CN107897177A - A kind of antistaling agent and its processing method of Chinese herbaceous peony Fresh Cutting flower - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a preservative for fresh cut peony flowers and a processing method thereof. The antistaling agent is composed of 8-hydroxyquinoline and monosaccharide, which can be formulated with water into a preservative treatment agent such as bottle insertion solution for use. The treatment method comprises (1) using 1-MCP to fumigate the fresh cut peony flowers; (2) inserting the fumigated fresh cut peony flowers in the fresh-keeping treatment agent. The formula of the antistaling agent is simple, the components are easy to obtain, and the price is cheap; the preparation of the antistaling treatment agent is very simple and easy, and does not contain organic solvent; the method is simple and easy. The invention has the advantages of high efficiency, no poison and no pollution.

Description

Preservative for fresh-cut peony flowers and processing method thereof

technical field

The technical field of fresh-cut flower preservation of the present invention particularly relates to a fresh-keeping treatment agent for fresh cut peony flowers.

Background technique

Peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) belongs to the perennial herb of Paeoniaceae and is a traditional famous flower in my country. Its large flowers, bright colors and straight stems have been loved by people since ancient times and are often used as fresh cut flowers. At present, large-scale peony ornamental cultivation and fresh-cut flower production have been formed in Heze, Shandong, Luoyang, Henan, the United States, Japan, the Netherlands and other countries. However, fresh-cut peony has a short and concentrated flowering period, and its vase life is short, which seriously affects its commercial value. 'Yang Fei Chu Yu' is a traditional variety of peony in my country. The flowers are light pink at the beginning, white in full bloom, sometimes dotted with purple color spots.

As an endogenous hormone, ethylene regulates various physiological activities in plants, including seed germination, sex differentiation, organ abscission, and fruit ripening. In plants, the synthesis pathway of ethylene is complicated, and its synthesis comes from methionine, and the synthesis pathway is reported as Met-SAM-ACC-C ₂ H ₄ . The ethylene signal transduction pathway may be relatively more complex. According to reports, the ethylene conduction pathway is ETR1/ERS1/EIN4/ETR2/ETS2-CTR1-EIN2-EIN3.

It is also reported that the biosynthesis of ethylene is affected by external conditions: mechanical damage, pests, drought, waterlogging, low temperature stress, CO ₂ , IAA treatment, etc. cause the enhancement of ethylene synthesis, AVG, AOA, CO ²⁺ , Ni ²⁺ , DNP, CCCP, etc. can effectively inhibit the synthesis of ethylene.

The cutting damage of fresh-cut flowers during the harvest process and the cold chain circulation adopted to inhibit the metabolism of fresh-cut flowers during the post-harvest process may lead to an increase in the production of endogenous ethylene. In addition, in the process of postharvest circulation, fresh cut flowers may also be subjected to exogenous effects.

However, the response of fresh cut flowers to ethylene is complex, some are sensitive to ethylene, and some are not sensitive to ethylene. Correspondingly, some people think that ethylene has a positive effect on the normal opening of flowers, which is required for the normal opening of flowers; Inhibit the production of ethylene or block the transduction of ethylene, thereby reducing the negative effects of ethylene. For this reason, cut flower preservatives sometimes contain ethylene-inhibiting components.

Fresh-cut flower preservatives can be divided into pretreatment liquid, flower urging liquid and bottle insertion liquid according to the application. In addition to the ethylene inhibitor components that inhibit ethylene, water, nutrients, fungicides or antibacterial agents, plant growth regulators, antioxidants, anti-transpiration agents, etc. are usually included. As ethylene inhibitors, some even mainly adopt chemical inhibition ethylene methods such as silver thiosulfate (STS) to delay the life of fresh-cut vases. The silver thiosulfate used in this method will bring environmental pollution.

1-MCP (1-methylcyclopropene) is a new ethylene action inhibitor. It is non-toxic, tasteless, stable at room temperature, and has a strong inhibitory effect on ethylene. Therefore, it is considered to be an ethylene action inhibitor. . The mechanism of action of 1-MCP is considered to be that an irreversible reaction occurs immediately after contact with the ethylene receptor protein in plant cells, which hinders the combination of the receptor and ethylene, thereby inhibiting or delaying the occurrence of plant physiological aging. However, cut flowers are living, complex organisms that respond to ethylene in varying or opposite directions, or that do not show a significant or detectable response to ethylene. Therefore, some people divide fresh-cut flowers into ethylene-sensitive fresh-cut flowers and ethylene-insensitive fresh-cut flowers according to their sensitivity to ethylene.

