CN108682053B - In-road parking management system based on ultrahigh frequency passive RFID - Google Patents
In-road parking management system based on ultrahigh frequency passive RFID Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
- G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
- G07B15/02—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points taking into account a variable factor such as distance or time, e.g. for passenger transport, parking systems or car rental systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
- G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
- G06K7/10316—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
- G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
- G06K7/10366—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the interrogation device being adapted for miscellaneous applications
- G06K7/10415—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the interrogation device being adapted for miscellaneous applications the interrogation device being fixed in its position, such as an access control device for reading wireless access cards, or a wireless ATM
- G06K7/10425—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the interrogation device being adapted for miscellaneous applications the interrogation device being fixed in its position, such as an access control device for reading wireless access cards, or a wireless ATM the interrogation device being arranged for interrogation of record carriers passing by the interrogation device
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Abstract
The invention relates to a parking management system based on RFID, and provides an in-road parking management system based on ultrahigh frequency passive RFID, wherein an antenna module of the in-road parking management system is arranged left and right with a corresponding induction identification area along the running direction and is arranged at a position adjacent to a corresponding road surface; the antenna module comprises an antenna array formed by at least two strip-shaped array sub-antennas and a power division phase-shift control module, and the array sub-antennas are respectively connected with the power division phase-shift control module; each array antenna is arranged side by side at intervals and parallel to each other, and is axially perpendicular to a corresponding road surface or forms an acute angle with the normal line of the road surface; electromagnetic wave reflecting structures are arranged on one side or two sides of the antenna module along the running direction. Therefore, the road surface is not required to be damaged, the installation and maintenance are convenient, the road surface can be matched with the existing geomagnetic induction system for use, the road surface is not easily affected by accumulated water and accumulated dust, the anti-interference capability is high, the road surface is applicable to external complex environments, and the road surface is applicable to the management of parking in various roads.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a parking management system based on RFID, in particular to an in-road parking management system based on ultrahigh frequency passive RFID.
Background
With the increase of the automobile conservation amount in China, the problem of shortage of urban parking spaces is increasingly prominent, and in-road parking becomes an important ring for urban highway traffic management, relieving parking pressure and ensuring smooth traffic. Conventional in-road parking typically employs a manual billing or in-card Zhong Shilu parking charging system. Wherein, the manual charging is completely counted time and charged by manual; in the parking charging system in the card Zhong Shilu, after a driver parks, the driver inserts the parking card into a card clock of a roadside parking space to finish roadside parking registration, but in order to prevent the parking without inserting the card, the driver also needs to be provided with personnel to carry out inspection. Therefore, both require the configuration of professional parking manager, the cost is high, and the setting of the parking section is limited by the number of people.
In order to solve the problems, realize unmanned on duty and intelligent parking management, developed a plurality of systems for parking timing and charging based on automatic identification technology at present, divide from identification technology, mainly include earth magnetism induction identification and RFID. The geomagnetic sensor automatically senses the parking time of the vehicle, and transmits the time to the background for charging; meanwhile, the fee evasion vehicle may be photographed using the image pickup apparatus so as to take measures.
At present, a geomagnetic induction recognition parking charging system has been introduced and implemented in part of cities, such as Shenzhen E parking system, but according to feedback of implemented projects, due to defects of geomagnetic technology, the system failure rate and complaint rate are very high, and main problems include: 1. geomagnetism is easy to be interfered by the environment, and the phenomenon of geomagnetic signal jump often occurs, so that the fee deduction error of the system is caused; 2. the response of geomagnetic signals is delayed, so that the vehicle is tracked, namely, the front vehicle leaves the parking space, the rear vehicle rapidly enters the parking space, the geomagnetism has no signal change, and the system considers that the front vehicle does not leave yet and continues to deduct fees from the front vehicle. In-situ geomagnetic induction recognition of the problem of wrong fee deduction of a parking charging system is generally considered to be the most fundamental reason that geomagnetic induction recognition cannot acquire vehicle information, namely whether a current parking space has a vehicle or not can not be obtained, and the vehicle cannot be recognized, particularly the vehicle cannot be compared after signals change, so that an in-road parking charging system based on an RFID technology is provided on the basis.
The RFID technology is a non-contact automatic identification technology, automatically identifies a target object through radio frequency signals and acquires related data, and the system mainly comprises a reader, an electronic tag and a background data processing system. The road parking charging system based on the RFID technology has the following basic ideas: the parking space is arranged at intervals along the running direction of the vehicle, an induction recognition area corresponding to the parking space is set, the antenna module corresponds to the set induction recognition area, vehicle information such as license plate numbers, vehicle types and owner types of the vehicle is input into the electronic tag, the electronic tag enters the induction recognition area along with the vehicle after the vehicle enters the parking space, a communication link is established, and the system acquires corresponding vehicle information and parking space information and then carries out charging.
