CN105149531B - A kind of device and process for preparing metal bag long carbon fiber covering material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a process method for preparing a metal-clad long carbon fiber cladding material, which belong to the field of metal cladding materials. The device of the invention is composed of a water cooler, a high-temperature drawing die, heat preservation and anti-oxidation slag, a molten metal crucible, a long carbon fiber preheating die, a heat-insulating gasket, an anti-oxidation cover and the like. The shape of the central hole of the thermal insulation gasket is circular or nearly circular, which matches the cross-sectional shape of the long carbon fiber. The lower part of the long carbon fiber preheating mold is located in the anti-oxidation cover, and the molten metal in the molten metal crucible flows into the central hole of the preheating mold. In the gap between the long carbon fiber and the long carbon fiber, the metal liquid gradually solidifies in the preheating mold, wraps the long carbon fiber inside the metal, and then passes through the crucible from bottom to top at a certain speed, and contacts with the molten metal liquid in the crucible. solidified in the same direction, after high-temperature drawing dies, the finished product of metal-clad carbon fiber cladding material with good combination and precise size is finally obtained. The cladding material of the present invention has short production process, high interface bonding strength, high yield and low cost, which ensures the metal and long-term Full integration of carbon fiber.

Description

A device and process method for preparing metal clad long carbon fiber cladding material

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of metal coating materials, and relates to equipment and a process for preparing metal-coated long carbon fiber coating materials by reverse solidification high-temperature drawing.

Background technique

Composite materials such as copper-clad aluminum and silver-clad aluminum are bimetallic composite materials with a concentric copper (or silver) layer on the aluminum core. They are mainly used for high-frequency current transmission conductors. According to the principle of "skin effect", high-frequency The current is only concentrated on the metal layer such as copper (silver) on the surface of the conductor, so the metal composite conductor has the same transmission performance as the pure metal conductor, but the metal composite conductor is light in weight and low in cost, so the metal composite conductor has greater Prospects.

Although it is very economical to prepare a composite conductor with a thin-walled copper (silver, aluminum, etc.) tube, its tensile strength is low, and it is prone to cracking when the cable is subjected to tensile force, which affects the transmission of current. For example, although the copper-clad aluminum composite conductor that is currently researched more greatly reduces the weight of the conductor and saves costs, but because the tensile strength of aluminum is lower than that of copper, the tensile strength of the copper-clad aluminum composite conductor is lower than that of copper conductors. In many occasions, due to insufficient tensile strength, its popularization and application are limited.

Since the tensile strength of long carbon fiber is the highest (about 7000MPa), the tensile strength of pure copper is only 150MPa, the tensile strength of pure aluminum is lower at 59MPa, and the density of long carbon fiber is smaller, so by filling a bunch of Long carbon fibers can significantly increase the tensile strength of metals and reduce weight. Therefore, the preparation of metal-clad long carbon fiber cladding materials has important application value, and has important promotion significance for the popularization and use of copper-clad aluminum and other metal composite conductors.

At present, there is no relevant report on the preparation of metal clad carbon fiber cladding materials. The traditional methods of producing clad metal composite materials include electroplating, rolling and cladding welding. The common disadvantages are: complicated process, low production efficiency, and interface quality control. High difficulty.

The reverse solidification process is a near-net-shape thin strip continuous casting technology jointly developed by the German Mannesmann Group and Aachen University of Technology in 1989. It can be used to produce the same material as the solidified layer and the parent strip, which is different from the widely used explosive Compared with composite and rolling composite technology, it has the characteristics of high efficiency, low energy consumption, continuous and short process, so it has attracted attention as soon as it is proposed. The principle of the reverse solidification process is to use a hot-rolled or cold-rolled steel strip of a certain thickness as the parent strip, and the low-temperature parent strip passes through the molten steel at a certain height in the coagulator at a certain speed; The two surfaces of the two surfaces solidify and grow to form a new phase solidified layer (referred to as a new phase layer); when leaving the surface of the molten steel in the solidifier, the new phase layer and the parent belt are firmly combined to form a cast belt that is several times thicker than the original parent belt. However, there is no relevant research and report on the production of metal-clad long carbon fiber cladding materials by this process. Therefore, compared with the existing technology before the filing date, the present invention has outstanding substantive features and significant progress.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problems of long production process, low interface bonding strength, low yield and high cost in the existing preparation method of coating materials, and provide a short process, high efficiency, energy saving and consumption reduction, composite A metal-clad long carbon fiber composite material with a well-interfaced reverse solidification high-temperature drawing preparation equipment and process.

