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CN109155452A - 具有高热导率和高表面积的高频天线结构 - Google Patents

具有高热导率和高表面积的高频天线结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109155452A
CN109155452A CN201780030174.4A CN201780030174A CN109155452A CN 109155452 A CN109155452 A CN 109155452A CN 201780030174 A CN201780030174 A CN 201780030174A CN 109155452 A CN109155452 A CN 109155452A
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dispenser
antenna
low heat
attenuation
high frequency
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CN109155452B (zh
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马修·大卫·罗米格
罗伯特·克莱尔·凯勒
李明
唐逸麒
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Texas Instruments Inc
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Germany Stock Co Ltd Of Texas Instrument
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/02Arrangements for de-icing; Arrangements for drying-out ; Arrangements for cooling; Arrangements for preventing corrosion
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2039Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating characterised by the heat transfer by conduction from the heat generating element to a dissipating body
    • H05K7/20409Outer radiating structures on heat dissipating housings, e.g. fins integrated with the housing
    • H05K7/20418Outer radiating structures on heat dissipating housings, e.g. fins integrated with the housing the radiating structures being additional and fastened onto the housing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2283Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles mounted in or on the surface of a semiconductor substrate as a chip-type antenna or integrated with other components into an IC package
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061Two dimensional planar arrays
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02Details
    • H05K1/0201Thermal arrangements, e.g. for cooling, heating or preventing overheating
    • H05K1/0203Cooling of mounted components
    • H05K1/0204Cooling of mounted components using means for thermal conduction connection in the thickness direction of the substrate
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K13/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or adjusting assemblages of electric components
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2039Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating characterised by the heat transfer by conduction from the heat generating element to a dissipating body
    • H05K7/20509Multiple-component heat spreaders; Multi-component heat-conducting support plates; Multi-component non-closed heat-conducting structures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/06Thermal details
    • H05K2201/066Heatsink mounted on the surface of the printed circuit board [PCB]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

在所描述实例中,一种散热天线(320)包含结合到高频天线或天线阵列(112)的低衰减热量散布器(202)。集成电路(100)包含无线集成电路芯片(108)。所述散热天线(320)耦合到所述无线集成电路芯片(108)。

Description

具有高热导率和高表面积的高频天线结构
技术领域
本发明大体涉及一种用于高频无线电子电路的天线,且更确切地说,涉及一种有助于从具有天线的高频电子电路(例如,用于移动应用的高频电子电路)的除热的散热天线。
背景技术
高频集成电路(例如,在基带、射频和功率放大器中的高频集成电路)的功率密度正随着高频集成电路(例如,用于无线应用的高频集成电路)中的几何尺寸按比例调整得越来越小而在增大。增大的功率密度导致增大的热密度,从而需要将热量散布器附接到无线芯片以消散热量,以便保持无线芯片在安全热范围内操作。
一些无线芯片(例如,在例如5G无线通信的移动应用中)可在操作期间产生大量热量,且需要附接热量散布器以消散热量。然而,无线芯片也可能需要附接的天线阵列以广播和接收无线信号。这些天线阵列可阻挡热量散布器(散热器)可附接到的区域。
在图1A中,天线阵列112覆在无线集成电路芯片114上。天线阵列112通常阻挡散热器附接到无线集成电路芯片114的顶部侧。
图1B展示具有上覆天线阵列112的高频集成电路100的放大横截面图。无线芯片104和108以及其他高频组件106和110附接到例如集成电路板的衬底102。天线阵列112覆在高频集成电路组件104、106、108和110上。可以是高频芯片(例如,基带芯片或RF芯片)的无线集成芯片104和108可在操作期间产生大量热量以用高频信号(千兆赫范围)对天线阵列112供电。
当常规热量散布器120(图C)直接附接到天线阵列112时,天线的增益(从天线发射或由天线检测的高频无线信号的强度)严重降级。直接结合到天线阵列112的平行散热片铜热量散布器120将天线增益减小大于50%(在32GHz的频率下,从约16dB到约7.6dB)。
出于此原因,如在图1C中所说明,热量散布器120通常只附接到衬底102的背侧,且不直接附接到顶侧上的天线112。
发明内容
在所描述实例中,一种散热天线包含结合到高频天线或天线阵列的低衰减热量散布器。
在另外描述的实例中,一种集成电路包含无线集成电路芯片和耦合到所述无线集成电路芯片的散热天线。
在其它描述的实例中,散热天线是通过从具有高热导率的介电材料形成低衰减热量散布器且将其结合到高频天线来形成。
附图说明
图1A(现有技术)是耦合到高频集成电路的天线阵列的平面图。
图1B(现有技术)是耦合到高频集成电路的天线阵列的横截面。
图1C(现有技术)是具有耦合到衬底的常规热量散布器的天线阵列的横截面。
图2A到2C是实例低衰减热量散布器设计的说明。
图3A到3C是实例散热天线设计的说明。
图4是耦合到高频集成电路芯片的顶侧的散热天线和耦合到衬底的常规热量散布器的横截面。
图5是耦合到高频集成电路芯片的顶侧的散热天线和耦合到衬底的低衰减热量散布器的横截面。
图6是根据实施例的在形成具有低衰减热量散布器的高频天线中的步骤的流程图。
具体实施方式
图式未按比例绘制。可在无具体细节中的一或多个的情况下或通过其它方法实践实例实施例。在一些实例中,未详细展示已知结构或操作。实例实施例不受动作或事件的说明排序限制,因为一些动作或事件可以按不同次序和/或与其它动作或事件同时发生。此外,并不需要所有所说明的动作或事件来实施根据实例实施例的方法。
实例实施例包括具有高增益且具有高热消散的高频天线。可通过使用具有高热导率的介电材料来创造低衰减热量散布器。这些低衰减热量散布器可结合到高频天线或高频天线阵列以形成具有高增益的散热天线。
具有高热导率的介电材料(例如,氮化铝(AlN)、氧化铝(Al2O3)和氧化铍(BeO))可形成为仅稍微衰减天线增益的热量散布器。表1是铝加若干介电材料连同其热导率的列表。
可按多种设计来制造低衰减热量散布器。说明性实例设计展示于图2A、2B和2C中。
图2A说明平板低衰减热量散布器200设计。图2B说明平行散热片低衰减热量散布器202。图2C说明平行柱阵列294低衰减热量散布器。还可设计其它低衰减热量散布器结构。
低衰减热量散布器200、202和204可结合到如图3A、3B和3C中所展示的天线阵列112以形成散热天线300、302和304。将低衰减热量散布器结合到天线阵列112的一个方法是使用导热环氧树脂。散热天线300、302和304广播且检测具有高增益的高频信号,并且还有效地从散热天线耦合到的高频集成电路消散热量。
表2展示低衰减热量散布器112对16×16天线阵列的天线增益的影响。表2中的低衰减热量散布器的材料为氮化铝。如表2中所展示,与将天线增益减小大于50%的常规金属热量散布器大不相同,低衰减热量散布器将天线增益减小几个百分比。
如图4中所展示,散热天线302可耦合到高频集成电路100,例如,基带、射频和功率放大器集成电路。实例散热天线302显著改善从下面集成电路100的除热。
如图5中所展示,低衰减热量散布器202还可结合到衬底102供增强型热消散。在一些应用中,热量散布器(附接到衬底102)可有利地为非金属且低衰减的。
图6是用于形成具有低衰减热量散布器的高频天线的方法的流程图。
在步骤600中,提供高频天线。
在步骤602中,低衰减热量散布器由具有高热导率的介电材料(例如,氮化铝、氧化钡和碳化硅)形成。
在步骤604中,使用导热粘结剂(例如,导热环氧树脂)将低衰减热量散布器耦合到高频天线的前侧。
在步骤606中,作出关于低衰减热量散布器是否将仅耦合到高频天线的前侧或是否低衰减热量散布器也将耦合到背侧的决策。如果低衰减热量散布器将仅耦合到前侧,那么所述方法继续进行到步骤612且终止。
然而,如果第二低衰减热量散布器将耦合到高频天线的背侧,那么所述方法继续进行到步骤608以形成第二低衰减热量散布器,并且然后继续进行到步骤610以在步骤612处的终止前将第二低衰减热量散布器附接到高频天线的背侧。
在权利要求书的范围内,对所描述实施例的修改是可能的,并且其它实施例是可能的。

