CN109702343B - Glass transparency controllable laser composite welding device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention specifically discloses a laser composite welding device with controllable transparency to glass, which comprises: a laser for generating a laser beam, an optical transmitter for transmitting the laser beam, a galvanometer scanner for focusing the laser beam, and a jig for fixing the overlapped glass weldment; the laser beam generated from the laser passes through the optical transmitter and the galvanometer scanner to the glass weldment secured to the fixture. The invention also discloses a laser composite welding method with controllable transparency to glass, which comprises the following steps: s1, fixing a plurality of overlapped glass welding pieces; s2, transmitting the focusing laser beam to a galvanometer scanner through an optical transmitter; s3, focusing, so that a focusing laser beam is focused on the interface between one glass welding piece and the other glass welding piece of the clamp; s4, generating a welding laser beam. The invention reduces the production cost and the welding difficulty, does not need optical contact, and can obtain high-quality welding glass with controllable transparency and small damage.

Description

A laser hybrid welding device and method with controllable transparency of glass

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical fields of glass welding and laser, and in particular to a laser composite welding device and method with controllable transparency of glass.

Background technique

As a transparent material with excellent corrosion resistance and optical properties, glass is widely used in microelectromechanical systems, microfluidics, optics, biomedical and other industries. Practical applications usually require two or more pieces of glass to be connected.

Traditional connection methods such as bonding adhesives, optical contacts and heat treatments. The adhesive often lacks long-term stability due to degradation and the development of thermal stresses in the case of heat treatment, making these methods unsuitable for certain applications. Laser welding has high processing precision, flexible processing process, high welding quality, can accurately control the welding area, and has little impact on the mechanical properties of glass. It is an important method and development trend of glass welding.

Existing glass laser welding methods mainly use ultra-short pulse lasers (such as picosecond and femtosecond lasers) to weld glass without solder. The welding equipment used in this method is expensive, requires high glass surface quality and assembly quality during welding (during welding, two pieces of glass are required to fit together to achieve optical contact, and the distance between the two pieces of glass is less than λ/4, where λ is the wavelength), and it is easy to Damage to the glass, seriously affecting the welding effect. When ultra-short laser pulses are used to weld glass, the transparency of the glass welding area is greatly damaged, and the transparency of the welding area decreases significantly. It is even possible to obtain a completely opaque welding area, which seriously affects the optical properties of the glass.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, it is necessary to address the above problems and propose a laser hybrid welding device and method with controllable transparency of glass to solve the existing glass welding technology's high assembly requirements, large welding damage, and uncontrollable transparency of the welding area. , costly technical problems.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A laser hybrid welding device with controllable transparency of glass is applied to several pieces of glass welding parts. The laser hybrid welding device includes: a laser for generating a laser beam, an optical conductor for conducting the laser beam, and an optical conductor for conducting the laser beam. A galvanometer scanner for focusing the laser beam and a clamp for fixing several overlapping pieces of glass welding pieces; the laser beam generated from the laser passes through the optical conductor and the galvanometer scanner to reach the glass welding pieces fixed on the clamp.

Further, the clamp includes a mounting base and at least two magnetic blocks; a recessed area or a hollow area is provided in the middle of the mounting base; the glass welding piece is set up on the mounting base; the welding area of the glass welding piece Located above the recessed area or hollow area; each magnetic block is provided on the edge of the top surface of the glass welding piece and located above the mounting seat.

Further, the laser is a continuous laser, a millisecond laser, a microsecond laser or a nanosecond laser.

A laser hybrid welding method with controllable transparency of glass, applied to the above-mentioned laser hybrid welding device with controllable transparency of glass, the method includes the following steps:

S1, fix several overlapping glass welding parts through clamps;

S2, control the laser to generate a focused laser beam, and the focused laser beam is transmitted to the galvanometer scanner through the optical conductor;

S3, use the galvanometer scanner to focus the focusing laser beam so that the focusing laser beam is focused on the interface between one glass welding part and another glass welding part fixed on the fixture;

S4, control the laser to generate welding laser beam.

Furthermore, the following steps are included before S1:

S101, clean the glass welding parts to be welded;

S102, glass welding parts after drying and cleaning;

S103, coating a piece of glass welding piece after drying;

S104: Laminate a coated glass welding part to another uncoated glass welding part that has been cleaned and dried, and the film layer of the coated glass welding part is located between the two glass welding parts.

Further, in S104, the coated glass welding piece is located below another uncoated glass welding piece that has been cleaned and dried.

Further, in S1, the glass welding part is aluminum-silicon tempered glass, soda-lime silicate glass, borosilicate glass or doped glass.

