CN1086323C - Technology for casting and drawing steel-aluminum compounded electrically conductive wire - Google Patents
Technology for casting and drawing steel-aluminum compounded electrically conductive wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN1086323C CN1086323C CN98121022A CN98121022A CN1086323C CN 1086323 C CN1086323 C CN 1086323C CN 98121022 A CN98121022 A CN 98121022A CN 98121022 A CN98121022 A CN 98121022A CN 1086323 C CN1086323 C CN 1086323C
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种铸拉钢铝复合导线的方法，包括钢丝的表面处理、预热、铸拉复合和后处理四个环节、主要工艺参数为：钢丝预热温度500-800℃，铝液浇铸温度为750-950℃，咀子加热温度为800-1000℃，复合导线面缩率为8-20%，铸拉速度随钢丝预热温度和铝液浇铸温度的升高而降低，本发明的方法生产钢铝复合导线具有规格多、尺寸精度高，导电性能和表面质量好等优点。
A method for casting and drawing steel-aluminum composite conductors, including four steps of steel wire surface treatment, preheating, casting and drawing compounding, and post-treatment. The main process parameters are: steel wire preheating temperature 500-800 ° C, aluminum liquid casting temperature 750 -950°C, the nozzle heating temperature is 800-1000°C, the surface shrinkage of the composite wire is 8-20%, the casting and drawing speed decreases with the increase of the steel wire preheating temperature and the aluminum liquid casting temperature, the method of the present invention produces steel Aluminum composite wire has the advantages of many specifications, high dimensional accuracy, good electrical conductivity and surface quality.
Description
本发明属于材料冶金与成形领域。The invention belongs to the field of material metallurgy and forming.
现有的复合导线目前常用的生产方法主要有复合挤压法和浸镀法。其中浸镀法主要用于生产镀铝(或铜)钢丝，复层厚度只能达到2.30-75um；复合挤压法完全是依靠挤压轮的摩擦力把铝挤压包复在钢丝的表面，设备的功率很大，生产不连续，因此投资大，生产成本高；同时钢铝界面结合强度较差，易产生偏心现象，不能满足导电要求。The commonly used production methods of existing composite wires mainly include composite extrusion method and immersion plating method. Among them, the immersion plating method is mainly used to produce aluminum (or copper) steel wire, and the thickness of the cladding layer can only reach 2.30-75um; the composite extrusion method relies entirely on the friction of the extrusion wheel to wrap the aluminum extrusion on the surface of the steel wire. The power of the equipment is very high, and the production is discontinuous, so the investment is large and the production cost is high. At the same time, the bonding strength of the steel-aluminum interface is poor, and eccentricity is easy to occur, which cannot meet the electrical conductivity requirements.
本发明的目的在于提供一种流程短、生产成本低、投资少、结合强度高，可生产多种规格铸拉钢铝复合导线的方法。The object of the present invention is to provide a method with short process, low production cost, low investment, high bonding strength, and capable of producing cast-drawn steel-aluminum composite wires of various specifications.
本发明的内容：其工艺步骤主要包括：钢丝的表面处理、预热、铸拉复合和后处理四个环节。钢丝的表面处理包括：除油、酸洗、水洗和涂助焊剂，其主要目的是保证包复液体在钢丝表面充分润湿；钢丝的预热，是为了防止铝液温度降低，确保较好地润湿钢的表面。铸拉复合是把钢丝和铝液通过结晶器的冷却而结合在一起，主要包括三个部分：保温、凝固和变形。保温依靠保温炉来实现，其目的是使铝液的温度保持相对稳定。凝固由结晶器来实现，其作用是把钢丝和铝液组成的复合体冷却凝固，以达到复合的目的。变形在拉拔模中进行，使复合导线产生一定的变形，以改善铝层的机械性能、导电性能和表面质量。具体工艺过程是：首先进行钢丝的表面处理，将钢丝通过碱洗除油和水洗后再用硫酸或盐酸进行酸洗，以除掉钢丝表面的氧化铁，钢丝经过酸洗以后再经过水洗后涂助焊剂，助焊剂要涂得均匀；经过表面处理后使钢丝进入感应加热线圈进行预热，在这里表面涂有均匀助焊剂的钢丝经高频感应加热后，水份被蒸发，钢丝的温度得到较大提高；然后进行铸拉复合，使经过预热的钢丝进入保温炉内的铝液中，铝液在钢丝的表面充分润湿，助焊剂充分分解，使钢铝界面形成冶金结合。钢丝穿过铝液后表面已浸润铝液，表面载有铝液的钢丝进入结晶器，在通过结晶器时钢丝表面的铝液被强制冷却并很快凝固，然后进入拉拔模，在拉拔模中，由于复合体的温度还是比较高，铝层的屈服强度比钢要小的多，铝层将产生变形，使其机械性能得到提高，导电性能和表面质量也得到改善。经过铸拉复合后的钢铝复合导线进行后处理，后处理主要包括精拉和退火，退火温度为350℃±10℃，保温30分钟。以提高产品精度、表面质量和消除钢铝界面残余应力。本发明的工艺参数为：钢丝预热温度：500-800℃，铝液浇铸温度为750-950℃，咀子加热温度为800-1000℃复合导线面缩率：8-20％，铸拉速度随钢丝预热温度和铝液浇铸温度升高而降低，当钢丝温度和铝液温度为最高时，铸拉速度为10-14mm/s，当钢丝和铝液温度都降到最低时，铸拉速度为25-30mm/s。