CN108486080A - 一种环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/10—Transferases (2.)
- C12N9/1048—Glycosyltransferases (2.4)
- C12N9/1051—Hexosyltransferases (2.4.1)
- C12N9/1074—Cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase (2.4.1.19)
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- C12P19/44—Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides
- C12P19/60—Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides having an oxygen of the saccharide radical directly bound to a non-saccharide heterocyclic ring or a condensed ring system containing a non-saccharide heterocyclic ring, e.g. coumermycin, novobiocin
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶及其制备方法,属于遗传工程和酶工程领域。本发明通过对P.macerans strain JFB05‑01(CCTCC NO:M208063)的CGTase的156位的丙氨酸(Ala)分别替换为赖氨酸(Lys)、谷氨酰胺(Gln)和缬氨酸(Val),使染料木素糖基化效率分别提高了23%、44%和32%。这些突变酶比野生型CGTase更利于催化生产糖基化染料木素。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶及其制备方法,属于遗传工程和酶工程领域。
背景技术
染料木素(又名金雀异黄素、染料木黄酮等)被认为是一种活性功能最高的大豆异黄酮类物质。在豆科植物中,染料木素经常以其葡萄糖苷衍生物即染料木苷(又名4',5,7-三羟异黄酮-7-糖苷)的形式存在。染料木素在人体及动物细胞中具有广泛的药理学功效。主要表现为:1)具有化学防癌(乳腺癌和前列腺癌等)作用。染料木素具有类雌性激素及抗激素作用,可以抑制肿瘤细胞合成过程中相关酶的活性,在肿瘤细胞形成过程中抑制肿瘤血管增生,延缓或阻止肿瘤变成癌细胞。2)可以预防心血管疾病。染料木素会激发低密度的脂蛋白受体产生正向调节作用,同时可以促进胆固醇的清除,抑制血小板的凝集,对于动脉粥样硬化等疾病具有预防和治疗作用。3)可以预防绝经后疾病。染料木素是典型的植物雌激素,所具有的雌激素活性能够缓解妇女更年期综合症及预防绝经后疾病。4)抗骨质疏松作用。染料木素的雌激素活性能够激活雌激素受体,提高成骨细胞活性;另外还可以增加骨密度,抑制骨量丢失,对骨质疏松具有较好的改善作用。
然而,染料木素具有很强疏水性,几乎不溶于水,在一般的有机溶媒中溶解度较差,而易溶于二甲基亚砜等有机溶剂。由于染料木素在水溶液中的溶解度极低,不仅限制了其作为食品添加剂、化妆品以及其他水溶性产品的应用,而且也大大降低了其作为口服药物及静脉注射药剂的药用效果,限制了其医药行业中的应用。因此,如何提高染料木素在水溶液中的溶解度,成为目前国内外关注的焦点。其中研究较多的是染料木素的糖基化衍生物。据报道二葡萄糖基染料木素和三葡萄糖基染料木素在水中的溶解度分别是染料木素的3700倍和44000倍。糖基化染料木素相比与染料木素具有如下优点:1)与染料木素具有相似的生理生化功能;2)在体内水解为可被人体吸收的葡萄糖与染料木素,安全性较高;3)与染料木素相比水溶性明显的改善,拓展了其的应用范围。因此,糖基化染料木素具有十分重要的应用价值。环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶(EC 2.4.1.19)是目前常见的催化糖基化反应的酶。但是,由于环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶(CGTase)对染料木素糖基化效率(转化率)较低,因此,通过分子改造CGTase技术提高其对染料木素糖基化效率,将推动与染料木素糖基衍生物相关行业的快速发展。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种染料木素糖基化效率提高的环糊精糖基转移酶,与(GenBank accession no.JX412224)所示的环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶的氨基酸序列相比,包括对第156位的丙氨酸进行突变。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶来源于软化类芽孢杆菌(Peanibacillus macerans)。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶的获得方法为以GenBank JX412224公布的基因为出发基因,将第156位的丙氨酸分别突变成谷氨酰胺A156N,赖氨酸A156K,缬氨酸A156V。
编码所述环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶的核苷酸序列。
表达述环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶的基因工程菌或转基因细胞系。
