CN109439948A - A kind of nanometer fining agent and preparation method thereof for aluminium alloy - Google Patents
A kind of nanometer fining agent and preparation method thereof for aluminium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN109439948A CN109439948A CN201811564942.7A CN201811564942A CN109439948A CN 109439948 A CN109439948 A CN 109439948A CN 201811564942 A CN201811564942 A CN 201811564942A CN 109439948 A CN109439948 A CN 109439948A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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Abstract
The nanometer fining agent and preparation method thereof that the present invention relates to a kind of for aluminium alloy；The nanometer fining agent is that nano-ceramic powder and aluminium powder are obtained diameter in the Filamentous fining agent of 2-3mm by ball milling-compacting-sintering-- second extrusion forming of first time extrusion forming mode, the fining agent can effectively prevent the agglomeration of common nanometer powdery fining agent, there is preferable thinning effect to aluminium alloy, using simple, conveniently.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nanometer of fining agents more particularly to a kind of for the nanometer fining agent of aluminium alloy and its preparation side
Method.
Background technique
Aluminium and its alloy are due to resourceful, specific strength specific stiffness is high, processing performance is good, corrosion-resistant, highly conductive, high
The advantages that thermally conductive and recovery utilization rate is high, is industrially widely used.Crystal grain refinement is to obtain high-quality aluminium ingot, improvement
One of the important means of aluminium quality, the comprehensive mechanical property for improving aluminium and processing performance.
Salt fining agent and Master alloy refiners are common two classes fining agents in current founding aluminium.Salt fining agent by
It is poor in its long-term effect and have corrosiveness to circuit components, just gradually replaced the latter.In Master alloy refiners compared with
It common are two class intermediate alloy of Al-Ti-B and Al-Ti-C, such as the Chinese invention patent of Publication No. CN106756276A
" a kind of cast aluminium alloy gold Al-Ti-B-Y-Ce fining agent and its preparation method and application " and Publication No.
The Chinese invention patent " a kind of Al-Ti-C-Sr composite crystal grain fining agent, alloy and preparation method thereof " of CN108411139A.Before
Person applies the most extensive in the industrial production, for some aluminium and aluminium alloy with good grain refining effect, but due to
There are TiB for the fining agent2Particle easily assemble and easily by the elements such as Zr, Cr, Mn micro in molten aluminum " poisoning " the problem of, so that aluminium is existed
Easily occur the defects of pin hole, fracture when rolling, and intermediate alloy is easily made grain refining effect decay occur.
Additional Second Phase Particle promotes the method for heterogeneous forming core refinement crystal grain because it has both ease for operation and property easy to control
It is constantly subjected to extensive concern.But additional Second Phase Particle is often dystectic ceramic phase, is general with molten metal wetability difference
Store-through the problem of.Such as a kind of Chinese invention " in-situ endogenic nanometer NbB2 particle refinement of Publication No. CN108085528A
And the method for reinforced aluminium alloy " it is using NdB2 ceramic particle come refining aluminum alloy, the invention is in order to solve the ceramics being added
The Problem of Wettability of grain refiner and metal is in (3c) step of claim 1 by the way of ultrasonic treatment；Except this
Except there are also other document reports improve the method for wetability there are also blowing processes, in situ fusing rapid solidification method, high-energy ball milling method
Deng.As it can be seen that needing additional operating procedure and corresponding equipment to improve ceramics when using ceramic phase particles refining aluminum alloy
Mutually with the wetability of metal, use is more inconvenient, is unfavorable for promoting and applying.
Summary of the invention
First technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of nano particle not for the status of the prior art
Nanometer fining agent easy to reunite and easy to use.
Second technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of preparation method of aforementioned nanometer fining agent.
The technical scheme of the invention to solve the technical problem is:
Preparation method of this kind for the nanometer fining agent of aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1. the nano-ceramic powder by partial size less than 200nm is prepared in proportion with aluminium powder；
2. the powder of step 1. is carried out ball milling, it is uniformly mixed it, obtains mixed powder；
3. the mixed powder of step 2. is carried out vacuum bakeout；
4. mixed powder to be pressed into cylindrical green body；
5. the green body suppressed is sintered；
6. carrying out first time extrusion forming after green body is preheated for the first time, bar is obtained；
7. carrying out second of extrusion forming after second of bar is preheated, the silky nano for obtaining diameter in 2~3mm is refined
Agent.