Further, in S103, the coating layer of the glass welding part is a titanium metal film, a nickel metal film, a zinc metal film, an aluminum metal film, a copper metal film, a titanium nitride film or an aluminum oxide film.

Further, in S103, the coating method used is physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition or sol-gel method.

Further, in S103, by controlling the type and thickness of the coating layer of the glass to be welded, the transparency of the glass after welding is controlled;

In S4, the laser welding parameters of the laser are controlled to control the transparency of the glass after welding is completed.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

Compared with the existing technology, the present invention greatly reduces the damage rate to the glass, reduces the requirements for glass bonding, and does not require optical contact; the laser used in the present invention is a continuous laser, a millisecond laser, a microsecond laser or a nanosecond laser. The second laser greatly reduces production costs; the invention can control the transparency of the glass welding area and has little impact on the optical properties of the glass.

The present invention reduces the production cost of glass welding. Compared with expensive picosecond and femtosecond laser welding equipment, the cost of continuous to nanosecond laser equipment is low; the present invention reduces the difficulty of realizing glass welding. When using picosecond or femtosecond laser welding equipment, When welding glass with laser equipment, the two pieces of glass are required to be in optical contact. However, when welding using the method of the present invention, only close fit is required, and high-quality welded glass with controllable transparency and little damage can be obtained.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a laser hybrid welding device with controllable transparency of glass according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation and laser focusing of two glass welding parts involved in the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the glass welding parts and clamps involved in the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the mounting base involved in the present invention;

Figure 5 is a work flow chart of a laser hybrid welding method with controllable transparency of glass in Embodiment 7 of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a work flow chart of a laser hybrid welding method with controllable transparency of glass in Embodiment 8 of the present invention;

Figure 7 is another structural schematic diagram of a laser hybrid welding device with controllable transparency of glass according to the present invention;

Explanation of reference symbols:

Laser - 1; Optical conductor - 2; Galvanometer scanner - 3; Fixture - 4; Workbench - 5; Mounting base - 41; Magnetic block - 42; Reflector - 21.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

It should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only In order to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Terms such as “first”, “second”, “third” and “fourth” are used for descriptive purposes only and shall not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, defining a "first", "second", "third" or "fourth" feature may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1-4, a laser hybrid welding device with controllable transparency of glass is applied to several pieces of glass welding parts. The laser hybrid welding device includes: a laser for generating a laser beam 1; The optical conductor 2 of the beam, the galvanometer scanner 3 for focusing the laser beam and the clamp 4 for fixing several overlapping glass welding pieces; the laser beam generated from the laser 1 passes through the optical conductor 2 and The galvanometer scanner 3 reaches the glass welding part fixed on the fixture 4;

The specific working project is: laser 1 generates a laser beam with a wavelength of 1064nm. The laser beam is guided by the optical conductor 2 and then enters the galvanometer scanner 3. The galvanometer scanner 3 focuses the laser beam and then welds it on the glass to be welded. A light spot is formed on the surface of the part, which is then welded. The clamp 4 is used to fix the glass welding part to make it fit tightly.

Example 2

Embodiment 2 is a further optimization of Embodiment 1;

As shown in Figure 1-2, the laser hybrid welding device also includes a workbench 5; the clamp 4 is installed on the workbench 5.

Example 3

Embodiment 3 is a further optimization of Embodiment 1;

As shown in Figures 1-4, the clamp 4 includes a mounting base 41 and at least two magnetic blocks 42; a recessed area or a hollow area is provided in the middle of the mounting base 41; the glass welding part is set up on the mounting base 41 Above; the welding area of the glass welding part is located above the recessed area or the hollow area; each magnetic block 42 is provided on the edge of the top surface of the glass welding part and is located above the mounting base 41; specifically, the mounting base 41 It is a magnetic metal support, the magnetic block 42 is a super magnet, the glass welding parts are two glass samples to be welded, and the two ends of the two glass welding parts to be welded are located at the mounting base 41 and the magnetic block 42 In the middle, the magnetic force generated by the mounting base 41 and the magnetic block 42 makes the two pieces of glass to be welded close together, achieving the function of fixing the glass and making it fit tightly. At the same time, there is a hollow area in the middle of the clamp 4, so that the laser beam It can penetrate the glass to be welded so that the glass to be welded is not affected by the laser reflected by the workbench 5.

Further, as shown in Figure 4, at least two sinking platforms are provided around the hollow area on the top surface of the clamp 4 for placing several overlapping pieces of glass welding parts (as shown in Figure 2, preferably two pieces of glass welding parts are overlapped on Together).