Contents of the present invention: the process steps mainly include four links: surface treatment of steel wire, preheating, casting-drawing composite and post-treatment. The surface treatment of the steel wire includes: degreasing, pickling, water washing and flux coating, the main purpose of which is to ensure that the coating liquid is fully wetted on the surface of the steel wire; the preheating of the steel wire is to prevent the temperature of the aluminum liquid from dropping and ensure a better Wet the steel surface. Casting and drawing composite is to combine steel wire and aluminum liquid through the cooling of the crystallizer. It mainly includes three parts: heat preservation, solidification and deformation. The heat preservation is realized by the heat preservation furnace, and its purpose is to keep the temperature of the molten aluminum relatively stable. The solidification is realized by the crystallizer, and its function is to cool and solidify the composite body composed of steel wire and molten aluminum to achieve the purpose of compounding. The deformation is carried out in the drawing die, so that the composite wire has a certain deformation, so as to improve the mechanical properties, electrical conductivity and surface quality of the aluminum layer. The specific process is: firstly carry out the surface treatment of the steel wire, and then pickle the steel wire with sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid to remove the iron oxide on the surface of the steel wire. Flux, the flux should be applied evenly; after surface treatment, the steel wire enters the induction heating coil for preheating, where the steel wire coated with uniform flux is heated by high-frequency induction, the water is evaporated, and the temperature of the steel wire is obtained. It is greatly improved; then casting and drawing compounding is carried out, so that the preheated steel wire enters the aluminum liquid in the holding furnace, the aluminum liquid is fully wetted on the surface of the steel wire, the flux is fully decomposed, and the steel-aluminum interface forms a metallurgical bond. After passing through the aluminum liquid, the surface of the steel wire has been soaked in the aluminum liquid, and the steel wire carrying the aluminum liquid on the surface enters the crystallizer. When passing through the crystallizer, the aluminum liquid on the surface of the steel wire is forced to cool and solidifies quickly, and then enters the drawing die. In the mold, because the temperature of the complex is still relatively high, the yield strength of the aluminum layer is much smaller than that of the steel, and the aluminum layer will be deformed, so that its mechanical properties are improved, and its electrical conductivity and surface quality are also improved. The post-treatment of the steel-aluminum composite wire after casting and drawing composite mainly includes fine drawing and annealing. To improve product precision, surface quality and eliminate residual stress at the steel-aluminum interface. The process parameters of the present invention are: steel wire preheating temperature: 500-800°C, aluminum liquid casting temperature: 750-950°C, nozzle heating temperature: 800-1000°C composite wire shrinkage rate: 8-20%, casting and pulling speed It decreases with the increase of steel wire preheating temperature and molten aluminum casting temperature. When the temperature of steel wire and molten aluminum is the highest, the casting and drawing speed is 10-14mm/s. When the temperature of steel wire and molten aluminum drops to the lowest, the casting and drawing The speed is 25-30mm/s.
下面以附图和实施例进一步叙述本发明的内容。Further describe content of the present invention with accompanying drawing and embodiment below.
图1为本发明工艺流程示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention;
图2为本发明方法的设备结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the equipment structure schematic diagram of the inventive method;
图3为本发明所用设备中咀子和结晶器衔接处剖面图；Fig. 3 is the sectional view of mouth and crystallizer junction in the equipment used in the present invention;
图4为本发明所用设备中结晶器与拉拔模衔接处剖面图。Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the joint between the crystallizer and the drawing die in the equipment used in the present invention.
