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CN108812187A - A kind of crops seedling medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of crops seedling medium and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108812187A
CN108812187A CN201810535898.0A CN201810535898A CN108812187A CN 108812187 A CN108812187 A CN 108812187A CN 201810535898 A CN201810535898 A CN 201810535898A CN 108812187 A CN108812187 A CN 108812187A
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China
Prior art keywords
parts
seedling medium
cinder
earthworm
waste
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周海波
王兴刚
钱永梅
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/25Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to crops seedling-raising technique field, a kind of crops seedling medium and preparation method thereof is provided.The raw material of the seedling medium includes according to parts by weight:34-38 parts of organic waste, 10-15 parts of lignite, 12-16 parts of sludge, 10-14 parts of bentonite, 0.8-1.2 parts of ferment bacterium, 30-40 parts of surflaes, 6-10 parts of root-growing agent, 5-10 parts of cinder, 16-21 parts of deep layer pelinite, 8-15 parts of Waste compost, 6-12 parts of coco bran, 5-13 parts of mushroom slag and 15-21 parts of earthworm metabolin.This seedling medium can effectively facilitate crops nursery growth.Preparation method provided by the invention includes that after heat treatment co-grinding is mixed at particle, then with ferment bacterium and root-growing agent by organic waste, lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin.The preparation method is simple, is conducive to industrialized production.

Description

A kind of crops seedling medium and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to crops seedling-raising technique fields, in particular to a kind of crops seedling medium and its preparation Method.
Background technique
In recent years, seedling in greenhouse is carried out to crops and has become seedling raising manners more popular at present.As promotion The key factor of production quality, seedling medium using particularly significant.Generally, the function of seedling medium and soil compared with It is close;However, seedling medium can more promote plant strain growth than soil in terms of the nutrition of offer and environment.
Currently, rock wool and peat are as the most commonly used seedling medium, application range is very extensive.However, with two The usage amount of person goes up year by year, also brings many negative effects to society and ecological environment.Therefore, seek alternative above-mentioned educate The novel seedling medium of seedling matrix becomes current urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of crops seedling mediums and preparation method thereof, this crops seedling medium can So that crops is quickly formed intensive aerial part and flourishing root system, effectively facilitates crops nursery growth;It can also waste It recycles, has and save the advantages of fertilizer province medicine saves cost, increases yield and benefit.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of crops seedling medium, the preparation method technology letters Single, strong operability is conducive to industrialized production.
The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts the following technical solutions to realize.
A kind of crops seedling medium, is made of raw material, and according to parts by weight, raw material includes:Organic waste 34-38 Part, 10-15 parts of lignite, 12-16 parts of sludge, 10-14 parts of bentonite, 0.8-1.2 parts of ferment bacterium, 30-40 parts of surflaes, root-growing agent 6- 10 parts, 5-10 parts of cinder, 16-21 parts of deep layer pelinite, 8-15 parts of Waste compost, 6-12 parts of coco bran, 5-13 parts of mushroom slag and earthworm 15-21 parts of metabolin.
A kind of preparation method of such as above-mentioned crops seedling medium, which is characterized in that including:By organic waste, lignite, Sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are through 1000-1200 DEG C Co-grinding is mixed at particle, then with ferment bacterium and root-growing agent after 6-8min after heat treatment.
A kind of beneficial effect of crops seedling medium provided by the invention and preparation method thereof is:
A kind of crops seedling medium provided by the invention includes following raw material:Organic waste, lignite, sludge, swelling Soil, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin, ferment bacterium and root-growing agent.Wherein have Machine waste can be improved the fertility of soil, and the secondary use of waste can also play save the cost while reduces environment The effect of pollution;Lignite is capable of providing Organic Ingredients abundant;Being rich in sludge has microbe carrier;Bentonitic bonding and guarantor Water fertilizer-preserving ability is stronger;Surflaes has nutriment abundant;Cinder is capable of providing inorganic raw material;Deep layer pelinite has excellent Bond properties;The content of organic matter and nitrogen content of Waste compost are high;Coco bran excellent physico chemical absorbing ability with complicated With the active matrix of stronger buffer function;Mushroom slag can effectively improve soil;Earthworm metabolin is good decomposed manure Material, while being also the soil with crumb structure, there is preferable facilitation to crop growth;Ferment bacterium can generate more The effective microorganisms of kind catalytic decomposition acid;Root-growing agent can promote plant establishment.Wherein, according to parts by weight, organic waste Object is 34-38 parts, lignite is 10-15 parts, sludge is 12-16 parts, bentonite is 10-14 parts, ferment bacterium is 0.8-1.2 parts, residual Soil is 30-40 parts, root-growing agent is 6-10 parts, cinder is 5-10 parts, 16-21 parts of deep layer pelinite, 8-15 parts of Waste compost, coco bran 6- 12 parts, 5-13 parts of mushroom slag and 15-21 parts of earthworm metabolin.The formula rate design science cooperates between various raw materials Synergistic function can be played, using this proportion, nutritional ingredient and the active constituent interaction of various raw materials and supplement, Keep crops seedling culture matrix nutrition obtained balanced, water-retaining property and permeability are preferable, can be improved soil fertility, prevent soil solid Knot promotes plant growth.