本发明要解决的另一个技术问题是提供一种产环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶基因工程菌的构建方法,具体步骤如下:
1)采用化学全合成或PCR方法克隆编码所述环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶基因;
2)将步骤1)获得的环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶基因连接到大肠杆菌表达载体,得到重组表达载体;
3)将步骤2)获得的重组表达载体转化大肠杆菌BL21得到基因工程菌。
所述的克隆、转化方法为本领域常规的分子操作方法。
本发明需要解决的另一个技术问题是提供一种所述的环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶的生产方法,以产环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶突变体的基因工程菌为生产菌株,活化后按2-4%接种量将种子液接至含75-100μg/mL氨苄青霉素的TB液体培养基;大肠杆菌在30~37℃振荡培养至OD600=0.6~0.8,加入0.01-0.02mM终浓度的IPTG诱导胞外表达,并在23-25℃继续振荡培养一定时间85~95h后,将发酵液于4-6℃、8000-10000rpm离心15-20min除菌体,收集富含环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶的上清液;经硫酸铵盐析,透析,以及镍柱亲和层析,获得较纯的环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶并冻干备用。
本发明的有益效果:本发明构建了3个有意义的突变体,A156V,A156K及A156N,它们相比于野生型CGTase利用麦芽糊精为糖基供体生产糖基化染料木素时,转化率分别提高了32%,23%和44%。均实现了环糊精糖基转移酶对染料木素糖基化效率的提高,以麦芽糊精为糖基供体,染料木素为糖基受体,所产糖基化染料木素总产量均高于野生型CGTase,更利于糖基化染料木素工业化生产。
附图说明
图1不同反应时间下野生型CGTase和突变型酶催化染料木素糖基化反应的转化率。
具体实施方式
实施例1:染料木素糖基化效率提高的环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶
本发明的环糊精糖基转移酶是在GenBank JX412224公布的基因序列基础上,对其成熟区156位点丙氨酸替换为其他氨基酸,具体获得了3种突变体,分别为A156K、A156V、A156N。
可以通过化学全合成或PCR的方式将其成熟区的3个位点进行氨基酸的取代。
实施例2:染料木素糖基化效率提高的环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶的制备方法
本例以PCR方法为例进行说明,但被发明的保护并不限于仅通过PCR方法获得突变的方法。突变体酶A156K、A156V、A156N的制备方法如下:
1)定点突变
突变体酶A156K、A156V及A156N的定点突变,以表达载体cgt/pET-20b(+)1(1.Han,R.Z.,Ge,B.B.,Jiang,M.Y.,Xu,G.C.,Dong,J.J.,and Ni,Y.(2017)High production ofgenistein diglucoside derivative using cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase fromPaenibacillus macerans,J Ind Microbiol Biot 44,1343-1354.)为模板,引入A156K密码子的定点突变引物为:
正向引物:5'-GCTTTGCAGAAAATGGTAAACTGTA-3',下划线为突变碱基;
反向引物:5'-GAGCCGTTATCATACAGTTTACCAT-3',下划线为突变碱基。
引入A156V密码子的定点突变引物为:
正向引物:5'-GCAGAAAATGGTGTTCTGTAT-3',下划线为突变碱基;
反向引物:5'-GTTATCATACAGAACACCATT-3',下划线为突变碱基。
引入A156N密码子的定点突变引物为:
正向引物:5'-GCAGAAAATGGTAACCTGTATGATA-3',下划线为突变碱基;
反向引物:5'-GCCGTTATCATACAGGTTACCAT-3',下划线为突变碱基。
PCR反应体系均为:5×PrimeSTAR Buffer(Mg2+Plus)5μL,2.5mM dNTPs 4μL,10μM正向引物1μL,10μM反向引物1μL,模板DNA 1μL,2.5U/μL PrimeSTAR Taq HS 0.5μL,加入双蒸水至50μL;
PCR产物扩增条件均为:98℃预变性3min;随后进行98℃10s,57℃15s,72℃6min,30个循环;最后72℃保温10min;
PCR产物经Dpn I处理,转化大肠杆菌JM109感受态细胞,感受态细胞在含100μg/mL氨苄青霉素的LB固体培养基培养过夜后,挑单克隆于含100μg/mL氨苄青霉素的LB液体培养基中培养,后提取质粒,将突变质粒转化表达宿主大肠杆菌BL 21(DE3)感受态细胞,所有质粒均测序正确;
2)突变体表达与纯化:
挑取转入表达宿主大肠杆菌BL 21(DE3)的单克隆于含100μg/mL氨苄青霉素的LB液体培养基中培养生长8~10h,按4%接种量将种子发酵液接到含100μg/mL氨苄青霉素的TB液体培养基;大肠杆菌在30℃摇床培养至OD600=0.6~0.8,加入0.01mM终浓度的IPTG诱导胞外表达,并在25℃摇床继续培养发酵85~95h后,将发酵液于4℃、10000rpm离心20min除菌体,收集上清液。