The invention relates to a device for preparing a high-temperature drawing of a metal-clad long carbon fiber-coated material, which is characterized in that it includes a traction device, a limit clamp, a water cooler, a high-temperature drawing die, a thermocouple, heat preservation and anti-oxidation slag, and molten metal , Molten metal crucible, long carbon fiber preheating mold, heat insulation gasket 1, anti-oxidation cover, heat insulation gasket 2; inert gas inlet, inert gas outlet, long carbon fiber and introduction device. The opening of the molten metal crucible is covered with thermal insulation and anti-oxidation slag. The upper part of the crucible is equipped with a thermocouple for measuring the temperature of the molten metal; The oxidation cover is tightly connected together, the lower end of the preheating mold is equipped with a heat insulating gasket, the opening of the molten metal crucible is covered with thermal insulation and anti-oxidation slag, and the upper part of the crucible is equipped with a thermocouple for measuring the temperature of the molten metal; the upper end of the long carbon fiber preheating mold is worn The bottom of the molten metal crucible is inserted into the molten metal, and the bottom of the molten metal crucible is tightly connected with the anti-oxidation cover through a heat-insulating gasket. There is a high-temperature drawing die, and the upper end of the drawing die is equipped with a water cooler, and the upper part of the water cooler is equipped with a limit fixture and a traction device.

The shape of the central hole of the heat insulation gasket is round or nearly round, which matches the cross-sectional shape of the long carbon fiber. On the one hand, it prevents the heat loss in the preheating mold, and on the other hand, it prevents the molten metal in the crucible from flowing out through the preheating mold; The lower part of the carbon fiber preheating mold is located in the anti-oxidation cover, and there is an inert gas inside to prevent the long carbon fiber from being oxidized during the preheating process; after the long carbon fiber is preheated to a certain temperature by the preheating mold, the molten metal in the molten metal crucible flows into the preheating In the gap between the central hole of the hot mold and the long carbon fiber, because the temperature of the preheating mold is lower than the melting point of the metal liquid, the temperature of the liquid metal on the surface of the long carbon fiber drops rapidly, and along with the infiltration, adhesion, and condensation of the liquid metal on the surface of the long carbon fiber, the metal and Good metallurgical bonding of the long carbon fiber interface, the molten metal gradually solidifies in the preheating mold, wraps the long carbon fiber inside the metal, then passes through the crucible from bottom to top at a certain speed, and contacts with the molten metal in the crucible, Relying on the heat transfer between the solid coating material formed in the preheating mold and the molten metal, reverse solidification to obtain a metal-clad long carbon fiber coated billet with a certain coating thickness, and the coated billet that has just left the surface of the molten metal is in a high temperature state. At this time, it is easier for the high-temperature drawing die to reduce its diameter and improve the surface quality of the billet, and finally obtain a finished metal-clad long carbon fiber clad material with good bonding and precise dimensions.

The temperature of the long carbon fiber preheating mold is in the range of 200-600 °C below the liquidus temperature of the corresponding cladding metal, and the temperature of the molten metal crucible is set from the liquidus line of the corresponding cladding metal to 200 °C above the liquidus line. The running speed of carbon fiber is 0-3m/min, and the water flow speed in the water cooler is controlled at 3-12m/s.

The metal liquid is aluminum liquid, silver liquid and copper liquid.

The advantages of the present invention are:

1. Good control of the composite effect of a metal and long carbon fiber interface. During the composite process, the speed at which the long carbon fiber passes through the molten metal can be precisely controlled to ensure sufficient contact reaction between the molten metal and the long carbon fiber. The infiltration, adhesion, and condensation of the carbon fiber surface realize the control of a good metallurgical bond between a metal and the long carbon fiber interface.

2. High dimensional accuracy. A metal clad long carbon fiber cladding material can be drawn and reduced in time at high temperature. The high temperature drawing die plays a key role in controlling the high dimensional accuracy of the cladding material.

3. High efficiency, easy to efficiently realize the integration of a metal and long carbon fiber coating and processing and forming into a product after coating.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the equipment and process for reverse solidification and high-temperature drawing of a metal-clad long carbon fiber cladding material.

1) traction device; (2) limit fixture; (3) water cooler; (4) finished metal clad carbon fiber cladding material; (5) high temperature drawing die; (6) thermocouple; (7) heat preservation and anti-corrosion Oxidation slag; (8) molten metal; (9) molten metal crucible; (10) long carbon fiber preheating mold; (11) heat insulation gasket one; (12) anti-oxidation cover; (13) heat insulation gasket two; (14) Inert gas inlet; (15) Inert gas outlet; (16) Long carbon fiber and introduction device.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Example 1

Preparation of copper-clad long carbon fiber clad material by reverse solidification and high temperature drawing

The outer metal diameter of the copper-clad long carbon fiber cladding material is 12mm, and the diameter of the long carbon fiber bundle at the core is 3mm. The molten metal crucible is heated by electromagnetic induction heating. The temperature of the copper metal liquid is 1200°C, and the temperature of the long carbon fiber preheating mold The temperature is 800°C, the heating method is resistance heating, the running speed of the long carbon fiber is 1.2m/min, the water flow speed in the water cooler is 8m/s, the diameter reduction and surface quality of the copper-clad long carbon fiber-coated billet after the high-temperature drawing die Improvement, the finished product of copper-clad long carbon fiber cladding material with good metallurgical bonding and precise size has been obtained.