A kind of preparation method of crops seedling medium provided by the invention, including by organic waste, lignite, sludge, Bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin heat treatment after co-grinding at Particle, then mixed with ferment bacterium and root-growing agent.The preparation method is technically simple, strong operability, is conducive to industrialized production.
Specific embodiment
It in order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention Technical solution be clearly and completely described.The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, according to normal conditions or manufacturer builds The condition of view carries out.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase Product.
A kind of crops seedling medium provided in an embodiment of the present invention and preparation method thereof is specifically described below.
A kind of crops seedling medium, is made of raw material, and according to parts by weight, raw material includes:Organic waste 34-38 Part, 10-15 parts of lignite, 12-16 parts of sludge, 10-14 parts of bentonite, 0.8-1.2 parts of ferment bacterium, 30-40 parts of surflaes, root-growing agent 6- 10 parts, 5-10 parts of cinder, 16-21 parts of deep layer pelinite, 8-15 parts of Waste compost, 6-12 parts of coco bran, 5-13 parts of mushroom slag and earthworm 15-21 parts of metabolin.
The selection of each raw material and proportion pass through scientific design, increase so as to cooperate between various raw materials and can play collaboration The effect of effect keeps crops seedling culture matrix nutrition obtained balanced, water-retaining property and permeability are preferable, can using this proportion It increases soil fertility, prevents soil consolidation, promote plant growth.
Further, inventor creatively invents, when organic waste is 35-37 parts, lignite is 11-14 parts, sludge For 13-15 parts, bentonite be 11-13 parts, ferment bacterium is 0.9-1.1 parts, surflaes is 32-38 parts, root-growing agent is 7-9 parts, cinder For 6-9 parts, deep layer pelinite be 17-20 parts, Waste compost is 9-14 parts, coco bran is 7-11 parts, mushroom slag is 6-12 parts and earthworm The growth promotion ability for the crops seedling medium that metabolin is prepared when being 16-20 parts is more preferable;Further, inventor creates It finds to the property made, when according to parts by weight, organic waste is 36 parts, lignite is 13 parts, sludge is 15 parts, bentonite 12 Part, ferment bacterium are 1 part, surflaes is 35 parts, root-growing agent is 8 parts, cinder is 8 parts, deep layer pelinite is 18 parts, Waste compost 13 When part, coco bran are 9 parts, mushroom slag is 8 parts and earthworm metabolin is 18 parts, the crops seedling medium being prepared has most For excellent function of promoting production.
Organic waste refers to quiet using rotten compost composite fermentation microbial inoculum progress aerobic high-heat is promoted after mixing, crushing The organic waste formed after state compost treatment.The organic waste had both avoided resource caused by organic waste arbitrarily abandons Waste and environmental pollution, and it is able to achieve cost-saving synergistic, soil improvement, realize the win-win of economic benefit and social environment benefit.And And organic waste is natural, safe material, will not generate poisonous and harmful substance in use.It should be noted that In the present embodiment, further, according to mass percent meter, organic waste includes feces of livestock and poultry 25%, and life is useless Gurry 75%.Wherein, feces of livestock and poultry refers mainly to a kind of solid waste from village generated in livestock and poultry breeding industry, including pig manure, cow dung, Sheep dung, chicken manure, duck excrement etc..Domestic refuse mainly includes house refuse 10%, stalk 40% and bacteria residue by mass percentage 50%.
The raw material proportioning and dosage of the selection of above-mentioned organic waste pass through Creative Design, phase interworking between various raw materials Synergistic effect can be played by closing, using this proportion, the active constituent interaction of various raw materials and supplement, more favorably In cost-saving synergistic and provide soil fertility.
It should be noted that above-mentioned lignite humic acid rich in, humic acid have the following advantages that:(1) stimulation life Reason metabolism.Humic acid contains various active functional gene, plant physiology can be stimulated to be metabolized, enhancing development.Such as humic acid energy Seed is promoted to germinate ahead of time, emergence rate is high;Stimulation seedling root of hair is fast, secondary root is more, and root amount increases;Crop is set to absorb moisture, support The ability of dividing increases.(2) change chemical fertilizer characteristic.Humic acid can make ammonium bicarbonate reduce the loss of ammoniacal nitrogen, improve the utilization rate of nitrogenous fertilizer;Energy Inhibit urine enzyme activity dynamic, reduces urea volatilization;Soil can be inhibited to water-soluble phosphorus fixation, promote absorption of the root system to phosphorus.Corruption is planted With slightly solubility microelement chelatropic reaction occurs for acid, to be conducive to root system and Foliage Absorption microelement.(3) soil knot is improved Structure.Humic acid can promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, adjust soil pH value, improve soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping ability, promote soil The activity of earth microorganism.(4) enhance adverse-resistant characteristic.Humic acid is mostly amphoteric colloid, and surface-active is big, has inhibition to make fungi With, the cold endudrance of crop can be enhanced, change cell membrane permeability, promote the absorption of inorganic nutrients, prevent rot disease, root rot, Reduce pest and disease damage.
