CN109033910B - Reader for ultrahigh frequency passive RFID (radio frequency identification) in-road parking management system - Google Patents
Reader for ultrahigh frequency passive RFID (radio frequency identification) in-road parking management system Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
- G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
- G06K7/10316—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers
- G06K7/10356—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers using a plurality of antennas, e.g. configurations including means to resolve interference between the plurality of antennas
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
- G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
- G06K7/10366—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the interrogation device being adapted for miscellaneous applications
- G06K7/10415—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the interrogation device being adapted for miscellaneous applications the interrogation device being fixed in its position, such as an access control device for reading wireless access cards, or a wireless ATM
- G06K7/10425—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the interrogation device being adapted for miscellaneous applications the interrogation device being fixed in its position, such as an access control device for reading wireless access cards, or a wireless ATM the interrogation device being arranged for interrogation of record carriers passing by the interrogation device
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
- G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
- G07B15/02—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points taking into account a variable factor such as distance or time, e.g. for passenger transport, parking systems or car rental systems
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Abstract
本发明涉及RFID路内停车管理系统，提供了一种用于超高频无源RFID路内停车管理系统的阅读器，其天线模块包括天线阵列和功分移相控制模块，天线阵列包括至少两个条形阵子天线并经功分移相控制模块与阅读器模块相连；各阵子天线并排间隔设置并相互平行，且轴向平行于高度方向或与高度方向呈锐角夹角；由壳体包围构成密闭的安装腔，壳体的顶部以及与发射方向一侧相邻侧部均由电磁波穿透材料制成，壳体长度方向的一端或两端设置有电磁波反射结构。其通过对辐射场的控制，能实现一个仅覆盖设定感应识别区域的辐射场，能够实现将其设置于停车位的右侧时，即确保通讯链路形成绝对性，又避免干扰和误判，适用于基于RFID的路内停车管理系统。
The invention relates to an RFID on-street parking management system, and provides a reader for an ultra-high frequency passive RFID on-street parking management system. A strip-shaped array element antenna is connected to the reader module through the power division phase-shifting control module; the array element antennas are arranged side by side at intervals and parallel to each other, and the axial direction is parallel to the height direction or at an acute angle with the height direction; surrounded by a shell. In the airtight installation cavity, the top of the casing and the side adjacent to one side in the emission direction are made of electromagnetic wave penetrating materials, and one or both ends of the casing in the length direction are provided with electromagnetic wave reflection structures. Through the control of the radiation field, it can realize a radiation field that only covers the set induction recognition area. When it is set on the right side of the parking space, it can ensure the absoluteness of the communication link and avoid interference and misjudgment. , suitable for RFID-based on-street parking management systems.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an RFID (radio frequency identification) in-road parking management system, in particular to a reader for an ultrahigh frequency passive RFID in-road parking management system.
Background
With the increase of the automobile holding amount in China, the problem of shortage of parking spaces in urban areas is increasingly highlighted, and the in-road parking becomes an important part of urban highway traffic management, relieving parking pressure and guaranteeing smooth traffic. Conventional in-road parking usually employs manual billing or card clock type in-road parking charging system. Wherein, the manual charging is completely timed and charged manually; the card clock type road parking charging system has the advantages that after a driver parks the vehicle, the driver inserts the parking card into the card clock of the roadside parking space to complete roadside parking registration, but in order to prevent parking without inserting the card, configuration personnel are required to patrol. Therefore, both the parking management personnel and the parking management personnel need to be allocated for full time, the cost is high, and the arrangement of the parking road section is limited by the number of the personnel.
In order to solve the problems and realize unattended and intelligent parking management, various systems for parking timing charging based on an automatic identification technology are developed at present, and the systems are divided from the identification technology and mainly comprise geomagnetic induction identification and RFID. The geomagnetic induction recognition parking charging system detects the existence of a vehicle through a pre-embedded geomagnetic sensor, and when a driver stops the vehicle at a parking space, the geomagnetic sensor automatically induces the parking time of the vehicle and transmits the time to a background for charging; meanwhile, the fee evasion vehicle can be photographed by utilizing the camera equipment so as to take measures.
