CN1088720A - 在蜂窝过区切换期间传真数据丢失减到最小 - Google Patents
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Abstract
公开一种在基地中的移动台在蜂窝过区切换期
间减少数据丢失的方法,这种方法通过传真适配器
(13a或106a)检测从发送传真机来的行结束信号,
缓冲(13b或106b)随后的传真信息,和发送填充比
特代替EOL和缓冲的信息。
Description
本发明涉及通信系统,特别是涉及蜂窝通信系统。
蜂窝通信系统是大家所共知的。典型地,这种系统由许多小区和许多蜂窝电话机(通信单元)组成的,每个小区有一个服务复盖范围。相邻小区的服务复盖范围可以以提供基本上连续的复盖区域的方法安排为部分重叠,在该复盖区域中通信单元从一个小区接收业务可以被过区切换到一个相邻的小区而为中断业务。在可以欧洲电信标准协会(ETSI)得到的GSM建议所说明的集团专用移动(GSM)的泛欧数字蜂窝系统就是这种系统的例子,引用在此供参考。
收发信机基站(BTS)提供小区的无线电复盖。典型BTS和移动通信单元(或移动台)(MS)之间的通信是使用临时指定的支持在BTS通信处理的一对频率(发和收)的一部分进行的。
指定用在远地点的频率对一般称为无线电信道。在无线电信道的下行传输(从BTS到MS)是的频率对的第一频率进行的。在无线电信道的上行传输(从MS到BTS)是在该频率对的第二频率进行的。
在GSM系统内MS和BTS之间的非话音信号(例如传真或数字据)的交换也是公知的。这种交换是从所周知的,而且可以在已确定的程序下(见GSM建议3.45关于包含MS的三类传真机的传输)实现。
GSM建议3.45提供一个装置,允许传真机与它接口并通过大不相同的蜂窝网络发送信息信号。GSM建议提出的不同点的范围从用于PSTN信道的传真机与包括差错倾向的空中接口的蜂窝网络的基本不同的信令规程到传真信号的模拟特性与GSM提供的数字信道。
根据GSM的建议,传真机的信令规程由连接该传真机到该移动台的传真机适配器变换为GSM兼容的格式。在移动传真机与PSTN传真机接口的情况下,在蜂窝/PSTN接口还需要一个规程变换器。因而传真机用于经过PSTN信道进行工作,GSM规的传真机适配器同样便于使用GSM蜂窝网络提供的通信信道。
一旦传真呼叫已建立,传真数据的逐行传输就可以开始。根据CCITT建议T.4,本个传真行厅以在5毫秒或5秒长内传送。如果实际的传输时间少于5毫秒那么可以加上填充比特使时间增加到5毫秒。如果传输时间长于5秒,那么接收的传真机可以确定有错误并断开。
当由GSM建议3.45建立的过程可以正常工作时,问题发生在BTS中的一个MS的过区切换期间。在BTS之间的一个MS的过区切换期间,一般200毫秒的信号中断是常见的。如果传真正在发送而且出现过区切换,那么可能丢失40行的传真信息。由于GSM建议3.45没有作出避免由于过区切换引起的数据丢失的规定,在传真呼叫的图象转移阶段期间过区切换时信息可能被丢失。由于文件传真传输的重要性,在蜂窝的过区切换期间需要一种避免数据丢失的方法。
在移动蜂窝传真传输中一种减少数据丢失的方法,该方法包括检测过区切换和在过区切换之后先监视EOL的步骤。在过区切换之后先检测EOL时,该方法包括检测缓冲传真信息和传送填充比特。当检测过区切换完成后,该方法包括在先进先出的基础上传送缓冲和信息。
图1包括有单个BTS和三个MS的蜂窝通信系统。
图2包括有一个适配器和传真机的MS的方框图。
图3包括MSC内的适配器功能的方框图。
在过区切换期间数据丢失问题的解决办法从概念上讲在于检测转交命令的接收,监视从传真机来的逻辑数据中断(例如行结束字符),和在过区切换完成之前延迟传输传真信息和EOL字符,在过区切换期间通过传输包含“0”和“填充”字符来保持通信信道。传真机来的输出字符被缓冲,在过区切换完成后再传输。
在图1中所表示的是根据本发明的蜂窝系统概况。在这样的系统中包括许多收发信机(101至103),一起构成一个收发信机基站(BTS)(100),一个基地点控制器(BSC)(104),和一个移动系统控制器(BSC)(105)。在该蜂窝系统(100)中还有许多移动站(MS)(200,201和202)。
通过互连传真适配器和传真机,通信系统(图1)的MS(200,201和202)可适配于收发传真信息。在图2中表示的是MS(200,201和202)(每个MS简要在画在虚线10内,包括方块11和12),一个传真适配器(13a)和一个传真(14)。所示的传真适配器(13a)有一个存贮缓冲器(13b)和具有一个输入的时间值(例如500ms)的定时器(13c)。
MS(200,201和202)的每一个被画成(10)有一个控制器(11)和收发信机(12)。根据本发明,在控制器(11)内提供一个输入/输出端口用于在传真适配器(13)和控制器(11)之间交换数据/控制信息。