The extremely complex heterogeneous body that sludge is made of organic debris, microorganism, inorganic particle, colloid etc..Sludge In containing the multiple pollutants substance such as pathogen, helminth (ovum), toxic organic matter, heavy metal, if its is untreated directly Discharge, can cause the negative effect that should not be overlooked to periphery ecological environment, people and animals and its crop;But meanwhile containing again in sludge The ingredients such as nutriments and microelement such as a large amount of organic substance, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, if which dictates that sludge is rationally utilized, It can turn waste into wealth, benefit agricultural and urban afforestation, this makes sludge have very high utility value.
Bentonite is the nonmetallic minerals using montmorillonite as main mineral constituent, is that a kind of claystone, also known as montmorillonite are glutinous Tu Yan.Bentonite has strong hygroscopicity and dilatancy, and the water of adsorbable 8~15 times of own vols, volume expansion is reachable Several times are to 30 times;It can be dispersed into as a form of gel and suspension in an aqueous medium, this medium solution has certain viscosity, thixotroping Property and lubricity;There is stronger cation exchange capacity (CEC);There is certain adsorption capacity to various gases, liquid, organic substance, most Big adsorbance is up to 5 times of itself weight;The admixture of it and water, mud or fine sand has plasticity and cohesiveness.And it is swollen Moistening soil is natural, safe material, will not generate poisonous and harmful substance in use.
Ferment bacterium mainly contains viable bacteria:Mainly have nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, saccharomycete, actinomyces, fungi and The beneficial flora of a variety of pairs of plants;Living matter:The living matter generated in fermentation process has measured 17 kinds of amino Sour 33 kinds of free amino acids, 12 kinds of fatty acid and a variety of enzymes, bio-hormone substance etc.;Wherein enzyme plays in vital movement Very important effect, without these enzymes, plant cannot grow;Containing 6 kinds of nonmetalloids and 20 kinds of metallic elements, they It is all closely related with the dynamic growth planted.Wherein 16 kinds of elemental carbons, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, cobalt, Chlorine, sulphur are nutrient and microelement necessary to plant growth;Organic matter therein can solve soil hardening and salinization of soil is asked Topic.
In order to facilitate understanding, surflaes preferably builds surflaes in the present embodiment.Surflaes complicated component is built, mainly includes Cement and brick.Exactly because but complicated ingredient, so that being also enriched in building surflaes, there are many nutriments, therefore, building The great utility value of surflaes.
Root-growing agent preferably includes in the present embodiment:Methyl α-naphthyl acetate and ferulic acid.The wherein quality of methyl α-naphthyl acetate and ferulic acid Than for:0.9-1.1:25-27.Wherein, methyl α-naphthyl acetate can increase tiller, improve the percentage of earbearing tiller and mass of 1000 kernel;Improve quality.Fruit tree promotees It blooms, anti-shedding, volume increase of accelerating the ripening.Melon-fruit-like vegetable prevents fallen flowers, forms small seed fruit.Ferulic acid has certain antibacterial function Energy.The root-growing agent obtained according to above-mentioned quality proportioning plays the effect of greatly facilitating in counterfoil growth course, can be effective Ground, which promotes to be used as, to root.
In daily life, cinder is thrown aside accumulation often as house refuse, so not only land occupation, but also Sulfurous gas pollution atmosphere can be released, endanger environment, in addition can spontaneous combustion it is on fire.However, cinder also has the advantages that many, example As cinder contains extremely more microelements, such as silica, aluminium oxide, iron oxide, calcium oxide, magnesia;Cinder is breathed freely It is permeable, and it is low in cost be easy to get, after high-temp combustion, substantially without germ remain.Further, in the present embodiment, cinder Partial size be 0.5-1.5mm.In the particle size range, cinder is compounded more preferably uniformly with other raw materials, active principle It can be fully played.