Preferably, the Ball-milling Time of the step 2. is 5h~8h.
Preferably, the vacuum degree of the vacuum bakeout of the step 3. is < 0.01 atmospheric pressure, and temperature is 100 DEG C~110 DEG C,
Baking time is 1h~2h.
Preferably, the pressing pressure of the step 4. is 100MPa~150MPa, and further preferably blank diameter 55 ±
1mm。。
Preferably, the sintering temperature of the step 5. is 550~600 DEG C, and sintering time is 5h~8h.
Further, the step 5. and 6. between increase step turning: the billet surface sintered is subjected to turning, is gone
Removing oxide layer, the blank diameter after turning are 50 ± 0.5mm.
Preferably, the squeeze pressure of the first time extrusion forming of the step 6. is 80~100MPa, extrusion speed 0.5
~2mm/s.
Preferably, the 80~100MPa of squeeze pressure, 1~3mm/s of extrusion speed of the step 7. second of extrusion forming.
Preferably, the preheating temperature of the first time preheating of the first time extrusion forming of the step 6. is 300-400 DEG C, in advance
The hot time is 3~5h；The preheating temperature of the step 7. second of preheating of second extrusion forming is 300-400 DEG C, preheating
Time is 1~3h.
Preferably, bar is straightened before second of extrusion forming for the ease of second of extrusion forming.
Preferably, the nano-ceramic powder is in AlN, TiN, TiC, SiC, WC, Al4C3, B4C, ZrB2, TiB, Al2O
Any one.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the preparation of the nano-ceramic powder and aluminium powder is 1:9~1:3.
The invention also includes the nanometer fining agents using preparation method above-mentioned preparation.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: the present invention has used ball when preparing this kind of nanometer fining agent
Mill mixing nano-ceramic powder and aluminium powder, improve the wetability of nano particle；And the present invention has carried out extrusion forming twice,
On the one hand nano-ceramic particle is distributed more uniform in fining agent, avoids the generation reunited；On the other hand also make nanometer
Interface cohesion between ceramic particle and aluminium is even closer, and wetability further increases, to the thinning effect of aluminium alloy also into one
Step enhancing；In addition, when using this kind of nanometer fining agent, since the preferable alloy form of wetability, and form has been made
Upper is also filiform easy to use, makes it possible to and is added by way of being directly added into casting ladle or feeding silk, easy to use,
Can preferably it be applied in industry production.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
By it is a kind of add TiN Φ 3mm silky nano fining agent preparation process for technical solution of the present invention into
Row detailed description.
1. the TiN nano powder and aluminium powder by diameter less than 200nm are configured in the ratio of 1:9.
2. the powder prepared is carried out ball milling, it is uniformly mixed it, Ball-milling Time is in 6h.
3. uniformly mixed powder is dried in the vacuum drying oven that vacuum degree < 0.01 atmospheric pressure and temperature are 100 DEG C
It is roasting, baking time 1.5h.
4. the powder mixed to be pressed into cylindrical green body, blank diameter 55mm under 100MPa pressure.
5. the green body suppressed is sintered at 550 DEG C, sintering time 5h.
6. the billet surface sintered is carried out turning, removing oxide layer is removed, the blank diameter after turning is 50mm.
7. the good green body of vehicle is then carried out first time extrusion forming, squeeze pressure in 350 DEG C of preheating 3h
100MPa, extrusion speed 1mm/s, the diameter of rod obtained after extruding are 15mm.
8., in 350 DEG C of preheating 2h, then carrying out second of extrusion forming, squeeze pressure after the alignment of above-mentioned bar
80MPa, pressing speed 3mm/s, extrusion ratio 25 obtain diameter in the silky nano fining agent of 3mm after extruding.
Using the TiN silky nano fining agent, Mahle142 piston is closed by way of being directly added into casting ladle or feeding silk
Gold is refined, and primary silicon is in small bulk after refinement, and primary silicon size mostly drops to 10-30 μm by original between 50-70 μm
Between, mechanical property is increased to 310MPa or more by original 265MPa.
