CN109518184B - Hf-BHfN-BHfNC composite coating cutter and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cutter coating materials, and relates to a Hf-BHfN-BHfNC composite coating cutter and a preparation method thereof. The base material of the cutter is a high-speed steel material, and the coating comprises a Hf transition layer, a BHfN hard coating and a BHfNC hard coating from inside to outside in sequence. The Hf transition layer of the coated cutter is prepared by electroplating and heat treatment processes, and the BHfN layer and the BHfNC layer are both prepared by a reactive magnetron sputtering method. The transition layer material of the coated cutter and the base material of the cutter are deeply diffused, the coating and the base have higher bonding strength, and the surface coating has high hardness and good wear resistance. The cutter can be widely applied to cutting processing of low-hardness metal materials, and the service life and the cutting processing efficiency of the cutter are improved.

Description

A kind of Hf-BHfN-BHfNC composite coating tool and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to an Hf-BHfN-BHfNC composite coating tool and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of tool coating materials.

Background technique

The machinery manufacturing industry provides technical equipment for the entire national economy and is the material basis for national economic and social development and national defense construction. Its development level is an important symbol of the country's comprehensive strength. Cutting technology is the most widely used basic technology in the machinery manufacturing industry, and the advancement of cutting tool technology is the key to the rapid development of cutting technology. In recent years, in order to meet the new requirements for cutting tools such as dry cutting and high-speed cutting, the metal cutting tool industry is constantly trying to develop new wear-resistant tool materials, tool coatings and optimize the design of tool geometry. To a certain extent, it solves the bottleneck problem that restricts the development of cutting technology. Among these methods, the coating has the most extensive applicability, but the bonding problem between the coating and the base material has become a major factor restricting its performance, especially the transition layer of the bonding part of the coating and the tool base. Bonding performance is critical. To this end, the development of a new type of coated tool with high bonding strength will be of great significance to promote the expansion of the application range of coated tools and the advancement of cutting technology.

The Chinese patent "Application No.: 201710532821.3" reports an AlNbCN multi-gradient composite coating tool and its preparation method. The invention uses a composite method of intermediate frequency magnetron sputtering and multi-arc plating to sequentially deposit a Ti transition layer and an AlNbC transition layer on the surface of the tool substrate. Layer, nitrogen content gradient AlNbCN coating, the tool has high hardness and strength. Chinese patent "Application No.: 201710532803.5" reports a SiNbC/SiNbCN laminated composite coating tool and its preparation process. The invention uses the methods of non-equilibrium magnetron sputtering and arc ion plating to alternately deposit the two composite coatings on the surface of the tool substrate. Coating, the tool has good physical and mechanical properties and can be used for finishing and semi-finishing of various metal materials.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, provide a Hf-BHfN-BHfNC composite coating tool and its preparation method, and further improve the bonding strength of the coating film base and the physical and mechanical properties of the coating.

Technical scheme: In the Hf-BHfN-BHfNC composite coating tool of the present invention, the tool base material is high-speed steel material, and the tool coating is Hf transition layer, BHfN hard coating and BHfNC hard coating from inside to outside.

The preparation method of a Hf-BHfN-BHfNC composite coating tool of the present invention is as follows: first, an Hf transition layer is electroplated on the surface of a high _- speed steel tool substrate by using an HfCl4 electrolyte, the electrolyte concentration is 5-10 wt.%, and the anode is a metal For hafnium material, the thickness of the electroplated transition layer is 0.2~0.5μm. Put the tool after electroplating transition layer into a vacuum heating furnace and heat it to 300~500℃ to keep warm to promote the diffusion of hafnium element and the base material of the tool to form high bonding strength The transition layer; the BHfN coating is deposited on the surface of the transition layer by magnetron sputtering, high-purity elemental boron and elemental hafnium are selected as RF targets, and a mixed gas of nitrogen and argon is passed through. The mass fraction of nitrogen and argon accounts for The ratio is 1:5, the deposition pressure is 0.6-1.0Pa, and the thickness of the deposited BHfN coating is 0.5-0.8 μm; the BHfNC coating is deposited on the surface of the BHfN layer by magnetron sputtering, and boron carbide and elemental hafnium are used as radio frequency targets. , a mixed gas of nitrogen and argon is passed through, the deposition temperature is 350-450° C., and the thickness of the deposited BHfNC coating reaches 0.5-1.0 μm.