At present, an in-road parking charging system based on an RFID technology has more public patents, such as:
1. The invention patent application with the application number 201410247762.1 and the name of a system and a method for realizing intelligent management and control of roadside parking based on radio frequency identification;
2. the application number is 201710762032.9, the invention is an invention patent application of a road side parking management method and system based on RFID;
3. the invention relates to a vehicle roadside parking charge management system with the application number 201510270730.8 and the invention name of a vehicle roadside parking charge management system based on a radio frequency license plate with a communication function.
However, with respect to the corresponding technology disclosed at present, there are operability problems, and the above patent is taken as an example:
In patent application 201410247762.1, only the system should include an RFID tag installed on the corresponding vehicle and an RFID reading module for reading information of the RFID tag within the coverage area. However, in the case of RFID technology, the frequencies may be low frequency, high frequency, ultra-high frequency, and microwave according to the application frequency, and the corresponding representative frequencies are respectively: the low frequency is lower than 135KHz, the high frequency is 13.56MHz, the ultra-high frequency is 860M-960MHz, the microwave is 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz, and the identification distance is increased, the data transmission rate is increased, the directivity is enhanced and the penetrability is reduced along with the increase of the application frequency. However, this patent does not disclose the key information of where the reading module should be located, what frequency should be used, and how to set the identification area, so that it cannot guarantee the reliability of identification, and only stays in the idea and lacks specific technical measures and schemes.
The second patent application 201710762032.9 has similar problems to the first patent application in terms of hardware, but it is presumed from the drawing that the reader should be disposed above the corresponding head position of the parking space, and the layout of the reader and the electronic tag is similar to the ETC system. However, the reader is required to be arranged above the corresponding head position of the parking space, corresponding upright posts and cross bars are required to be arranged, the implementation cost is high, and the reader is greatly influenced by surrounding environments, such as a roadside tree, a cable, a building and the like, so that the operability is low.
The invention patent application III with the application number 201510270730.8 provides a more detailed scheme corresponding to the patent application I and the patent application II, specifically speaking, the reader antenna is distributed underground each parking space to form an underground antenna assembly, the underground antenna assembly and the RFID radio frequency license plate with the communication function form an RFID system, and meanwhile, the invention patent with the application number 201510000566.9 and the invention name of an RFID radio frequency license plate with the communication function, the application number 201510000567.3 and the invention name of an underground antenna skeleton device applied to RFID radio frequency identification and an underground installation method thereof are applied. But it also has a problem of low operability, specifically: 1. the underground installation needs to destroy the pavement, so that the implementation and maintenance cost is high, the disassembly and assembly difficulty is high, the wiring power supply is inconvenient, and the surrounding construction is needed in the installation and maintenance process to influence the road traffic; 2. the device is also of an underground structure, and is not compatible with the existing geomagnetic system; 3. the method is easy to be influenced by pavement dust, impurity ponding and the like, particularly after ponding is caused by rain, if low frequency and high frequency are adopted, the water possibly can penetrate, but the self identification distance of the low frequency and the high frequency is extremely small, so that the use of the water cannot be ensured, and if ultrahigh frequency or microwave is adopted, the water is absorbed by waves, and the signal is shielded, so that the whole radio frequency identification is possibly invalid; 4. the RFID radio frequency license plate is matched for use, so that the enthusiasm of a vehicle owner for using the parking system is influenced, the popularization difficulty is increased, the mounting height of the license plate of the vehicle is not fixed, and even part of the license plate mounting position of an imported vehicle is positioned at the side part of the vehicle head, so that the problem that part of the vehicle cannot be identified possibly exists; 5. the communication between the reader and the electronic tag is also affected by the cleanliness of the vehicle and its license plate. Therefore, as described above, implementation cost is high, difficulty in popularization is large, incompatibility with existing systems is large, influence from external environment is large, there is a problem that recognition rate is low, and operability of implementation is extremely low.
Therefore, although more roadside parking systems based on RFID are disclosed at present, attention is paid to each urban traffic management department, and no corresponding implementation cases have been reported until the present time. Further, although RFID technology has been used for many years and in many occasions, it is required to transmit and couple signals, and its use is usually performed in indoor occasions where the influence of external environment is small and the identification objects are relatively consistent, such as logistics tracking and warehouse management, and when a system for vehicle identification is currently implemented, it is usually used in the case where there is a general entrance and exit, such as parking in a large parking lot and road charging, and only readers are required to be installed at the entrance and exit, so that the total implementation cost can be effectively controlled while ensuring a certain identification rate level. Relatively speaking, parking in a road is carried out, the entrance and exit are random, and the number of readers is large, the non-indoor environment is greatly influenced by the external environment, so that the problem of whether the reader has operability is solved by reducing the total implementation cost while ensuring a certain recognition rate level.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an in-road parking management system based on ultrahigh frequency passive RFID, which has low implementation cost, can be suitable for an external complex environment and has high anti-interference capability.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the in-road parking management system based on the ultrahigh frequency passive RFID comprises a reader module, an antenna module, a data processing module and set induction recognition areas, wherein the induction recognition areas are arranged at intervals along the running direction of a vehicle, and the antenna module corresponds to the set induction recognition areas; the antenna modules are arranged left and right along the corresponding road surface driving direction and correspond to the induction identification areas, and the antenna modules are arranged at positions adjacent to the corresponding road surface; the antenna module comprises an antenna array and a power division phase-shift control module, wherein the antenna array comprises at least two strip-shaped array antennas, and each array antenna of the antenna array is connected with a corresponding reader module through the power division phase-shift control module respectively; each array antenna is arranged side by side at intervals and parallel to each other, and is axially perpendicular to a corresponding road surface or forms an acute angle with the normal line of the road surface; electromagnetic wave reflecting structures are arranged on one side or two sides of the antenna module along the corresponding road surface running direction.
