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CN101294077B - A kind of soil biological storage expansion agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of soil biological storage expansion agent and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101294077B
CN101294077B CN2008100550311A CN200810055031A CN101294077B CN 101294077 B CN101294077 B CN 101294077B CN 2008100550311 A CN2008100550311 A CN 2008100550311A CN 200810055031 A CN200810055031 A CN 200810055031A CN 101294077 B CN101294077 B CN 101294077B
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soil
expansion agent
powder
edible fungus
borax
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CN101294077A (en
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曹建生
张万军
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Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of CAS
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Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of CAS
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Abstract

本发明提供一种土壤生物扩蓄增容剂,包括如下重量比例的:食用菌菌糠30-40%、炭粉5-15%、尿素1-2%、磷酸二铵:1-2%、钙镁磷肥1-3%、硫酸锌0.3-1%、硼砂0.1-0.3%、煤矸石粉余量;本发明所用主要物料大多为工业废弃物或农林残余物,价格便宜,生产成本低廉,使大规模应用成为可能;能明显改善土壤的物理性状,增加土壤有效孔隙含量,疏松土壤,促进健康土壤生物链的形成;能扩大土壤的蓄水能力,能明显增强土壤水库对天然降水的调控能力,可广泛用于以褐土、黄土为主要特征的华北及西北地区的现代农业生产过程中。The invention provides a soil bio-accumulation compatibilizer, which comprises the following weight ratios: 30-40% of edible fungus chaff, 5-15% of charcoal powder, 1-2% of urea, 1-2% of diammonium phosphate, Calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer 1-3%, zinc sulfate 0.3-1%, borax 0.1-0.3%, coal gangue powder surplus; the main materials used in the present invention are industrial waste or agricultural and forestry residues mostly, and the price is cheap, and the production cost is low, so that Large-scale application is possible; it can significantly improve the physical properties of the soil, increase the effective pore content of the soil, loosen the soil, and promote the formation of a healthy soil biological chain; it can expand the water storage capacity of the soil and significantly enhance the ability of the soil reservoir to regulate natural precipitation , can be widely used in the modern agricultural production process in North China and Northwest China where cinnamon and loess are the main features.

Description

A kind of compatibilization for soil organism and preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of compatibilization for soil organism, specifically a kind of keeping soil from packing together, the soil conditioner field of increase soil reservoir usable storage function,
Background technology
For a long time, in order to increase grain yield, use chemical such as chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals in the agriculture production in a large number, thereby cause that the suction of the large-area hardening soil, soil, water retention capacity seriously descend, ventilation property weakens, the decomposition-reduction ability drop, greatly reduce the ability of regulation and control of soil reservoir, thereby cause a large amount of rainwashes rationally to utilize, also will rely on its excessive exploitation of groundwater simultaneously and carry out agricultural irrigation natural rainfall, keep grain yield, had a strong impact on agriculture Sustainable development.
Soil for improving conservation ability and promoting absorption ability is meant the crumb structure of improving soil, increases the usable storage of soil reservoir, enlarges the water-holding capacity of soil.The soil for improving conservation ability and promoting absorption ability ability is the important factor of decision plant-growth quality, and its measure mainly comprises two aspects, the one, change the soil atmosphere evaporation conditions, and suppress the farmland invalid evaporation; The 2nd, the structure of improving the soil, effective water-holding power of enhancing soil self.Improve the Soil structure measure and mainly contain wholely and loosen the soil, enrich fertilizer and soil conditioner etc., wherein based on application of organic fertilizers, the compounding application soil improvement agent.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to a kind of environmental friendliness, low cost, be compatibilization for soil organism of main raw material preparation and preparation method thereof with waste material of edible mushroom, coal gangue and gac, in the hope of increasing soil active porosity content, help giving full play to the regulate and store function of soil reservoir to natural rainfall.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that this compatibilization for soil organism, comprises following part by weight: edible fungus bran 30-40%, powdered carbon 5-15%, urea 1-2%, diammonium phosphate: 1-2%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 1-3%, zinc sulfate 0.3-1%, borax 0.1-0.3%, colliery powder surplus;
Compatibilization for soil organism prepares as follows:
A, according to above-mentioned part by weight with 100 parts of meterings with waste material of edible mushroom and coal gangue separated pulverizing, mix with gac;
B, urea, diammonium phosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, zinc sulfate, borax are dissolved in 20 parts of water, and its solution are added in the organic mixture of edible fungus bran, coal gangue and gac;
C, 1-1.5 part enzymatic microorganism is dissolved in other 20 parts of water, and its solution is evenly joined in the prepared mixture of step B, puddle the natural pile fermentation in back, leavening temperature is controlled at 40-60 ℃, stops fermentation after 5-8 days, forms the greyish white grey black floss that arrives;
After D, the granulation of usefulness tablets press, oven dry or natural air drying, metering packing.