Example 4

Embodiment 4 is a further optimization of Embodiment 1;

As shown in Figures 1 and 7, the optical conductor 2 includes at least one reflecting mirror 21; the reflecting mirror is used to reflect the laser beam generated from the laser 1 to the galvanometer scanner 3; the reflecting mirror 21 Installed at an angle to the laser beam.

Example 5

Embodiment 5 is a further optimization of Embodiment 1;

As shown in Figures 1 and 7, the galvanometer scanner 3 is a converging lens.

Example 6

Embodiment 6 is a further optimization of Embodiment 1;

As shown in Figure 1, the laser 1 is a continuous laser, a millisecond laser, a microsecond laser or a nanosecond laser.

Example 7

As shown in Figures 1 and 5, a laser hybrid welding method with controllable transparency of glass is applied to the above-mentioned laser hybrid welding device with controllable transparency of glass. The method includes the following steps S1-4:

S1, use the clamp 4 to fix several overlapping pieces of glass welding parts; specifically, use the clamp 4 to fix and clamp the two pieces of glass welding parts to be welded so that they fit closely and remain level.

S2, control the laser 1 to generate a focusing laser beam, which is transmitted to the galvanometer scanner 3 through the optical conductor 2; specifically, the laser is used to generate a laser beam with a wavelength of 1064 nm, and the laser beam is transmitted through the optical conductor 2 After transmission, it is injected into the galvanometer scanner 3; specifically, the laser power is 20W, the wavelength is 1064nm, the pulse width is 200ns, the repetition frequency is adjustable from 20 to 80KHz, the scanning mode is line scanning, and the line spacing is 20 μm to 80 μm.

S3, use the galvanometer scanner 3 to focus the focusing laser beam so that the focusing laser beam is focused on the interface between one glass welding part and another glass welding part fixed on the fixture 4;

Specifically, the galvanometer scanner 3 focuses the laser beam so that the laser beam is focused on the surface junction of two pieces of glass welding parts to be welded that have been fixed with the clamp 4 (specifically, so that the focus is exactly on the coating);

Specifically, the focusing process described in S3 is as follows:

Since the refractive index of glass and air is different, in addition to using intuitive methods such as direct focusing with CCD image sensing equipment, you can also first place an object as thick as the lower glass on the fixture, focus the laser focus on the surface of the object, and then focus according to the The formula to calculate the focal length that needs to be adjusted can be calculated using the following formula:

In formula (1), z is the distance that needs to be adjusted upward, d is the thickness of the upper glass, and n ₁ is the refractive index of the upper glass.

S4, control laser 1 to generate a welding laser beam; specifically, set the welding parameters in the laser control software that controls laser 1, and implement welding after the settings are completed, thereby controlling the transparency of the welding area; specifically, the power of laser 1 is 4W, The welding speed is 40mm/s, the frequency is 40KHz, the scanning mode is line scanning, and the line spacing is 0.04m. Welding is performed after the settings are completed; the welding parameters include laser scanning speed, output power, repetition frequency, scanning mode and filling spacing.

Example 8

Embodiment 8 is a further optimization of Embodiment 7;

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 6, the following steps are included before S1:

S101, clean the glass welding parts to be welded; specifically, place the glass welding parts to be welded in a container filled with absolute ethanol or acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 5-10 minutes;

S102, dry the cleaned glass welding parts; specifically, place the cleaned glass welding parts to be welded in a vacuum drying oven to dry;

S103, coat a piece of glass welding piece after drying; specifically, the coated layer is titanium (Ti) film, nickel (Ni) film, zinc (Zn) film, aluminum (A1) film, copper (Cu) film , titanium nitride (TiN) film, aluminum oxide (AlO ₃ ) film and other metal and non-metal films, with a thickness of 5 to 500nm;

Preferably, the coating method used can be physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, sol-gel method, etc.;

Preferably, the coating layer is a titanium (Ti) metal film with a thickness of 40nm; if the film layer is too thin, the laser transmittance is too high, and the absorbed energy is too little, so welding cannot be achieved; if the film layer is too thick, the laser transmittance is too low, Too much energy is absorbed and the welding quality is too poor;

Preferably, use coating equipment (vacuum evaporation coating machine is preferred in this embodiment) to coat a layer of titanium metal film with a thickness of 5 to 500 nm on the surface of the dried glass welding parts;

S104: Laminate a coated glass welding part to another uncoated glass welding part that has been cleaned and dried, and the film layer of the coated glass welding part is located between the two glass welding parts.