Further, the antenna array comprises two groups of mutually perpendicular strip array antenna, each group of strip array antenna is mutually parallel, and one group of strip array antenna is axially perpendicular to the corresponding pavement; the plane of the antenna array is perpendicular to the corresponding road surface and parallel to the running direction of the corresponding road surface.
Optimally, the antenna array comprises four strip array antennas and is arranged in a shape of a Chinese character kou.
Further, the antenna module and the reader module are arranged according to the sleeve and form independent identification modules, and the identification modules are in one-to-one correspondence with the set induction identification areas; each set of identification module comprises a reader module and two antenna modules which are arranged side by side, and each antenna module is connected with the corresponding reader module through a branching device switch module; the maximum radiation directions of the electromagnetic radiation fields of the two antenna modules are mutually intersected in a plane parallel to the corresponding pavement; and along the corresponding road surface driving direction, an electromagnetic wave reflecting structure is arranged on one side of the antenna module opposite to the other antenna module.
Further, an RFID main control module is arranged, and the reader modules of the identification modules are respectively connected with the RFID main control module and are connected with the data processing module through the RFID main control module.
Further, a shell is arranged, and a closed installation cavity for accommodating the antenna module is formed by being surrounded by the shell; the top of the shell and one side adjacent to the induction identification area are made of electromagnetic wave penetrating materials; electromagnetic wave reflecting structures are arranged at two ends of the shell along the parking direction and at the other side of the shell opposite to the induction identification area.
Further, a panel is formed by one side of the housing adjacent to the sensing and identifying area, and the antenna module is mounted in the mounting cavity at an upper portion adjacent to the panel.
Specifically, the casing is the cuboid, including roof, bottom plate, panel, backplate and both ends curb plate, wherein roof, panel, backplate and both ends curb plate are the cover body that adopts electromagnetic wave to penetrate material integrated into one piece, fixed mounting in cover body bottom can be dismantled to the bottom plate, just cover body bottom is provided with waterproof bordure along the bottom plate edge, cover body both ends curb plate and backplate internal surface are provided with the reflection stratum respectively.
Further, the splitter switch module, the reader module and the antenna modules included in the identification module are all arranged in the installation cavity of the corresponding shell.
Specifically, a longitudinal antenna mounting plate and a horizontal reader module mounting plate are arranged in the shell, and are arranged in a T shape; the reader module mounting plate is characterized in that two ends of the reader module mounting plate are detachably and fixedly mounted with the shell through the stop blocks respectively, a group of contact limiting blocks are arranged at the top and the bottom of the inner surface of the panel of the shell respectively, and the antenna mounting plate is fixedly clamped through the reader module mounting plate and the contact limiting blocks.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the antenna modules and the scanning identification areas are distributed left and right and can be installed on road side structures such as road edge stones, road surfaces are not required to be damaged, the installation and maintenance are extremely convenient, and the construction cost in the implementation process can be greatly reduced; the system can be matched with the existing geomagnetic induction system to be used as a reconstruction and upgrading scheme for the existing geomagnetic induction system, and hardware investment in the implementation process is further reduced. Secondly, the electromagnetic radiation field is emitted to the side surface, is not easily affected by accumulated water and dust, and has strong anti-interference capability; the device is positioned at the roadside, is convenient to clean, can reduce the influence of surface accessory crops on penetrability through regular cleaning, and can greatly improve the auxiliary working condition that the parking in the road is greatly influenced by external environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an application scenario of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the system antenna module of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the system identification module of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses an ultra-high frequency passive RFID-based in-road parking management system, which comprises a reader module 120, an antenna module 110, a data processing module and set induction identification areas 300, wherein each induction identification area 300 is arranged at intervals along the running direction of a vehicle, and the antenna module 110 corresponds to the set induction identification area 300; the antenna modules 110 are arranged left and right with respect to the corresponding sensing recognition areas 300 along the corresponding road traveling direction, and the antenna modules 110 are installed at positions adjacent to the corresponding road; the antenna module 110 includes an antenna array 111 and a power division phase shift control module 112, the antenna array 111 includes at least two strip-shaped array sub-antennas 113, each array sub-antenna 113 of the antenna array 111 is connected to a corresponding reader module 120 through the power division phase shift control module 112; each array antenna 113 is arranged side by side at intervals and parallel to each other, and is axially perpendicular to the corresponding road surface or forms an acute angle with the normal line of the road surface; an electromagnetic wave reflecting structure is provided at one side or both sides of the antenna module 110 in a corresponding road traveling direction.
