CN108468528B - Layered water pumping and stopping device for fourth-series deep well and water pumping and stopping method thereof - Google Patents
Layered water pumping and stopping device for fourth-series deep well and water pumping and stopping method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 398
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 27
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/1208—Packers; Plugs characterised by the construction of the sealing or packing means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
- E21B49/084—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells with means for conveying samples through pipe to surface
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fourth-series deep well layered water pumping and stopping device and a water pumping and stopping method thereof, wherein the device comprises a drill rod joint, a pump chamber pipe arranged at the lower part of the drill rod joint, a water guide pipe arranged at the lower part of the pump chamber pipe, a rubber water stopping air bag arranged on the outer wall of the upper part of the water guide pipe and a rubber water stopping plug arranged on the outer wall of the lower part of the water guide pipe; the application method comprises the following steps: 1) Drilling and sampling analysis; 2) Drilling a well; 3) Punching; 4) Installing a well pipe; 5) Gravel filling and water stopping; 6) Flushing the well; 8) And (5) pumping water for testing. The deep well layered water stop device is simple in structure, the use method of the deep well layered water stop device overcomes the defects of the traditional water stop method, is convenient to operate, and effectively isolates the upper water-bearing layer and the lower water-bearing layer through the reliable water stop effect of the actual use, so that the layered water stop in the pipe can be realized in the same well hole, and the purpose of layered water pumping test is achieved. The layered water pumping and stopping device and method are suitable for respectively observing and pumping test of different aquifers during hydrogeological drilling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a layered water pumping and stopping device and a water pumping and stopping method for a fourth series deep well, which are suitable for layered water pumping tests of the fourth series deep well.
Background
When hydrogeological drilling is performed in areas of different aquifers (groups), observation and water pumping tests are required to be performed according to the different aquifers (groups) in order to obtain hydrogeological parameters such as water quantity, water level, water quality and water temperature of each aquifer (group). According to the design requirement, the water-resisting layer(s) of the water well are isolated and stopped at the positions of the water-resisting layers, and the work for preventing the water-resisting layers from being communicated is called layered water stop. The pipe external water sealing device comprises two parts, namely pipe external water sealing and pipe internal water sealing, wherein the pipe external water sealing generally adopts a water sealing material to carry out permanent water sealing on a water sealing section (a water sealing layer); the water stop in the pipe is temporary water stop at a reasonable water stop position designed in the well pipe so as to perform pumping tests of different water-bearing layers in the same well and obtain hydrogeological parameters of different water-bearing layers (groups).
At present, when water is stopped in a layered water pumping pipe in China, a sleeve pipe, a water stopping plug water stopping method and an inflatable air bag water stopping method are generally adopted. The former method needs to prepare water-stopping pipes, has high cost, and has complicated working procedures of pipe-discharging, pipe-lifting, water-stopping plug-discharging and the like in operation, long interval time and easy hole accidents. In the second method, for deep water stop, the ground is required to be provided with air charging equipment, the air line has high compression strength requirement, and the safety and the reliability are poor. Both the above two methods can not observe the water level changes of the upper and lower aquifers well at the same time, and can not accurately judge whether the water stopping effect meets the requirement of a layered water pumping test, so that a more practical and reliable layered water stopping device and method are required to be designed according to comprehensive research of actual conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a deep well layered water pumping and sealing device and a water pumping and sealing method thereof, which solve the problems that the deep well layered water pumping and sealing safety is poor and the water sealing effect cannot be accurately judged.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A fourth series deep well layered water pumping and stopping device has the technical scheme that: the hydraulic pump comprises a drill pipe joint, a flange nipple connected through a flange, a pump chamber pipe connected through a flange, a water guide pipe, a rubber water stop air bag and a rubber water stop plug, wherein the flange nipple is arranged at the lower part of the drill pipe joint, the pump chamber pipe is arranged at the lower part of the flange nipple, the water guide pipe is arranged at the lower part of the pump chamber pipe, the rubber water stop air bag is arranged on the outer wall of the upper part of the water guide pipe, the rubber water stop plug is arranged on the outer wall of the lower part of the water guide pipe, and a submersible pump is arranged in the pump chamber pipe.
As a limitation, the upper surface and the lower surface of the rubber water-stopping air bag are respectively provided with an air bag upper disc and an air bag lower disc, and the air bag upper disc is provided with an air line connector for inflating the air bag.
