CN103875672B - A kind of walnut early frost antifreezing agent - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a walnut early frost antifreeze, which is characterized in that: the walnut early frost antifreeze is composed of ethanol solution of abscisic acid, acetic acid solution of insect chitosan, proline aqueous solution, trehalose aqueous solution, ethanol, glycerin and water compounded. The invention aims at inducing the occurrence of endogenous antifreeze metabolism of walnuts, avoiding the harm of early frost by falling leaves in advance, and achieving the antifreeze effect of walnut trees as a novel plant antifreeze. The antifreeze agent of the present invention can promote walnut trees to shed leaves about 15 days in advance under the same temperature conditions, effectively avoid early frost hazards, and at the same time induce endogenous antifreeze metabolism to achieve the effect of walnut trees against early frost.

Description

A walnut early frost antifreeze

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of plant growth regulators and relates to a walnut early frost antifreeze agent. The principle is to promote the defoliation of walnut trees and enter the dormant period in advance.

Background technique

Walnut is an important pillar industry for developing economy and increasing farmers' income in my country's mountainous areas, and it is also one of the main dry fruit export varieties in my country. With the rapid development of the rural economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, walnuts are favored by consumers for their nutritional value and health care functions. Frost damage is an important factor restricting the natural production and harvest of walnuts in my country. Its impact is far greater than that of walnut diseases and insect pests. In Yunnan, Shaanxi, Xinjiang, Shanxi, Hebei and other provinces and regions where walnuts are mainly produced in China, there are walnut frost damage problems. Frost on walnuts usually occurs in the early frost in autumn or the late spring in spring. Walnut frost damage has a very serious impact on walnut production. Reduced production, or even no harvest. It is of great significance to study the prevention and control technology of walnut frost damage and do a good job in the prevention of walnut frost damage for the high yield of walnut in our country.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is a walnut early frost antifreeze agent, which can change the shortage of plant hormones commonly used in traditional plant antifreeze agents. The present invention utilizes nutrient elements and plant endogenous signal substances to regulate the growth and development of walnut trees to achieve the effect of delaying the germination of flower buds and leaf buds and promoting the later development of leaf buds and flower buds, so as to avoid the frostbite of early frost on sprouting buds and achieve the effect of anti-early frost .

The technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of walnut early frost antifreezing agent, it is characterized in that: this walnut early frost antifreezing agent is made of ethanol solution of abscisic acid, acetic acid solution of insect chitosan, proline aqueous solution, trehalose aqueous solution, ethanol, Combination of glycerin and water.

The preparation of 1L walnut early frost antifreeze requires the following mass-volume ratio of raw materials: 0.0001-0.01% ethanol solution of abscisic acid, 0.01-1.0% acetic acid solution of insect chitosan, and 0.01-1.0% proline solution , trehalose aqueous solution 0.01-1.0%, ethanol 5-30%, glycerin 10-50%, and the balance is water.

The preparation method of the walnut early frost antifreeze is: sequentially mix the ethanol solution of abscisic acid, insect chitosan solution, proline aqueous solution and trehalose aqueous solution in the formula quantity, and then add the ethanol and glycerin in the formula quantity successively and water, mix well and bottle.

Described walnut early frost antifreeze is sprayed 2 weeks before the walnut tree flower bud germinates in early spring.

The walnut early frost antifreeze is soaked in hot water at 50-60°C for 5 minutes before opening the bottle, taken out and shaken vigorously to ensure that there is no solid precipitation in the bottle; when used, dilute it 500 times with tap water.

The advantages of the present invention are: the antifreeze agent of the present invention has the effect of delaying the germination of flower buds and leaf buds of walnut trees, and the delay time of flower buds and leaf bud germination is as long as 10 to 15 days, which can achieve the effect of avoiding the harm of early frost, thereby achieving the effect of anti-early frost and antifreeze. Effect. At the same time, the trace elements and chitosan in the formula can further stimulate other stress-resistant reactions of plants and promote the later growth of flower buds and leaf buds without negatively affecting the growth of walnut trees. Compared with traditional plant antifreeze, this formula does not contain any plant hormone growth regulators, is mild in nature, does not interfere with plant growth and development, and belongs to the effect of nutritionally regulating plant stress resistance and delaying germination. Among them, abscisic acid (ABA) is a natural substance ubiquitous in plants. It is naturally contained in fruits, vegetables, and grains eaten by humans, and is safe for humans and the environment. Abscisic acid is a plant hormone with a sesquiterpene structure. Abscisic acid can promote the accumulation of storage substances in seeds and fruits, especially storage proteins and sugars; it plays a vital role in inducing plant stress resistance. Chitosan has obvious physiological regulation function on the key enzymes of plant ammonia assimilation, which can improve the ability of plants to assimilate NH4+, facilitate the biosynthesis and accumulation of protein, improve the nutritional quality and traits of plants; and can quickly stimulate the defense response of plants, Activate the plant's defense system and effectively improve the plant's resistance.