The system of the invention is distinguished from the prior RFID-based in-road parking management system in that: the positional relationship between the antenna module 110 and the scanning recognition area 300, i.e., the parking space 500. In the prior art, an antenna is usually suspended on the upper portion of a parking space 500 or buried under the parking space 500, and the installation position is selected by the following thought: only one strip-shaped or strip-shaped induction recognition area which is perpendicular to the length direction of the vehicle 600 and covers a certain range along the width direction of the vehicle 600 needs to be set, and the antenna electromagnetic radiation field can easily cover the induction recognition area, for example, a bread-circle or a fan-shaped electromagnetic radiation field formed by arranging the strip-shaped antenna along the length direction of the vehicle 600, and no matter what vehicle type, when entering and exiting the parking space 500, the vehicle-mounted electronic beacon can inevitably cross the induction recognition area along with the advancing and retreating of the vehicle 600, so that the absolute nature of the formation of a communication link is ensured, but the problem that the implementation is difficult is due to the operability as described in the background technology of the invention.
In the system of the present invention, the antenna module 110 is disposed at the left and right of the corresponding sensing recognition area 300 along the direction of the parking head, and the antenna module 110 is installed at a position adjacent to the corresponding road surface, that is, the antenna module 110 is installed at the roadside inside the parking space 500. The system layout mode of the invention has obvious advantages, firstly, the pavement 700 is not required to be damaged, as in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2, the antenna module 110 is integrally embedded into the curbstone 400 arranged beside the pavement, the cable 150 can be embedded into the sidewalk, and the pavement is usually a sand cushion, so that the installation and maintenance are extremely convenient, and the construction cost in the implementation process can be greatly reduced; secondly, the system can be matched with the existing geomagnetic induction system, and as the interference between hardware and installation does not exist, only the source of identification data in the data processing module is increased and the data processing flow is modified, and the existing data processing module, power supply module, data communication module and the like can be shared, so that the system can be used as a reconstruction and upgrading scheme for the existing geomagnetic induction system, and the hardware investment in the implementation process is further reduced; thirdly, radiation is emitted to the side surface, is not influenced by accumulated water and dust on the pavement 700, and has strong anti-interference capability; fourth, be located the roadside, the clearance is convenient, and the accessible periodic clearance reduces the influence of surperficial accessory crop to penetrability, can greatly reduce the influence that the parking was received external environment in the RFID way. However, compared with the existing layout mode, the system layout of the invention has larger difficulty, and the greatest difficulty is that: on the premise that the side position of the vehicle-mounted electronic tag has great randomness, how to ensure the absolute nature of the formation of the communication link.
The randomness of the side position of the vehicle-mounted electronic tag is mainly shown in the following steps: firstly, since the antenna module 110 and the scan identification area 300 are distributed left and right, and the vehicle 600 body is metal and electromagnetic wave cannot penetrate, the electronic tag needs to be mounted on the side of the vehicle 600 body, and in order to ensure that the linear electromagnetic wave is visible, that is, the linear distance from the antenna to the electronic tag is very close, and only plastic or air is used in the middle, instead of electromagnetic field communication by other modes such as reflection, the main mounting position of the electronic tag is the mud guard of the vehicle, and other positions include the positions of the bumper end part, the door rubbing strip and the like, so that the mounting positions of the electronic tag are inconsistent; second, the size inconsistency caused by the diversity of the vehicles 600 includes the height inconsistency of the electronic tag after parking due to the chassis height inconsistency, and the front and rear position inconsistency of the electronic tag due to the wheelbase inconsistency; third, the parking behavior itself causes inconsistencies, including the distance of the vehicle 600 from the road boundary, front-to-back position inconsistencies, and even head orientation inconsistencies may exist.
Yet other difficulties are: 1. to ensure coverage along the length of the vehicle 600, interference problems between the electromagnetic radiation fields of adjacent antenna modules may result; 2. to ensure coverage in the width direction of the vehicle 600, it may be possible to misjudge that the road surface is normally running the vehicle when the parking space is not in the vehicle.
Thus, the system of the present invention achieves the core of: the electromagnetic radiation field which only covers the set induction identification area can be realized, and the absolute nature of the formation of a communication link is further ensured by setting the induction identification area to be large enough; meanwhile, the electromagnetic radiation fields are restrained from being covered on the induction recognition areas, so that interference between adjacent electromagnetic radiation fields and misjudgment of vehicles running on the road surface normally when parking spaces are not in vehicles are avoided.