Claims (20)

1.一种散热天线,其包括:
高频天线;以及
低衰减热量散布器,其结合到所述高频天线。
2.根据权利要求1所述的天线,其中所述低衰减热量散布器由选自包括以下各者的群组的介电材料构成:氮化铝、氧化铍、氧化铝、碳化硅和氮化硼。
3.根据权利要求1所述的天线,其中所述低衰减热量散布器由氮化铝构成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的天线,其中所述天线为天线阵列。
5.根据权利要求1所述的天线,其中所述低衰减热量散布器用传导性环氧树脂结合到所述高频天线。
6.根据权利要求1所述的天线,其中所述低衰减热量散布器是平行板低衰减热量散布器。
7.根据权利要求1所述的天线,其中所述低衰减热量散布器是平板低衰减热量散布器。
8.一种集成电路,其包括:
集成电路IC,其包含高频无线IC芯片;以及
散热天线,其耦合到所述高频无线IC芯片且覆在所述高频无线IC芯片上。
9.根据权利要求8所述的集成电路,其中所述散热天线包含低衰减热量散布器,所述低衰减热量散布器由选自包括以下各者的群组的电介质构成:氮化铝、氧化铍、氧化铝、碳化硅和氮化硼。
10.根据权利要求9所述的集成电路,其中所述低衰减热量散布器是平行散热片热量散布器。
11.根据权利要求9所述的集成电路,其中所述低衰减热量散布器是平板热量散布器。
12.根据权利要求8所述的集成电路,其中所述集成电路进一步包含所述高频无线IC芯片和安装于电路板上的其它电组件,且其中所述散热天线覆在所述集成电路板上且耦合到所述集成电路板。
13.根据权利要求8所述的集成电路,其进一步包含耦合到集成电路板且在所述集成电路板下的低衰减热量散布器。
14.根据权利要求8所述的集成电路,其中所述散热天线是散热天线阵列。
15.一种形成散热天线的方法,其包括:
形成高频天线;
形成具有高热导率的介电材料的低衰减热量散布器;以及
将所述低衰减热量散布器耦合到所述高频天线的至少前侧。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其中所述介电材料选自包括氮化铝、氧化铍、氧化铝、碳化硅和氮化硼的群组。
17.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其进一步包括使用导热环氧树脂将所述低衰减热量散布器耦合到所述天线。
18.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其中所述高频天线为高频天线阵列。
19.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其中所述低衰减热量散布器是平行散热片低衰减热量散布器。
20.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其进一步包括形成第二低衰减热量散布器,且将所述第二低衰减热量散布器耦合到所述高频天线的背侧。
CN201780030174.4A 2016-05-24 2017-05-24 散热天线、包括散热天线的集成电路及形成散热天线的方法 Active CN109155452B (zh)

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