Similar to the response of cut flowers to ethylene treatment, the responses of cut flowers to 1-MCP, an ethylene inhibitor, also varied. Fresh cut flowers of different biological categories (such as different families, genus or species) or even within the same kind of fresh cut flowers showed different or even opposite responses to ethylene treatment and ethylene inhibitor treatment. Even the ethylene-sensitive fresh-cut flowers showed various responses to 1-MCP treatment.

For example CN201210010309.X discloses a kind of storage and fresh-keeping method of Strelitzia fresh-cut flowers, wherein adopts 1-MCP to carry out fumigation treatment, wherein thinks that 1-MCP treatment can suppress dehydration, suppresses the release of ethylene (proving that 1-MCP is in Crane Wanglanzhong is an ethylene synthesis inhibitor, which is different from the report that 1-MCP is an ethylene inhibitor), reduces the relative membrane permeability of the petals and the content of anthocyanins in the petals, and promotes the blooming of Strelitzia orchids.

However, whether fresh cut flowers of peony are ethylene-sensitive or ethylene-insensitive cut flowers has not yet been determined. It has been reported that some varieties are sensitive and some are not. In addition, there is no antistaling agent specially used for the fresh-keeping of peony fresh-cut flowers so far. In view of the important status of fresh cut peony flowers and the fact that their lifespan is relatively short, it is highly desirable to provide a preservative and a fresh-keeping treatment method that can prolong the vase life and/or blooming time of fresh cut peony flowers.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the fresh-cut peony flower has a short blooming time and/or a vase life is short and the like.

(2) Technical solution

The present invention provides a fresh-cut flower preservative in the first aspect, and the preservative is composed of 8-hydroxyquinoline and monosaccharide.

The second aspect of the present invention provides a fresh-keeping agent for cut flowers, which is prepared by dissolving the antistaling agent described in the first aspect of the present invention in water.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for processing fresh cut peony flowers, the method comprising the following steps: (1) using 1-MCP to fumigate the fresh cut peony flowers; (2) treating the fumigated peony Fresh-cut flowers are inserted in the fresh-keeping treatment agent described in the second aspect of the present invention.

(3) Beneficial effects

The technical scheme of the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) The antistaling agent of the present invention has a simple formula, and its components are all easily available and non-polluting products, and the price is cheap.

(2) The preparation of the fresh-keeping treatment agent of the present invention is very simple and easy, and the solvent used is water without any other organic solvents, and belongs to the environment-friendly fresh-keeping treatment agent.

(3) The method of the present invention is simple and easy; the 1-MCP used for the fumigation treatment belongs to non-toxic chemicals and will not cause environmental pollution.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows the photograph after the peony fresh-cut vase of different processing is inserted 120h;

Fig. 2 shows the curve graph of the influence of different treatments on the increase rate of the transverse diameter of the fresh-cut flower of Paeoniae officinalis;

Figure 3 shows the histogram of blooming time of fresh-cut peony flowers with different treatments.

Fig. 4 shows the histogram of vase life span of fresh-cut peony with different treatments.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described more clearly and completely below in conjunction with the specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the technical solution of the present invention , not all technical solutions. Based on the specific implementation methods in the present invention, all other technical solutions obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

The present invention provides a fresh-cut flower preservative in the first aspect, and the preservative is composed of 8-hydroxyquinoline and monosaccharide.

In some preferred embodiments, the monosaccharide is fructose and/or glucose. Fructose is an isomer of glucose, and its chemical formula is C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆ . In terms of dosage, fructose is preferred.

In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the 8-hydroxyquinoline to the monosaccharide is 1:200-400, such as 1:300.

In some preferred embodiments, the fresh-keeping treatment agent is prepared by dissolving the fresh-keeping agent described in the first aspect of the present invention in water.

In some preferred embodiments, in the fresh-keeping treatment agent, the concentration of the 8-hydroxyquinoline is 80 to 120 mg/L, preferably 100 mg/L. In some other preferred embodiments, the concentration of the monosaccharide is 20g/L to 40g/L, preferably 30g/L.

The third aspect of the present invention provides a method for processing fresh-cut peony flowers, the method comprising the steps of:

(1) Use 1-MCP to fumigate the fresh cut flowers of Paeoniae alba;

(2) Insert the fumigated fresh-cut peony flowers into the fresh-keeping treatment agent described in the second aspect of the present invention.