In particular, the system of the present invention:
Firstly, the ultra-high frequency RFID is adopted, the ultra-high frequency communication distance is long and can reach about ten meters at maximum, so that the coverage of the set induction identification area 300 can be ensured;
Secondly, the antenna module 110 includes at least two strip-shaped array antennas 113, each array antenna 113 is connected with the corresponding reader module 120 through the power division phase shift control module 112, and each array antenna 113 is arranged side by side at intervals and parallel to each other, so that the maximum radiation direction can be changed through phase shift, and meanwhile, the array antenna 113 is axially perpendicular to the corresponding road surface or forms an acute angle with the normal line of the road surface, so that the deflection of the maximum radiation direction in the horizontal plane can be realized through phase shift, and further, the maximum radiation direction of the electromagnetic radiation field can be approximately along the diagonal line of the parking space, so that the induction identification area 300 is covered completely, the coverage of the road surface outside the parking space is avoided, and compared with the vertical direction, the inclination along the width direction of the installed road surface, the inclination along the driving direction or both can be realized through setting an angle and phase shift electric control mode, and the deflection of the maximum radiation direction in the longitudinal plane can be realized, and the coverage of the road surface outside the parking space is further avoided;
Thirdly, electromagnetic wave reflecting structures are arranged on one side or two sides of the antenna module 110 along the corresponding road surface driving direction, the radiation range along the length direction of the parking space 500 can be effectively controlled through the electromagnetic wave reflecting structures, interference between electromagnetic radiation fields of adjacent antenna modules is avoided, the electromagnetic wave reflecting structures are arranged on one side or two sides of the antenna module 110 along the corresponding road surface driving direction, and can be comprehensively considered according to the requirement of the induction identification area and the number of the antenna modules, for example, when only one antenna module is arranged, only one side can be arranged when the required width is wider, two sides can be arranged when the required width is narrower, and when two antenna modules are arranged in the embodiment, the width is enough, therefore, two ends are arranged;
Fourth, the antenna modules 110 are respectively installed at positions adjacent to the corresponding road surfaces, so that the communication distance can be shortened while the installation is convenient, and the reflection of electromagnetic waves by the road surfaces 700 can be utilized to improve the gain. Therefore, the invention can restrain the electromagnetic radiation field to cover the induction identification area only.
In addition to the aforementioned advantages, the system of the present invention has: 1. the induction recognition area can be defined, so that the degree of freedom is high, and the adaptability is high; 2. the ultrahigh frequency passive RFID electronic tag is low in cost and convenient to install, and can effectively reduce popularization difficulty.
Therefore, in summary, the system of the present invention has low implementation cost and convenient maintenance, and by controlling the radiation field, the system can ensure the absolute formation of the communication link and avoid interference and misjudgment.
As described above, the sensing recognition area of the present invention may be defined, for example: for parking in a side direction road, a rectangular induction recognition area 300 corresponding to the parking spaces 500 one by one can be defined, two antenna modules 110 are arranged, and the maximum radiation directions of the two antenna modules 110 are mutually intersected, so that the rectangular induction recognition area is covered; or the scanning recognition area 300 is arranged across the line, so that a sector sensing recognition area crossing the parking space can be defined, and the antenna module 110 radiates obliquely and backward along the running direction. And aiming at other irregular road parking modes such as oblique road parking, reversing, warehousing and the like, the vehicle can be adapted by adding an electronic tag at the tail part.
However, in contrast, the in-road parking mainly adopts lateral in-road parking, so in the examples shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the system of the present invention is a specific embodiment for lateral in-road parking, and the present invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
Because the signal transmission between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is affected by the polarization direction, in order to further improve the flexibility of the installation of the electronic tag, the antenna array 111 includes two groups of mutually perpendicular strip-shaped array sub-antennas 113, the strip-shaped array sub-antennas 113 in each group are mutually parallel, and one group of the strip-shaped array sub-antennas is axially perpendicular to the corresponding road surface; the plane of the antenna array 111 is perpendicular to the corresponding road surface and parallel to the driving direction of the corresponding road surface. One group of the antenna arrays 111 is axially perpendicular to the corresponding road surface, namely, one group of the antenna arrays are horizontally arranged, and the other group of the antenna arrays are longitudinally arranged, and the plane of the antenna arrays 111 is perpendicular to the corresponding road surface and parallel to the corresponding road surface driving direction, namely, the antenna arrays are longitudinally arranged, the total maximum radiation direction is deflected through phase shifting, meanwhile, bidirectional polarization can be realized, electromagnetic coverage in the height direction is improved, in addition, during production, procedures such as angle measurement can be avoided, further, the production efficiency is improved, and the equipment and implementation cost are reduced.
The number and layout of the antenna modules 110 and the array antennas 113 can be arrayed according to the requirement of the sensing identification area and the phase control theory. Optimally, the antenna array 111 comprises four strip array sub-antennas 113 and is arranged in a square shape. Compared with the L-shaped layout, the X-shaped layout and the like, the device can effectively control the height of the device, and is convenient to produce and assemble.