Example 9

Embodiment 9 is a further optimization of Embodiment 8;

As shown in Figures 1 and 6, in S104, the coated glass welding piece is located below another uncoated glass welding piece that has been cleaned and dried.

Example 10

Embodiment 10 is a further optimization of Embodiment 7;

As shown in Figures 1 and 5, in S1, the glass welding part is aluminum-silicon tempered glass, soda-lime silicate glass, borosilicate glass, doped glass, etc. Preferably, the thickness of the glass welding part is ≤5mm.

Example 11

Embodiment 11 is a further optimization of Embodiment 7;

As shown in Figures 1 and 5, in S1, the clamp 4 used uses the magnetic force provided by the metal bracket and the super strong magnet to tightly fit the two pieces of glass to be welded, and keep the middle area as a hollow area to prevent reflection from the surface of the clamp The laser causes damage to the sample; in step S1, the transparency of the welding area can be controlled by controlling the thickness and type of coating.

Example 12

Embodiment 12 is a further optimization of Embodiment 7;

As shown in Figures 1 and 5, in S1, in addition to the method of fixing several overlapping glass welding parts through the clamp 4, it also includes: other heat sources (lasers, induction heating, arc or discharge plasma sintering, etc.) Couple and connect several overlapping glass welding pieces to increase the fit of the glass to be welded.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. The laser composite welding method with controllable transparency to glass is applied to a laser composite welding device with controllable transparency to glass, and the laser composite welding device with controllable transparency to glass comprises the following steps: a laser for generating a laser beam, an optical transmitter for transmitting the laser beam, a galvanometer scanner for focusing the laser beam, and a jig for fixing a plurality of overlapped glass weldments; the laser beam generated by the laser reaches the glass welding piece fixed on the fixture through the optical conductor and the galvanometer scanner;

characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

s1, fixing a plurality of overlapped glass welding pieces through a clamp;

s2, controlling a laser to generate a focusing laser beam, wherein the focusing laser beam is transmitted to a galvanometer scanner through an optical transmitter;

s3, focusing the focusing laser beam through a galvanometer scanner, so that the focusing laser beam is focused on the interface between one glass welding piece and the other glass welding piece which are fixed on the clamp; firstly, placing an object with the same thickness as the lower glass layer on a clamp, focusing a laser focus on the surface of the object, calculating a focal length to be adjusted according to a formula, and calculating by adopting the following formula:

z in the formula (1) is the distance to be adjusted upwards, d is the thickness of the upper glass, n ₁ Is the refractive index of the upper glass;

s4, controlling a laser to generate a welding laser beam;

the clamp comprises a mounting seat and at least two magnetic blocks; the mounting seat is a magnetic metal support, and a concave area or a hollowed-out area is formed in the middle of the mounting seat; the glass welding piece is arranged on the mounting seat; the welding area of the glass welding piece is positioned above the concave area or the hollowed-out area; each magnetic block is arranged on the edge part of the top surface of the glass welding piece and is positioned above the mounting seat, and the magnetic force generated by the mounting seat and the magnetic block enables the two pieces of glass to be welded to be tightly attached.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the laser is a continuous laser, a millisecond laser, a microsecond laser, or a nanosecond laser.

3. The method for laser hybrid welding with controllable transparency to glass according to claim 1, further comprising the step of, prior to S1:

s101, cleaning a glass welding piece to be welded;

s102, drying the cleaned glass welding piece;

s103, coating a piece of dried glass welding piece;

and S104, attaching one piece of coated glass welding piece to the other piece of cleaned and dried uncoated glass welding piece, wherein the film layer of the coated glass welding piece is positioned between the two pieces of glass welding pieces.

4. A method of laser hybrid welding with controlled transparency to glass according to claim 3 wherein in S104 the coated glass weldment is positioned below another cleaned and dried uncoated glass weldment.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein in S1, the glass weldment is an aluminum silicon steel glass, a soda-lime silicate glass, a borosilicate glass, or a doped glass.

6. The method according to claim 3, wherein in S103, the coating layer of the glass welded part is a titanium metal film, a nickel metal film, a zinc metal film, an aluminum metal film, a copper metal film, a titanium nitride film or an aluminum oxide film.

7. The method of claim 3, wherein in S103, the coating method is physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition or sol-gel method.

8. The method for hybrid welding with controllable transparency to glass according to claim 3, wherein in S103, the transparency of the glass after the welding is completed is controlled by controlling the type and thickness of the coating layer of the glass to be welded;

in S4, the transparency of the glass after the welding is completed is controlled by controlling the laser welding parameters of the laser.