Deep layer pelinite has excellent bond properties.The content of organic matter and nitrogen content of Waste compost are high.It can be further Improve the physicochemical property of soil, increase soil organic matter content, promotes the formation and conversion of agron and granule group, mention High soil water-retaining performance and soil fertility promote crops erosion resistance and volume increase;Being excessively used for chemical fertilizer can be reduced simultaneously Cause many negative effects, such as soil property pollution, environmental pollution.Coco bran have complicated and excellent physico chemical absorbing ability and compared with The active matrix of strong buffer function can be used as important soil-less medium cultivation and be widely applied.Peat can even be substituted. Mushroom slag can effectively improve soil, activation Soil Microorganism enlivens rate, overcome soil hardening, increase soil air permeability; Water loss and evaporation are reduced, the pressure for mitigating arid, fertilizer conservation, chemical fertilizer is reduced, mitigates saline and alkaline damage;It increases soil fertility, makes Cereal crops, industrial crops, greengrocery, melon and fruit class are significantly increased production;Improve quality of agricultural product.Earthworm metabolin is good corruption Ripe organic fertilizer, while being also the soil with crumb structure, there is preferable facilitation to crop growth.
The preparation method of the crops seedling medium includes:By organic waste, lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, coal Slag, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm the metabolin 6-8min after 1000-1200 DEG C of heat treatment are mixed It is ground into particle.It should be noted that in the present embodiment, further, inventor creatively has found, when the partial size of particle When for 90-150 mesh, each raw material farthest can be contacted and be uniformly mixed, and obtained mixed effect is best.Then again with ferment Plain bacterium and root-growing agent mixing.It should be noted that in the present embodiment, influence of the pH value of seedling medium to crop is very big, Peracid or excessively alkali will lead to seedling medium and sour evil and salinization of soil occurs, and so as to cause FCR de-vitalizing seed, reduce germination percentage and emergence Rate.In the present embodiment, inventor creatively has found the nursery when the control of the pH value of seedling medium is 6.2-6.4 to crop Effect is best.
Feature and performance of the invention are described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
Prepare raw material:34 parts of organic waste, 10 parts of lignite, 12 parts of sludge, 10 parts of bentonite, 0.8 part of ferment bacterium, surflaes 30 parts, 6 parts of root-growing agent, 5 parts of cinder, 16 parts of deep layer pelinite, 8 parts of Waste compost, 6 parts of coco bran, 5 parts of mushroom slag and earthworm metabolism 15 parts of object.
Preparation method:First to organic waste, lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, useless bacterium Chaff, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are sieved, and the raw material screening less than 8 centimeters is stand-by out.By organic waste, Lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are respectively put into In proportioning machine, the ingredient proportion of above-mentioned raw materials is controlled by adjusting the flow of proportioning machine.Each proportioning machine is exported above-mentioned Raw material passes through conveyer respectively and conveys to be heat-treated into roller dryer, and the temperature of heat treatment is set as 1000 DEG C, mixing Object flows out automatically after rotating 8min in dryer.Mixture through Overheating Treatment is put into pulverizer after mixing evenly and carries out powder Broken processing smashes it through 90 meshes, to obtain the particle of 90 mesh, obtains the seedling medium that pH value is 6.2.
Embodiment 2
Prepare raw material:38 parts of organic waste, 15 parts of lignite, 16 parts of sludge, 14 parts of bentonite, 1.2 parts of ferment bacterium, surflaes 40 parts, 10 parts of root-growing agent, 10 parts of cinder, 21 parts of deep layer pelinite, 15 parts of Waste compost, 12 parts of coco bran, 13 parts of mushroom slag and earthworm 21 parts of metabolin.
Preparation method:First to organic waste, lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, useless bacterium Chaff, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are sieved, and the raw material screening less than 8 centimeters is stand-by out.By organic waste, Lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are respectively put into In proportioning machine, the ingredient proportion of above-mentioned raw materials is controlled by adjusting the flow of proportioning machine.Each proportioning machine is exported above-mentioned Raw material passes through conveyer respectively and conveys to be heat-treated into roller dryer, and the temperature of heat treatment is set as 1000 DEG C, mixing Object flows out automatically after rotating 8min in dryer.Mixture through Overheating Treatment is put into pulverizer after mixing evenly and carries out powder Broken processing smashes it through 90 meshes, to obtain the particle of 90 mesh, obtains the seedling medium that pH value is 6.2.
Embodiment 3
Prepare raw material:35 parts of organic waste, 11 parts of lignite, 13 parts of sludge, 11 parts of bentonite, 0.9 part of ferment bacterium, surflaes 32 parts, 7 parts of root-growing agent, 6 parts of cinder, 17 parts of deep layer pelinite, 9 parts of Waste compost, 7 parts of coco bran, 6 parts of mushroom slag and earthworm metabolism 16 parts of object.