Described compatibilization for soil organism, described waste material of edible mushroom are the bacterium chaff after the production edible fungus sporophore.
Described compatibilization for soil organism, described powdered carbon are activity charcoal powder, wood charcoal powder.
Described compatibilization for soil organism, described described activity charcoal powder are agricultural crop straw, waste material of edible mushroom through the gac of colding pressing, carbonization, activation prepare.
Described compatibilization for soil organism comprises following part by weight: edible fungus bran 30%, powdered carbon 7%, urea 1%, diammonium phosphate: 2%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 3%, zinc sulfate 0.3%, borax 0.2%, colliery powder surplus.
Described compatibilization for soil organism comprises following part by weight: edible fungus bran 35%, powdered carbon 12%, urea 1%, diammonium phosphate: 2%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 3%, zinc sulfate 0.3%, borax 0.2%, colliery powder surplus.
Described compatibilization for soil organism comprises following part by weight: edible fungus bran 40%, powdered carbon 15%, urea 1%, diammonium phosphate: 2%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 3%, zinc sulfate 0.3%, borax 0.2%, colliery powder surplus.
Technical progress effect of the present invention shows:
1, used main material mostly is trade waste or agricultural resistates greatly, low price, and low production cost makes large-scale application become possibility;
2, can obviously improve the physical behavior of soil, increase soil active porosity content, chessom promotes the formation of healthy soil organisms chain;
3, can enlarge the water-holding capacity of soil, can obviously strengthen the ability of regulation and control of soil reservoir to natural rainfall, improve the utilization ratio of farm crop to natural rainfall, can be widely used in cinnamon soil, loess is in the modern agriculture production process of North China of principal character and the Northwest.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Raw material weight per-cent is formed: waste material of edible mushroom 30%, gac 7%, enzymatic microorganism 1.5%, urea 1%, diammonium phosphate: 2%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 3%, zinc sulfate 0.3%, borax 0.2%, coal gangue surplus.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1, with 30 parts of edible fungus brans, 55 parts of coal gangue separated pulverizing to 100,60 orders, mixes with 7 part of 100 purpose gac;
2,1 part of urea, 2 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3 parts of fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate, 0.2 part of borax are dissolved in 20 parts of water, and its solution are added in the organic mixture of edible fungus bran, coal gangue and gac;
3,1.5 parts of enzymatic microorganism are dissolved in 20 parts of water, and its solution is evenly joined in the prepared mixture of second step, puddle the natural pile fermentation in back, leavening temperature is controlled at 40-60 ℃, stops fermentation after 5-8 days;
4, with after the tablets press granulation, oven dry or natural air drying, are packaged into finished product at computation weigh.
Embodiment 2:
Raw material weight per-cent is formed: waste material of edible mushroom 35%, gac 12%, enzymatic microorganism 1.5%, urea 1%, diammonium phosphate 2%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 3%, zinc sulfate 0.3%, borax 0.2%, coal gangue surplus.
The preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
Raw material weight per-cent is formed: waste material of edible mushroom 40%, gac 15%, enzymatic microorganism 1.5%, urea 1%, diammonium phosphate 1%, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 1%, zinc sulfate 0.8%, borax 0.2%, coal gangue surplus.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Adopt compatibilization for soil organism of the present invention, apply the farmland by every mu of 50-80 kilogram consumption.At first, itself has soil-loosening function enzymatic microorganism, and waste material of edible mushroom, coal gangue and gac are also had a soil-loosening function, and be rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various trace elements, therefore also can be used as the substratum base-material of enzymatic microorganism, enzymatic microorganism is bred in a large number, enzymatic microorganism in the unit surface of farmland is multiplied, thereby accelerated the speed of loosening the soil, expanded the scope of loosening the soil, strengthened the effect of loosening the soil; Simultaneously, waste material of edible mushroom is behind the enzymatic microorganism fermentation maturity, produce the organic substance that farm crop easily absorb, this organic substance also has soil-loosening function, experimental result shows, its pine soil depth reaches 50 centimetres-120 centimetres, the soil weight contrast reduces 9.3%-12.8%, 0.25~0.50mm particle diameter coacervate content contrast increases 6.9-9.1%, field capacity contrast improves 15.5-25.2%, the usable storage of 1-100cm soil reservoir contrast increases 42mm-68mm, and soil water evaporation contrast reduces 10.9-24.0%, thereby realizes improving the purpose (seeing Appendix) of farmland rainfall resource utilization ratio.