As another limitation, a sealing plug upper pressing plate and a sealing plug lower pressing plate for fixing the sealing plug are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the rubber sealing plug, and a sealing plug guide ring is further arranged on the outer wall of the lower portion of the water guide pipe and is positioned on the upper portion of the rubber sealing plug.
As a further limitation, the water guide pipe is provided with a water level monitoring probe, and the water level monitoring probe is positioned at the lower part of the rubber water stop air bag.
And as further limitation, a water stop seat ring is arranged on the inner wall of the water stop section in the well pipe corresponding to the rubber water stop plug.
A method for pumping water and stopping water by a deep well layered pumping water stopping device comprises the following steps:
1) Drilling and sampling analysis, namely determining lithology and aquifer of a fourth-line stratum, dividing stratum age, defining a salty-fresh water interface, and determining pore-forming depth and pore diameter;
2) Drilling, namely drilling holes twice by adopting a three-wing drag bit and a drilling method of a mud guard wall;
3) After punching, the slurry performance is adjusted, and the punching time is 2-3 hours, so that the density of the slurry in the holes is uniform;
4) Mounting a well pipe, and discharging the well pipe by adopting a suspension welding method;
5) Gravel filling and water stopping
Adopting a still water filling method to fill gravel, wherein the gravel material is quartz river gravel, adopting mixed gravel material with the diameter of 2-5mm according to the effective particle size of an aquifer, and adopting clay bulb tube with the diameter of 20-30mm to seal water;
6) Well flushing
Sequentially pumping and flushing a well of a fourth-system deep well with a small pump, a piston and a large pump after filling gravel and water;
7) Pumping test
After the well flushing is finished, three drop stroke water pumping tests are carried out, and for a fourth-series well, the water pumping and lowering depth is carried out from small to large.
The specific method of the step 4) is as follows:
(1) The original drilling tool is used for correcting the aperture and the hole depth before the pipe is put down, and the hole depth is 4-5m larger than the pipe down depth;
(2) Before the water pipe is put down, the water pipe is wrapped by a screen with 90-100 meshes for two layers according to the particle size of the water-bearing layer, the screen is covered by a bamboo curtain for protection, the screen is bound by iron wires at intervals of 20-30cm, and loosening and blocking of the screen in water pumping are prevented;
(3) Inspecting the well pipe, finding defects such as incomplete, fracture, bending and the like, replacing the defects in time, sequencing the well pipe and the water filtering pipe according to design, and measuring and numbering the well pipe and the water filtering pipe one by one;
(4) When the pipe is put down, checking and recording are carried out one by one according to the pipe arranging sequence, the bottom of the first well pipe is sealed, clamping plate screws are screwed when the pipe is put down, before the well pipe is welded, the well pipe is welded after being aligned and straightened, and the welding is firm, reliable and tight
The specific method of the step 5) is as follows:
(1) Determining the gravel material dosage according to the diameter of the drilling hole, the diameter of the well pipe and the gravel filling height;
(2) Checking the depth of the well pipe before filling gravel after pipe feeding, calculating a layered water stop position, checking the specification and the quantity of gravel materials, and putting a measuring rope into the layered water stop position in advance during gravel filling, and uniformly and slowly filling the measuring rope from the periphery of a wellhead during gravel filling so as to avoid bridging blocking;
(3) And (3) water stopping: stopping for 30min after the gravel material in the first section is filled, measuring the height of the gravel material, starting to fill clay balls for stopping water after the gravel material is filled in the position, calculating the dosage of the clay balls in the first section, manually and uniformly throwing the clay balls from the annular gaps of the outer ring of the pipe around the orifice, and measuring at any time; stopping for 1 hour after filling, measuring the height of the clay ball again, ensuring to fill the height area of the water-resisting layer, starting to fill the gravel material, and performing subsequent gravel filling and water stopping work according to the steps.