上清液中加入30%固体硫酸铵盐析过夜,4℃、10000rpm离心20min,取沉淀物用适量含20mM磷酸钠、0.5M氯化钠、20mM咪唑、pH7.4的缓冲液A溶解,并在缓冲液A中透析过夜后,通过0.22μm膜过滤后制成上样样品;Ni亲和柱用缓冲液A平衡后,将上样样品吸入Ni柱,使之完全吸附后,分别用缓冲液A、含20-480mM咪唑的缓冲液A、含480mM咪唑的缓冲液A的洗脱,流速1mL/min,检测波长为280nm,分部收集含CGTase酶活的洗脱液;活力组分在50mM磷酸钠缓冲液(pH=6)中透析过夜后,分别得到纯化突变体酶A156K、A156V、A156N,并冻干备用。
实施例3:本实施例说明酶活分析及染料木素糖基化的检测。
酶活测定方法:
甲基橙法测定α-环化活力的方法:取适当稀释的酶液0.1mL,加入装有0.9mL预先用50mM磷酸缓冲液(pH6.5)配制的3%可溶性淀粉溶液中,在40℃下反应10min后,加入1.0mL 1.0M的盐酸停止反应,再加入1.0mL用50mM磷酸缓冲液配制的0.1mM甲基橙,在16℃下保温20min,在505nm下测定吸光度。一个酶活单位定义在该条件下每分钟生成1μmolα-环糊精所需酶量。
淀粉水解活力测定方法:将适量的酶液加入到含1%可溶性淀粉的50mM磷酸缓冲液中(pH 6.5),50℃反应10min,然后用DNS法测定还原糖浓度。一个酶活单位定义在该条件下每分钟生成1μmol还原糖所需酶量。
歧化反应活力测定方法:将含有6mM供体底物4-硝基苯基-α-D-麦芽庚糖-4-6-O-亚乙基(EPS)和10mM受体底物麦芽糖的10mM柠檬酸缓冲液(pH 6.0)在50℃保温10min中,然后加入适当稀释的酶液0.1mL反应,每0.5min取100μL反应样品加入20μL 1.2M HCl(4℃),然后在60℃保温10min使CGTase失活。随后,加入20μL 1.2M NaOH中和,将样品加到磷酸缓冲液(pH7.0),并加入60μL(1U)α-糖苷酶于37℃反应60min。加入1mL 1M碳酸钠使样品pH升至8以上,在401nm波长下侧吸光值(ε401=18.4mM-1)。1单位酶活定义为每分钟转化1μmol的酶的量。
染料木素糖基化的方法:分别以麦芽糊精作为糖基供体,染料木素作为糖基受体,在所制备的CGTase的催化作用下,合成染料木素糖基化衍生物。具体过程如下:将染料木素溶解于二甲基亚砜(DMSO)中配制成终浓度为7.5g/L溶液;将麦芽糊精溶解于PBS缓冲液(50mM,pH 6.5)配制成终浓度为40g/L溶液;将冻干后的CGTase酶粉溶解于PBS缓冲液(50mM,pH 6.5)配制成终浓度为15g/L酶液。然后分别取300μL染料木素溶液,500μL α-环糊精溶液和200μL CGTase酶液混合于2mL的带盖小管内,放于40℃摇床缓慢振荡20~24h。反应液通过HPLC分析。
HPLC检测糖基化染料木素方法:酶反应样品通过0.22μm滤膜过滤,使用AmethystC18-H柱(4.6×250mm,Sepax,America)检测。具体检测条件如下表所示:
表1 HPLC检测糖基化染料木素条件
2)酶活比较:实验结果见下表,将上述突变体表达获得的突变体纯酶制品与野生菌纯酶制品相比,可以发现:
突变体酶A156K和A156N的α-环化活力比WT略有上升,而突变酶A156V的α-环化活力降低至WT的50%左右。
表2原始酶和突变体酶活性质比较
突变体酶A156K和A156N的α-环化活力比WT略有上升,而突变酶A156V的α-环化活力降低至WT的50%左右;
突变体酶A156K和A156V淀粉水解活力与WT相比变化不大,而突变酶A156N的淀粉水解活力较WT提高了26.8%;
突变体酶A156K、A156N和A156V歧化活力较WT分别提高了:17%,39%和28%。
3)不同反应时间下野生型CGTase和突变型酶催化染料木素糖基化效率的比较:结果列于图1,可以发现,突变酶A156K、A156N和A156V与WT在反应20-24h时糖基化效率达到最高。突变酶A156K、A156N和A156V最大糖基化效率较WT分别提高了23%,44%和32%。
4)其他CGTase突变体与突变酶A156K、A156N和A156V催化染料木素糖基化效率的比较:发明人还做了150、151和156位点的饱和突变,如下表所示,其他突变体催化染料木素糖基化效率均没有突变酶A156K、A156N和A156V高。
样品 | 糖基化效率(%) | 样品 | 糖基化效率(%) |
WT | 100 | A156S | 85 |
G150K | 23 | A156T | 44 |
G150V | 35 | A156C | 11 |
Y151A | 41 | A156M | 52 |
Y151S | 27 | A156N | 144 |
A156G | 33 | A156Q | 23 |
A156L | 12 | A156D | 62 |
A156I | 18 | A156E | 73 |
A156P | 42 | A156K | 123 |
A156F | 39 | A156R | 59 |
A156Y | 28 | A156H | 48 |
A156W | 52 | A156V | 132 |
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉此技术的人,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可做各种的改动与修饰,因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。
序列表
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Claims (10)