Specifically, in the example shown in the drawing, the projection of the sensing and identifying area 300 in the road surface 700 is rectangular and corresponds to the parking space 500 one by one, the left side edge of the rectangle is located on the outer side and in the parking space 500, the right side edge of the rectangle is located on the inner side and is close to the road edge stone 400, the upper edge of the rectangle is located in the direction of the head of the parking space and ensures that the longest vehicle can identify the electronic tag when the front wheel 610 of the longest vehicle presses the boundary line 510 of the head side parking space, and the shortest rear wheel 620 of the shortest vehicle can identify the electronic tag when the lower edge of the longest vehicle presses the boundary line 520 of the tail side parking space, and the electronic tag is approximately 4 meters long along the running direction of the vehicle and approximately 2 meters wide along the width direction of the road surface.
In order to implement the above-mentioned sensing identification area, in the embodiment, the antenna module 110 and the reader module 120 are arranged in a sleeve and form an independent identification module 100, and the identification modules 100 are in one-to-one correspondence with the set sensing identification areas 300; each set of identification modules 100 respectively comprises a reader module 120 and two antenna modules 110 arranged side by side, and each antenna module 110 is respectively connected with the corresponding reader module 120 through a splitter switch module 121; the maximum radiation directions of the electromagnetic radiation fields of the two antenna modules 110 are mutually intersected in a plane parallel to the corresponding road surface; along the corresponding road traveling direction, an electromagnetic wave reflecting structure is disposed on one side of the antenna module 110 opposite to the other antenna module 110.
In operation, the notch antenna module 110 divides an input radio frequency signal into four paths through the power division phase shift control module 112, the energy of each path is the same, the phases are 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 °, and the maximum radiation direction of a single antenna module 110 is deflected by more than 20 ° through phase shift and combined with the reflection of the adjacent end reflection structure; meanwhile, by the antenna modules 110 arranged side by side, a crossed electromagnetic radiation field working in a time-sharing way is formed; only one side of the antenna module 110 opposite to the other antenna module 110 is provided with an electromagnetic wave reflecting structure, so that a blind area is avoided between the two antenna modules, and therefore, the coverage of the induction identification area is ensured.
Meanwhile, firstly, interference between the antenna modules 110 arranged side by side can be avoided by a time division manner; secondly, the electromagnetic radiation fields of the antenna modules 110 are partially overlapped, and the electromagnetic radiation fields can be covered by different radiation directions relative to the fixed space position of the electronic tag after parking, so that the influence caused by different vehicle body modeling and placement angles can be effectively avoided, and the anti-interference capability of a rainy day is improved; thirdly, the identification modules 100 are in one-to-one correspondence with the set induction identification areas 300, each set of identification modules 100 can work independently, the parking space numbers can be determined through the identification modules 100, and the vehicle identification method can be suitable for vehicle identification under the conditions of overline parking and the like in cooperation with the relative position setting of the induction identification areas 300 and the parking spaces 500; fourth, each set of identification modules 100 works independently, so that the consumption of radio frequency wires is reduced, the cost is reduced, the failure rate is reduced, and the possible influence on other identification modules 100 after the failure of one identification module 100 is avoided; fifthly, through deflection, radiation is not weakened in the direction of deflecting 80 degrees along the width direction of the road, radiation of two angles at one side of the induction recognition area close to the road edge stone 400 is realized, blind areas at the close road edge are avoided, and the situation that the induction recognition area can not be recognized when the induction recognition area is too close to the road edge is avoided.
Further, an RFID master control module 200 is provided, and the reader modules 120 of the respective identification modules 100 are respectively connected to the RFID master control module 200, and are connected to the data processing module via the RFID master control module 200. The main control module 200 comprises a main control processor, a public network communication module, a power management module and a system communication module, wherein the main control processor is connected with the public network communication module, and the connection with the data processing module is realized through the public network communication module; the system communication module realizes communication with each identification module 100, controls the working mode of the identification module 100 and acquires the working state and parking data of the identification module 100; one end of the power management module is connected with a power supply and supplies power to each component, and the power management module cooperates with the main control processor to monitor the working state of the whole system in real time and dynamically adjust according to actual application requirements.
The antenna module 110 may be installed in a proper manner according to the road-side auxiliary facilities of the road and its radome structure, but there is a relatively high risk of scrubbing and hanging in terms of lateral parking, so as shown in fig. 1 and 2, it is preferable to use an embedded installation, and avoid damage to the antenna module 30 caused by scrubbing and hanging and collision by means of being flush with or slightly lower than the surface, and therefore, it is preferable to provide a housing 130, and a closed installation cavity for accommodating the antenna module 110 is enclosed by the housing 130; the top of the housing 130 and the side adjacent to the sensing recognition area 300 are made of electromagnetic wave penetrating materials; both ends of the housing 130 along the parking direction are provided with electromagnetic wave reflection structures at the other side opposite to the sensing recognition area 300. By arranging the shell 130, the whole embedded installation is convenient; electromagnetic wave penetration at the top and at the side adjacent to the sensing recognition area 300 can ensure the realization of coverage in the height direction and the horizontal direction; reflection at two ends, inhibiting the width of radiation and realizing deflection by matching with phase shift; the reflection on the other side of the sensing region 300 is to increase the gain.