Preparation method:First to organic waste, lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, useless bacterium Chaff, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are sieved, and the raw material screening less than 8 centimeters is stand-by out.By organic waste, Lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are respectively put into In proportioning machine, the ingredient proportion of above-mentioned raw materials is controlled by adjusting the flow of proportioning machine.Each proportioning machine is exported above-mentioned Raw material passes through conveyer respectively and conveys to be heat-treated into roller dryer, and the temperature of heat treatment is set as 1000 DEG C, mixing Object flows out automatically after rotating 8min in dryer.Mixture through Overheating Treatment is put into pulverizer after mixing evenly and carries out powder Broken processing smashes it through 90 meshes, to obtain the particle of 90 mesh, obtains the seedling medium that pH value is 6.2.
Embodiment 4
Prepare raw material:37 parts of organic waste, 14 parts of lignite, 15 parts of sludge, 13 parts of bentonite, 1.1 parts of ferment bacterium, surflaes 38 parts, 9 parts of root-growing agent, 9 parts of cinder, 20 parts of deep layer pelinite, 14 parts of Waste compost, 11 parts of coco bran, 12 parts of mushroom slag and earthworm generation Thank 20 parts of object.
Preparation method:First to organic waste, lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, useless bacterium Chaff, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are sieved, and the raw material screening less than 8 centimeters is stand-by out.By organic waste, Lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are respectively put into In proportioning machine, the ingredient proportion of above-mentioned raw materials is controlled by adjusting the flow of proportioning machine.Each proportioning machine is exported above-mentioned Raw material passes through conveyer respectively and conveys to be heat-treated into roller dryer, and the temperature of heat treatment is set as 1000 DEG C, mixing Object flows out automatically after rotating 8min in dryer.Mixture through Overheating Treatment is put into pulverizer after mixing evenly and carries out powder Broken processing smashes it through 90 meshes, to obtain the particle of 90 mesh, obtains the seedling medium that pH value is 6.2.
Embodiment 5
Prepare raw material:36 parts of organic waste, 13 parts of lignite, 15 parts of sludge, 12 parts of bentonite, 1 part of ferment bacterium, surflaes 35 Part, 8 parts of root-growing agent, 8 parts of cinder, 18 parts of deep layer pelinite, 13 parts of Waste compost, 9 parts of coco bran, 8 parts of mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin 18 parts.
Preparation method:First to organic waste, lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, useless bacterium Chaff, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are sieved, and the raw material screening less than 8 centimeters is stand-by out.By organic waste, Lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are respectively put into In proportioning machine, the ingredient proportion of above-mentioned raw materials is controlled by adjusting the flow of proportioning machine.Each proportioning machine is exported above-mentioned Raw material passes through conveyer respectively and conveys to be heat-treated into roller dryer, and the temperature of heat treatment is set as 1000 DEG C, mixing Object flows out automatically after rotating 8min in dryer.Mixture through Overheating Treatment is put into pulverizer after mixing evenly and carries out powder Broken processing smashes it through 90 meshes, to obtain the particle of 90 mesh, obtains the seedling medium that pH value is 6.2.
Embodiment 6
Prepare raw material:36 parts of organic waste, 13 parts of lignite, 15 parts of sludge, 12 parts of bentonite, 1 part of ferment bacterium, surflaes 35 Part, 8 parts of root-growing agent, 8 parts of cinder, 18 parts of deep layer pelinite, 13 parts of Waste compost, 9 parts of coco bran, 8 parts of mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin 18 parts.
Preparation method:First to organic waste, lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, Coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are sieved, and the raw material screening less than 8 centimeters is stand-by out.By organic waste, brown Coal, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are respectively put into and match In material machine, the ingredient proportion of above-mentioned raw materials is controlled by adjusting the flow of proportioning machine.The above-mentioned original that each proportioning machine is exported Material conveys by conveyer be heat-treated into roller dryer respectively, and the temperature of heat treatment is set as 1200 DEG C, mixture It is flowed out automatically after rotating 6min in dryer.Mixture through Overheating Treatment is put into pulverizer after mixing evenly to crush Processing, smashes it through 150 meshes, to obtain the particle of 150 mesh, obtains the seedling medium that pH value is 6.4.
Embodiment 7
Prepare raw material:36 parts of organic waste, 13 parts of lignite, 15 parts of sludge, 12 parts of bentonite, 1 part of ferment bacterium, surflaes 35 Part, 8 parts of root-growing agent, 8 parts of cinder, 18 parts of deep layer pelinite, 13 parts of Waste compost, 9 parts of coco bran, 8 parts of mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin 18 parts.
Preparation method:First to organic waste, lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, Coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are sieved, and the raw material screening less than 8 centimeters is stand-by out.By organic waste, brown Coal, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are respectively put into and match In material machine, the ingredient proportion of above-mentioned raw materials is controlled by adjusting the flow of proportioning machine.The above-mentioned original that each proportioning machine is exported Material conveys by conveyer be heat-treated into roller dryer respectively, and the temperature of heat treatment is set as 1100 DEG C, mixture It is flowed out automatically after rotating 7min in dryer.Mixture through Overheating Treatment is put into pulverizer after mixing evenly to crush Processing, smashes it through 100 meshes, to obtain the particle of 100 mesh, obtains the seedling medium that pH value is 6.3.