Currently, geomagnetic induction recognition parking charging systems have been introduced and implemented by some cities, such as the E parking system of shenzhen, but according to the feedback of implemented items, due to the defects of geomagnetic technology, the system failure rate and complaint rate are very high, and the main problems include: firstly, geomagnetism is easily interfered by the environment, and the phenomenon of geomagnetic signal jump often occurs, so that the system fee deduction is wrong; two, earth magnetism signal's reaction has the delay, leads to with the car, and also the front truck leaves the parking stall, and the back car gets into the parking stall fast, and the earth magnetism does not have the signal change, and the system thinks that the front truck has not left yet, continues to deduct the expense to the front truck. The most fundamental reason of identifying the fee deduction error of the parking charging system by magnetic induction is that the geomagnetic induction identification cannot acquire vehicle information, that is, only whether a vehicle exists in a current parking space can be acquired, but the vehicle cannot be identified, and the vehicle information cannot be compared after the signal changes, so that on the basis of the geomagnetic induction identification recognition error, the in-road parking charging system based on the RFID technology is provided.
The RFID technology is a non-contact automatic identification technology, which automatically identifies a target object and acquires related data through a radio frequency signal, and the system mainly comprises a reader, an electronic tag and a background data processing system. The in-road parking charging system based on the RFID technology has the basic idea that: the parking stall sets up along vehicle direction of travel interval, set for the response identification area that corresponds with the parking stall, antenna module is corresponding with the response identification area of setting for, through entering vehicle information such as the license plate number of vehicle, vehicle type, car owner type electronic tags, after the vehicle gets into the parking stall, electronic tags gets into the response identification area thereupon, establish communication link, implement the charging after the system acquires corresponding vehicle information and parking stall information, because the concrete information of discernment vehicle that can be accurate, consequently, can effectively avoid deducting the wrong and stop the fee escaping phenomenon.
At present, the in-road parking charging system based on the RFID technology discloses a lot of patents, such as:
1. the invention has application number 201410247762.1, and is named as the invention patent application of the system and the method for realizing the intelligent management control of the roadside parking based on the radio frequency identification;
2. the invention has application number 201710762032.9, and is named as an invention patent application of a roadside parking management method and system based on RFID;
3. the invention has application number 201510270730.8, and is named as an invention patent application of a vehicle roadside parking charging management system based on a radio frequency license plate with a communication function.
However, after analyzing the existing patents and other published information, the applicant of the present application believes that although a lot of RFID-based roadside parking systems are disclosed at present and attract the attention of each urban traffic management department, how to ensure a certain recognition rate level and reduce the total implementation cost becomes a core problem of whether the system is operable, and therefore, until now, no corresponding implementation case has been reported, that is, the operability problem exists in the corresponding technologies disclosed at present, and the above patents are taken as examples:
the first invention patent application with application number 201410247762.1 discloses that the system should include an RFID tag disposed on the corresponding vehicle, and an RFID reading module for reading information from the RFID tag within the coverage area. However, in terms of RFID technology, the RFID technology can be divided into low frequency, high frequency, ultra high frequency, and microwave according to different application frequencies, and the corresponding representative frequencies are: the low frequency is below 135KHz, the high frequency is 13.56MHz, the ultrahigh frequency is 860M-960MHz, the microwave is 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz, and along with the increase of the application frequency, the identification distance is increased, the data transmission rate is increased, the directivity is enhanced, and the penetrability is reduced. However, the patent does not disclose key information such as where the reading module, i.e. the reader should be set, what frequency should be used, and how to set the identification area, so that the reliability of identification cannot be guaranteed, and the reading module only stays in the assumption and lacks specific technical measures and schemes.
In the second invention patent application No. 201710762032.9, the hardware part of the second invention patent application has similar problems to the first invention patent application, but it is presumed from the drawings that the reader is disposed above the vehicle head corresponding to the parking space, and the layout of the reader and the electronic tag is similar to that of the ETC system. However, the reader is required to be arranged above the corresponding vehicle head of the parking space, corresponding vertical rods and transverse rods are required to be arranged, implementation cost is high, and the reader is greatly influenced by surrounding environments, such as roadside trees, cables, buildings and the like, so that operability is low.