In some preferred embodiments, the effective concentration of 1-MCP used in the fumigation is 4 mg/m ³ . Of course, the concentration of 1-MCP used in fumigation can be adjusted appropriately for different varieties of fresh-cut peonies. The present invention has no special requirements on the fumigation time, and the fumigation time is generally 1 hour to 12 hours, for example, 2 hours to 12 hours, 4 hours to 10 hours. In some preferred embodiments, the fumigation time is 8 hours.

The present invention has no special requirements on the environmental conditions of bottle inserting. However, in some preferred embodiments, step (2) is carried out under ambient conditions with a temperature of 24-26° C. and a humidity of 50%-60%.

The antistaling agent of the present invention or the antistaling treatment agent prepared by the antistaling agent are very suitable for ethylene-sensitive fresh peony cut flowers such as 'Yang Fei Chu Yu', 'Qi Hua Lu Cream' and 'Ling Hua Morning Bath', especially for ethylene-inhibiting Open-flowered peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) fresh cut flowers, especially 'Yang Feichu Yu' peony fresh cut flowers.

Example

plant material:

'Yang Fei Chu Yu' peony fresh cut flowers were taken from Daguantou Peony Garden, Yanqing County, Beijing on June 3, 2017. This variety is a traditional variety in my country. The flowers are light pink at the beginning, white in full bloom, and sometimes purple-red color spots dot it superior. Harvest in the morning with robust flower branches of the same color and size, with 2 to 3 compound leaves, about 30cm long, and flower buds in the loose petal stage, and transport fresh cut flowers to the peony research group of the Vegetable and Flower Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences within 4 hours after harvesting Laboratory refrigerator (4°C). After June 11, 2017, they were successively taken out for testing. It has been observed that the lifespan of fresh-cut vases decreases with the prolongation of storage time.

Embodiment 1 single factor processing

In embodiment 1, bottle inserting reagent and concentration: CK: distilled water; Ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) is a kind of plant growth regulator that can release ethylene: 50mg/L; 1-MCP gas (SmartFresh PD20131624 ): concentration 4mg/m ³ ; anti-transpiration agent 1 (Guoguang Yizhen NY1106-2010): concentration 40mg/L; anti-transpiration agent 2 (Guoguang Kangxiu PD20130807): concentration 3mg/L; fructose: 30g/L; glucose: 60g/L; silver thiosulfate (STS): 1mmol/L; 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ): 100mg/L; sodium benzoate: 40mg/L; acetylsalicylic acid: 30mg/L.

The above 11 kinds of reagents were used to treat the fresh cut flowers of 'Yang Fei Chu Yu' peony. Among them, the 1-MCP treatment method is: insert the fresh-cut vase in distilled water, place it in a closed space, use 1-MCP gas to fumigate for 8 hours, and then take it out and insert it into a normal vase indoors. Other reagents are prepared into solutions for vases of fresh-cut flowers. The ambient temperature of the vase is 24-26°C, and the relative humidity is 50%-60%. The transverse and longitudinal diameters of flowers treated with ethephon were measured at 0h (hour), 6h, 12h, 24h, and 36h, and the transverse and longitudinal diameters of flowers were measured at 0h, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h, and 120h for other treatments. Calculate the increase rate of flower diameter according to the following method, and count the vase life.

Increase rate of flower diameter (%)=(flower diameter on the nth day (d)-flower diameter before treatment)/flower diameter before treatment×100%.

Vase lifespan: the number of days in a vase from the date of vase to the day before the flowers begin to wilt, turn blue or fall off.

Flowering rate (%): The percentage of blooming flowers in the total number of flowering branches.

Table 1-1 Ethephon treatment transverse diameter increase rate (%) (n=9)

It can be seen from the above table that the increase rate of the transverse diameter of 'Yang Fei Chuyu' was significantly lower than that of the control group when the vase was inserted for 36 hours. Therefore, it shows that the opening and senescence of 'Yang Fei Chu Yu' fresh cut flowers are sensitive to ethylene, and the treatment with 1-MCP should be able to inhibit the adverse effects of ethylene on fresh cut flowers.

Table 1-2 Ethephon Treatment Longitudinal Diameter Increase Rate (%) (n=9)

However, it can be seen from the above table that the effect of ethephon treatment on the increase rate of flower longitudinal diameter is not significant.

Based on the data in Tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that ethylene only had a significant effect on the increase rate of the transverse diameter of 'Yang Fei Chu Yu' fresh cut flowers in the late stage, but in the treatment process from 6h to 36h, it had a significant effect on the 'Yang Fei Chu Yu' It is very interesting that the rate of longitudinal diameter increase of fresh cut flowers was not significantly affected.