在MS(200,201和202)与BTS(100)之间的业务信道(TCH)建立之后,通过一个MS(200,201或202)在传真机之间的通信对该MS(200,201和202)基本上是透明的。该传真机(14)的输出信号表示由一系列可变长度的码字组成的传真文件的每一行。这种可变长度的码字在传真适配器(13)中被变换为数字格式并由MS(200,201或202)直接发送。
每个码字(例如CCITT建议T4的表/1T4和2/T4)可以全白或全黑图象象素交替的行程长度的形式代表一行的一部分的图象信息象素可为1728单元长。每行以独特的行结束(EOL)码字终止,该码字在有效的数据行中是不会出现的,当传真文件的行内容在少于最小扫描时间(例如少于5ms)内被传送的情况下,则通过使用填充比特(由可变长度的零串组成)加在间隙。文件的结束用传输六个连续的EOL与接收的传真机通信。
根据本发明传真适配器(13a)通过互连的MS(200,201或202)从BTS(100)接收控制信息。与传真适配器(13a)通信的控制信息可以包括象断开信息,过区切换命令,过区切换完成等内容。
在传真适配器(13a)互连到发送传真机(14)和传真适配器(13a)从互连的MS(200,201或202)接收过区切换通知时,传真适配器起动定时器(13c)和开始监视传真机(14)输出信号的EOL码字。当收到从传真机(14)来的EOL码字时,传真适配器(13a)同时起动存贮缓冲器(13b)以记录传真机(14)的输出并开始通过MS(200,201或202)在TCH上传送填充比特。
在传真适配器(13a)传送填充比特是,该传真适配器(13a)继续监视互连的MS(200,201或202)来的控制信息。作为一个最佳的方法,MS(200,201或202)发送过区切换完成信息到目标BTS(100)以及传真适配器(13a)。当接收过区切完成信息时,传真适配器(13a)开始通过MS(200,201或202)在先进先出的基础上发送缓冲的信息。
以出现EOL之间,如果时间间隔(由定时器(13c)测量)超过阈值(输入的时间值)时,适配器(13c)继续发送传真信息而不中断(如果过区切换没有出现)。另一方面,如果适配器(13a)遇到EOL和开始缓冲与发送填充比特,而且在过区切换完成之前定时器(13c)超时,那么适配器(13a)就像它已收到过区切换完成信息那样进行运行。在这种情况下,当定时器(13c)期满时,如上所述,传真适配器(13a)开始在先进先出的基础上传输从缓冲器(13b)来的缓冲的信息。
举例来说,希望接入该系统发送传真文件的MS(200)扫描并识别BTS(100)的广播控制信道(BCCH)。MS(200)监视并检测规定传送接入请求的上行通信资源的信息(FN,NA和MAIO)。当传送接入请求时,MS(200)监视在下行主信道(f1)上公共控制信道(CCCH)的信道指定信息。
由于在GSM建议中规定,信道指定信息从BTS(100)到MS(200)进行通信。通过适当的编码,这些指定信息为用户MS(200)提供明确地确定BTS和MS之间信息可以进行交换的特定频率和时隙所必须的特别参数。
根据本发明,通信单元(200,201和202)和BTS(100)被构成用于交换信号,如上面所叙述的而且基本上如根据GSM所说明的那样。因此,通信单元(200,201和202)请求接入和被授予业务信道(TCH)基本上如根据GSM建议所说明的那样。
MS(200)的操作者可以输入目标传真机的电话号码,侦听传真音和起动人一机接口(MMI)按钮开始传真传输。另一种方法是,MS(200)的操作者可以输入电话号码到互连的传真机(14)和起动MMI按钮,从而通过传真适配器(13a)和MS(200)发送目标电话号码到该BTS(100)。
使用传真适配器(13a)产生通过MS(200)的接入请求可允许在蜂窝网络内特别性能的起动,如接入单工,单向业务信道。另一种方法是,操作者可以产生一个接入请求,与目标方会谈,然后起动传真适配器上的MMI按钮,因而产生通过传真适配器(13a)和MS(200)到BTS(100)的特别性能的单工TCH的请求。
如果在传真传输期间BSC(104)确定需要过区切换,那么BBC(104)发送过区切换命令到MS(200)。反过来MS(200)通过到传真适配器(13a)的I/O端口转发这种通知到传真适配器(13c)。当检测即将来临的过区切换时,传真适配器(13a)起动定时器(13c)并开始监视EOL。当检测EOL时传真适配器(13a)开始传送填充比特和在过区切换完成之前缓冲传真机(14)的输出,当过区切换完成(或定时器(13c)超时)时,传真适配器(13a)开始在先进先出的基础上传送缓冲器(13b)的内容。