Selected raw material in the foregoing description:
Urea is commercially available, and the urea of mass content 46% is mainly used in balance carbon nitrogen (C/N) ratio in the organic matter fermentation process;
Diammonium phosphate is commercially available, the diammonium phosphate of mass content 62%;
Fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is commercially available, the calcium magnesium phosphorus of mass content calcium 17%, magnesium 16%, phosphorus 18% and silicon 16%;
Zinc sulfate is commercially available, the zinc sulfate of mass content 98%;
Borax is commercially available, the borax of mass content 98%.
Enzymatic microorganism is commercially available (Chengde, Hebei province Pan Feng enzymatic microorganism company limited), be by various bacteria, the beneficial microorganism colony that yeast and actinomycetes are formed, it can produce active very strong plurality of enzymes, has very strong aerobic fermentation capacity of decomposition, can decompose organic materialss such as various crop straws, bark, sawdust, the chemical that can decompose chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals again, can also the decomposition decay coal, mineral substance such as coal gangue, shale, zeolite, wilkinite, make it to transform at short notice the effective constituent that can utilize for animals and plants.
The agricultural crop straw, waste material of edible mushroom that gac is selected commercially available (Chengde Lvshijie Active Carbon Co., Ltd.) through cold pressing, carbonization, activation and the product for preparing, the porous microtexture of gac, air permeability is good, good water permeability, good water-retaining property, and can be microorganism in the soil provides and perch; Organic decomposition, nutritive ingredient increases, for plant growth provides nutrition; Gac contains a large amount of mineral elements, is used for improving the soil, and promotes the good growth of crop root; The activated carbon of agricultural crop straw, waste material of edible mushroom preparation has cheap characteristic simultaneously.
Coal gangue is to be the byproduct of coal mining and coal washing, is inanimate matter and a small amount of organic mixture, and its mineralogical composition has the loosing soil of raising degree based on clay mineral and quartz, the effect of increase soil fertilizer efficiency.
Waste material of edible mushroom can select to produce the bacterium chaff behind mushroom, HUAZIGU, black fungus, bisporous mushroom, Coprinus comatus, apricot spore mushroom and the mushroom carpophore, from the trophology angle analysis, after the process through edible fungus fermented and product mushroom, after macromolecular xylogen, Mierocrystalline cellulose obtain to a certain degree degraded in the raw material, the bacterium chaff that forms is a kind of short texture and nutritious organic substrate, is the good raw material of producing compatibilization for soil organism.Utilize the biological activity agent for soil expansion and increment of waste material of edible mushroom production to have activating soil, loose soil property increases the effect of the organic-biological content in the soil.
Listed examples of the present invention is intended to further illustrate the formulation method and the application direction of soil organic crumb compatibilizer of the present invention, and scope of the present invention is not constituted any restriction.

Claims (7)

1.一种土壤生物扩蓄增容剂,其特征在于:土壤生物扩蓄增容剂按如下方法制备:1. A soil biological storage expansion agent is characterized in that: the soil biological expansion storage expansion agent is prepared as follows: A、其原料包括如下重量比例的:食用菌菌糠30-40%、炭粉5-15%、尿素1-2%、磷酸二铵:1-2%、钙镁磷肥1-3%、硫酸锌0.3-1%、硼砂0.1-0.3%、煤矸石粉余量;按照上述重量比例以100份计量将食用菌菌糠和煤矸石分别粉碎,与炭粉混合;A. Its raw materials include the following weight ratios: edible mushroom chaff 30-40%, charcoal powder 5-15%, urea 1-2%, diammonium phosphate: 1-2%, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer 1-3%, sulfuric acid 0.3-1% of zinc, 0.1-0.3% of borax, and the balance of coal gangue powder; according to the above weight ratio, 100 parts of edible fungus chaff and coal gangue are respectively pulverized and mixed