CN109975709A - The ineffectiveness evaluation method of power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge - Google Patents
The ineffectiveness evaluation method of power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge Download PDFInfo
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- CN109975709A CN109975709A CN201910195101.1A CN201910195101A CN109975709A CN 109975709 A CN109975709 A CN 109975709A CN 201910195101 A CN201910195101 A CN 201910195101A CN 109975709 A CN109975709 A CN 109975709A
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 208000032953 Device battery issue Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 12
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003862 health status Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of ineffectiveness evaluation methods of power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge, solve the deficiencies in the prior art, technical solution are as follows: include the following steps, step 1, the charge or discharge for carrying out the short time to battery pack operate;Step 2, record fill and (put) each battery modules end voltage in electric process;The opposite crash rate of step 3, battery modules is assessed by formula: step 4 evaluates power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge efficiency according to λ value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Cell Evaluation methods, and in particular to a kind of power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge failure
Property evaluation method.
Background technique
It must generally be used in energy storage and new energy power vehicle field according to existing battery technology level and application requirement
The battery pack that several or even up to a hundred single batteries are constituted meets application demand.Due to each single battery problem of inconsistency
In the presence of so that battery pack during the work time, will lead to the expansion of each single battery performance inconsistency, and battery will be accelerated
Aging.Especially under fast charging and discharging operating condition, the inconsistency aggravation that single battery performance difference generates, performance is compared in difference battery
Resistance increases, and degradation speed is caused to accelerate, while causing the loss of integral battery pool-size, life loss.So how quickly to select
The poor battery of performance and again combo replacement maintenance have to battery pack service life and guarantee cell safety operation is extended
Significance.
Currently used cell health state appraisal procedure mainly has: (1) fully charged (electric discharge) test method, this survey
Method for testing is simple and easy, but while spending is longer, and in practical applications, full discharge test is difficult to be unfolded;(2) it is based on battery charging and discharging mistake
The assessment strategy of current characteristic, voltage characteristic and temperature profile in journey, this method are needed to current value, voltage value and temperature value
Calculated, to extract calculating to the current characteristic of lithium battery, voltage characteristic and temperature profile again, using algorithm compared with
More, calculating process is more many and diverse, and it is accurate to be difficult to calculate;(3) Impedance Analysis: Impedance Analysis is that the battery of current forefront is strong
Health characteristic measurement method, this method analyze collected data by the AC signal to battery input different frequency
Estimate battery intrinsic parameters and then judge the health status of battery, this method is accurate, but need special testing impedance equipment into
Row off-line measurement;(4) mathematical model method: this method largely tests lithium battery, constructs battery health and battery
The model and mathematical relationship of feature, but this method needs to construct different mathematical models for different batteries, such as
CN201610760783.2 is based on test experiments data indirect gain lithium battery performance parameter, constructs health factor and battery longevity
Model is ordered, is taken a long time;Using accelerated aging test, actual accuracy is to be improved, and limitation is big.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the above-mentioned prior art, there are fully charged (electric discharge) test methods, longer when spending,
In practical applications, full discharge test is difficult to be unfolded;Based on current characteristic, voltage characteristic and the temperature in battery charge and discharge process
The assessment strategy of feature needs to calculate current value, voltage value and temperature value, thus again to the current characteristic of lithium battery,
Voltage characteristic and temperature profile extract calculating, and more using algorithm, calculating process is more many and diverse, are difficult to calculate and accurately ask
Topic, provides a kind of ineffectiveness evaluation method of power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge
Ineffectiveness evaluation method, it is characterised in that: include the following steps,
Step 1, the charge or discharge for carrying out the short time to battery pack operate;
Step 2, record fill and (put) each battery modules end voltage in electric process;
The opposite crash rate of step 3, battery modules is assessed by following formula:
UavgWhen indicating that charge and discharge stop, each battery modules average terminal voltage of previous moment,
URWhen indicating that charge and discharge stop, the end voltage of previous moment battery modules to be evaluated,
Uavg tAfter indicating that charge and discharge stop, each battery modules average terminal voltage corresponding to any synchronization t,
UR tAfter indicating that charge and discharge stop, the end voltage of battery modules to be evaluated corresponding to any synchronization t,
UR0avgAfter stopping for electric discharge, the voltage change of average each battery modules caused by ohmic internal resistance,
K is internal resistance change rate before and after variety classes battery failure;
Step 4 evaluates power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge efficiency according to λ value.
The present invention the above method there are aiming at the problem that, be evaluation battery failure and service life state with internal resistance (ohmic internal resistance)
Important parameter.It measures simultaneously for the internal resistance of cell by factors shadows such as battery SOC, operating current size, environment temperatures
Loud and work condition environment restricted problem, the rules such as influence in conjunction with internal resistance to battery terminal voltage, design are compared using opposite end voltage
Method evaluates the failure degrees of battery modules.Difference is produced to reduce battery core in Production Process of Lithium Battery at present, improves consistency,
It is typically designed low capacity battery core.In power lithium battery actual application, battery pack (packet) is made of several hundred or even thousands of battery cores,
Single battery core real time information sampling circuit is complicated, at high cost, therefore relatively mostly uses and form battery modules unit by number (ten) a battery core,
The present invention is using battery modules as evaluation object.