Comparative example 1
Prepare raw material:33 parts of organic waste, 16 parts of lignite, 11 parts of sludge, 15 parts of bentonite, 0.7 part of ferment bacterium, surflaes 41 parts, 5 parts of root-growing agent, 11 parts of cinder, 15 parts of deep layer pelinite, 16 parts of Waste compost, 5 parts of coco bran, 14 parts of mushroom slag and earthworm generation Thank 14 parts of object.
Preparation method:First to organic waste, lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, useless bacterium Chaff, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are sieved, and the raw material screening less than 8 centimeters is stand-by out.By organic waste, Lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are respectively put into In proportioning machine, the ingredient proportion of above-mentioned raw materials is controlled by adjusting the flow of proportioning machine.Each proportioning machine is exported above-mentioned Raw material passes through conveyer respectively and conveys to be heat-treated into roller dryer, and the temperature of heat treatment is set as 1000 DEG C, mixing Object flows out automatically after rotating 8min in dryer.Mixture through Overheating Treatment is put into pulverizer after mixing evenly and carries out powder Broken processing smashes it through 90 meshes, to obtain the particle of 90 mesh, obtains the seedling medium that pH value is 6.2.
Comparative example 2
Prepare raw material:39 parts of organic waste, 9 parts of lignite, 17 parts of sludge, 9 parts of bentonite, 1.3 parts of ferment bacterium, surflaes 29 Part, 11 parts of root-growing agent, 4 parts of cinder, 22 parts of deep layer pelinite, 16 parts of Waste compost, 13 parts of coco bran, 14 parts of mushroom slag and earthworm generation Thank 14 parts of object.
Preparation method:First to organic waste, lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, useless bacterium Chaff, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are sieved, and the raw material screening less than 8 centimeters is stand-by out.By organic waste, Lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are respectively put into In proportioning machine, the ingredient proportion of above-mentioned raw materials is controlled by adjusting the flow of proportioning machine.Each proportioning machine is exported above-mentioned Raw material passes through conveyer respectively and conveys to be heat-treated into roller dryer, and the temperature of heat treatment is set as 1000 DEG C, mixing Object flows out automatically after rotating 8min in dryer.Mixture through Overheating Treatment is put into pulverizer after mixing evenly and carries out powder Broken processing smashes it through 90 meshes, to obtain the particle of 90 mesh, obtains the seedling medium that pH value is 6.2.
Comparative example 3
Prepare raw material:36 parts of organic waste, 13 parts of lignite, 15 parts of sludge, 12 parts of bentonite, 1 part of ferment bacterium, surflaes 35 Part, 8 parts of root-growing agent, 8 parts of cinder, 18 parts of deep layer pelinite, 13 parts of Waste compost, 9 parts of coco bran, 8 parts of mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin 18 parts.
Preparation method:First to organic waste, lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, Coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are sieved, and the raw material screening less than 8 centimeters is stand-by out.By organic waste, brown Coal, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are respectively put into and match In material machine, the ingredient proportion of above-mentioned raw materials is controlled by adjusting the flow of proportioning machine.The above-mentioned original that each proportioning machine is exported Material conveys by conveyer be heat-treated into roller dryer respectively, and the temperature of heat treatment is set as 900 DEG C, and mixture exists It is flowed out automatically after rotating 9min in dryer.Mixture through Overheating Treatment is put into pulverizer after mixing evenly to carry out at crushing Reason, smashes it through 80 meshes, to obtain the particle of 80 mesh, obtains the seedling medium that pH value is 5.2.
Comparative example 4
Prepare raw material:36 parts of organic waste, 13 parts of lignite, 15 parts of sludge, 12 parts of bentonite, 1 part of ferment bacterium, surflaes 35 Part, 8 parts of root-growing agent, 8 parts of cinder, 18 parts of deep layer pelinite, 13 parts of Waste compost, 9 parts of coco bran, 8 parts of mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin 18 parts.
Preparation method:First to organic waste, lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, Coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are sieved, and the raw material screening less than 8 centimeters is stand-by out.By organic waste, brown Coal, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are respectively put into and match In material machine, the ingredient proportion of above-mentioned raw materials is controlled by adjusting the flow of proportioning machine.The above-mentioned original that each proportioning machine is exported Material conveys by conveyer be heat-treated into roller dryer respectively, and the temperature of heat treatment is set as 1300 DEG C, mixture It is flowed out automatically after rotating 5min in dryer.Mixture through Overheating Treatment is put into pulverizer after mixing evenly to crush Processing, smashes it through 160 meshes, to obtain the particle of 160 mesh, obtains the seedling medium that pH value is 7.8.