The third invention patent application with the application number of 201510270730.8 provides a more detailed scheme corresponding to the first and second patent applications, and specifically, the third invention patent application distributes reader antennas under each parking space to form an underground antenna assembly, forms an RFID system with an RFID radio frequency license plate with a communication function, and simultaneously applies the invention patents with the application number of 201510000566.9, the invention name of an RFID radio frequency license plate with a communication function, the application number of 201510000567.3, the invention name of an underground antenna framework device applied to RFID radio frequency identification and an underground installation method thereof. However, it also has a problem of low operability, specifically: firstly, the ground is installed, and the road surface needs to be damaged, so the implementation and maintenance cost is high, the disassembly and assembly difficulty is high, the wiring and power supply are inconvenient, and the road traffic is influenced because the surrounding construction is required in the installation and maintenance process; secondly, the structure is also an underground structure, and is incompatible with the existing geomagnetic system; the device is easily affected by road surface dust, impurity accumulated water and the like, particularly after accumulated water is caused by rain, if low frequency and high frequency are adopted, the device can penetrate, but the low frequency and high frequency self-identification distances are extremely small, the use of the device cannot be guaranteed, and if ultrahigh frequency or microwave is adopted, due to the absorption of the accumulated water on the waves, the shielding of signals exists, and the integral failure of radio frequency identification can be caused; fourthly, the RFID radio frequency license plate is matched with the automobile parking system for use, so that the enthusiasm of an automobile owner for using the parking system is influenced, the popularization difficulty is increased, the installation height of the automobile license plate is not fixed, and even the license plate installation positions of partial imported automobiles are positioned on the side part of the automobile head, so that the problem that partial automobiles cannot be identified possibly exists; and fifthly, the communication between the reader and the electronic tag is also influenced by the cleanness of the vehicle and the license plate thereof. Therefore, as described above, the implementation cost is high, the popularization difficulty is high, the system is incompatible with the existing system, and is greatly influenced by the external environment, and the recognition rate is low, so that the operability of the implementation is extremely low.
Further analysis, although the RFID technology has existed for many years and is used in many occasions, it is required by its signal propagation and coupling, and its use occasions are usually indoor occasions, such as logistics tracking, warehouse management, etc. which are less affected by external environment and relatively consistent in identification objects. In the currently implemented system for vehicle identification, the system is generally used in occasions where a general entrance and exit exists, such as parking in a large parking lot, road toll collection, and the like, and only readers are required to be respectively arranged at the entrance and exit, so that the total implementation cost can be effectively controlled while a certain identification rate level is ensured.
The parking in the road has certain particularity, firstly, the parking in the road is free to come in and go out, and an outlet and an inlet do not exist; secondly, the environment is not indoor and is greatly influenced by the external environment; thirdly, the difference of the vehicles and the randomness of the parking behaviors lead to the difficulty of setting the induction recognition area; and fourthly, due to the requirement of vehicle access, the arrangement position of the RFID reader is limited, and the vehicle, namely the left side, the front side and the rear side of the parking space, can not be arranged according to the direction of the vehicle head and can only be arranged above the parking space, on the ground and on the right side of the parking space.
In the conventional RFID in-road parking management system, as described above, the antenna is suspended at the upper part of the parking space or buried underground in the parking space, and the installation position is selected according to the following concept: only one strip-shaped or strip-shaped induction identification area which is perpendicular to the length direction of the vehicle and covers a certain range along the width direction of the vehicle needs to be set, and the coverage of the induction identification area can be easily realized by an antenna electromagnetic radiation field, such as a bread-roll or fan-shaped electromagnetic radiation field formed by arranging the strip-shaped antenna along the direction parallel to the length direction of the vehicle. Thus, first, it can employ existing RFID readers and systems without the need for development; secondly, no matter what type of vehicle, when getting in and out of the parking space, the vehicle-mounted electronic beacon can cross over the induction identification area along with the forward and backward movement of the vehicle, so that the absolute property of the formation of a communication link is ensured, and the problem of uncertain position of the vehicle-mounted electronic tag caused by the difference of the vehicle and the randomness of the parking behavior is further solved. But the parking space is arranged at the upper part of the parking space, as described in the invention patent application II, the implementation cost is high, and the influence of the surrounding environment is large; the method is arranged on the ground, and has the problems of high implementation cost, large influence by external environment and low recognition rate as described in the third invention patent application.
And set up the RFID reader in the right side of parking stall, in current RFID inslot parking management system's public information, have not seen yet, its core problem lies in: the problem that the position of the vehicle-mounted electronic tag is uncertain due to different vehicles and the randomness of parking behaviors causes difficulty in setting of the induction identification area.