Example 2

Fabrication of aluminum clad long carbon fiber cladding materials by reverse solidification and high temperature drawing

The outer metal diameter of the aluminum-clad long carbon fiber cladding material is 14mm, and the diameter of the long carbon fiber bundle in the core is 2mm. The molten metal crucible is heated by electromagnetic induction heating. The temperature of the aluminum metal liquid is 750°C, and the temperature of the long carbon fiber preheating mold The temperature is 300°C, the heating method is resistance heating, the running speed of the long carbon fiber is 0.8m/min, the water flow speed in the water cooler is 6m/s, and the diameter reduction and surface quality of the aluminum-clad long carbon fiber-coated billet through the high-temperature drawing die Improvement, the finished product of aluminum-clad long carbon fiber cladding material with good metallurgical bonding and precise size has been obtained.

Example 3

Preparation of silver-coated long carbon fiber cladding material by reverse solidification and high temperature drawing

The outer metal diameter of the long carbon fiber cladding material wrapped in silver is 10mm, and the diameter of the long carbon fiber bundle at the core is 4mm. The molten metal crucible is heated by electromagnetic induction heating. The temperature of the silver metal liquid is 1100°C, and the temperature of the long carbon fiber preheating mold The temperature is 600°C, the heating method is resistance heating, the running speed of the long carbon fiber is 1.0m/min, the water flow speed in the water cooler is 8m/s, the diameter reduction and surface quality of the silver-coated long carbon fiber-coated billet after the high-temperature drawing die Improvement, the finished product of silver-coated long carbon fiber cladding material with good metallurgical bonding and precise size has been obtained.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of device for preparing metal bag long carbon fiber covering material, it is characterised in that：Including draw-gear (1), limiting card Have (2), water cooler (3), high temperature drawing die (5), thermocouple (6), insulation oxygen slugging (7), molten metal (8), molten metallic crucible (9), the pre- hot-die of long carbon fiber (10), heat insulation sealing gasket one (11), anti-oxidation cover (12), heat insulation sealing gasket two (13)；Indifferent gas Body air inlet (14), inert gas gas outlet (15), long carbon fiber and introducing device (16)；Covered at molten metallic crucible (9) opening Lid insulation oxygen slugging (7), thermocouple (6) of the crucible top equipped with measurement molten metal (8) temperature；The pre- hot-die of long carbon fiber (10) Upper end pass through molten metallic crucible (9) bottom to insert in the molten metal for reverse solidification, molten metallic crucible bottom passes through heat-insulated Together with sealing gasket one (11) is closely connected firmly with anti-oxidation cover (12), pre- hot-die lower end is equipped with heat insulation sealing gasket two (13), melts gold Molten metal is pressed close to equipped with high temperature drawing die (5) in category crucible upper end center position, and drawing die upper end is furnished with water cooler (3), water cooler Top be equipped with locating chucking tools (2) and draw-gear (1).

2. the process of metal bag long carbon fiber covering material is prepared using the device described in claim 1, it is characterised in that： The center hole shape of heat insulation sealing gasket is circular or subcircular, is matched with long carbon fiber cross sectional shape；The pre- hot-die of long carbon fiber Bottom be located at anti-oxidation cover in；Long carbon fiber melts the molten metal in metallic crucible after pre- hot-die is preheating to certain temperature In the gap for flowing into pre- hot-die centre bore and long carbon fiber, because pre- hot-die temperature is less than molten metal fusing point, long carbon fiber surface Liquid metal temperature reduce rapidly, liquid metal infiltrates on long carbon fiber surface, attachment, condense, and realizes that metal and long carbon are fine Tie up the good metallurgical binding in interface, molten metal is gradually solidified in pre- hot-die, and long carbon fiber is coated on into metal inside, then with Certain speed from bottom to top passes through crucible, is in contact with the molten metal melted in crucible, and reverse solidification obtains certain clad The metal bag long carbon fiber cladding blank of thickness, carries out high temperature drawing to the cladding blank for just leaving molten metal surface, obtains Metal bag long carbon fiber covering material finished product.

3. the process according to claim 2 for preparing metal bag long carbon fiber covering material, it is characterised in that：Long carbon The pre- hot-die of fiber (10) temperature is 200~600 DEG C below the liquidus temperature of corresponding cladding metal of scope, melts metallic crucible (9) temperature is set as more than liquidus curve to the liquidus curve of corresponding cladding metal 200 DEG C of scope, and the speed of service of long carbon fiber is Water velocity control is in 3~12m/s in 0~3m/min, water cooler (3).

4. the process according to claim 2 for preparing metal bag long carbon fiber covering material, it is characterised in that：Metal Liquid is aluminium liquid, silvering solution, copper liquid.

5. the process according to claim 2 for preparing metal bag long carbon fiber covering material, it is characterised in that：Oxygen Change in cover and be connected with inert gas, prevent from being oxidized in long carbon fiber warm.