Further, a panel 133 is formed on a side of the housing 130 adjacent to the sensing recognition area 300, and the antenna module 110 is mounted on an upper portion of the mounting cavity adjacent to the panel 133. The antenna module 110 is installed in the installation cavity at a position adjacent to the panel 133, and can secure a sufficient width while suppressing; the upper part can avoid shielding below the embedded part and effectively utilize the reflection of the ground.
The cross-section shape of the housing 130 may be triangular, semicircular, etc., specifically, for convenience in construction and equipment cost, and is adapted to the curbstone, in the example shown in the figure, as shown in fig. 3, the housing 130 is rectangular, including a top plate 131, a bottom plate 132, a panel 133, a back plate 134 and two end side plates 135, where the top plate 131, the panel 133, the back plate 134 and the two end side plates 135 are cover bodies integrally formed by electromagnetic wave penetrating materials, the bottom plate 132 is detachably and fixedly mounted at the bottom of the cover body, and the bottom of the cover body is provided with a waterproof edge 138 along the edge of the bottom plate 132, and the inner surfaces of the two end side plates 135 and the back plate 134 of the cover body are respectively provided with a reflective layer.
In order to further reduce implementation costs, the splitter switch module 121, the reader module 120, and each antenna module 110 included in the identification module 100 are disposed in the installation cavity of the corresponding housing 130. The integrated identification module 100 can reduce the amount of radio frequency lines 160 and reduce the amount of embedded installation.
Specifically, a longitudinal antenna mounting plate 136 and a horizontal reader module mounting plate 137 are disposed in the housing 130, and are arranged in a T-shape; the two ends of the reader module mounting plate 137 are detachably and fixedly mounted with the housing 130 through the stop blocks 142, a set of contact limiting blocks 141 are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the inner surface of the panel 133 of the housing 130, and the antenna mounting plate 136 is clamped and fixed through the reader module mounting plate 137 and the contact limiting blocks 141. The structure is convenient to assemble, secondly, the T-shaped arrangement is adopted, when collision and wiping occur, the panel 133 sequentially transfers force through the contact limiting block 141, the antenna mounting plate 136 and the reader module mounting plate 137, so that the destruction of the middle part of the panel 133 to the antenna part is avoided, and the deformation of the panel 133 provides space.
In addition, the system can be used in coordination with a geomagnetic induction recognition system, the geomagnetic induction recognition system connected with the data processing module is arranged, and a geomagnetic induction sensor of the geomagnetic induction recognition system is buried below an induction recognition area.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a parking management system in way based on passive RFID of hyperfrequency, includes reader module (120), antenna module (110), data processing module and the response discernment region (300) of setting, and each response discernment region (300) set up along vehicle direction of travel interval, antenna module (110) are corresponding with response discernment region (300) of setting, its characterized in that:
the antenna modules (110) are arranged left and right with the corresponding induction identification areas (300) along the corresponding road surface driving direction, and the antenna modules (110) are arranged at positions adjacent to the corresponding road surface;
The antenna module (110) comprises an antenna array (111) and a power division phase-shift control module (112), the antenna array (111) comprises at least two strip-shaped array antenna (113), and each array antenna (113) of the antenna array (111) is connected with a corresponding reader module (120) through the power division phase-shift control module (112) respectively;
Each array antenna (113) is arranged side by side at intervals and parallel to each other, and the axial direction of each array antenna is perpendicular to a corresponding road surface or forms an acute angle with the normal line of the road surface;
Electromagnetic wave reflecting structures are arranged on one side or two sides of the antenna module (110) along the corresponding road surface running direction.
2. The ultra-high frequency passive RFID-based in-road parking management system of claim 1, wherein:
The antenna module (110) and the reader module (120) are arranged in a sleeved mode and form an independent identification module (100), and the identification modules (100) are in one-to-one correspondence with the set induction identification areas (300);
Each set of identification modules (100) respectively comprises a reader module (120) and two antenna modules (110) which are arranged side by side, and each antenna module (110) is respectively connected with the corresponding reader module (120) through a branching device switch module (121);
The maximum radiation directions of the electromagnetic radiation fields of the two antenna modules (110) are mutually intersected in a plane parallel to the corresponding pavement;
Along the corresponding road surface driving direction, an electromagnetic wave reflecting structure is arranged on one side of the antenna module (110) opposite to the other antenna module (110).
3. The ultra-high frequency passive RFID-based in-road parking management system of claim 2, wherein: the RFID system is provided with an RFID main control module (200), and the reader modules (120) of the identification modules (100) are respectively connected with the RFID main control module (200) and are connected with the data processing module through the RFID main control module (200).