Further analysis, the randomness of the vehicle-mounted electronic tag in the side position is mainly reflected in that: firstly, because the antenna module is positioned on the right side, the vehicle body is made of metal, and electromagnetic waves cannot penetrate through the antenna module, the electronic tag needs to be installed on the side face of the vehicle body, and in order to ensure that linear electromagnetic waves are visible, namely the antenna is close to the electronic tag in linear distance, only plastic or air exists in the middle of the antenna, and electromagnetic field communication is not performed in other modes such as reflection and the like, the electronic tag is mainly installed on a mudguard of the vehicle, and other positions comprise positions such as a bumper end part and a vehicle door chafing strip, so that the installation positions of the electronic tag are inconsistent; secondly, the sizes of the electronic tags are inconsistent due to the diversity of the vehicles, wherein the sizes comprise height inconsistency of the electronic tags after parking due to the inconsistent height of the chassis and front-back position inconsistency of the electronic tags due to the inconsistent wheelbase; thirdly, the parking behavior itself causes inconsistency, including inconsistency of the distance between the vehicle and the road boundary, the front and rear positions, and even inconsistency of the heading direction of the vehicle head may exist. Yet other difficulties are: firstly, in order to ensure the coverage along the length direction of a vehicle, the problem of interference between electromagnetic radiation fields of adjacent parking spaces can be caused; secondly, in order to ensure the coverage along the width direction of the vehicle, the vehicle can be misjudged to normally run on the road when the parking space is empty.
Therefore, the RFID reader is arranged on the right side of the parking space, the existing RFID reader cannot be adopted, the arrangement of the induction identification area has great technical difficulty, and the core of the realization lies in: the absolute property of the communication link formation is further ensured by setting the induction identification area to be large enough to realize an electromagnetic radiation field only covering the set induction identification area; meanwhile, the electromagnetic radiation field is required to be restrained to cover the induction identification area only, so that the interference between adjacent electromagnetic radiation fields is avoided, and vehicles on the road surface can be judged by mistake when no vehicle exists in a parking space.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a reader which can be arranged on the right side of a parking space and is used for an ultrahigh frequency passive RFID in-road parking management system, and the reader can realize an electromagnetic radiation field only covering a set induction identification area.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the reader for the ultrahigh frequency passive RFID in-circuit parking management system comprises a reader module, an antenna module and a shell, wherein the antenna module comprises an antenna array and a power division phase-shifting control module, the antenna array comprises at least two strip-shaped array sub-antennas, and each array sub-antenna of the antenna array is connected with the reader module through the power division phase-shifting control module; the array antennas are arranged side by side at intervals and are mutually parallel, and the axial direction of the array antennas is parallel to the height direction of the shell or forms an acute included angle with the height direction of the shell; the antenna module is characterized in that the shell is surrounded to form a closed installation cavity for accommodating the antenna module, the top of the shell and the side part adjacent to one side of the emission direction of the antenna module are both made of electromagnetic wave penetrating materials, and one end or two ends of the shell in the length direction of the shell are provided with electromagnetic wave reflecting structures.
Furthermore, the antenna array comprises two groups of strip-shaped array antennas which are perpendicular to each other, the strip-shaped array antennas in each group are parallel to each other, and one group of the strip-shaped array antennas is axially parallel to the height direction of the shell; the plane of the antenna array is perpendicular to the width direction of the shell and parallel to the height direction of the shell.
Preferably, the antenna array comprises four strip-shaped array sub-antennas and is arranged in a square shape.
Furthermore, the reader comprises a reader module and two antenna modules arranged side by side, and each antenna module is connected with the corresponding reader module through a shunt switch module; the maximum radiation directions of the electromagnetic radiation fields of the two antenna modules are mutually crossed in a plane vertical to the height direction of the shell; and two ends of the shell along the length direction of the shell are respectively provided with an electromagnetic wave reflection structure.
Furthermore, the shunt switch module, the reader module and each antenna module included in the reader are all arranged in the installation cavity of the corresponding shell.
Furthermore, a panel is formed by the side part of the shell adjacent to one side of the emission direction of the antenna module, and the antenna module is arranged on the upper part of the installation cavity adjacent to the panel.
Furthermore, a panel is formed by the side part of the shell adjacent to one side of the emitting direction of the antenna module, and an electromagnetic wave reflecting structure is arranged on the other side of the shell opposite to the panel.
Optimally, the casing is the cuboid, including roof, bottom plate, panel, backplate and both ends curb plate, and wherein roof, panel, backplate and both ends curb plate are for adopting the electromagnetic wave to pierce through material integrated into one piece's the cover body, fixed mounting can be dismantled in the cover body bottom to the bottom plate, cover body both ends curb plate and backplate internal surface are provided with the reflection stratum respectively.
Furthermore, grooves are arranged on the outer surfaces of the side plates at the two ends side by side, the grooves extend from the bottoms of the side plates to the upper parts of the side plates along the height of the shell, and reinforcing ribs are formed by bulges among the grooves; ribs in a thickness mode along the shell are arranged on the inner surface of the top plate side by side; an inclined plane is arranged at the joint of the top plate and the panel; and waterproof binding edges are respectively arranged on the two sides of the panel and the edge of the bottom of the panel.