Using the TiN silky nano fining agent, ZL109 aluminium alloy is carried out by way of being directly added into casting ladle or feeding silk
Refinement, primary silicon is in small bulk after refinement, and primary silicon average-size drops to 15-25 μm by original 50-70 μm, room temperature mechanical property
300MPa or more can be increased to by original 260MPa.
Using the TiN silky nano fining agent, to transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy by way of being directly added into casting ladle or feeding silk
Mahle145 (silicon mass percentage is 14%~16%) is refined, and primary silicon is in small bulk after refinement, and primary silicon is average
Size drops to 20-40 μm by original 70~80 μm, and ambient temperature mechanical properties are increased to 280MPa or more by original 250MPa.
Embodiment 2:
By it is a kind of add SiC Φ 2mm silky nano fining agent preparation process for technical solution of the present invention into
Row detailed description.
1. the SiC nano powder and aluminium powder by diameter less than 200nm are configured in the ratio of 1:3.
2. the powder prepared is carried out ball milling, it is uniformly mixed it, Ball-milling Time is in 8h.
3. uniformly mixed powder is dried in the vacuum drying oven that vacuum degree < 0.01 atmospheric pressure and temperature are 100 DEG C
It is roasting, baking time 2h.
4. the powder mixed to be pressed into cylindrical green body, blank diameter 55mm under 100MPa pressure.
5. the green body suppressed is sintered at 550 DEG C, sintering time 8h.
6. the billet surface sintered is carried out turning, removing oxide layer is removed, the blank diameter after turning is 50mm.
7. the good green body of vehicle is then carried out first time extrusion forming, squeeze pressure in 300 DEG C of preheating 5h
100MPa, extrusion speed 1mm/s, the diameter of rod obtained after extruding are 15mm.
8., in 300 DEG C of preheating 1h, then carrying out second of extrusion forming, squeeze pressure after the alignment of above-mentioned bar
100MPa, extrusion speed 3mm/s, extrusion ratio 25 obtain diameter in the silky nano fining agent of 2mm after extruding.
Using the SiC silky nano fining agent, Mahle142 piston is closed by way of being directly added into casting ladle or feeding silk
Gold is refined, and primary silicon is in small bulk after refinement, and primary silicon size mostly drops to 15~30 μ by original between 50~70 μm
Between m, mechanical property is increased to 310MPa or more by original 265MPa.
Using the SiC silky nano fining agent, ZL109 aluminium alloy is carried out by way of being directly added into casting ladle or feeding silk
Refinement, primary silicon is in small bulk after refinement, and primary silicon average-size drops to 15~25 μm by original 50~70 μm, room temperature mechanics
Performance is increased to 300MPa or more by original 260MPa.
Using the SiC silky nano fining agent, to transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy by way of being directly added into casting ladle or feeding silk
Mahle145 (silicon mass percentage is 14%~16%) is refined, and primary silicon is in small bulk after refinement, and primary silicon is average
Size drops to 20~40 μm by original 70~80 μm, and ambient temperature mechanical properties are increased to 280MPa or more by original 250MPa.
Embodiment 3:
By it is a kind of add TiC Φ 3mm silky nano fining agent preparation process for technical solution of the present invention into
Row detailed description.
1. the TiC nano powder and aluminium powder by diameter less than 200nm are configured in the ratio of 1:5.
2. the powder prepared is carried out ball milling, it is uniformly mixed it, Ball-milling Time is in 6h.
3. uniformly mixed powder is dried in the vacuum drying oven that vacuum degree < 0.01 atmospheric pressure and temperature are 110 DEG C
It is roasting, baking time 1h.
4. the powder mixed to be pressed into cylindrical green body, blank diameter 55mm under 150MPa pressure.
5. the green body suppressed is sintered at 580 DEG C, sintering time 6h.
6. the billet surface sintered is carried out turning, removing oxide layer is removed, the blank diameter after turning is 50mm.