The specific method of the step 7) is as follows:
The working area is divided into four water-containing layer groups, namely a water-containing layer group I, a water-containing layer group II, a water-containing layer group III and a water-containing layer IV, the deep water well pumping test is carried out in 3 parts, the mixed pumping test is carried out first, the water-containing layer group IV is carried out in a layered pumping test in a second step, and finally the water-containing layer III is carried out in a layered pumping test; observing the mixed water pumping according to a conventional water pumping test method; the third and the fourth water-bearing layer group layered water pumping tests need to utilize a water stopping device in the pipe to perform layered water stopping, isolate the upper water-bearing layer from the lower water-bearing layer and prevent the upper water-bearing layer from being communicated with the lower water-bearing layer; in the layered water pumping test process, the water level of the third and fourth water-containing layer groups is monitored at the same time so as to test the water stopping effect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts the structure and the method, and the technical progress is that:
The deep well layered water pumping and stopping device disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the drill rod for construction drilling is used as the balance weight of the water guide pipe, the water outlet pipe and the water stopping plug, and the structure is simple;
the invention comprehensively uses the water stop plug and the water stop air bag, has good water stop effect and is more suitable for deep water stop;
the underground water level probe is installed and simultaneously monitors the water level changes of the upper water-bearing layer and the lower water-bearing layer, the water stop effect is checked at any time, the safety performance is good, and various in-hole accidents are avoided. ;
In summary, the invention has simple structure, good water stopping effect and good safety performance, and is suitable for deep well layered pumping experiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a drilling configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a layered water-pumping and stopping device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing of a stratified pumping of a fourth aqueous layer packet in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a third aqueous layer packet pumping according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Marking parts: 1-phi 325 well pipe, 2-upper pipe outside clay water stop section, 3-phi 219 well pipe, 4-water filter pipe, 5-isolation layer outside clay water stop section, 6-water stop seat ring, 7-drill pipe joint, 8-flange short joint, 9-upper flange, 10-pump chamber pipe, 11-submerged pump, 12-lower flange, 13-water guide pipe, 14-air line joint, 15-air bag upper disc, 16-rubber water stop air bag, 17-air bag lower disc, 18-water level monitoring probe, 19-water stop guide ring, 20-water stop upper pressure disc, 21-rubber water stop plug, 22-water stop lower pressure disc, 23-water outlet pipe, 24-air pump, 25-air line, 26-drill pipe centering and 27-water stop counterweight.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are presented for purposes of illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment is a fourth series deep well layered water pumping and stopping device
Referring to fig. 2, the layered water pumping and stopping device of the present embodiment includes a pump chamber pipe 10, a water guide pipe 13, a rubber water stopping air bag 16 and a rubber water stopping plug 21, in this embodiment, the pump chamber pipe 10 is manufactured by processing a seam-less pipe with a diameter of Φ219×8mm, a length of 2500mm, a pipe body is provided with a strip window with a length of 30×200mm for water to pass through, a submersible pump 11 is arranged inside, the upper end of the pump chamber pipe 10 is connected to a drill pipe joint 7 sequentially through an upper flange 9 and a flange nipple 8, the lower end of the pump chamber pipe 10 is connected with the water guide pipe 13 through a lower flange 12, and in this embodiment, the water guide pipe 13 is directly connected with a Φ89 drill pipe by using a screw thread.
The water stopping air bag consists of an air line joint 14, an air bag upper disc 15, an air bag lower disc 17 and a rubber water stopping air bag 16, and after the water stopping air bag is inflated, the rubber air bag and the inner wall of a well pipe are tightly extruded to play a role in water stopping.
The water stopping rubber plug of the embodiment consists of a water stopping plug guide ring 19, a water stopping plug pressing disc 20, a rubber water stopping plug 21 and a water stopping plug lower pressing disc 22, wherein when water is pumped in a layered mode, the rubber water stopping plug 21 expands and deforms under the dead weight pressure of a drill rod, and an upper water-bearing layer and a lower water-bearing layer are isolated.
The invention is provided with a water level monitoring probe 18 on a drill rod, in the embodiment, the water level monitoring probe 18 adopts an automatic underground water level and temperature recorder with model number 3001-M200, the measuring depth range is 200M, the monitoring precision is 0.05%/0.05 ℃, and the storage capacity is 2 multiplied by 40000 times of readings. The water pump is installed at the corresponding position when pumping water, and automatically monitors the water level and the water temperature, and checks the water stop effect.
In the invention, a water stop seat ring 6 is arranged on the inner wall of a well pipe at a position corresponding to a water stop section of a rubber water stop plug 21, and the water stop seat ring is processed by a20 mm thick steel plate, and has an inner diameter of 130mm and an outer diameter of 219mm.
When the embodiment is used, the rubber water stop air bag 16 and the rubber water stop plug 21 seal and isolate the third water-containing layer group up and down, and water pumping experiments can be carried out on the third water-containing layer group and the fourth water-containing layer group respectively.
