CN108243807A - A kind of rice straw mulching technology of plant growing protection slope - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a straw covering technology for planting and slope protection, which comprises the following steps: preparing straw curtains of different thicknesses according to the difference in outdoor temperature during the construction and maintenance period of planting and slope protection; Anchor nails; vegetation slope protection construction; laying prepared straw curtains on the slope of vegetation slope protection; arranging straw ropes of a certain diameter at a certain distance above the straw curtains, and fixing the straw ropes on the anchors; watering and maintenance , the plant seeds germinate and drill out of the straw mulch. This technology uses straw curtains as coverings, and straw ropes fixed to anchors are arranged above the straw curtains to achieve the purpose of attaching the straw curtains to the vegetation slope protection surface. This technology overcomes the shortage of sunshade net coverage and non-woven fabric covering in the process of vegetation slope protection, and has important reference value for the later maintenance of vegetation slope protection.

Description

A straw mulching technique for slope protection by planting

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of slope ecological restoration engineering, and in particular relates to a straw covering technology for slope protection by planting.

Background technique

As people pay more and more attention to ecological and environmental protection issues, various planting slope protections have emerged as the times require. These planting slope protections use vegetation to protect slope protection and have good environmental protection benefits. At present, the covering technologies used for vegetation slope protection mainly include sunshade net covering and non-woven fabric covering. Shade net coverage can effectively avoid direct sunlight at the initial stage of construction and create a good temperature and humidity environment for plant seeds to germinate; under long-term drought conditions, sunshade net coverage can promote the water retention function of the plant base to a certain extent. The non-woven fabric cover can adjust the temperature difference of the soil, has the temperature effect of heating up at low temperature and cooling at high temperature, and can increase the germination rate of plants.

But, there are following problems in the prior art: the thickness of sunshade net and nonwoven fabric is thinner, and roughness is less, and its water absorption capacity is limited, and the effect of reducing slope runoff is relatively poor; In addition, sunshade net and nonwoven fabric are both It is a synthetic material that is not biodegradable and can cause soil pollution, and its production process may also pollute air and water.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a straw covering technology for planting slope protection, which adopts a straw curtain as a cover, and arranges a straw rope fixed on the anchor above the straw curtain to achieve the purpose of covering the straw. The purpose of the curtain attached to the surface of the vegetation slope protection. This technology overcomes the shortage of sunshade net coverage and non-woven fabric covering in the process of vegetation slope protection, and has important reference value for the later maintenance of vegetation slope protection.

For this reason, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:

A straw mulching technique for planting slope protection, comprising the following steps:

Step 1, prepare straw curtains of different thicknesses according to the difference in outdoor temperature during the construction and maintenance period of planting slope protection;

Step 2: Set anchors on the slope according to a certain interval after slope cutting and slope clearing;

Step 3, the construction of vegetation slope protection, including the construction of vegetation slope protection layer, the surface layer of the vegetation slope protection layer contains plant seeds;

Step 4, laying the prepared straw curtains on the slope of the vegetation slope protection;

Step five, arrange straw ropes of a certain diameter at a certain distance above the straw curtain, and fix the straw ropes on the anchors;

Step 6, watering and maintenance, the plant seeds germinate and drill out the straw covering layer.

As a preference, the thickness of the straw curtain described in step 1 is 5mm-10mm; when the outdoor temperature is lower than 10°C during the construction and maintenance period of vegetation slope protection, the thickness of the straw curtain is 8mm-10mm; when the outdoor temperature is not lower than 10°C At the same time, the thickness of the straw curtain is 5mm-8mm.

Further, the ropes used for weaving the straw curtain include straw rope, hemp rope or bamboo strips; the porosity of the straw curtain is not less than 40%.

As a preference, the anchors in step 2 are made of wooden sticks or bamboo poles, the diameter of the wooden sticks is not less than 3cm, and the diameter of the bamboo poles is not less than 5cm; the depth of the anchors inserted into the slope is not less than 50cm, and the anchors are exposed to the slope after construction Not less than 10cm; the distance between the anchors is 2m×2m.

As a preference, the vegetation slope protection construction in Step 3 includes setting a certain number of drainage holes on the slope surface.

As a kind of preferably, when laying straw curtain in step 4, the overlap length between straw curtain and straw curtain is 3cm-5cm, and binds with straw rope or hemp rope.

As a preference, the diameter of the grass rope in step five is not less than 2cm, and the distance between them is 2m×2m.

As a preference, it is not necessary to remove the straw curtain after the plant seed drills out of the straw covering layer in step 6, and after the plant grows for a period of time, the plant rhizome will fix the straw curtain.

Further, after the plants grow, the straw curtains and straw ropes rot, and the degraded organic matter can provide nutrients for the plants.