Its characteristic can be because of trend of the work condition environment because being known as an overall variation, such as environment in use for battery pack
When temperature reduces, the internal resistance of all battery modules has the trend of increase in power battery pack, so introducing relative healths shape
The concept of state, following formula.
Wherein RavgBe averaged internal resistance for battery pack, R waits for as battery modules to be evaluated, K be before and after variety classes battery failure in
Resistive rate.
In practical application but due to requiring the acquisition of internal resistance the acquisition precision of equipment high, and calculate every time it is relatively complicated,
So the rules such as the influence of internal resistance to battery terminal voltage when being worked according to power battery: (1) in battery pack single battery polarization
Voltage recovery curve is consistent, i.e., the end voltage difference of single battery any time in recovery process is fixed constant.Electricity
Pond polarizing voltage restore completely after be battery open-circuit voltage, according to difference be this conclusion of fixed constant, obtain two lists
Difference between the open-circuit voltage Uocv of body battery is equal with the voltage difference of synchronization any in polarizing voltage recovery process,
So any time after electric discharge stopping, it can be between batteries monomer battery average terminal voltage and single battery end to be evaluated voltage
Difference between open-circuit voltage of both difference substitutions;(2) voltage change caused by battery discharge (pressure drop) is polarization and (Europe
Nurse) the sum of the voltage that generates of internal resistance.Obtain the relative healths degree based on end voltage:
Remember crash rate λ, such as following formula:
Preferably, in the step 4, when λ > 15% prompts replacement respective battery mould group, the battery as λ > 20%
The failure of mould group.
Preferably, the charge or discharge for carrying out the short time to battery pack operate in step 1, the charge and discharge time is 1-
5min, electric current 0.5C-2C.
Preferably, in step 3, at the time of t chooses after stopping is discharged in 1min.
Preferably, evaluating number after using electric discharge in the ineffectiveness evaluation method of power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge
Than being evaluated often after charging;It is evaluated after using electric discharge in the ineffectiveness evaluation method of power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge
Weighted value is bigger than the weighted value evaluated after charging.
Preferably, according to battery pack fast charge failure evaluation after charging, selecting battery pack SOC range in step 1
30-70%.
Substantial effect of the invention is: 1, of the present invention evaluation method be based on battery (battery core) internal resistance (more precisely
Ohmic internal resistance), it is made of the contact resistance of the resistance such as electrode material, electrolyte, diaphragm and each section part, it most can be directly anti-
Reflect the health degree of battery.2, evaluation method of the present invention is derived according to principle of electrochemical reaction obtains the internal resistance of cell and holds voltage
Affecting laws propose using end voltage the method for evaluating battery failure situation, before only K value is for battery failure in the process
Internal resistance running parameter (actual measurement or supplier provide) afterwards, other processes are without assuming or estimating parameter, and error of quality appraisement is small, accurately
Rate is high.3, the end voltage acquisition of battery pack and mould group is battery system itself monitoring parameter, does not increase additional circuit, is able to satisfy
Line state verification, offline without having a power failure, evaluation speed is fast.4, introduce relative healths degree, by battery cell modules performance with it is same
The battery pack real-time status of work condition environment compares, rather than the particular value of a certain stationary state.Purpose is to evaluate under same operating
The failure conditions of battery cell modules avoid erroneous judgement caused by operating condition factor overall variation.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention will be further explained in detail.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of ineffectiveness evaluation method of power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge, includes the following steps, step 1, to electricity
Pond group carries out the charge or discharge operation of short time;In step 1, according to battery pack fast charge failure evaluation, selection after charging
Battery pack SOC range 30-70%.In step 1, the charge or discharge for carrying out the short time to battery pack are operated, and the charge and discharge time is
1-5min, electric current 0.5C-2C.
Step 2, record fill and (put) each battery modules end voltage in electric process;
The opposite crash rate of step 3, battery modules is assessed by following formula:
UavgWhen indicating that charge and discharge stop, each battery modules average terminal voltage of previous moment,
URWhen indicating that charge and discharge stop, the end voltage of previous moment battery modules to be evaluated,
Uavg tAfter indicating that charge and discharge stop, each battery modules average terminal voltage corresponding to any synchronization t,
UR tAfter indicating that charge and discharge stop, the end voltage of battery modules to be evaluated corresponding to any synchronization t,
UR0avgAfter stopping for electric discharge, the voltage change of average each battery modules caused by ohmic internal resistance,
K is internal resistance change rate before and after variety classes battery failure;In step 3, t is chosen after stopping is discharged in 1min
Moment.
Step 4 evaluates power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge efficiency according to λ value.
In the step 4, when λ > 15% prompts replacement respective battery mould group, as λ > 20%, the battery modules fail.
The present embodiment is the important parameter for evaluating battery failure and service life state with internal resistance (ohmic internal resistance).Simultaneously for electricity
Pond internal resistance measurement is influenced by factors such as battery SOC, operating current size, environment temperatures and work condition environment restricted problem,
The failure of battery modules is evaluated in the rules such as the influence in conjunction with internal resistance to battery terminal voltage, design using opposite end voltage comparison method
Degree.Difference is produced to reduce battery core in Production Process of Lithium Battery at present, consistency is improved, is typically designed low capacity battery core.?