Embodiment of a fourth-series deep well layered water pumping and stopping device and water pumping and stopping method thereof
In the embodiment, the hydrogeological drilling work is mainly carried out aiming at a fresh water aquifer of a fourth system, 320-500m deep water hydrogeological exploration and mining combined holes 10 holes are designed, wherein 6 holes are subjected to a layered water pumping test, the main purpose is to uncover the fourth system, find out stratum age and cause, occurrence conditions (including lithology, thickness, structure and the like of the aquifer) and burial depth of groundwater, carry out layered water pumping test, respectively obtain hydrogeological parameters and water-rich range of a third and a fourth water aquifer, and circle an underground water distribution area with agricultural water supply significance and a water-rich area range with concentrated water supply prospect, and select an emergency backup underground water source.
According to the water well structure and the exposed stratum condition, the deep well layered water pumping and stopping method is researched and designed, has good use effect, and meets the water stopping and observing requirements of layered water pumping tests.
In this embodiment, SK deep 2 drilling or well drilling is taken as an example, and a specific use method of the layered water pumping and stopping device of the present invention is described.
The SK deep 2 drilling hole (well) is positioned in the village of the Sun's town in Wen county and is a fourth-series hydrogeological exploration and mining combined hole, and the main purpose is to know the lithology and the aquifer of the fourth-series stratum through full-hole coring, geophysical exploration and logging and sampling (light-emitting, C14 and paleogeomagnetic) analysis, divide the stratum age and define a salty-fresh water interface; and (3) carrying out a layered water pumping test after reaming and well formation to find out the water quality, water quantity and other conditions of the third and fourth water-bearing layer groups. The depth of the core is 482.11m according to the pre-hydrogeology data and investigation. After coring is finished, the well depth is 445.00m according to the actual stratum condition and the geophysical prospecting well result. The position of the third water-containing layer group of the regional division is 145.90-319.00m, and the position of the fourth water-containing layer group is 343.70-439.00m, so that the water-taking target layer of the well is obtained.
1.1 Formation conditions
The fourth series stratum in the working area of the SK deep 2 drilling is complete in sequence, complex in sediment type and cause, mainly comprises alluvial and flood and transition types of the alluvial and flood, has sea volume among the alluvial and flood, has regional layer thicknesses of 280-550m, mainly comprises land phase accumulation, has large thickness and complex phase change, and has the cause types of river channel band accumulation, river channel band accumulation and swamp deposition of the alluvial and flood, and sea Liu Jiaohu phase accumulation in the eastern part. The stratum is divided into a brand new system (Qh) and a brand new system (QP), the brand new system mainly comprises alluvial, alluvial sea, sea-phase gray, gray yellow silty clay, silt and gray, gray yellow silty sand and fine sand, 1-2 layers of silt silty clay or peat are commonly arranged, wherein the sea-phase deposition layer comprises silt silty clay and silt, and the regional layer thickness is generally 20-40m. The western part is deposited by river flood, the middle part is sea Liu Jiaohu, and the eastern part is sea phase; the embedded depth of the updated system bottom boundary is 380-550m. Lithology is mainly clay, silty sand and sand layers in the silty sand layers. The sand layer has a grain mixing structure, and the local part is provided with cemented sand.
Through drilling coring, SK deep 2 drilling reveals that the stratum is briefly divided into:
(1) 0.00-37.60m, a fourth system (Qh), wherein the stratum lithology is cultivated soil, silt clay silt and fine sand;
(2) 37.60-318.70m, a fourth system updating (QP) and stratum lithology of silty clay, silty sand, fine sand, middle sand and coarse sand.
(3) 318.70-358.80M, a fourth system updating (QP), wherein the main stratum lithology is silty clay, and the main stratum lithology is a water-proof layer of the third and fourth water-containing layers.
(4) 358.80-482.11M, a fourth system update (QP) and stratum lithology of silty clay, silty sand, fine sand and medium sand.
1.2 Hydrogeological conditions
The working area where the SK deep 2 drilling is located spans the large river groundwater system area and the sub-dental river groundwater system area, the ground water in the area is mainly reserved in a fourth-series loose rock pore water-bearing rock group, the water-bearing layers are in a multi-layer structure and are in strip-shaped spreading, lithology mainly comprises fine sand and silt, and the part is middle sand and coarse sand.