with charcoal powder; B、将尿素、磷酸二铵、钙镁磷肥、硫酸锌、硼砂溶于20份水中,并将其溶液加入食用菌菌糠、煤矸石及炭粉的有机混合物中;B, urea, diammonium phosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, zinc sulfate, borax are dissolved in 20 parts of water, and its solution is added in the organic mixture of edible mushroom chaff, coal gangue and charcoal powder; C、将1-1.5份酵素菌溶于另外20份水中,并将其溶液均匀加入到步骤B所制备的混合物中,混拌后自然堆沤发酵,发酵温度控制在40-60℃,5-8天后终止发酵,形成灰白到灰黑色絮状物;C. Dissolve 1-1.5 parts of enzyme bacteria in another 20 parts of water, and evenly add the solution to the mixture prepared in step B, mix and ferment naturally, the fermentation temperature is controlled at 40-60 °C, 5- After 8 days, the fermentation was terminated, and off-white to off-white flocs were formed; D、用造粒机造粒后,烘干或自然风干,计量包装。D. After granulating with a granulator, dry or air-dry naturally, measure and pack. 2.根据权利要求1所述的土壤生物扩蓄增容剂,其特征在于:所述的食用菌菌糠为生产食用真菌子实体后的菌糠。2. The soil bio-accumulation expansion agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: the edible fungus chaff is the chaff after the edible fungus fruiting bodies are produced. 3.根据权利要求1所述的土壤生物扩蓄增容剂,其特征在于:所述的炭粉是活性炭粉、木炭粉。3. The soil biological storage expansion agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: the charcoal powder is activated carbon powder, charcoal powder. 4.根据权利要求3所述的土壤生物扩蓄增容剂,其特征在于:所述的所述活性炭粉为农作物秸秆、食用菌废料经冷压、碳化、活化而制备的活性炭。4. The soil biological storage expansion agent according to claim 3, characterized in that: said activated carbon powder is activated carbon prepared by cold pressing, carbonization and activation of crop straw and edible fungus waste. 5.根据权利要求1所述的土壤生物扩蓄增容剂,其特征在于所述制备方法的A步骤中原料包括如下重量比例的:食用菌菌糠30%、炭粉7%、尿素1%、磷酸二铵:2%、钙镁磷肥3%、硫酸锌0.3%、硼砂0.2%、煤矸石粉余量。5. The soil biological storage expansion agent according to claim 1, characterized in that the raw materials in the A step of the preparation method include the following weight ratios: 30% of edible fungus chaff, 7% of charcoal powder, and 1% of urea , Diammonium phosphate: 2%, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer 3%, zinc sulfate 0.3%, borax 0.2%, coal gangue powder balance. 6.根据权利要求1所述的土壤生物扩蓄增容剂,其特征在于所述制备方法的A步骤中原料包括如下重量比例的:食用菌菌糠35%、炭粉12%、尿素1%、磷酸二铵:2%、钙镁磷肥3%、硫酸锌0.3%、硼砂0.2%、煤矸石粉余量。6. The soil biological storage expansion agent according to claim 1, characterized in that the raw materials in the A step of the preparation method include the following weight ratios: 35% of edible fungus chaff, 12% of charcoal powder, and 1% of urea , Diammonium phosphate: 2%, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer 3%, zinc sulfate 0.3%, borax 0.2%, coal gangue powder balance. 7.根据权利要求1所述的土壤生物扩蓄增容剂,其特征在于所述制备方法的A步骤中原料包括如下重量比例的:食用菌菌糠40%、炭粉15%、尿素1%、磷酸二铵:2%、钙镁磷肥3%、硫酸锌0.3%、硼砂0.2%、煤矸石粉余量。7. The soil biological storage expansion agent according to claim 1, characterized in that the raw materials in the A step of the preparation method include the following weight ratios: 40% of edible fungus chaff, 15% of charcoal powder, and 1% of urea , Diammonium phosphate: 2%, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer 3%, zinc sulfate 0.3%, borax 0.2%, coal gangue powder balance.
CN2008100550311A 2008-06-05 2008-06-05 A kind of soil biological storage expansion agent and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN101294077B (en)

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CN102766000B (en) * 2012-07-28 2013-12-04 聊城大学 Compound biological soil improver and preparation method of compound biological soil improver
CN102786933B (en) * 2012-08-10 2014-12-10 上海师范大学 Soil anti-illness storage-expanding compatibilizer prepared from mycelium and preparation method thereof
CN103012015B (en) * 2012-12-25 2014-12-24 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 Soil amendment for cold waterlogged paddy field
CN103275729A (en) * 2013-06-06 2013-09-04 沈阳大学 Improved additive for desertified soil, and preparation method thereof
CN106068741B (en) * 2016-06-20 2018-01-16 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 A kind of stony cut slope soil moved in improve the original expands the method for storing afforestation
CN107151170A (en) * 2017-06-01 2017-09-12 兰溪市顺光园艺技术有限公司 A kind of common calla compost and preparation method thereof
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