CN109418126A - A kind of culture medium of chrysanthemum pear cultivation and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of culture medium of chrysanthemum pear cultivation and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109418126A CN109418126A CN201710518383.5A CN201710518383A CN109418126A CN 109418126 A CN109418126 A CN 109418126A CN 201710518383 A CN201710518383 A CN 201710518383A CN 109418126 A CN109418126 A CN 109418126A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses culture medium of a kind of chrysanthemum pear cultivation and preparation method thereof, the culture medium includes 32~35 parts of peat, 10~12 parts of stalk, 30~35 parts of river sand, 9~12 parts of edible mushroom waste residue, 10~15 parts of peanut shell, 12~25 parts of fowl and animal excrement of fermentation, 0.01~0.03 part of plant growth regulator, 25~35 parts of silkworm excrement and 3~5 parts of bagasse.The preparation method of the culture medium, includes the next steps: stalk, peanut shell and bagasse being carried out half charing process, peat, river sand and silkworm excrement are crushed；Previous step raw material, edible mushroom waste residue and fermentation fowl and animal excrement are mixed；Plant growth regulator is uniformly mixed with 1:100 ratio and water, is sprayed on culture medium mixture；Culture medium is carried out disinfection processing, is then dried.Medium Proportion of the invention is reasonable, it is at low cost, cultivated suitable for various plants and quick growth of plant can be effectively facilitated, its preparation process is simple and feasible, can effectively improve plant culture survival rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to culture mediums of a kind of plant culture and preparation method thereof, and in particular to Huanghua Pear culture medium and its system
Preparation Method.
Background technique
Huanghua Pear is also known as dalbergia odorifera, belongs to Papilionaceae, Dalbergia.Huanghua Pear is deciduous tree, sets high 10~25m, most
The big diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is more than 60cm, and the wide umbrella shape of tree crown, branch is more, and side shoot is sturdy, bark ecru.Huanghua Pear is that China is most common
Precious redwood kind is Chinese Second Class Key Protected Plant, very high as timber and medical value, is the treasure being worthy to be popularized very much
Your tree species.
Currently, with the development of society, the mankind are gradually increased the demand of plant.Plant main application can be summarized as
Timber, medicinal, fragrance, carving handicraft article etc., but it is often limited by external environment, and the speed of growth is slow, growth rate
Be difficult to keep up with the paces of people's demand, such as Huanghua Pear needs decades just to grow up to, especially Huanghua Pear must plant 60 years or even
Upper a century is just really become a useful person.Under normal conditions, we can improve external environment by artificial mode to promote plant
Growth, such as: artificially applying fertilizer, aerosol spray, soil improvement etc., and the mode of plant absorption nutrition is in addition to through Foliage Absorption,
The overwhelming majority still absorbs nutrition and moisture in soil by powerful root system, therefore improveing soil is to promote plant growth most
Effective method.In general production process, people impose appropriate nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer work often through by a variety of matrix progress mixture again
For plant culture, though nutrition needed for plant can be provided, match coarse, service efficiency is low, survival rate is low, slow growth and
The cultivation of most plants cannot be applicable in, therefore, formulation science rationally, the culture medium of high-efficiency environment friendly, improve plant culture survival rate,
It can promote quick growth of plant and can be widely applied to the cultivation of various plants, have for people's lives extremely heavy
The meaning wanted.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide culture mediums of a kind of chrysanthemum pear cultivation and preparation method thereof, are asked with solving above-mentioned technology
Topic.