The working area is divided into four water-containing layer groups, the first water-containing layer group and the second water-containing layer group, the bottom boundary burial depths are respectively 10-30m and 140-200m, most of the working area is shallow water and salty water, and the exploitation and utilization values are low; the bottom boundary burial depth of the third water-containing layer group (middle deep pressure-bearing water-containing group) is 280-380m, which is equivalent to that of the middle updating system stratum, the hydrogeological conditions of the group are changed from west to east, the granularity is changed from thick to thin, and the groundwater level burial depth is 61-72 m. The bottom boundary burial depth of the IV water-bearing group (deep pressure-bearing water-bearing group) is 380-550m, which is equivalent to the lower updated system stratum, a clay layer which is mainly thick layer is deposited alternately with a sand layer, except that the sand layer in the western part is coarser as middle fine sand, the sand layer in the eastern part is mostly deposited in a lake, the sand layer is fine sand with the thickness generally larger than 30m, the hydrogeological condition of the group is changed from west to east, the granularity is changed from coarse to fine, and the thickness of the sand layer is changed from thick to thin. The third and the fourth water-bearing layer groups are the main water-bearing layer utilization sections of the zone.
The deep groundwater runoff in the working area is slow, the main source of the replenishment is lateral replenishment, the secondary replenishment is overflow replenishment, the hydraulic connection between water-bearing rock groups is weak, and the drainage in the area is mainly artificial exploitation and lateral outflow.
According to the logging of the geological core of the drilling hole and logging result data, the position of the third water-containing layer group of the SK deep 2 drilling hole is 145.90-318.70m, the position of the fourth water-containing layer group is 358.80-439.00m, and the water-taking section of the well is determined.
1.3 Drilling Structure
Referring to fig. 2, the drilling machine structure of the water pumping and stopping method is that according to the logging and logging data of a drilling coring stratum, the depth of a salty-fresh water interface is 124.45m, the depth of an SK deep 2 drilling hole is designed to be 445.00m, the actual depth of the drilling hole is 445.00m, and the caliber of the drilling hole is 100-150mm larger than that of a conventional drilling hole for facilitating clay ball throwing and measuring.
The drilling structure is as follows:
(1) 0-150.00m: bore diameter phi 650, wherein 0-135.00m is run into a coiled steel tubing of phi 325 x 7 mm.
(2) 150.00-445.00M: the bore diameter phi 600, 135-445.00m is put into a phi 219 multiplied by 7mm well pipe, and the water-bearing layer is put into a bridge type water filtering pipe.
(3) And (3) sealing the upper salty water layer and the layered water layer respectively by adopting clay balls at 0-140.00m and 322-352.00 m.
2 Well completion and outside pipe water stopping process
2.1 Drilling apparatus
The main drilling equipment is an Shanghai SP-600 rotary drilling machine, a BWB850/20 slurry pump, a drilling tower is a 15m high A-shaped tower, the construction power is a motor, and the total power is 45KW.
2.2 Drilling method
The drilling method of the slurry protection wall adopts a three-wing drag bit to drill comprehensively and hole twice. In order to improve efficiency and ensure the verticality of drilling, the diameter of the first hole is phi 400mm, two groups of centralizers are arranged, and the design caliber is achieved after the second hole is reamed.
2.3 Mud
In the drilling process, slurry is naturally produced to protect the wall, so that the blocking of slurry to an aquifer is reduced, the rapid well flushing is facilitated, the specific gravity of the slurry is 1.08-1.2g/cm < 3 >, and the purposes of balanced drilling, collapse prevention and wall protection are achieved by adjusting the specific gravity of the slurry according to the conditions of the stratum and the inside of the hole.
After finishing the hole, the slurry performance is regulated, and the hole is punched for 2-3 hours, so that the density of the slurry in the hole is uniform, the purpose of changing the slurry is achieved, the density of the slurry after changing the slurry is below 1.10g/cm < 3 >, the viscosity of the slurry is 18-20s, and the sand content is not more than 4%.
2.4 Well pipe installation
And (5) taking down the pipe by adopting a suspension welding method according to the lifting capacity of the drilling machine and the weight of the well pipe.
(1) And correcting the aperture and the hole depth by using an undisturbed drilling tool before pipe descending, wherein the hole depth is 4-5m greater than the pipe descending depth.
(2) Before the water pipe is put down, the water filtering pipe is wrapped by two layers of gauze with 90-100 meshes according to the particle size of the water-bearing layer, the gauze is covered by a bamboo curtain to protect the gauze, 12# iron wires are used for binding every 20-30cm interval, and the gauze is prevented from loosening to block the gaps of the water filtering pipe during water pumping.