在本发明的另一个实施例中,固定在传真适配器功能(106a,106b和106c)可装在与公共业务电话网(PSTN)接口的MSC(105)中。MSC(105)中的固定在适配器(106a)执行与移动的传真适配器(103a)用于PSTN系统内始发的传真一样的功能。
在从PSTN用户到MS(200,201或202)目标的TCH指定之后,当收到从PSTN接口来的传真音时固定的适配器(106a)可被起动。如正移动的适配器(13a)那样,固定适配器(106a)工作基本上对该系统是透明的,从PSTN接口接收传真信号和将该输入传真信号变换为可变长度的码字通过蜂窝系统(图3)的传输到目标MS(200,201或202)。
与固定适配器(106a)的一个预期的差别是固定原适配器(106a)通过MSC(105)从与连接目标MS(200,201是202)相关的BSC(104)接收控制信息。正如移动适配器(13a)那样,固定在适配器(106a)监视过区切换请求。当接收过区切换请求时,固定的适配器(106a)监视EOL,而当接收EOL时,在接收从PSTN信号源来的EOL码字之后中断传真信息的传输。正如移动适配器(13a)那样,固定的适配器(106a)缓冲接收的传真信息并发送填充比特。在从BSC(104)接收过区切换完成信息之前,填充比特从服务基地(100)和目标基地(100)同时被发送。
通过控制信息还把过区切换通知接收图象的固定的或移动适配器。该接收适配器可以接收在差错或无差错填充字符。在接收到差错的字符时,适配器将遇到无效的霍夫曼码(Huffman code),因此用填充字符替代差错码。
在另一个实施例中,本发明可以适用于通过终端适配器(13或106)有关接在MS(200,201或202)的数据终端(未画出)的非传真数据的交换(例如异步ASCII或IA5数据传输)。数据丢失的规定可以直接编入终端适配器(13或106)并在起动时由终端自动地开始或由MMI按钮的操作者起动。在任一情况下,当通知过区切换时发送终端适配器(13或106)将发送填充(停止)比特,和检测逻辑数据中断(例如当前字符传输完成),直到过区切换完成为止。在过区切换期间,终端适配器(13或106)应缓冲数据用于以后的传输,当过区切换完成时,终端适配器(13或106)应恢复正常的数据传输,如上所述。
在另一个实施例中,本发明可用在基于同步的HDLC的业务。如上所述,HDLC传输可以通过终端适配器(13或106)由与MS(200,201或202)互连的数据终端进行。在接收过区切换通知时,当检测到逻辑数据中断(例如当前帧结束时),在过区切换完成之前终端适配器(13或106)都发送填充比特(标志)。在过区切换完成之前终端适配器(13或106)将在存贮器(13b或106b)中缓冲数据。在过区切换完成之后终端适配器(13或106)恢复如上所述的传输。
在另一个实施例中,本发明可用于使用类似于GSM的交换规程的其它蜂窝系统,这种系统的例子包括美国数字蜂窝系统(U.S.Digtal Cellular),日本数字蜂窝系统(Japan Digital Cellular)等等。
Claims (18)
1、在移动蜂窝系统中,在数据传输期间一种减少数据丢失的方法,这种方法包括步骤:
A)检测过区切换;
B)在过区切换之后先监视逻辑数据的中断;
C)当检测逻辑数据中断后缓冲数据和发送填充比特;和
D)在检测过区切换完成后在先进先出的基础上发送缓冲的数据。
2、数据权利要求1的方法,其中检测过区切换的步骤还包括监视蜂窝系统控制命令的步骤。
3、根据权利要求1的方法,其中检测过区切换的步骤还包括起动定时器的步骤。
4、根据权利要求3的方法,其中在检测逻辑数据中断之前,在定时器内的定时器值超过阈值时省略步骤C和D。
5、根据权利要求1的方法,其中监视逻辑数据中断的步骤还包括检测从传真设备来的EOL的步骤。
6、根据权利要求1的方法,其中监视逻辑数据中断的步骤还包括检测从数据终端的字符传输完成的步骤。
7、根据权利要求1的方法,其中监视逻辑数据中断的步骤还包括检测从数据终端的HDLC帧的完成的步骤。
8、在移动蜂窝系统中,一种在数据传输期间减少数据丢失的装置,这种装置包括:
A)检测过区切换的装置;
B)在过区切换之后先监视逻辑数据中断的装置;
C)在检测逻辑数据中断后缓冲数据并发送填充比特的装置;和
D)在检测过区切换完成后在先进光出的基础上发送缓冲的信息的装置。
9、根据权利要求8的装置,其中检测过区切换的装置还包括监视蜂窝系统控制命令的装置。
10、根据权利要求8的装置,其中检测过区切换原装置还包括起动定时器的装置。
11、根据权利要求8的装置,还包括一个定时器,用于在过区切换之后先测量过区切换与EOL之间的时间间隔。
12、根据权利要求11的装置,还包括用于在检测逻辑数据中断之前当定时器内的定时器值超过阈值时禁止缓冲装置与发送装置的装置。