4. The ultra-high frequency passive RFID-based in-road parking management system of claim 2, wherein: a housing (130) is provided, and a closed installation cavity for accommodating the antenna module (110) is formed by enclosing the housing (130);
The top of the housing (130) and the side adjacent to the sensing and identifying area (300) are made of electromagnetic wave penetrating materials; electromagnetic wave reflecting structures are arranged at two ends of the shell (130) along the parking direction and at the other side of the opposite induction identification area (300).
5. The ultra-high frequency passive RFID-based in-road parking management system of claim 4, wherein: a panel (133) is formed by the side of the housing (130) adjacent to the sensing recognition area (300), and the antenna module (110) is mounted on the upper part of the mounting cavity adjacent to the panel (133).
6. The ultra-high frequency passive RFID-based in-road parking management system of claim 4, wherein: the casing (130) is the cuboid, including roof (131), bottom plate (132), panel (133), backplate (134) and both ends curb plate (135), wherein roof (131), panel (133), backplate (134) and both ends curb plate (135) are the cover body that adopts electromagnetic wave to penetrate material integrated into one piece, fixed mounting in cover body bottom can be dismantled to bottom plate (132), just cover body bottom is provided with waterproof bordure (138) along bottom plate (132) edge, cover body both ends curb plate (135) and backplate (134) internal surface are provided with the reflection stratum respectively.
7. The ultra-high frequency passive RFID-based in-road parking management system of claim 6, wherein: the splitter switch module (121), the reader module (120) and the antenna modules (110) included in the identification module (100) are all arranged in the installation cavity of the corresponding shell (130).
8. The ultra-high frequency passive RFID-based in-road parking management system of claim 7, wherein: a longitudinal antenna mounting plate (136) and a horizontal reader module mounting plate (137) are arranged in the shell (130), and are arranged in a T shape; the two ends of the reader module mounting plate (137) are detachably and fixedly mounted with the shell (130) through the stop blocks (142), a group of contact limiting blocks (141) are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the inner surface of the panel (133) of the shell (130), and the antenna mounting plate (136) is clamped and fixed through the reader module mounting plate (137) and the contact limiting blocks (141).
9. The utility model provides a parking management system in way based on passive RFID of hyperfrequency, includes reader module (120), antenna module (110), data processing module and the response discernment region (300) of setting, and each response discernment region (300) set up along vehicle direction of travel interval, antenna module (110) are corresponding with response discernment region (300) of setting, its characterized in that:
the antenna modules (110) are arranged left and right with the corresponding induction identification areas (300) along the corresponding road surface driving direction, and the antenna modules (110) are arranged at positions adjacent to the corresponding road surface;
The antenna module (110) comprises an antenna array (111) and a power division phase shift control module (112), the antenna array (111) comprises two groups of mutually perpendicular strip array sub-antennas (113), the strip array sub-antennas (113) in each group are mutually parallel, and one group is axially perpendicular to a corresponding road surface; the plane of the antenna array (111) is perpendicular to the corresponding road surface and parallel to the running direction of the corresponding road surface; each array antenna (113) of the antenna array (111) is connected with a corresponding reader module (120) through a power division phase shift control module (112) respectively; electromagnetic wave reflecting structures are arranged on one side or two sides of the antenna module (110) along the corresponding road surface running direction.
10. The ultra-high frequency passive RFID-based in-road parking management system of claim 9, wherein: the antenna array (111) comprises four strip array sub-antennas (113) and is arranged in a square shape.
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| CN208351623U (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2019-01-08 | 东莞市明日视界科技有限公司 | Road-surface concrete management system based on ultra-high-frequency passive RFID |
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| US20070252728A1 (en) * | 2006-05-01 | 2007-11-01 | Wherenet Corp, Corporation Of The State Of California | System and method for sensing and controlling the entry or exit of vehicles into or from a vehicle lot |
| CN103279774B (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2016-03-30 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | Mobile electron tag performance detection system and detection method |
| CN203773601U (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-08-13 | 武汉无线飞翔科技有限公司 | High-precision road parking unattended management system |
| CN104021596A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-09-03 | 上海美琦浦悦通讯科技有限公司 | System and method for achieving side parking intelligent management control on basis of radio frequency identification |
| CN104881900A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-09-02 | 深圳市骄冠科技实业有限公司 | Vehicle side parking charge management system based on radio frequency license plate with communication function |
| KR101743597B1 (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2017-06-05 | (주)서울전업공사 | Management and enforcement system of parking space for the disabled using stereoscopic display device, and method thereof |
| CN106846512A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-13 | 深圳市迅朗科技有限公司 | Parking electronic charging method and system |
| CN206574141U (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-10-20 | 深圳市迅朗科技有限公司 | Parking stall type trackside equipment |
| CN107341964B (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2019-11-05 | 小儒技术（深圳）有限公司 | A kind of method for detecting parking stalls and device |
| CN107578627A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-01-12 | 北京计算机技术及应用研究所 | A kind of Roadside Parking management method and system based on RFID |
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