(3) The well pipe is carefully inspected, and defects such as incomplete, fracture, bending and the like are found and replaced in time. The well pipe and the water filtering pipe are ordered according to the design and numbered according to the measurement, so that the dislocation of the water filtering pipe is prevented.
(4) When the pipe is put down, checking and recording are carried out one by one according to the pipe arranging sequence, the bottom of the first well pipe is sealed, clamping plate screws are screwed when the pipe is put down, before the well pipe is welded, the well pipe is welded after being aligned and straightened, and the welding is firm, reliable and tight.
2.5 Gravel packing and Water stop
The method adopts a still water filling method to fill the gravel, the gravel material is selected from quartz river gravel, clean impurities are few, and the mixed gravel material with the diameter of 2-5mm is adopted according to the effective particle size of the aquifer. The clay ball pipe with the diameter of 20-30mm is adopted for sealing water, so that the clay ball is required to have less impurities, high purity and high viscosity, and the clay ball is preferably semi-dry.
(1) The amount of gravel is determined based on the borehole diameter, the pipe well diameter, and the gravel pack height.
(2) The technical staff checks the depth of the well pipe after the pipe is put down and before gravel filling, accurately calculates the layered water stop position, checks and accepts the specification and the quantity of the gravel materials, judges whether the specification and the quantity of the gravel materials meet the design requirements, prohibits filling of unqualified gravel materials, calculates the square quantity of each section of the gravel materials, puts the measuring rope into the layered water stop position in advance, and measures the measuring rope while filling the gravel, and evenly and slowly fills the gravel from the periphery of the well mouth during gravel filling, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of bridging blocking.
(3) Filling gravel: and in the first section 352-445m, calculating the dosage of the gravel, placing the rope measuring probe to 360m, detecting at any time, and immediately stopping filling the gravel when the gravel surface is detected, so as to ensure that the height of the gravel falls around 352 m. The second section 140-322m of gravel material is 6m higher than the water filtering pipe, and the height of the gravel is not more than 140m.
(4) And (3) water stopping: stopping for 30min after the gravel material in the first section is filled, measuring the height of the gravel material, starting to fill clay balls for stopping water after the gravel material is filled in the position, accurately calculating the dosage of the clay balls by using the first sections 322-352m as layered water stopping sections, and manually and uniformly throwing the clay balls into annular gaps around the orifice and measuring at any time. Stopping for 1h after filling, measuring the height of the clay ball again, ensuring to fill to about 322m, starting to fill the gravel material, and performing subsequent gravel filling and water stopping work according to the steps.
2.6 Flushing
A flushing method for pumping water in small pump quantity, drawing piston and pumping water in large pump quantity is carried out on an SK deep 2 well after gravel filling and water stopping.
(1) The small pump pumps the well.
The 175QJ40-132 high-lift small-pump submersible pump is used for pumping water and flushing the well, so that the purpose of dredging the upper and lower aquifers step by step is to compact gravel materials and prevent the damage to the aquifers and the water filtering pipe caused by the high-pump predatory pumping. Pumping water for 2-3 shifts, cleaning sand, stabilizing water level and water quantity, and finishing.
(2) And (5) flushing the well by a piston.
The piston is pulled to wash the well after pumping water with small pump amount, so as to further remove mud in the well, destroy the mud skin of the wall of the well, dredge the aquifer, increase the permeability and arrange gravel materials, so that a stable water filtering layer is formed around the water filtering pipe, and the normal water yield of the well is achieved.
(3) Pump flushing well with large pump
Finally, the submersible pump is put into the water pump to pump water with large pump capacity and large descending depth to wash the well until the water-bearing layer is fully dredged, the water yield and the water level are stabilized within the normal range, and the water pumping test is started.
2.7 Water pumping test
After the well flushing is finished, three drop stroke water pumping tests are carried out, and for a fourth-series well, the water pumping and lowering depth is carried out from small to large.
The SK deep 2 water well pumping test is carried out in 3 parts, the mixed pumping test is carried out first, the fourth water-containing layer group layer pumping test is carried out in the second step, and finally the third water-containing layer group layer pumping test is carried out. And the mixed water pumping is observed according to a conventional water pumping test method. The third and the fourth water-bearing layer group layered water pumping tests need to utilize a water stopping device in the pipe to perform layered water stopping, isolate the upper water-bearing layer from the lower water-bearing layer and prevent the upper water-bearing layer from being communicated with the lower water-bearing layer; in the layered water pumping test process, the water level of the third and fourth water-containing layer groups is monitored at the same time so as to test the water stopping effect.