Table 1-5 single factor treatment florescence statistics (n=9)

It can be seen from the data in the above table that the flowers treated with ethephon did not reach the blooming time. 1-MCP, as an ethylene antagonist, shortens the blooming time and vase life, and reduces the flowering rate to a certain extent, which is very surprising. The active ingredient of anti-transpiration agent 1 is humic acid, the purpose is to prevent excessive evaporation of water, so as to facilitate the opening of flowers, but the experimental results found that it prevents the flowers from opening normally. Anti-transpiration agent 2, whose active ingredient is ABA, could not play the role of prolonging the flowering period as expected. Although the fructose and glucose treatments can increase the flower diameter, the individual treatments have little effect on the vase life. STS (silver thiosulfate) is an anti-ethylene agent, but the vase treatment will blacken the stems of fresh-cut flowers, and lead to a decrease in flowering quality and a shortened vase life. 8-HQ is a fungicide, and sodium benzoate has bactericidal and anti-oxidant effects, both of which have a significant effect on increasing the flower diameter, but shorten the vase life. Acetylsalicylic acid has no obvious effect on the increase of flower diameter and shortens the vase life. From the above results, it can be seen that the vase performance of 'Yang Fei Chu Yu' peony fresh-cut flowers is very complicated, and the results of ethylene inhibition are different due to the different types of ethylene inhibitors.

Embodiment 2 two factor processing

Use 1-MCP to combine with anti-transpiration agent 1, anti-transpiration agent 2, fructose, glucose, STS, 8-HQ, sodium benzoate, and acetylsalicylic acid respectively, and the concentration is the same as in Example 1. The treatment method is as follows: put the fresh cut flowers in the corresponding vase solution, fumigate with 1-MCP gas for 8 hours in a closed space, and then take them out to normal vases indoors. The results are shown in the table below.

Table 2-3 two factors deal with flowering statistics (n=9)

It can be seen from Table 2-1 that except for the combined treatment of 1-MCP with anti-transpiration agent 2 (ABA), sodium benzoate and acetylsalicylic acid, which can increase the rate of transverse diameter increase at a certain time or period of time, other treatments None had a significant impact.

It can be seen from Table 2-2 that the anti-transpiration agent seriously reduces the increase rate of the longitudinal diameter, and the same is true for acetylsalicylic acid in the later stage. On the contrary, 8-HQ, which has no effect when used alone in the previous test, is due to the combination of 1-MCP It shows an extraordinary effect in the later period when it is used, and it significantly improves the growth of the longitudinal diameter during the treatment period of 96h to 120h, which is very unexpected.

The results showed that the combination treatment of 1-MCP with anti-transpiration agent 1 (humic acid) and anti-transpiration agent 2 (ABA) significantly shortened the blooming time and shortened the vase life to a certain extent, especially anti-transpiration agent 1 , the flowering rate was only 55.6% of the control, so these two reagents are not suitable for combined treatment with 1-MCP to preserve fresh cut peony flowers, especially ethylene-sensitive fresh cut flowers. Both STS and acetylsalicylic acid significantly reduced vase life when treated in combination with 1-MCP, so both combinations were also undesirable.

Neither fructose nor glucose had a significant positive effect on bloom time and vase life when combined with 1-MCP, but the combination of fructose and 1-MCP had the longest vase life among all combined treatments. 8-HQ significantly increased bloom time when combined with 1-MCP.

Therefore, in general, the 1-MCP+fructose treatment group and the 1-MCP+8-HQ treatment group had a larger flower diameter increase rate and a longer vase life. The difference in flower diameter increase rate between 1-MCP+fructose and 1-MCP+glucose groups was small, but the vase life of 1-MCP+fructose treatment group was longer, and the concentration of fructose needed was lower than that of glucose. Flowers in the 1-MCP+anti-transpiration 1 and 1-MCP+STS groups could not open normally, and the increase rate of flower diameter was low. The 1-MCP+anti-transpiration agent 2 group can open normally, but the increase rate of flower diameter and vase life are not improved. 1-MCP+sodium benzoate and 1-MCP+acetylsalicylic acid had obvious effects on increasing flower diameter, but they could not prolong vase life.

Embodiment 3 three factors process concentration screening

According to the results of the two-factor screening, the fructose concentration in the 1-MCP+8-HQ+fructose treatment combination was screened, and three fructose concentrations of 20g/L, 30g/L and 40g/L were set respectively. Treatment includes: 2%: 1-MCP (4mg/m ³ ) + 8-HQ (100mg/L) + fructose (20g/L); 3%: 1-MCP (4mg/m ³ ) + 8-HQ (100mg /L)+fructose (30g/L); 4%: 1-MCP (4mg/m ³ )+8-HQ (100mg/L)+fructose (40g/L). The results are shown in the table below.