13、根据权利要求8的装置,其中缓冲传真信息与发送填充比特的装置还包括删除以传真传输来的EOL的装置。
14、根据权利要求8的装置,还包括MS和传真机之间互连的传真适配器。
15、根据权利要求8的装置,还包括MSC内的传真适配器功能。
16、根据权利要求8的装置,其中检测逻辑数据中断的装置还包括检测EOL的装置。
17、根据权利要求8的装置,其中检测逻辑数据中断的装置还包括检测当前字符完成的装置。
18、根据权利要求8的装置,其中检测逻辑数据中断的装置还包括检测当前帧完成的装置。
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US80813591A | 1991-12-16 | 1991-12-16 | |
US07/808,135 | 1991-12-16 |
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CN1088720A true CN1088720A (zh) | 1994-06-29 |
CN1030363C CN1030363C (zh) | 1995-11-22 |
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US (1) | US5561844A (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3378003B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR0129042B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1030363C (zh) |
AT (1) | AT400785B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU648444B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9205630A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2100662C (zh) |
CH (1) | CH689366A5 (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ281955B6 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE4294412T1 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK92093A (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2099661B1 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI933599A0 (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2686204B1 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB2268379B (zh) |
GR (1) | GR1001549B (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1000237A1 (zh) |
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NZ (1) | NZ244543A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL173965B1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2111613C1 (zh) |
SE (1) | SE517118C2 (zh) |
TR (1) | TR26354A (zh) |
TW (1) | TW215507B (zh) |
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WO2010063226A1 (zh) * | 2008-12-01 | 2010-06-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | 发送mbms业务数据的方法、设备及通信系统 |
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