Furthermore, a longitudinal antenna mounting plate and a horizontal reader module mounting plate are arranged in the shell and are arranged in a T shape; the bottom of the inner surface of the shell panel is provided with a group of top blocks, gaps are arranged at positions of the ribs corresponding to the antenna mounting plate, the inner surfaces of the side plates at the two ends are provided with limit blocks, the positions of the bottom plate adjacent to the top blocks are provided with stop blocks, and the positions of the bottom plate adjacent to the limit blocks are provided with support plates; the top of the antenna mounting plate is fixed through a notch, and the bottom of the antenna mounting plate is fixed through a top block and a stop block; the both sides of the mounting plate of the reader module are fixed by the antenna mounting plate and the backboard, and the two ends of the mounting plate of the reader module are fixed by the supporting plate and the limiting block.
Furthermore, a longitudinal antenna mounting plate and a horizontal reader module mounting plate are arranged in the shell and are arranged in a T shape; the bottom of the inner surface of the shell panel is provided with a group of top blocks, gaps are arranged at positions of the ribs corresponding to the antenna mounting plate, the inner surfaces of the side plates at the two ends are provided with limit blocks, the positions of the bottom plate adjacent to the top blocks are provided with stop blocks, and the positions of the bottom plate adjacent to the limit blocks are provided with support plates; the top of the antenna mounting plate is fixed through a notch, and the bottom of the antenna mounting plate is fixed through a top block and a stop block; the both sides of the mounting plate of the reader module are fixed by the antenna mounting plate and the backboard, and the two ends of the mounting plate of the reader module are fixed by the supporting plate and the limiting block.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the reader can realize an electromagnetic radiation field only covering the set induction identification area by controlling the radiation field, and can ensure the absolute formation of a communication link and avoid interference and misjudgment when the reader is arranged on the right side of a parking space.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reader of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the reader housing of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the reader of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an installation of the reader of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a system diagram of a system formed by the reader of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The reader for the ultrahigh frequency passive RFID in-circuit parking management system comprises a reader module 120, an antenna module 110 and a shell 130, wherein the antenna module 110 comprises an antenna array 111 and a power division phase shift control module 112, the antenna array 111 comprises at least two strip-shaped array antennas 113, and each array antenna 113 of the antenna array 111 is connected with the reader module 120 through the power division phase shift control module 112; the array antennas 113 are arranged side by side at intervals and are parallel to each other, and the axial direction of the array antennas is parallel to the height direction of the shell 130 or forms an acute angle with the height direction of the shell 130; the housing 130 encloses and forms a closed installation cavity for accommodating the antenna module 110, the top of the housing 130 and the side adjacent to one side of the antenna module 110 in the emission direction are both made of electromagnetic wave penetrating materials, and one or both ends of the housing 130 in the length direction thereof are provided with electromagnetic wave reflecting structures.
Compared with the prior art, the antenna is suspended at the upper part of the parking space 500 or buried underground in the parking space 500, as shown in fig. 5, the system formed by the reader of the present invention is integrally installed through the housing 130, the reader 100 and the corresponding induction recognition area 300 thereof are arranged left and right along the direction of the head of the parking space, the reader 100 is installed at a position adjacent to the corresponding road surface, that is, at the roadside inside the parking space 500, the top of the housing 130 and the side adjacent to one side of the emission direction of the antenna module 110 are both made of electromagnetic wave penetrating materials, and the realization of covering in the height direction and the horizontal direction can be ensured.
The system layout mode of the reader has obvious advantages, firstly, the pavement 700 is not required to be damaged, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the reader 100 is integrally embedded into a roadside stone 400 arranged beside the road, the cable 150 can be buried in a sidewalk, and a sand cushion layer is usually arranged under the sidewalk, so that the reader is extremely convenient to install and maintain, and the construction cost in the implementation process can be greatly reduced; secondly, the geomagnetic sensor can be used in cooperation with the existing geomagnetic induction system, and because hardware and installation interference do not exist, only the data processing module 200 needs to be added for identifying the data source and modifying the data processing flow, and the existing data processing module 200, a power supply module, a data communication module and the like can be shared, so that the geomagnetic sensor can be used as a transformation and upgrade scheme for the existing geomagnetic induction system, and the hardware investment in the implementation process is further reduced; thirdly, radiation is emitted to the side surface and is not influenced by water accumulation and dust accumulation on the road surface 700, and the anti-interference capability is strong; and fourthly, the RFID road parking equipment is positioned on the roadside, is convenient to clean, can reduce the influence of surface attached crops on permeability through regular cleaning, and can greatly reduce the influence of the external environment on the RFID road parking.