7. the good green body of vehicle is then carried out first time extrusion forming, squeeze pressure in 400 DEG C of preheating 3h
80MPa, extrusion speed 2mm/s, the diameter of rod obtained after extruding are 15mm.
8., in 400 DEG C of preheating 3h, then carrying out first time extrusion forming, squeeze pressure after the alignment of above-mentioned bar
100MPa, extrusion speed 3mm/s, extrusion ratio 25 obtain diameter in the silky nano fining agent of 3mm after extruding.
Using the TiC silky nano fining agent, Mahle142 piston is closed by way of being directly added into casting ladle or feeding silk
Gold is refined, and primary silicon is in small bulk after refinement, and primary silicon size mostly drops to 15~30 μ by original between 50~70 μm
Between m, mechanical property is increased to 310MPa or more by original 265MPa.
Using the TiC silky nano fining agent, ZL109 aluminium alloy is carried out by way of being directly added into casting ladle or feeding silk
Refinement, primary silicon is in small bulk after refinement, and primary silicon average-size drops to 15~25 μm by original 50~70 μm, room temperature mechanics
Performance is increased to 300MPa or more by original 260MPa.
Using the TiC silky nano fining agent, to transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy by way of being directly added into casting ladle or feeding silk
Mahle145 (silicon mass percentage is 14%~16%) is refined, and primary silicon is in small bulk after refinement, and primary silicon is average
Size drops to 20~40 μm by original 70~80 μm, and ambient temperature mechanical properties are increased to 280MPa or more by original 250MPa.
The technical means disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited only to technological means disclosed in above embodiment, further includes
Technical solution consisting of any combination of the above technical features.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art
For, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also considered as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of the nanometer fining agent for aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1. the nano-ceramic powder by partial size less than 200nm is prepared in proportion with aluminium powder；
2. the powder of step 1. is carried out ball milling, it is uniformly mixed it, obtains mixed powder；
3. the mixed powder of step 2. is carried out vacuum bakeout；
4. mixed powder to be pressed into cylindrical green body；
5. the green body suppressed is sintered；
6. carrying out first time extrusion forming after green body is preheated for the first time, bar is obtained；
7. carrying out second of extrusion forming after second of bar is preheated, diameter is obtained in the silky nano fining agent of 2~3mm.
2. the preparation method of the nanometer fining agent according to claim 1 for aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that: the step
3. vacuum bakeout vacuum degree be < 0.01 atmospheric pressure, temperature be 100 DEG C~110 DEG C, baking time be 1h~2h.
3. the preparation method of the nanometer fining agent according to claim 1 for aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that: the step
4. pressing pressure be 100MPa~150MPa.
4. the preparation method of the nanometer fining agent according to claim 1 for aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that: the step
5. sintering temperature be 550~600 DEG C, sintering time be 5h~8h.
5. the preparation method of the nanometer fining agent according to claim 1 for aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that: the step
6. first time extrusion forming squeeze pressure be 80~100MPa, extrusion speed be 0.5~2mm/s.
6. the preparation method of the nanometer fining agent according to claim 6 for aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that: the step
7. the squeeze pressure of second of extrusion forming is 80~100MPa, extrusion speed is 1~3mm/s.
7. the preparation method of the nanometer fining agent according to claim 7 for aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that: the step
6. first time extrusion forming first time preheating preheating temperature be 300-400 DEG C, preheating time be 3~5h；The step
7. the preheating temperature of second of preheating of second of extrusion forming is 300-400 DEG C, preheating time is 1~3h.
8. the preparation method of the nanometer fining agent according to claim 1 for aluminium alloy, it is characterised in that: the nanometer
Ceramic powder is AlN, TiN, TiC, SiC, WC, Al4C3、B4C、ZrB2、TiB、Al2Any one in O.
9. special according to claim 1 to the preparation method for the nanometer fining agent for being used for aluminium alloy described in 8 any claims
Sign is: the mass ratio of the preparation of the nano-ceramic powder and aluminium powder is 1:9~1:3.
10. a kind of nanometer fining agent using the preparation method preparation described in claim 1 to 9.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110343892A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-10-18 | 飞而康快速制造科技有限责任公司 | A kind of WCp/ Al composite material and preparation method |
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