CN1097724A - The method of utilizing municipal sludge, ight soil to produce highly efficient granular organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the agricultural fertilizer manufacturing process.Be to utilize the urban domestic wastewater to handle the mud, the ight soil that produce to be main raw material, through slaking, dehydration, pulverizing, batching, granulation, oven dry, screening, technology of the package, it is required to produce the growth of various farm crop, fruit tree, include efficient organic and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various trace element, have the granular organic fertilizer of quick-acting, slowly-releasing, long-acting.This fertilizer can improve farmland organic content and crop yield and quality significantly.Its production method is simple, easy to implement.

Description

The method of utilizing municipal sludge, ight soil to produce highly efficient granular organic fertilizer

The invention belongs to the agricultural fertilizer manufacturing process.

At present, each city is all produced a large amount of sanitary wastewaters and ight soil daily both at home and abroad, make septic tank be in overload owing to designing (the general septic tank cleaning cycle is 3-6 month) and human factor, not only do not have original design effect, and cause a large amount of living coproplanesis to go into city underdrainage pipe network facility, seriously polluted underground water and environment.Therefore, urban night soil and mud are serious problems that need to be resolved hurrily.

According to the farming research department statistics, the northern area of China farmland, owing to use chemical fertilizer for a long time in a large number, its organic content is general just seriously to descend.The farmland organic content that has between 0.9-1.2%, is 1.8% and normally keep the requirement of crop growth value minimum standard only.Increasing fertility of land, increase the farmland organic content, also is extremely urgent, the instant task of top priority.

Abroad the problem that improves the farmland organic content is attached great importance to, along with the enhancing of people to Environmental awareness, the organic farming method is risen again in Britain and other Western European countries, and " edge look " food that adopts this method to cultivate is subjected to human consumer's welcome.Near Ireland of Britain, also become the member that declaration will be implemented organic farming in the European Union recently.

Organic farming is also very prosperous in Denmark and Germany, and obtains the support of government.

However, they but take dual disposal to mud and ight soil that the urban domestic wastewater produced, to the measure of sea discharging, and as the U.S., Japan.Have only Germany with mud and ight soil, be pressed into behind the base shape and sell to gardening department on a small quantity, all the other are still arranged the sea and handle.

Add up by the year ends 1993 according to Xinhua News Agency: China has 517 in city (wherein municipality directly under the Central Government is 3,191 of prefecture-level cities, 323 of county-level cities, 662 in districts under city administration), and the city of sanitary sewage disposal factory is arranged, and has only 79.The sanitary sewage in most cities and ight soil all end are treated, everywhere to open drain closed conduit, ocean disposal and the processing mode of primary mummifying pool natural air drying very.Not only seriously contaminate environment is also wasted the precious resources that can be used for manufacturing efficient organic fertilizer simultaneously with ecological.If can rationally utilize and develop,, turn waste into wealth, extremely huge practical interests and far-reaching long-term interest will be arranged the digestion municipal pollution! Benefit the nation and the people, the offspring benefits future generations.

The most of farmland of China although government advocates the enhancing soil fertility measure in " the tangerine bar is the field also ", still is in the present situation that the predation formula is produced at northern area, and soil fertility is still progressively descending day by day.

Handle mud and the ight soil that the back produces in view of city domestic sewage, do not contain heavy metal, objectionable impuritiess such as its contained alkali excrement, intestinal bacteria, sewage work has taked to add measures such as dilute sulphuric acid, chlorine, has carried out neutralization, germicidal treatment.Ight soil has carried out scheduling to last the biochemical reaction in 3-6 month cycle in septic tank, become the organic content height, the effect of tool slow release long-acting, and tasteless powdery substance can be used for manufacturing the raw material of the high-efficiency organic fertilizer of being badly in need of in the farmland.

If can big area develop the pollutent resource that this makes each urban environmental protection, the headache of department of municipal administration, make high-efficiency organic fertilizer.To solving city environmental pollution, increase soil fertility, improve crop yield and quality, be to turn bane into boon, contributes to contemporary times and brings benefits for future centuries, the cause that serves multiple.

By retrieval, still do not have the municipal sludge of utilization and ight soil at present both at home and abroad, make the precedent of highly efficient granular organic fertilizer in batches.

Purpose of the present invention is to utilize municipal sludge and ight soil to be main raw material, and a kind of processing method of producing highly efficient granular organic fertilizer is provided.