As a preference, the vegetation slope protection includes vegetation concrete ecological slope protection, anti-scour substrate (PEB) ecological slope protection, thick-layer substrate vegetation slope protection, hydraulic spraying grass slope protection, spray-mixed vegetation slope protection, etc.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

(1) Straw mulching can adjust the temperature difference in the soil. It has a dual temperature effect of heating up at low temperature and cooling at high temperature. It is more effective at low temperature and high temperature. to increase plant germination.

(2) The surface of the straw curtain is rough and has strong water absorption, which can reduce the runoff on the surface of the vegetation slope protection, prevent soil erosion, reduce water evaporation, thereby significantly increasing the soil moisture content and improving the water use efficiency of the deep soil.

(3) Straw mulching can significantly change the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and can significantly increase the organic C, alkali-hydrolyzed N, and available P of the soil surface, and increase the soil microbial biomass.

(4) Straw is a natural material, environmentally friendly and pollution-free, and can be left on the slope for a long time without removing it. The degraded organic matter can also promote the rapid growth of plants.

(5) Straw is the residue of agricultural production, which is cheap and easy to get, and the cost is very low. The production process of the straw curtain is simple, and it is easy to realize industrial production.

(6) The full utilization of straw can greatly reduce the air pollution caused by farmers burning straw.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a typical cross-sectional view of a straw covering for planting and slope protection provided by the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a planting slope protection straw mulch provided by the present invention.

Explanation of reference signs: 1. Straw curtain; 2. Straw rope; 3. Anchor nail; 4. Weep hole; 5. Vegetative slope protection layer; 6. Slope surface.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, wherein the specific embodiments and descriptions are only used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

The invention discloses a straw mulching technology for planting slope protection. The typical section of the straw covering for planting slope protection is shown in Figure 1, including the following steps:

Step 1, prepare straw curtains 1 of different thicknesses according to the difference of outdoor temperature during the construction and maintenance period of planting slope protection;

Step 2, setting anchors 3 at a certain interval on the slope 6 after slope cutting and slope clearing;

Step 3, construction of vegetation slope protection, including building vegetation slope protection layer 5, the surface layer of vegetation slope protection layer 5 contains plant seeds;

Step 4, the prepared straw curtain 1 is laid on the slope 6 of the vegetation slope protection;

Step five, arrange straw ropes 2 of a certain diameter at a certain distance above the straw curtain 1, and fix the straw ropes 2 on the anchors 3;

Step 6, watering and maintenance, the plant seeds germinate and drill out the straw covering layer.

Specifically, the thickness of the straw curtain 1 described in step 1 is 5mm-10mm; when the outdoor temperature is lower than 10°C during the construction and maintenance period of vegetation slope protection, the thickness of the straw curtain 1 is 8mm-10mm; when the outdoor temperature is not lower than 10°C , the thickness of the straw curtain 1 is 5mm-8mm.

The ropes used for making the straw screen 1 include straw rope, hemp rope or bamboo strips; the porosity of the straw screen 1 is not less than 40%.

Specifically, the anchor 3 in step 2 is made of a wooden stick or a bamboo pole, the diameter of the wooden stick is not less than 3cm, and the diameter of the bamboo pole is not less than 5cm; the depth of the anchor 3 inserted into the slope is not less than 50cm, and the anchor 3 exposes the slope after construction The surface is not less than 10cm; the distance between the anchors 3 is 2m×2m, as shown in FIG. 2 .

Specifically, the vegetation slope protection construction described in step three includes setting a certain number of weep holes 4 on the slope surface 6 .

Specifically, when laying the straw curtain 1 in step 4, the overlapping length between the straw curtain and the straw curtain is 3cm-5cm, and is bound with straw rope or hemp rope.

Specifically, the diameter of the straw rope 2 in step five is not less than 2cm, and the distance between them is 2m×2m, as shown in FIG. 2 .

Specifically, it is not necessary to remove the straw curtain 1 after the plant seeds drill out of the straw covering layer in step 6, and the plant rhizomes will fix the straw curtain 1 after the plant grows for a period of time.

After the plants grow, the straw curtains 1 and the straw ropes 2 rot, and the degraded organic matter can provide nutrients for the plants.

The vegetation slope protection includes vegetation concrete ecological slope protection, anti-scour substrate (PEB) ecological slope protection, thick-layer substrate vegetation slope protection, hydraulic spraying grass slope protection, spray-mixed vegetation slope protection, etc.