The invention is achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
The culture medium of chrysanthemum pear cultivation of the present invention, the culture medium include the culture base of following parts by weight
Material: 32~35 parts of peat, 10~12 parts of stalk, 30~35 parts of river sand, 9~12 parts of edible mushroom waste residue, 10~15 parts of peanut shell, hair
12~25 parts of ferment fowl and animal excrement, 0.01~0.03 part of plant growth regulator, 25~35 parts of silkworm excrement, 3~5 parts of bagasse.The training
Support peat in base has many advantages, such as light, water holding, breathes freely and is rich in organic matter as Nutrition Soil, then cooperates corresponding proportion
River sand, stalk, edible mushroom waste residue, peanut shell and bagasse, while being aided with fowl and animal excrement and phosphorus element-containing containing abundant nitrogen
The ingredients such as silkworm excrement made from plant culture, in conjunction with plant growth regulator, plant when plant growth regulator cuttage
Take root and play a significant role, right plant cell division, the branch of cuttage, which is taken root, to be played an important role so that fertility it is sufficient,
Fertilizer efficiency is long, can not only reduce the generation of pest and disease damage and peculiar smell, also enhances the disease resistance and anti-adversity ability of plant, improves plant
Rooting rate.Wherein, it using river sand as filler, can not only improve soil texture, improve the gas permeability of soil, prevent plant new
It is rotten for taking root, and is conducive to the formation of root system, and the raw materials such as stalk, edible mushroom waste residue, peanut shell, bagasse are that agricultural is useless
Material, can effectively promote plant growth using culture medium made from above-mentioned agricultural residue and can be widely applied to plant culture
Field, this is the effective waste material using agricultural, promotes recycling for agricultural resource and provides scientific basis.In addition, training
The raw material sources supported in base are abundant, cheap, advantageously reduce cultivation cost.
The perlite that parts by weight are 3~8 parts is further comprised in the culture medium raw material, now with treasure in appropriate proportions
Zhu Yan can play transformation soil texture, adjust soil hardening, prevent crops from lodging, and the gas permeability for the matrix that has additional nutrients
And water imbibition, fertilizer efficiency needed for plant and fertilizer degree are efficiently controlled, quick growth of plant is promoted.
The culture medium raw material further includes the medical stone that parts by weight are 5~10 parts, is removed in medical stone containing convention member
Element be it is outer, also containing the microelements such as zinc, iron, selenium, copper, facilitation is played to the growth and breeding of Huanghua Pear.
In the culture medium raw material, stalk can for rice husk, plant stem, plant tendril it is one or more.
In order to make the nitrogen being rich in the raw materials such as stalk, peanut shell, bagasse in culture medium, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and organic
The nutritional ingredients such as matter can quickly be absorbed by Huanghua Pear, to promote the fast-growth of plant, preferentially use partial carbonization stalk, half carbon
Change peanut shell and the edible mushroom waste residue through everfermentation.Wherein, simple partial carbonization side can be used in partial carbonization stalk, partial carbonization peanut shell
Method carries out partial carbonization processing to raw materials such as stalk, peanut shells, and concrete operations are as follows: by stockpiles such as stalk, peanut shells in ground,
It is covered tightly again with matrix after lighting, top covers one layer of thin soil again and carries out smoldering, and raw material is made to fade to brown.In addition, can
Selection ferments edible mushroom waste residue under higher temperature conditions, by the simple organic matter of moldy metamorphism easy in substance point
Solution recycling, guarantees the stable chemical performance of matrix, concrete operations are as follows: by waste edible fungus slag muck product and covering plastic cloth, makes heap
Temperature rises to 45-65 DEG C, is then supplied oxygen by turning or ventilation, carries out moisturizing in due course to ensure suitable temperature, mends
Nitrogen charging fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, after a period of time temperature drop to room temperature is sufficient.
The silkworm excrement first carries out fermentation 30~60 days, then carries out mixed fermentation 5~10 days with fermented livestock excrement.Silkworm excrement
Rich in organic matter, ash content, N and P element, these elements are elements necessary to plant growth, are mixed with fermented livestock excrement
Fermentation is closed, is made in fermentation material rich in elements such as N, P and K.
The temperature stability contorting of the culture medium be 25-30 DEG C, intensity of illumination be 1500~5000lux, humidity be 60~
80%, Huanghua Pear shoot growth needs stringent temperature, illumination and humidity regulation, and illumination is too strong, keeps branch withered or even dead,
Intensity of illumination is low, is unfavorable for photosynthesis, unfavorable to growing, and keeps certain humidity, utilizes plant absorption moisture.