3. Using method of layered water stop device in pipe
3.1 IV aqueous layer group layered pumping
Referring to fig. 3, the fourth water-containing layer group pumps water layer by layer, the lengths of all parts of the water stop device are accurately calculated according to the depth and the static water level of the water stop seat ring, and the water stop device is sequentially lowered into a rubber water stop plug, a water guide pipe (phi 89 drill pipe), a rubber water stop air bag, a pump chamber pipe and a water outlet pipe, and meanwhile a water level monitoring probe, an air line and a water pump are installed. After the water pump is put in place, the rubber water stop air bag is inflated through an air line by using a ground air pump, the pressure reaches about 0.4MP, the inflated rubber water stop air bag and the rubber water stop plug after pressure expansion seal and isolate the III water-containing layer group up and down, pressure-bearing water of the IV water-containing layer group is led out by a drill rod during a water pumping test and enters a phi 325 well pipe through a pump chamber pipe window, a downline or a probe in the pipe observes the water level of the IV water-containing layer group, and meanwhile, a wireless automatic water level monitoring probe detects the water level of the III water-containing layer group, if the water level change of the III water-containing layer group is small or fluctuates within an allowable range, the isolation water stop is proved to be successful, and the water stop effect is achieved.
When the water stop device is installed, the screw threads at the joint of each part and the screws of the flange plate are required to be screwed, and the middle of the flange plate is filled with a gasket to prevent leakage; the gas line, the cable and other parts which are easy to collide and squeeze take protective measures, and the gas line, the cable and the cable are required to be slowly pulled when the gas line, the cable and the cable are not damaged; after the rubber water stop plug touches the water stop seat ring, the water stop seat ring is slowly lowered to be pressed, the pressure is 1/3-1/2 of the total weight of the drilling tool, and the whole weight cannot be pressed on the seat ring, so that the seat ring and the well pipe are prevented from being damaged.
3.2 Third aqueous layer group layered pumping
Referring to fig. 4, the third water-containing layer group is pumped in a layered manner, after the fourth water-containing layer group pumping test is finished, the water stopping device is lifted, the water guiding pipe at the lower part of the water stopping plug is closed, then the water stopping plug is drilled down, the upper part of the water stopping plug is connected with a drill rod with the diameter of about 100m to serve as a counterweight of the water stopping plug, the water stopping rubber plug and the counterweight are conveyed to the position of a water stopping seat ring by using the phi 89 drill rod, the upper drill rod is lifted after the water stopping plug is tripped, and the water stopping plug is closed and isolated from the lower water-containing layer. And (5) the test submersible pump is lowered into the phi 325 well pipe to carry out a pumping test. After the water pumping test is completed, a water pump is put forward, and a water stop plug and a counterweight drill rod are put forward by buckling a lower phi 89 drill rod.
The embodiment solves the problem of layered water pumping and stopping of the deep well, and can be used for layered water pumping test of the fourth-series deep well.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A fourth series deep well layered water pumping and stopping device, which is characterized in that: the hydraulic pump comprises a drill rod joint (7), a flange nipple (8) which is arranged at the lower part of the drill rod joint (7) and connected through a flange, a pump chamber pipe (10) which is arranged at the lower part of the flange nipple (8) and connected through a flange, a water guide pipe (13) which is arranged at the lower part of the pump chamber pipe (10), a rubber water stop air bag (16) which is arranged on the outer wall of the upper part of the water guide pipe (13) and a rubber water stop plug (21) which is arranged on the outer wall of the lower part of the water guide pipe (13), wherein a submersible pump (11) is arranged in the pump chamber pipe (10);
An air bag upper plate (15) and an air bag lower plate (17) for fixing the rubber water-stopping air bag (16) are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the rubber water-stopping air bag (16), and an air line connector (14) for inflating the air bag is arranged on the air bag upper plate (15);
The upper end and the lower end of the rubber water stop plug (21) are respectively provided with a water stop plug pressing disc (20) and a water stop plug lower pressing disc (22) for fixing the water stop plug, the outer wall of the lower part of the water guide pipe (13) is also provided with a water stop plug guide ring (19), and the water stop plug guide ring (19) is positioned at the upper part of the rubber water stop plug (21);
a water level monitoring probe (18) is arranged on the water guide pipe (13), and the water level monitoring probe (18) is positioned at the lower part of the rubber water stopping air bag (16);
And a water stop seat ring (6) is arranged on the inner wall of the water stop section in the well pipe corresponding to the rubber water stop plug (21).