Table 3-1 Three-factor treatment transverse diameter increase rate (%) (n=9)

Table 3-2 three-factor treatment florescence statistics (n=9)

As can be seen from the results in the table above, the blooming time of the 1-MCP+8-HQ+fructose three-component treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group, wherein, 1-MCP (4mg/m ³ )+8-HQ (100mg/L )+fructose (30g/L) treatment group had the largest flower diameter increase rate and the longest vase life.

Embodiment 4 Composite fresh-keeping treatment agent handles

Based on treatment A: 1-MCP (4mg/m ³ ) + fructose (30g/L) + 8-HQ (100mg/L), the treatments B, C, D, and E were respectively set. Among them, treatment B replaced 8-HQ with sodium benzoate which has bactericidal and antiseptic effects, treatment C added anti-transpiration agent 2 on the basis of A, treatment D added sodium benzoate on the basis of A, and treatment E added the basis of A treatment Add anti-transpiration 2 and sodium benzoate. The specific treatment groups are as follows: Treatment A: 1-MCP (4mg/m ³ )+fructose (30g/L)+8-HQ (100mg/L); Treatment B: 1-MCP (4mg/m ³ )+fructose (30g /L)+sodium benzoate (40mg/L); treatment C: 1-MCP (4mg/m ³ )+fructose (30g/L)+8-HQ (100mg/L)+anti-transpiration agent 2 (3mg/L) ; Treatment D: 1-MCP (4mg/m ³ ) + Fructose (30g/L) + 8-HQ (100mg/L) + Sodium Benzoate (40mg/L); Treatment E: 1-MCP (4mg/m ³ ) + fructose (30g/L) + 8-HQ (100mg/L) + anti-transpiration agent 2 (3mg/L) + sodium benzoate (40mg/L). A bottle of distilled water was used as a control (CK). The results are listed in the table below.

Table 4-1 Composite fresh-keeping treatment agent treatment transverse diameter increase rate (%) (n=9)

Table 4-2 Composite fresh-keeping agent treatment florescence statistics (n=9)

The results showed that, at 96h and 120h of vase insertion, the increase rate of the transverse diameter of treatment A was significantly higher than that of CK and other treatments (see Figure 2). Bloom time and vase life were longer in treatment A, with no significant differences between treatments B, C, D, E and CK (see Figures 3 and 4). In addition, the observation of the vase flowering process found that the petals of the treatments C and E added with anti-transpiration agent 2 fell off faster (see Figure 1).

In general, whether it is flower diameter, blooming time or vase life, the comprehensive effect of treatment group A is the best.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a fresh-cut flower antistaling agent, is characterized in that, described antistaling agent is made up of 8-hydroxyquinoline and monosaccharide. 2. The antistaling agent according to claim 1, wherein the monosaccharide is fructose and/or glucose; preferably fructose. 3. The antistaling agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mass ratio of the 8-hydroxyquinoline to the monosaccharide is 1:200-400. 4. A fresh-cut flower fresh-keeping treatment agent, characterized in that, the fresh-keeping treatment agent is prepared by dissolving the fresh-keeping agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in water. 5. fresh-keeping treatment agent according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in described fresh-keeping treatment agent: The concentration of the 8-hydroxyquinoline is 80 to 120mg/L, preferably 100mg/L; and/or The concentration of the monosaccharide is 20g/L to 40g/L, preferably 30g/L. 6. A method for processing fresh cut flowers of Paeoniae radix, characterized in that, the method comprises the steps: (1) Use 1-MCP to fumigate the fresh cut flowers of Paeoniae alba; (2) Insert the fresh-cut peony flowers through fumigation in the fresh-keeping treatment agent described in claim 4 or 5. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the concentration of 1-MCP used in the fumigation is 4 mg/m ³ . 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the fumigation time is 8 hours. 9. The method according to any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that step (2) is carried out under ambient conditions with a temperature of 24-26°C and a humidity of 50%-60%. 10. according to the method described in any one in claim 6 to 9, it is characterized in that, described peony fresh cut flower is ethylene-sensitive type peony fresh cut flower, is preferably the peony fresh cut flower that ethylene suppresses flower open type, more preferably ' poplar Concubine out of the bath 'peony fresh cut flowers.