Beneficial effects: the present invention deposits a new type of Hf-BHfN-BHfNC composite coating on the surface of a high-speed steel tool by combining electroplating and magnetron sputtering. Compared with the existing conventional titanium nitride-based coating, the novel composite coating of the present invention has higher hardness, and the metal hafnium as a transition layer is denser than the traditional titanium transition layer; compared with the existing single PVD The coating method and the preparation process of the transition layer by electroplating combined with heat treatment of the present invention will effectively promote the diffusion of the transition layer elements and the matrix material, and significantly enhance the bonding strength of the coating and the matrix. The Hf-BHfN-BHfNC composite coating tool of the present invention can be widely used in the cutting of low-hardness metal materials, thereby improving the service life of the tool and the cutting efficiency.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic view of the coating structure of the Hf-BHfN-BHfNC composite coating tool of the present invention, wherein: along the tool base outward, there are Hf transition layer, BHfN layer, and BHfNC layer in sequence.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific examples. The following examples are only descriptive, not restrictive, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Example:

An Hf-BHfN-BHfNC composite coating turning tool, the tool base material is high-speed steel material, and the tool coating is Hf transition layer, BHfN hard coating and BHfNC hard coating sequentially from inside to outside.

A preparation method of a Hf-BHfN-BHfNC composite coating turning tool of the present invention is as follows:

(1) Pretreatment: mechanically polish the cutting working area of the high-speed steel turning tool, put it into anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning for 20 minutes, and vacuum dry it.

(2) Hf transition layer was electroplated on the surface of the high-speed steel tool substrate after cleaning and drying by using _HfCl4 electrolyte, the electrolyte concentration was 10wt.%, the anode was metal hafnium material, and the thickness of the electroplated transition layer was 0.4 μm. After the transition layer is deposited, the tool is placed in a vacuum heating furnace and heated to 500 °C for 3 hours to promote the diffusion of hafnium element and the high-speed steel matrix material to form a Hf transition layer with high bonding strength.

(3) The BHfN coating is deposited on the surface of the transition layer by magnetron sputtering, high-purity elemental boron and elemental hafnium are selected as radio frequency targets, and a mixture of nitrogen and argon is passed through, and the mass fraction of nitrogen and argon is proportional to is 1:5, the deposition pressure is 0.8Pa, and the thickness of the deposited BHfN coating reaches 0.6μm.

(4) The BHfNC coating was deposited on the surface of the BHfN layer by the method of magnetron sputtering. Boron carbide and elemental hafnium were used as the radio frequency target, and the mixed gas of nitrogen and argon was passed through, and the deposition temperature was 400 °C to deposit the thickness of the BHfNC coating. Up to 0.8μm, the preparation of the coating tool is completed.

Claims (4)

1. a Hf-BHfN-BHfNC composite coating cutter, it is characterized in that: cutter matrix material is high-speed steel material, and coating is successively Hf transition layer, BHfN hard coating, BHfNC hard coating from inside to outside; The coated tool is prepared by the following methods: depositing Hf element on the surface of the high-speed steel tool substrate by electroplating, and heat treatment to promote the diffusion of Hf element and the substrate material to form a transition layer with high bonding strength; using magnetron sputtering method in A BHfN coating and a BHfNC coating were deposited on the surface of the transition layer, respectively. 2. Hf-BHfN-BHfNC composite coating tool according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the electrolyte that transition layer electrolytic deposition uses is HfCl4 electrolyte, the concentration is ₅ ～10wt.%, and the anode is metal hafnium material , the thickness of the electroplated transition layer is 0.2-0.5 μm; the heat treatment of the transition layer is carried out in a vacuum heating furnace by heating and maintaining, and the heating and maintaining temperature is 300-500 °C. 3. Hf-BHfN-BHfNC composite coating cutter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation of BHfN coating selects high-purity elemental boron, elemental hafnium as radio frequency target material, and the mixed gas of logical nitrogen and argon, The mass fraction ratio of nitrogen and argon is 1:5, the deposition pressure is 0.6-1.0Pa, and the thickness of the deposited BHfN coating is 0.5-0.8μm. 4. Hf-BHfN-BHfNC composite coating cutter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the preparation of BHfNC coating selects boron carbide, elemental hafnium as radio frequency target material for use, the mixed gas of logical nitrogen and argon, deposition temperature When the temperature is 350-450 °C, the thickness of the deposited BHfNC coating reaches 0.5-1.0 μm.

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