1.一种环糊精糖基转移酶突变体,其特征在于,所述突变体与(GenBank accessionno.JX412224)所示的环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶的氨基酸序列相比,包括对第156位的丙氨酸进行突变。
2.根据权利要求1所述的突变体,其特征在于,所述环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶来源于软化类芽孢杆菌(Peanibacillus macerans)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的突变体,其特征在于,所述环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶的获得方法为以GenBank JX412224公布的基因为出发基因,将第156位的丙氨酸分别突变成谷氨酰胺A156N,赖氨酸A156K,缬氨酸A156V。
4.编码权利要求1-3任一所述突变体的核苷酸片段。
5.含有编码权利要求1-3任一所述突变体的基因的载体。
6.表达权利要求1-3任一所述突变体的基因工程菌或转基因细胞系。
7.一种构建权利要求6所述基因工程菌方法,其特征在于,所述方法的具体步骤如下:
1)采用化学全合成或PCR方法克隆编码所述环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶基因;
2)将步骤1)获得的环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶基因连接到大肠杆菌表达载体,得到重组表达载体;
3)将步骤2)获得的重组表达载体转化大肠杆菌BL21得到基因工程菌。
8.一种生产环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶的方法,其特征在于,所述方法具体为:
以权利要求7所述的基因工程菌为生产菌株,活化后按2-4%接种量将种子液接至含75-100μg/mL氨苄青霉素的TB液体培养基;大肠杆菌在30~37℃振荡培养至OD600=0.6~0.8,加入0.01-0.02mM终浓度的IPTG诱导胞外表达,并在23-25℃继续振荡培养一定时间85~95h后,将发酵液于4-6℃、8000-10000rpm离心15-20min除菌体,收集富含环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶的上清液;经硫酸铵盐析,透析,以及镍柱亲和层析,获得较纯的环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶并冻干备用。
9.权利要求1-3任一所述突变体在染料木素的糖基化方面的应用。
10.权利要求1-3任一所述突变体在食品、化工或纺织领域的应用。
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CN110004084A (zh) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-07-12 | 南京师范大学泰州学院 | 一种多粘类芽孢杆菌、其在制备染料木素中的应用及制备染料木素的方法 |
CN110656096A (zh) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-01-07 | 江南大学 | 一种降低水解副反应程度的环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶突变体 |
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CN110004084A (zh) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-07-12 | 南京师范大学泰州学院 | 一种多粘类芽孢杆菌、其在制备染料木素中的应用及制备染料木素的方法 |
CN110004084B (zh) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-09 | 南京师范大学泰州学院 | 一种多粘类芽孢杆菌、其在制备染料木素中的应用及制备染料木素的方法 |
CN110734946A (zh) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-01-31 | 江南大学 | 一种生产长链糖基化染料木素的方法 |
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WO2021088352A1 (zh) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-05-14 | 江南大学 | 一种生产长链糖基化染料木素的方法 |
US11203743B2 (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2021-12-21 | Jiangnan University | Method for producing long-chain glycosylated genistein |
CN110656096A (zh) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-01-07 | 江南大学 | 一种降低水解副反应程度的环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶突变体 |
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