Test example 1
(1) experimental material:What the seedling medium and reference examples 1-4 for taking same amount of embodiment 1-7 to be prepared provided Seedling medium, rice paddy seed.
(2) experimental group:The embodiment 1-7 of the acquirement seedling medium being prepared and reference examples 1-4 are prepared It is experimental group 1-11 that seedling medium is numbered respectively.
(3) experiment process method:
11 seedling-cultivation plates are designed, the area of each seedling-cultivation plate is 58cm × 28cm × 3cm, and seedling is placed in each seedling region Stromal thickness is 2.5cm, after being uniformly sown into the good millet of vernalization, covering seedling stromal thickness 0.5cm, application rate 60g gulch/ Disk, about 3000 seeds.It using dry rice seedling mode seedling, that is, is sprinkled profoundly water before broadcasting, keeps wet before emerging, matrix is whitened after emergence It is preceding not water.After the completion of sowing, seedling disk is placed in 20 DEG C of greenhouses, without using any within 30 days nursery growth periods Chemical fertilizer, the growth and development of seed fully rely on the seedling medium of experimental group 1-11 offer to provide nutrition.
(4) observation index:
Mainly Seedling Quality in Rice is evaluated from the following aspect:Emergence rate, chlorophyll content, seedling vigorous index.
Emergence rate:Emergence rate is that seed breaks ground the percentage of emergence rate and seed sum, in the seedling of each processing after 30 days The earthwork of (non-seedling disk) interception 10cm × 10cm, counts survival seedling quantity, calculates the ratio of survival seedling quantity and seed amount in disk Value, is repeated 3 times.
Chlorophyll content is with MLNOLTA SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter on-site measurement and records, chlorophyll meter SPAD-502 detection range 3mm × 2mm, most thick 1.2mm.
Seedling vigorous index:(stem thickness/plant height+root dry weight/overground part dry weight) × complete stool dry weight.
The results are shown in Table 1 for the nursery index of experimental group 1-11:
The nursery index of 1 experimental group 1-11 of table
Group number 30 days emergence rates Chlorophyll content (SPAD) Seedling vigorous index (× 1000)
Experimental group 1 96.9 26.2 9.8
Experimental group 2 97.4 27.6 10.8
Experimental group 3 97.8 27.4 11.9
Experimental group 4 98.2 27.9 12.8
Experimental group 5 99.5 28.2 12.9
Experimental group 6 99.2 29.0 14.1
Experimental group 7 99.8 29.2 14.2
Experimental group 8 92.1 22.1 4.5
Experimental group 9 91.3 20.0 4.0
Experimental group 10 80.3 16.2 3.6
Experimental group 11 90.5 21.7 4.1
As shown in Table 1, experimental group 1-7 emergence rate after 30 days and seedling vigorous index and chlorophyll content are above reality Test a group 8-11.Experimental group 8 and 9 is compared with experimental group 1-7, and the raw material of seedling medium is identical, and making step is identical, each raw material Proportion illustrates organic waste, lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, ferment not in range provided in an embodiment of the present invention Plain bacterium, root-growing agent, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coco bran, the quality proportioning of mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin are to nursery obtained The nutrient content of matrix have larger impact, and organic waste, lignite, sludge, bentonite, surflaes, cinder, ferment bacterium, Root-growing agent, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coco bran, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin mass ratio be 36:13:15:12:35:8: 1:8:18:13:9:8:The nursery effect for the seedling medium being prepared when 18 is preferable.And each raw material simultaneously play it is coordinated Effect, indispensable, nutrition general equilibrium can sufficiently improve the permeability and water-retaining property of soil, promote paddy growth.And And it makes use of municipal refuses, turn waste into wealth, and solve asking for city environmental pollution while production cost is greatly saved Topic.For experimental group 10 and 11 compared with experimental group 1, each raw material and each raw material proportioning are identical, involved in preparation step Parameters are different, illustrate using the nursery being prepared in parameter area involved by preparation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention The nursery effect of matrix is preferable.