图中，1中间包，2加热线圈，3保温炉，4咀子，5结晶器，6冷却水出口，7拉拔模，8复合导线，9冷却水入口，10隔热垫。In the figure, 1 tundish, 2 heating coil, 3 holding furnace, 4 nozzle, 5 crystallizer, 6 cooling water outlet, 7 drawing die, 8 composite wire, 9 cooling water inlet, 10 heat insulation pad.
实施例，Ф11mm铝包钢复合导线的制作。Example, production of Ф11mm aluminum-clad steel composite wire.
选钢丝直径为Ф4.5mm，咀子用高纯石墨制作，内孔直径为11mm，结晶器采用紫铜制作，内径为12mm，壁厚为5mm，拉拔模用耐热钢制成，模的入口直径为12.5mm，变形后的出口直径为11mm，定径带长不大于2mm。按照上述的方法将钢丝经过碱洗、水洗、酸洗后再水洗，均匀地涂上助焊剂等前处理工序把钢丝穿入设备并固定在铸拉引头上，钢丝经过感应加热线圈预热，预热温度为700℃，把咀子加热到预定温度。然后进行铸拉复合，铝液浇注温度为850℃，在浇铸开始10-14秒后开动拉拔设备，铸拉速度为11.5mm/s，即铸拉出Ф11mm的铝包钢复合导线。The selected wire diameter is Ф4.5mm, the nozzle is made of high-purity graphite, the inner hole diameter is 11mm, the crystallizer is made of red copper, the inner diameter is 12mm, the wall thickness is 5mm, the drawing die is made of heat-resistant steel, the entrance of the die is The diameter is 12.5mm, the diameter of the outlet after deformation is 11mm, and the length of the sizing belt is not more than 2mm. According to the above method, the steel wire is washed with alkali, washed with water, pickled with water, evenly coated with flux and other pretreatment processes. The steel wire is threaded into the equipment and fixed on the casting puller. The steel wire is preheated by the induction heating coil. The preheating temperature is 700°C, and the nozzle is heated to the predetermined temperature. Then carry out casting and drawing compounding, the pouring temperature of molten aluminum is 850°C, start the drawing equipment 10-14 seconds after the casting starts, the casting and drawing speed is 11.5mm/s, that is, the aluminum-clad steel composite wire of Ф11mm is cast and drawn.
本发明的方法生产钢铝复合导线具有尺寸精度高，导电性能和表面质量好的优点，不但可生产多种规格铝包钢复合导线而且还可生产长跨度架空线、送电线和配电线。The method for producing steel-aluminum composite conductors has the advantages of high dimensional accuracy, good electrical conductivity and surface quality, and can not only produce aluminum-clad steel composite conductors of various specifications, but also produce long-span overhead lines, transmission lines and distribution lines.
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Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98121022A CN1086323C (en) | 1998-11-27 | 1998-11-27 | Technology for casting and drawing steel-aluminum compounded electrically conductive wire |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98121022A CN1086323C (en) | 1998-11-27 | 1998-11-27 | Technology for casting and drawing steel-aluminum compounded electrically conductive wire |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1255413A CN1255413A (en) | 2000-06-07 |
| CN1086323C true CN1086323C (en) | 2002-06-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN98121022A Expired - Fee Related CN1086323C (en) | 1998-11-27 | 1998-11-27 | Technology for casting and drawing steel-aluminum compounded electrically conductive wire |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113755849A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-12-07 | 张进辉 | Cast-drawn steel-aluminum composite conductor processing equipment for high-speed rail junction box |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102133582B (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2013-04-24 | 北京科技大学 | Mold/non-mode combined pulling process and device |
| CN102133583A (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2011-07-27 | 北京科技大学 | Die/dieless integrated drawing process and device |
| CN103213328A (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-07-24 | 南通市万盟铝线有限公司 | Flexible aluminum-clad steel wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN106002101A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-10-12 | 金锢电气有限公司 | Production method of copper aluminium conducting bar |
| CN106513602A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-03-22 | 天津炜润达新材料科技有限公司 | Continuous production line technology process of steel wire aluminum |
| CN112404378B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-08-30 | 山东百斯特铝业科技有限公司 | Processing method of anti-bending aluminum bar composite high-strength steel wire |
| CN115365467A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-11-22 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of production device and production method of composite long material |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1112039A (en) * | 1994-05-14 | 1995-11-22 | 潘代发 | Metal casting and drawing method and apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1112039A (en) * | 1994-05-14 | 1995-11-22 | 潘代发 | Metal casting and drawing method and apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113755849A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-12-07 | 张进辉 | Cast-drawn steel-aluminum composite conductor processing equipment for high-speed rail junction box |
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