The culture medium preparation method of plant culture of the present invention includes the following steps: to deploy culture medium raw material, described
Culture medium raw material may include the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 32~35 parts of peat, 10~12 parts of stalk, river sand 30~
35 parts, 9~12 parts of edible mushroom waste residue, 10~15 parts of peanut shell, fermentation 12~25 parts of fowl and animal excrement, plant growth regulator 0.01
Stalk, peanut shell and bagasse are carried out half charing process, by peat, river by~0.03 part, 25~35 parts of silkworm excrement and bagasse
Husky and silkworm excrement is crushed, and raw material particle size is 2~20mm after preferably crushing；By processed raw material, edible mushroom waste residue and fermentation
Fowl and animal excrement is mixed, uniform stirring, and culture medium mixture is made；Plant growth regulator is mixed with 1:100 ratio and water
It closes uniformly, is sprayed on culture medium mixture, is sufficiently mixed culture medium mixture and plant growth regulator, culture medium is mixed
It closes and expects the processing that carries out disinfection, culture medium finished product is made after dry.
In addition, since stalk, peanut shell, river sand, peat and edible mushroom waste residue in culture medium raw material etc. is containing more
Microorganism and bacterium easily infect plant and cause damages.Therefore, it is necessary to carry out disinfection to culture medium mixture, Gao Meng can be used
The disinfectants such as sour potassium, formalin or pentachloronitrobenzene preferentially use 0.5% potassium permanganate solution come the processing that carries out disinfection
Culture medium mixture is sufficiently sprayed at normal temperature, is carried out disinfection.
Culture medium of the invention, proportion is rationally, nutrition is balanced, cultivate suitable for most plants and to be effectively facilitated plant fast
Fast-growing is long, and its preparation process is simple and feasible, can effectively improve plant culture survival rate.Using culture substrate of the present invention
Plant cuttage cultivation is carried out, the plant quality of production is good, and the production cycle, survival rate reached 85 from cuttage by harvesting only 80~90 days
~92%, greatly improve plant propagation competitiveness.
Specific embodiment
In order to which the technological means for implementing the present invention is apparent to, the present invention is done further combined with specific embodiments below
It illustrates.
Embodiment 1
Culture medium (culture medium 1) includes the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 32 parts of peat, 12 parts of stalk, river sand 30
Part, 11 parts of edible mushroom waste residue, 11 parts of peanut shell, fermentation 12 parts of fowl and animal excrement, 0.01 part of plant growth regulator, 25 parts of silkworm excrement and
3 parts of bagasse.Culture medium preparation method, comprising the following steps: silkworm excrement is first carried out fermentation 30 days, then raiseeed with fermentation by the first step
Poultry manure carry out mixed fermentation 5 days, by stalk, peanut shell and bagasse carry out half charing process, by peat, river sand and silkworm excrement into
Row, which crushes, makes raw material particle size 10mm；Second step, by previous step processing raw material, edible mushroom waste residue and fermentation fowl and animal excrement into
Row mixing, stirs evenly, and culture medium mixture is made；Third step mixes plant growth regulator with 1:100 ratio and water
It is even, it is sprayed on culture medium mixture, is sufficiently mixed culture medium mixture and plant growth regulator, the 4th step uses
0.5% potassium permanganate solution carries out disinfection processing to above-mentioned culture medium mixture, then carries out the mixture after disinfection
It is dry.
Cuttage cultivation is carried out to Hainan Huanghua Pear and Vietnam's Huanghua Pear fringe bar using above-mentioned technological means, respectively with 100 fringes
Item uses culture medium 1 respectively and normal soil carries out cuttage cultivation, collecting sample after growth 30 days, to Hainan Huanghua Pear and Vietnam
The survival rate of Huanghua Pear, averagely degree of increasing, average diameter thickening and average root coefficient mesh are compared, as a result such as table 1.