Purpose of the present invention is with municipal sludge and ight soil, and the processing method by slaking, dehydration, pulverizing, batching, granulation, oven dry, screening, packing realizes.

Below in conjunction with two embodiment of the present invention,, do further and describe in detail processing method of the present invention:

Embodiment 1: utilize the urban domestic wastewater to handle the mud and the ight soil that produce and be main raw material, at first raw material is carried out maturation process.Its concrete technology is:

Slaking: operation is carried out in two steps.

1, mud: select for use in sanitary sewage disposal factory digester,, carry out the Biochemical processes reaction of 11 day cycle, carry out the mud of maturation process through 34 ℃ of temperature.

2, ight soil: select for use to be located in each uptown septic tank, through the ight soil of biochemical reaction half a year slaking.

Dehydration: adopt two step operations simultaneously.

1, mechanical dehydration: use pressure filter, will carry out mechanical dehydration in enormous quantities through the mud and the ight soil of slaking.

2, dehydration naturally: in the septic tank that each residential area is set, through the ight soil of cycle half a year biochemical reaction slaking, it is air-dry that solarization is further forgived in taking-up.

Pulverize: will bond agglomerating mud and ight soil, carry out the pulverization process powdering with mechanical crusher.

Batching: need manually mud, ight soil, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various trace element be mixed with dissimilar powder raw materials by the different ingredients component according to different crops (land for growing field crops usefulness, paddy rice are used) fruit tree, vegetable growth.

Granulation: with the Different Crop type compatibility raw material for preparing, drop in the drum-type tablets press rolling moulding respectively.

Oven dry: the granulated fertilizer of the moulding of will rolling, send into and use the empty curtain of heat mode in the drying kiln formula, keep 30 ℃ of constant temperature, dry processing.Purpose is to make pellet keep certain moisture content, so that dissolving and slowly-releasing.Its bake out temperature can not become 30 ℃, otherwise organic matter in the pellet and trace element are easy to the volatilization forfeiture.

Screening: the pellet that will dry, insert in the sieve apparatus and sieve, remove powdered fertilizer.

Packing: carry out the artificial moistureproof plastics bag encapsulation of automatic or manual with plastic packaging machine.

Embodiment 2:

It adopts raw material and technology and enforcement 1 basic identical.Different is to produce in enormous quantities for adapting to, and with the granulation of embodiment 1, oven dry, screening operation are reduced in the forcing machine inter-sync and carry out.But the heating collar of its barrel must strict controlled temperature (30 ℃ of constant temperature).Under the pressure of single screw rod or two cantilever and screw bolt forcing machines,, force moulding fast to loose mud and ight soil material.This operation does not have pulverulent material to produce, and the fertilizer particle diameter that is obtained, composition is mixed is uniformly dispersed.

With the highly efficient granular organic fertilizer that method of the present invention is produced, using comparative test result through the sub-district, many places proves, increases exponentially than the output of using the chemical fertilizer farm crop merely.The sugariness and the quality that include nutrition such as tomato, eggplant, tobacco, apple, grape etc. of crop all are greatly improved.

Through repetition test, use the highly efficient granular organic fertilizer that the present invention produces, can increase production about 15%.Use 100 kilograms of calculating by every mu, the city of million people's mouth utilizes mud and ight soil to produce fertilizer of the present invention every year, can use 100,000 mu in farmland, can produce more food every year 5000000 kilograms, increases by 2,000,000 yuan of the output values.

Highly efficient granular organic fertilizer of the present invention detects through quality supervised department, and its organic content has surpassed international standard.Therefore, processing method of the present invention and the highly efficient granular organic fertilizer of being produced are the pollutions to urban environment of minimizing mud and ight soil, the alluvial that alleviates urban drainage pipe network, improve the draining anti-flood capacity of municipal drainage facility, increase the farmland organic content, a fabulous approach of " advocate organic farming, cultivate green food ", and resource is never exhausted, technology is simple, implements easily the economic and social benefit that tool is long-range.

Claims (2)

1, the method for utilizing municipal sludge, ight soil to produce high-efficiency organic granulated fertilizer, its significant technical characterictic is: be to utilize the urban domestic wastewater to handle mud, ight soil that the back produces, manufacture through slaking, dehydration, pulverizing, batching, granulation, oven dry, screening, technology of the package.

2, the method for utilizing municipal sludge, ight soil to produce highly efficient granular organic fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: produce in enormous quantities, granulation, oven dry, screening operation can be reduced to the synchronous operation of extruding pelletization and carry out moulding.