Test example 2
The physical and chemical parameter for the seedling medium that Example 5 and comparative example 4 provide, the results are shown in Table 2:
The physical and chemical parameter for the seedling medium that 2 embodiment 5 of table and comparative example 4 provide
As shown in Table 2, rice seedling likes Acid soil.Because on the one hand basic soil can inhibit turning for soil nutrient Change, the validity of especially phosphorus and microelement will receive larger impact;On the other hand, basic soil also will affect root enzyme Physiological activity weakens rice shoot to the absorption function of nutrient.But the soil of peracid can also be easy to cause seedling medium that acid evil occurs, To reduce germination percentage and emergence rate.The pH of embodiment 5 is 6.3, is more advantageous to the growth of crop rice shoot.The conductivity institute of matrix What is reflected is the total amount of soluble nutrient in matrix.If matrix conductivity is too high, excessive nutrient is just not easy to be protected by matrix It holds, to cause nutrient and be lost and waste, more seriously also results in the appearance of burn seedlings phenomenon, seeding ratio can substantially drop It is low.The conductivity of embodiment 5 is 1.82, lower compared to the conductivity 2.27 of comparative example 4, therefore, the crop preferably of embodiment 5 Nursery.Nitrogen, the phosphorus of organic can have long-term effect with slow release, and potassium can be improved absorption and utilization of the plant to nitrogen, and There is positive effect to new root.The full nitrogen of embodiment 5, full phosphorus, full potassium content be much higher than comparative example 4, it is clear that embodiment 5 It is more advantageous to plant growth.Organic matter passes through biodegrade mostly, and the cation exchange capacity of matrix can be improved, and improves matrix pair The buffer capacity of soda acid provides the active site of nutrient exchange and absorption, therefore organic matter is an important finger of matrix fertility Mark.As known from Table 2, the contained organic matter of comparative example 4 is lower than embodiment 5, therefore the nursery of the crop preferably of embodiment 5.Corruption is planted Influence of the acid to crop has been described above, it is clear that in this experimental example, the humic acid content of embodiment 5 is higher therefore more suitable For crop seedling.The bulk density of embodiment 5 is less than comparative example 4, compared to comparative example 4, operation of the embodiment 5 more to rice transplanting machinery Load is smaller.
In conclusion crops seedling medium provided by the invention and preparation method thereof can be such that crops are quickly formed intensively Aerial part and flourishing root system, effectively facilitate crops nursery growth;Can also refuse reclamation, have save fertilizer save medicine section The advantages of cost-saving, increase yield and benefit.
Embodiments described above is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Reality of the invention The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but is merely representative of selected implementation of the invention Example.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts Every other embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of crops seedling medium, which is characterized in that be made of raw material, according to parts by weight, the raw material includes:It is organic 34-38 parts of waste, 10-15 parts of lignite, 12-16 parts of sludge, 10-14 parts of bentonite, 0.8-1.2 parts of ferment bacterium, surflaes 30-40 Part, 6-10 parts of root-growing agent, 5-10 parts of cinder, 16-21 parts of deep layer pelinite, 8-15 parts of Waste compost, 6-12 parts of coco bran, mushroom slag 5-13 Part and 15-21 parts of earthworm metabolin.
2. crops seedling medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that according to parts by weight, the organic waste Object is 35-37 parts, the lignite is 11-14 parts, the sludge is 13-15 parts, the bentonite is 11-13 parts, the ferment Bacterium is 0.9-1.1 parts, the surflaes is 32-38 parts, the root-growing agent is 7-9 parts, the cinder is 6-9 parts, the deep layer glue Soil is 17-20 parts, the Waste compost is 9-14 parts, the coco bran is 7-11 parts, the mushroom slag is 6-12 parts and the earthworm Earthworm metabolin is 16-20 parts.
3. crops seedling medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that according to parts by weight, the organic waste Object is 36 parts, the lignite is 13 parts, the sludge is 15 parts, the bentonite is 12 parts, the ferment bacterium is 1 part, described Surflaes is 35 parts, the root-growing agent is 8 parts, the cinder is 8 parts, the deep layer pelinite is 18 parts, the Waste compost is 13 Part, the coco bran are 9 parts, the mushroom slag is 8 parts and the earthworm metabolin is 18 parts.
4. crops seedling medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that by mass percentage, the organic waste Gurry includes feces of livestock and poultry 25% and domestic refuse 75%.
5. crops seedling medium according to claim 4, which is characterized in that by mass percentage, the life is useless Gurry includes house refuse 10%, stalk 40% and bacteria residue 50%.
6. crops seedling medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pH value of the seedling medium is 6.2- 6.4。
7. crops seedling medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the root-growing agent includes:Methyl α-naphthyl acetate and Ah Wei's acid;The mass ratio of the methyl α-naphthyl acetate and the ferulic acid is:0.9-1.1:25-27.
8. crops seedling medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the partial size of the cinder is 0.5-1.5mm.
9. a kind of preparation method of crops seedling medium as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including:Have described Machine waste, the lignite, the sludge, the bentonite, the surflaes, the cinder, deep layer pelinite, Waste compost, coconut palm Chaff, mushroom slag and earthworm metabolin after 1000-1200 DEG C of heat treatment after 6-8min co-grinding at particle, then with the ferment Plain bacterium and root-growing agent mixing.
10. the preparation method of crops seedling medium according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the partial size of the particle For 90-150 mesh.
CN201810535898.0A 2018-05-30 2018-05-30 A kind of crops seedling medium and preparation method thereof Withdrawn CN108812187A (en)

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Application publication date: 20181116