1 different substrates cuttage cultivation plant growth effect of table compares
As seen from Table 1, cuttage cultivation is carried out to Hainan Huanghua Pear and Vietnam's Huanghua Pear fringe bar with culture medium 1, Hainan is yellow
Flower pears survival rate is 89%, the 5cm that averagely grows tall, diameter are averaged, and thickening 0.4cm, average root coefficient mesh are 24, Vietnam's Huanghua Pear
Survival rate is 90%, the 6cm that averagely grows tall, diameter are averaged thickening 0.3cm, average root coefficient mesh are 26.And with normal soil pair
Hainan Huanghua Pear and Vietnam's Huanghua Pear fringe bar carry out cuttage cultivation, and Hainan Huanghua Pear survival rate is the 55%, 2cm that averagely grows tall, straight
Be averaged thickening 0.1cm, average root coefficient mesh of diameter is 14, and Vietnam's Huanghua Pear survival rate is the 53%, 2cm that averagely grows tall, diameter is flat
Equal thickening 0.1cm, average root coefficient mesh are 13.
Embodiment 2
Culture medium includes the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 35 parts of peat, 10 parts of stalk, 35 parts of river sand, edible mushroom
12 parts of waste residue, 10 parts of peanut shell, fermentation 25 parts of fowl and animal excrement, 0.03 part of plant growth regulator, 35 parts of silkworm excrement, 3 parts of bagasse
With 5 parts of perlite.The culture medium preparation method, comprising the following steps: the first step, silkworm excrement first carry out fermentation 60 days, then with fermentation
Feces of livestock and poultry carries out mixed fermentation 8 days, stalk, peanut shell and bagasse is carried out half charing process, by peat, river sand, silkworm excrement
Crush with perlite and makes raw material particle size 20mm；Second step, by the raw material of previous step processing, edible mushroom waste residue and fermentation fowl
Animal manure is just mixed, and is stirred evenly, and culture medium mixture is made；Third step, by plant growth regulator with 1:100 ratio and
Water is uniformly mixed, and is sprayed on culture medium mixture, is sufficiently mixed culture medium mixture and plant growth regulator, and the 4th
Step carries out disinfection processing to above-mentioned culture medium mixture using 0.5% potassium permanganate solution, then by the mixing after disinfection
Material is dried.
Embodiment 3
Culture medium includes the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 33 parts of peat, 11 parts of stalk, 32 parts of river sand, edible mushroom
10 parts of waste residue, 13 parts of peanut shell, fermentation 20 parts of fowl and animal excrement, 0.02 part of plant growth regulator, 30 parts of silkworm excrement, 4 parts of bagasse
With 5 parts of medical stone.The culture medium preparation method, comprising the following steps: the first step, silkworm excrement first carry out fermentation 40 days, then with fermentation
Feces of livestock and poultry carries out mixed fermentation 10 days, stalk, peanut shell and bagasse is carried out half charing process, by peat, river sand, silkworm excrement
Crush with medical stone and makes raw material particle size 15mm；Second step, by the raw material of previous step processing, edible mushroom waste residue and fermentation fowl
Animal manure is just mixed, and is stirred evenly, and culture medium mixture is made；Third step, by plant growth regulator with 1:100 ratio and
Water is uniformly mixed, and is sprayed on culture medium mixture, is sufficiently mixed culture medium mixture and plant growth regulator, and the 4th
Step carries out disinfection processing to above-mentioned culture medium mixture using 0.5% potassium permanganate solution, then by the mixing after disinfection
Material is dried.
Embodiment 4
Culture medium includes the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 34 parts of peat, 10 parts of stalk, 34 parts of river sand, edible mushroom
9 parts of waste residue, 14 parts of peanut shell, fermentation 23 parts of fowl and animal excrement, 0.02 part of plant growth regulator, 33 parts of silkworm excrement, 3 parts of bagasse,
8 parts and 10 parts of medical stone of perlite.The culture medium preparation method, comprising the following steps: the first step, silkworm excrement first carry out fermentation 50
It, then carried out mixed fermentation 9 days with fermented livestock excrement, stalk, peanut shell and bagasse are subjected to half charing process, by mud
Charcoal, river sand, silkworm excrement and medical stone, which crush, makes raw material particle size 18mm；Second step, by the raw material of previous step processing, edible mushroom
Waste residue and fermentation fowl and animal excrement are mixed, and stir evenly, culture medium mixture is made；Third step, by plant growth regulator
It is uniformly mixed with 1:100 ratio and water, is sprayed on culture medium mixture, fills culture medium mixture and plant growth regulator
Point mixing, the 4th step carry out disinfection processing to above-mentioned culture medium mixture using 0.5% potassium permanganate solution, then general
Mixture after disinfection is dried.