In power lithium battery actual application, battery pack, packet are made of several hundred or even thousands of battery cores, single battery core real time information sampling electricity
Road is complicated, at high cost, therefore relatively mostly uses and form battery modules unit by number, dozens of battery core, and the present invention is to comment with battery modules
Valence object.Its characteristic can be because of trend of the work condition environment because being known as an overall variation, such as environment in use for battery pack
When temperature reduces, the internal resistance of all battery modules has the trend of increase in power battery pack, so introducing relative healths shape
The concept of state, following formula.
Wherein RavgBe averaged internal resistance for battery pack, R waits for as battery modules to be evaluated, K be before and after variety classes battery failure in
Resistive rate.
In practical application but due to requiring the acquisition of internal resistance the acquisition precision of equipment high, and calculate every time it is relatively complicated,
So the rules such as the influence of internal resistance to battery terminal voltage when being worked according to power battery: (1) in battery pack single battery polarization
Voltage recovery curve is consistent, i.e., the end voltage difference of single battery any time in recovery process is fixed constant.Electricity
Pond polarizing voltage restore completely after be battery open-circuit voltage, according to difference be this conclusion of fixed constant, obtain two lists
Difference between the open-circuit voltage Uocv of body battery is equal with the voltage difference of synchronization any in polarizing voltage recovery process,
So any time after electric discharge stopping, it can be between batteries monomer battery average terminal voltage and single battery end to be evaluated voltage
Difference between open-circuit voltage of both difference substitutions;(2) voltage change caused by battery discharge (pressure drop) is polarization and (Europe
Nurse) the sum of the voltage that generates of internal resistance.Obtain the relative healths degree based on end voltage:
Remember crash rate λ, such as following formula:
This evaluation method is based on battery, battery core internal resistance, more precisely ohmic internal resistance, by electrode material, electrolyte,
The contact resistance of the resistance such as diaphragm and each section part composition, most can directly reflect the health degree of battery.The present embodiment evaluation
Method derives the affecting laws for obtaining the internal resistance of cell and holding voltage according to principle of electrochemical reaction, proposes using end voltage and comments
The method of valence battery failure situation, only K value is for internal resistance running parameter (actual measurement or the supplier before and after battery failure in the process
There is provided), other processes are without assuming or estimating parameter, and error of quality appraisement is small, and accuracy rate is high.The end voltage acquisition of battery pack and mould group
For battery system itself monitoring parameter, do not increase additional circuit, is able to satisfy presence test, evaluation speed offline without having a power failure
Degree is fast.The present embodiment introduces relative healths degree, by the battery pack real-time status of battery cell modules performance and same operating environment
Compare, rather than the particular value of a certain stationary state.Purpose is to evaluate the failure conditions of battery cell modules under same operating, keep away
Exempt from erroneous judgement caused by operating condition factor overall variation.
Above-mentioned embodiment is only a preferred solution of the present invention, not the present invention is made in any form
Limitation, there are also other variations and modifications on the premise of not exceeding the technical scheme recorded in the claims.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of ineffectiveness evaluation method of power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge, it is characterised in that: include the following steps,
Step 1, the charge or discharge for carrying out the short time to battery pack operate;
Step 2, record fill and (put) each battery modules end voltage in electric process;
The opposite crash rate of step 3, battery modules is assessed by following formula:
UavgWhen indicating that charge and discharge stop, each battery modules average terminal voltage of previous moment,
URWhen indicating that charge and discharge stop, the end voltage of previous moment battery modules to be evaluated,
Uavg tAfter indicating that charge and discharge stop, each battery modules average terminal voltage corresponding to any synchronization t,
UR tAfter indicating that charge and discharge stop, the end voltage of battery modules to be evaluated corresponding to any synchronization t,
UR0avgAfter stopping for electric discharge, the voltage change of average each battery modules caused by ohmic internal resistance,
K is internal resistance change rate before and after variety classes battery failure;
Step 4 evaluates power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge efficiency according to λ value.
2. the ineffectiveness evaluation method of power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the step 4, when λ > 15% prompts replacement respective battery mould group, as λ > 20%, the battery modules fail.
3. the ineffectiveness evaluation method of power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In step 1, the charge or discharge for carrying out the short time to battery pack are operated, and the charge and discharge time is 1-5min, electric current 0.5C-2C.
4. the ineffectiveness evaluation method of power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In step 3, at the time of t chooses after stopping is discharged in 1min.
5. the ineffectiveness evaluation method of power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It is more secondary than what is evaluated after charging using evaluation number after electric discharge in the ineffectiveness evaluation method of power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge
Number is more;Using evaluation value weight values after electric discharge than being commented after charging in the ineffectiveness evaluation method of power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge
The weighted value of valence is big.
6. the ineffectiveness evaluation method of power lithium-ion battery mould group quick charge according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In step 1, according to battery pack fast charge failure evaluation after charging, battery pack SOC range 30-70% is selected.
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