2. The method for pumping water and stopping water by adopting the fourth series deep well layered water pumping and stopping device as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Drilling and sampling analysis, namely determining lithology and aquifer of a fourth-line stratum, dividing stratum age, defining a salty-fresh water interface, and determining pore-forming depth and pore diameter;
2) Drilling, namely drilling holes twice by adopting a three-wing drag bit and a drilling method of a mud guard wall;
3) After punching, the slurry performance is adjusted, and the punching time is 2-3 hours, so that the density of the slurry in the holes is uniform;
4) Mounting a well pipe, and discharging the well pipe by adopting a suspension welding method;
5) Gravel filling and water stopping
Filling gravel by a still water filling method, wherein the gravel material is quartz river gravel, and sealing water is sealed by clay balls;
6) Well flushing
Sequentially pumping and flushing a well of a fourth-system deep well with a small pump, a piston and a large pump after filling gravel and water;
7) Pumping test
After the well flushing is finished, three drop stroke water pumping tests are carried out, and for a fourth-series well, the water pumping and lowering depth is carried out from small to large.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the specific method of step 4) is as follows:
(1) The original drilling tool is used for correcting the aperture and the hole depth before the pipe is put down, and the hole depth is 4-5m larger than the pipe down depth;
(2) Before the water pipe is put down, the water pipe is wrapped by a screen with 90-100 meshes for two layers according to the particle size of the water-bearing layer, the screen is covered by a bamboo curtain for protection, the screen is bound by iron wires at intervals of 20-30cm, and loosening and blocking of the screen in water pumping are prevented;
(3) Checking the well pipe, finding out defects of incomplete, broken and bending, replacing the well pipe in time, sequencing the well pipe and the water filtering pipe according to design, and measuring and numbering the well pipe and the water filtering pipe one by one;
(4) When the pipe is put down, checking and recording are carried out one by one according to the pipe arranging sequence, the bottom of the first well pipe is sealed, clamping plate screws are screwed when the pipe is put down, before the well pipe is welded, the well pipe is welded after being aligned and straightened, and the welding is firm, reliable and tight.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the specific method of step 5) is as follows:
(1) Determining the gravel material dosage according to the diameter of the drilling hole, the diameter of the well pipe and the gravel filling height;
(2) Checking the depth of the well pipe before filling gravel after pipe feeding, calculating a layered water stop position, checking the specification and the quantity of gravel materials, and putting a measuring rope into the layered water stop position in advance during gravel filling, and uniformly and slowly filling the measuring rope from the periphery of a wellhead during gravel filling so as to avoid bridging blocking;
(3) And (3) water stopping: stopping for 30min after the gravel material in the first section is filled, measuring the height of the gravel material, starting to fill clay balls for stopping water after the gravel material is filled in the position, calculating the dosage of the clay balls in the first section, manually and uniformly throwing the clay balls from the annular gaps of the outer ring of the pipe around the orifice, and measuring at any time; stopping for 1 hour after filling, measuring the height of the clay ball again, ensuring to fill the height area of the water-resisting layer, starting to fill the gravel material, and carrying out subsequent gravel filling and water stopping work according to the steps.
5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the specific method of the step 7) is as follows:
The working area is divided into four water-containing layer groups, namely a water-containing layer group I, a water-containing layer group II, a water-containing layer group III and a water-containing layer IV, the deep water well pumping test is carried out in 3 parts, the mixed pumping test is carried out first, the water-containing layer group IV is carried out in a layered pumping test in a second step, and finally the water-containing layer III is carried out in a layered pumping test; observing the mixed water pumping according to a conventional water pumping test method; the third and the fourth water-bearing layer group layered water pumping tests need to utilize a water stopping device in the pipe to perform layered water stopping, isolate the upper water-bearing layer from the lower water-bearing layer and prevent the upper water-bearing layer from being communicated with the lower water-bearing layer; in the layered water pumping test process, the water level of the third and fourth water-containing layer groups is monitored at the same time so as to test the water stopping effect.
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