Example

A straw mulching technology for planting slope protection, the specific process is as follows:

(1) Production of straw curtains: Straw curtains can be manually prepared on-site or mechanized. According to the climatic conditions of the area where the slope is located and the different construction seasons of slope protection, prepare straw curtains of different thicknesses. During the construction and maintenance period of vegetation slope protection, when the outdoor temperature is lower than 10°C, the thickness of the straw curtain is 8mm-10mm; when the outdoor temperature is not lower than 10°C, the thickness of the straw curtain is 5mm-8mm. The ropes used for the weaving of straw curtains can be straw ropes, hemp ropes or bamboo strips. The porosity of the straw curtain is not less than 40%.

(2) Anchor construction: After the slope is trimmed and slope cleared, set anchors on the slope at a distance of 2m×2m (if there are already anchors for vegetation slope protection, just use the existing anchors), the anchors Use wooden sticks or bamboo poles, the diameter of wooden sticks is not less than 3cm, and the diameter of bamboo poles is not less than 5cm. The depth of the anchor inserted into the slope is not less than 50cm, and the anchor exposed to the slope after construction is not less than 10cm.

(3) Laying of straw curtains: After the planting slope protection construction is completed, lay the prepared straw curtains on the planting slope protection slope. The overlapping length of the straw curtains and straw curtains is 3cm-5cm, and tie them with grass (hemp) ropes.

(4) Straw rope layout: After the straw curtain is laid, arrange horizontal and vertical straw ropes at a distance of 2m×2m above the straw curtain, and fix the straw ropes on the anchors. The diameter of the straw rope is not less than 2cm.

(5) Plant maintenance: After watering and maintenance, the plant seeds germinate and drill out of the straw covering layer. After the plants grow for a period of time, the plant rhizomes play a role in fixing the straw curtain again. In the early stage of plant growth, the straw mats provide a good temperature, humidity and microbial environment for plant growth; in the later stages of plant growth, the straw mats and straw ropes rot, and the degraded organic matter can also promote the rapid growth of plants.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the scope of the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of rice straw mulching technology of plant growing protection slope, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：

Step 1, according to the straw curtain of the different establishment different-thickness of plant growing protection slope construction and maintenance phase outdoor temperature；

Step 2 sets holdfast in slope surface after the clear slope in slope is cut according to certain spacing；

Step 3, plant growing protection slope construction, including building plant growing protection slope layer, vegetable seeds is contained on the plant growing protection slope layer surface layer；

The straw curtain woven is laid with to the slope surface of plant growing protection slope by step 4；

Step 5 according to the straw rope of certain spacing arrangement certain diameter above straw curtain, and straw rope is fixed on holdfast；

Step 6, water seasoning, plant seed germination simultaneously drill out rice straw mulching layer.

2. a kind of rice straw mulching technology of plant growing protection slope according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Rice described in step 1 The thickness of straw screen or mat is 5mm-10mm；When plant growing protection slope construction and maintenance phase outdoor temperature is less than 10 DEG C, the thickness of straw curtain is 8mm-10mm；When outdoor temperature is not less than 10 DEG C, the thickness of straw curtain is 5mm-8mm.

3. a kind of rice straw mulching technology of plant growing protection slope according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The straw curtain establishment Rope used includes straw rope, the rope made of hemp or bamboo cane；The porosity of straw curtain is not less than 40%.

4. a kind of rice straw mulching technology of plant growing protection slope according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Anchor described in step 2 For nail using waddy or bamboo pole, waddy diameter is not less than 3cm, and bamboo pole diameter is not less than 5cm；Holdfast is inserted into slopes depth and is not less than 50cm, the slope surface that holdfast exposes after the completion of construction are not less than 10cm；The spacing of holdfast is 2m × 2m.

5. a kind of rice straw mulching technology of plant growing protection slope according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is planted described in step 3 Raw slope protection construction is included in slope surface and sets a certain number of drain holes.

6. a kind of rice straw mulching technology of plant growing protection slope according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Rice is laid in step 4 During straw screen or mat, the lap of splice between straw curtain and straw curtain is 3cm-5cm, and is bound with straw rope or the rope made of hemp.

7. a kind of rice straw mulching technology of plant growing protection slope according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is careless described in step 5 The diameter of rope is not less than 2cm, and its spacing is 2m × 2m.

8. a kind of rice straw mulching technology of plant growing protection slope according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is planted described in step 6 Species need not remove straw curtain after drilling out rice straw mulching layer, and after waiting plant growths for a period of time, plant roots and stems play straw curtain To fixed function.

9. a kind of rice straw mulching technology of plant growing protection slope according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The plant growth Afterwards, straw curtain and straw rope rot, and the organic matter of degradation can provide nutrient for plant.

10. a kind of rice straw mulching technology of plant growing protection slope according to any one of claim 1 to 9, it is characterised in that：Institute It states plant growing protection slope and includes plant cover concrete ecological revetment, anti-scouring substrate (PEB) ecological revetment, thick photoresist slope vegetation protection, liquid Press Spray turfing bank protection, spray sowing bank protection etc..