However, as described in the background art, the reader 100 is disposed at the right side of the parking space, and there is a great technical difficulty in the arrangement of the induction recognition area 300. To overcome the difficulties, in particular, the reader of the present invention:
firstly, the ultrahigh frequency RFID is adopted, the ultrahigh frequency communication distance is far and can reach about ten meters at most, and therefore the coverage of the set induction identification area 300 can be guaranteed;
secondly, the antenna module 110 includes at least two strip-shaped antenna elements 113, each antenna element 113 is connected to the corresponding reader module 120 through the power division phase shift control module 112, each antenna element 113 is arranged side by side at intervals and parallel to each other, so that the maximum radiation direction can be changed by phase shift, and meanwhile, the axial direction of the antenna element 113 is parallel to the height direction of the casing 130 or forms an acute angle with the height direction of the casing 130, so-called the height direction of the casing 130 is the normal direction of the road surface after installation, so that the deflection of the maximum radiation direction in the horizontal plane can be realized by phase shift, and the maximum radiation direction of the electromagnetic radiation field can be approximately along the diagonal line of the parking space, thereby avoiding the covering of the road surface outside the parking space while realizing the covering of the induction identification area 300 as much as possible, and forms an acute angle with respect to the vertical direction, and can be an inclination along the width direction of the casing, that is the width direction of the road surface after installation, The inclination along the length direction of the shell, namely along the driving direction, or both the inclination and the inclination, can realize the deflection of the maximum radiation direction in a longitudinal plane in an angle setting and phase shifting electric control mode, and further avoid the coverage of the road surface except for a parking space;
third, in the two ends of the housing 130 along the length direction thereof, one end or both ends are provided with electromagnetic wave reflection structures, the radiation range along the length direction of the parking space 500 can be effectively controlled by the electromagnetic wave reflection structures, so as to avoid interference between electromagnetic radiation fields of adjacent antenna modules, and the electromagnetic wave reflection structures arranged at one end or both ends can be comprehensively considered according to the requirements of the induction identification area and the number of the antenna modules, for example, when only one antenna module is used, only one end can be arranged when the required width is wide, and both ends can be arranged when the required width is narrow, while when two antenna modules are arranged in the embodiment, the width is enough, so both ends are arranged;
fourthly, the antenna modules 110 are respectively installed at positions adjacent to the corresponding road surface, so that the communication distance can be shortened while the installation is convenient, and the reflection of the road surface 700 to the electromagnetic wave can be utilized to improve the gain. Therefore, the invention can restrain the electromagnetic radiation field to cover the induction identification area.
In addition to the foregoing advantages, the reader of the present invention also has: firstly, the induction identification area can be defined, so that the degree of freedom is high, and the adaptability is strong; and secondly, the ultrahigh frequency passive RFID electronic tag has low cost and convenient installation, and can effectively reduce the popularization difficulty.
Therefore, in summary, the reader of the present invention can realize an electromagnetic radiation field only covering the set induction identification area by controlling the radiation field, and can ensure the absolute formation of the communication link and avoid interference and erroneous judgment when the reader is disposed on the right side of the parking space.
As mentioned above, the inductive identification area of the reader of the present invention may be defined as: for parking in the lateral road, a rectangular induction identification area 300 corresponding to the parking space 500 one by one can be defined, and two antenna modules 110 are arranged, and the maximum radiation directions of the two antenna modules 110 are mutually crossed, so that the rectangular induction identification area is covered; alternatively, the scanning identification area 300 is arranged across lines, and may define a sector sensing identification area across the parking space, and the antenna module 110 radiates backward in a direction of travel. And aiming at other unconventional in-road parking modes such as oblique in-road parking, backing and warehousing and the like, the parking device can adapt to the situation by adding the electronic tag at the tail part.