Embodiment of above is only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and not to limit it, and those skilled in the art should manage
Solution, is not departing from the purpose and scope of the invention, can be with modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention are made,
It should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of culture medium of chrysanthemum pear cultivation, it is characterised in that: the culture medium includes the culture base of following parts by weight
Material: 32~35 parts of peat, 10~12 parts of stalk, 30~35 parts of river sand, 9~12 parts of edible mushroom waste residue, 10~15 parts of peanut shell, hair
12~25 parts of ferment fowl and animal excrement, 0.01~0.03 part of plant growth regulator, 25~35 parts of silkworm excrement, 3~5 parts of bagasse.
2. the culture medium of chrysanthemum pear cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the culture medium raw material further includes weight
Measure the perlite that number is 3~8 parts.
3. the culture medium of chrysanthemum pear cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the culture medium raw material further includes
The medical stone that parts by weight are 5~10 parts.
4. the culture medium of chrysanthemum pear cultivation described in any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: the stalk is
One of rice husk, plant stem, plant tendril are a variety of.
5. the culture medium of chrysanthemum pear cultivation described in any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: the silkworm excrement
It first carries out fermentation 30~60 days, then is carried out mixed fermentation 5~10 days with fermented livestock excrement.
6. the culture medium of chrysanthemum pear cultivation described in any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: the edible mushroom
Waste residue is the edible mushroom waste residue of fermentation.
7. the culture medium of chrysanthemum pear cultivation described in any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: the culture medium
Raw material particle size is 2~20mm.
8. the culture medium of chrysanthemum pear cultivation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature of the culture medium stablizes control
It is made as 25-30 DEG C, intensity of illumination is 1500~5000lux, and humidity is 60~80%.
9. the culture medium preparation method of chrysanthemum pear cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: specific preparation step is such as
Under:
1) feedstock processing: stalk, peanut shell and bagasse are subjected to half charing process, peat, river sand and silkworm excrement are crushed；
2) it mixes: the raw material of step 1) preparation, edible mushroom waste residue and fermentation fowl and animal excrement being mixed, uniform stirring is made
Culture medium mixture；
3) it sprays: plant growth regulator being uniformly mixed with 1:100 ratio and water, is sprayed on culture medium mixture, makes to train
It supports base mixture and plant growth regulator is sufficiently mixed；
4) it sterilizes: culture medium prepared by step 3) being carried out disinfection processing, is then dried.
10. the culture medium preparation method of chrysanthemum pear cultivation according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: at normal temperature, use
0.5% potassium permanganate solution sprays culture medium mixture, carries out disinfection.
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| CN103641600A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-19 | 贵港市科隆农林高新技术开发有限公司 | Agilawood cultivation medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN103636476A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-19 | 贵港市科隆农林高新技术开发有限公司 | Culture medium for chrysanthemum pear cultivation and preparation method thereof |
| CN103641598A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-19 | 贵港市科隆农林高新技术开发有限公司 | Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation medium and preparation method thereof |
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2017
- 2017-06-29 CN CN201710518383.5A patent/CN109418126A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103641600A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-19 | 贵港市科隆农林高新技术开发有限公司 | Agilawood cultivation medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN103636476A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-19 | 贵港市科隆农林高新技术开发有限公司 | Culture medium for chrysanthemum pear cultivation and preparation method thereof |
| CN103641598A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-19 | 贵港市科隆农林高新技术开发有限公司 | Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation medium and preparation method thereof |
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