However, the in-road parking mainly adopts the side-position in-road parking, and thus, as shown in the examples of fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, and fig. 5, the in-road parking is a specific embodiment of the reader and the RFID in-road parking management system formed by the reader of the present invention, and the present invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Because the signal transmission between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is affected by the polarization direction, in order to further improve the flexibility of the electronic tag installation, the antenna array 111 includes two groups of mutually perpendicular strip-shaped array sub-antennas 113, the strip-shaped array sub-antennas 113 in each group are mutually parallel, and one group of axial directions are parallel to the height direction of the shell 130; the plane of the antenna array 111 is perpendicular to the width direction of the housing 130 and parallel to the height direction of the housing 130. One set of the axial directions is parallel to the height direction of the shell 130, namely one set is horizontally arranged, and the other set is longitudinally arranged; the plane of the antenna array 111 is perpendicular to the width direction of the shell 130 and parallel to the height direction of the shell 130, namely, the antenna array is arranged longitudinally, the total maximum radiation direction realizes deflection through phase shifting, meanwhile, bidirectional polarization can be realized, electromagnetic coverage in the height direction is improved, and in production, procedures such as angle measurement can be avoided, so that the production efficiency is improved, and the equipment and implementation cost is reduced.
The number and layout of the antenna modules 110 and the array antennas 113 can be arrayed according to the phased theory according to the requirement of induction identification area. Preferably, the antenna array 111 includes four strip-shaped array antennas 113, and is arranged in a square shape. Compared with the L-shaped and X-shaped layouts and the like, the square-shaped layout can effectively control the height of equipment, and the production and the assembly are convenient.
Specifically, in the illustrated example, the projection of the induction recognition area 300 in the road surface 700 is rectangular and corresponds to the parking spaces 500 one-to-one, the left side edge of the rectangle is located outside and in the parking space 500, the right side edge is located inside and is close to the road edge stone 400, the upper edge is located in the direction of the head of the parking space and ensures that the electronic tag can be recognized when the front wheel 610 of the longest vehicle presses the parking space boundary line 510 on the head side, and the electronic tag can be recognized when the rear wheel 620 of the shortest vehicle presses the parking space boundary line 520 on the rear side, and approximately, the length is about 4 meters in the vehicle traveling direction and the width is about 2 meters in the road width direction.
In order to realize the above sensing identification area, in an embodiment, the reader 100 includes a reader module 120 and two antenna modules 110 arranged side by side, and each antenna module 110 is connected to the corresponding reader module 120 through a splitter switch module 121; the maximum radiation directions of the electromagnetic radiation fields of the two antenna modules 110 are intersected with each other in a plane perpendicular to the height direction of the housing 130; the housing 130 is provided with electromagnetic wave reflecting structures at both ends thereof in a length direction thereof, respectively.
When the antenna module 110 works, one path of input radio frequency signals is divided into four paths by the power division and phase shift control module 112, the energy of each path is the same, the phases are respectively 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees, the maximum radiation direction of a single antenna module 110 is subjected to phase shift deflection and combined with the reflection of a reflection structure at one adjacent end, and the maximum radiation direction deflection exceeds 20 degrees; meanwhile, the antenna modules 110 arranged side by side form a cross electromagnetic radiation field working in a time-sharing manner; only one side of the antenna module 110 opposite to the other antenna module 110 is provided with an electromagnetic wave reflection structure, so that a blind zone is prevented from being formed between the two antenna modules, and therefore, the coverage of the induction identification area is ensured.
Meanwhile, firstly, interference between the antenna modules 110 arranged side by side can be avoided through a time division mode; secondly, the electromagnetic radiation fields of the antenna modules 110 are partially overlapped, and can be covered in different radiation directions relative to the fixed spatial position of the electronic tag after parking, so that the influence caused by different vehicle body shapes and different placing angles can be effectively avoided, and the anti-interference capability in rainy days is improved; thirdly, the readers 100 correspond to the set induction identification areas 300 one by one, the readers 100 work independently, the parking space number can be determined through the readers 100, and the reader can be suitable for vehicle identification under the conditions of cross-line parking and the like by matching with the relative position setting of the induction identification areas 300 and the parking spaces 500; fourthly, each set of reader 100 works independently, the use amount of radio frequency wires is reduced, the cost is reduced, the failure rate is reduced, and possible influence on other readers 100 after a certain reader 100 fails is avoided; fifthly, through deflection, the radiation is not weakened in the direction of deflecting 80 degrees along the width direction of the road surface, the radiation of two corners on one side of the road edge stone 400 close to the induction identification area is realized, the blind area of the road edge is avoided being closed, and the situation that the road edge is too close to and possibly cannot be identified is avoided.
In order to further reduce the implementation cost, the splitter switch module 121, the reader module 120, and each antenna module 110 included in the reader 100 are disposed in the mounting cavity of the corresponding housing 130. The integrated reader 100 can reduce the use amount of the radio frequency wire 160 and reduce the construction amount of embedding installation.
Further, a panel 133 is formed by a side portion of the housing 130 adjacent to the radiation direction side of the antenna module 110, and the antenna module 110 is mounted on an upper portion of the mounting cavity adjacent to the panel 133. The antenna module 110 is installed in the installation cavity at a position adjacent to the panel 133, and can ensure a sufficient width while suppressing; and the upper part can avoid the shielding of the lower part after being embedded, and the reflection of the ground can be effectively utilized.
In order to increase the gain, a panel 133 is further formed by a side portion of the housing 130 adjacent to the side of the antenna module 110 in the radiation direction, and an electromagnetic wave reflecting structure is provided on the other side of the housing 130 opposite to the panel 133.
The reader 100 may be installed in a suitable manner and its housing structure according to the roadside accessory facilities of the road, but since there is a large risk of being scratched when parking in a side position, it is preferable to adopt an embedded installation as shown in fig. 4 and 5 to avoid damage to the antenna module 30 due to scratching and collision. The cross-sectional shape of the housing 130 may be triangular, semicircular, and the like, and for facilitating the embedding construction, preferably, the housing 130 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and includes a top plate 131, a bottom plate 132, a face plate 133, a back plate 134, and two end side plates 135, wherein the top plate 131, the face plate 133, the back plate 134, and the two end side plates 135 are integrally formed covers made of an electromagnetic wave penetrating material, the bottom plate 132 is detachably and fixedly mounted at the bottoms of the covers, and the inner surfaces of the two end side plates 135 and the back plate 134 of the covers are respectively provided with a reflective layer.
After the embedded installation, due to the possible stepping, further, the outer surfaces of the side plates 135 at the two ends are provided with grooves 143 side by side, the grooves 143 extend from the bottoms of the side plates 135 to the upper parts of the side plates 135 along the height of the shell 130, and reinforcing ribs 144 are formed by the protrusions between the grooves 143; ribs 145 are arranged side by side on the inner surface of the top plate 131 along the thickness of the shell 130; the joint of the top plate 131 and the panel 133 is provided with an inclined plane 139; two sides and the bottom edge of the panel 133 are respectively provided with a waterproof wrapping 138. The reinforcing ribs 144 are used for improving the longitudinal strength of the side plates 135, and the grooves 143 can improve the bonding strength after embedding; the ribs 145 are for improving the supporting strength of the top plate 131 and preventing the formation of depressions due to stepping; the inclined surface 139 is used for avoiding the damage which can be caused when a person steps on the edge of the road edge; the waterproof edge cover 138 can prevent rainwater and the like from entering the joint surface.
Further, a longitudinal antenna mounting plate 136 and a horizontal reader module mounting plate 137 are arranged in the housing 130, and are arranged in a T shape; a group of top blocks 141 are arranged at the bottom of the inner surface of the panel 133 of the shell 130, notches 146 are arranged at positions of the ribs 145 corresponding to the antenna mounting plate 136, limit blocks 142 are arranged at the inner surfaces of the side plates 135 at the two ends, a stop block 147 is arranged at a position of the bottom plate 132 adjacent to the top blocks 141, and a support plate 148 is arranged at a position of the bottom plate 132 adjacent to the limit blocks 142; the top of the antenna mounting plate 136 is fixed by a notch 146, and the bottom of the antenna mounting plate is fixed by a top block 141 and a stop block 147; the two sides of the reader module mounting plate 137 are limited and fixed by the antenna mounting plate 136 and the back plate 134, and the two ends are clamped and fixed by the supporting plate 148 and the limiting block 142. The structure is convenient to assemble, only the bottom plate 132 needs to be fixed by screws, and secondly, the T-shaped arrangement is adopted, when collision and hanging occur, the panel 133 sequentially transfers force through the contact limiting block 141, the rib 145, the antenna mounting plate 136 and the reader module mounting plate 137, so that the damage of the depression in the middle of the panel 133 to the antenna part is avoided, and a space is provided for the deformation of the panel 133.
For further convenience, the panel 133 of the base plate 132 is inserted into one side of the base plate and fixed to the screw post 149 at the other side.
In addition, the reader can be used in coordination with geomagnetic induction identification.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810724692.2A CN109033910B (en) | 2018-07-04 | 2018-07-04 | Reader for ultrahigh frequency passive RFID (radio frequency identification) in-road parking management system |
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| CN201810724692.2A CN109033910B (en) | 2018-07-04 | 2018-07-04 | Reader for ultrahigh frequency passive RFID (radio frequency identification) in-road parking management system |
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| CN109033910B true CN109033910B (en) | 2021-09-21 |
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| CN109033910A (en) | 2018-12-18 |
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