detailed description

Example 1

To prepare 1L of Walnut Early Frost Antifreeze:

Take 0.01mL of ethanol solution of abscisic acid with mass volume ratio concentration of 5%, 1mL of acetic acid solution of insect chitosan with mass volume ratio concentration of 1%, 1mL of proline aqueous solution with mass volume ratio concentration of 10%, mass 1 mL of trehalose aqueous solution with a concentration of 10% by volume, 100 mL of ethanol, 300 mL of glycerin, and water as the balance.

Mix the ethanol solution of abscisic acid of the above quality, the acetic acid solution of insect chitosan, the aqueous solution of proline, and the aqueous solution of trehalose in sequence, and then add the ethanol, glycerin and water of the above quality in sequence, mix well and bottle it. .

Example 2

To prepare 1L of Walnut Early Frost Antifreeze:

Take 0.001mL of ethanol solution of abscisic acid with mass volume ratio concentration of 5%, 0.1mL of acetic acid solution of insect chitosan with mass volume ratio concentration of 1%, and 0.1mL of proline aqueous solution with mass volume ratio concentration of 10%. , 0.1 mL of an aqueous solution of trehalose, 50 mL of ethanol, 100 mL of glycerin, and the balance being water.

Mix the ethanol solution of abscisic acid of the above quality, the acetic acid solution of insect chitosan, the aqueous solution of proline, and the aqueous solution of trehalose in sequence, and then add the ethanol, glycerin and water of the above quality in sequence, mix well and bottle it. .

Example 3

To prepare 1L of Walnut Early Frost Antifreeze:

Take 0.1mL of ethanol solution of abscisic acid with mass volume ratio concentration of 5%, 10mL of acetic acid solution of insect chitosan with mass volume ratio concentration of 1%, 10mL of proline aqueous solution with mass volume ratio concentration of 10%. 10mL trehalose aqueous solution with volume ratio concentration of 10%, ethanol 300mL, glycerin 500mL, and water as the balance.

Mix the ethanol solution of abscisic acid of the above quality, the acetic acid solution of insect chitosan, the aqueous solution of proline, and the aqueous solution of trehalose in sequence, and then add the ethanol, glycerin and water of the above quality in sequence, mix well and bottle it. .

The acetic acid solution of insect chitosan in the above-mentioned embodiment is that the insect source chitosan is dissolved in the acetic acid aqueous solution whose mass volume ratio concentration is 1%, and the insect source chitosan content obtained is 1% (W/V). Acetic acid solution of chitosan.

Example 4

1. Mother liquor preparation

(1) Phytohormone ABA mother liquor:

Abscisic acid was prepared as a 5% (W/V) ethanol solution.

(2) Preparation of insect source chitosan solution:

Insect-derived chitosan was dissolved in 1% aqueous acetic acid to a final concentration of 1% (W/V).

(3) Nutrient mother solution:

Proline and trehalose are prepared as 10% (W/V) aqueous solution, and the concentration of both components is 10%.

2. Antifreeze

Mix the above mother liquor in turn according to the following mass volume ratio (W/V): 0.0001-0.01% ethanol solution of abscisic acid, 0.01-1.0% acetic acid solution of insect chitosan, 0.01-1.0% proline aqueous solution, Trehalose aqueous solution 0.01-1.0% mixed evenly;

Then add 5-30% (W/V) ethanol, then add 10-50% (W/V) glycerin, and finally add distilled water to 1L, which is the antifreeze stock solution of the present invention.

The raw materials in the above examples can be purchased directly from the market.

Bioactivity assay

The embodiment 1-4 of antifreezing agent of the present invention takes walnut tree as material, sprays antifreezing agent about 2 weeks before the flower buds of walnut trees germinate in early spring, and carries out flower bud, leaf bud delayed action and later stage growth rate measurement, to clarify the antifreezing agent of the present invention biological activity.

(1) Preparation of antifreeze working fluid of the present invention:

Test medicament: antifreeze agent of the present invention

The antifreeze stock solution of the present invention is soaked in hot water at 50-60° C. for 5 minutes before opening the bottle, taken out and shaken vigorously to ensure that no solid is precipitated in the bottle. Diluted 500 times with tap water, processed as follows, each group of 10 trees had 1 repetition, and each treatment had 3 repetitions:

a) Control group: only the same amount of tap water was sprayed.

b) Control group: only spray antifreeze on side branches and small branches (branches with buds), and require uniform spraying to form a uniformly distributed thin layer on the surface of branches. (The control group is 4 groups, which are respectively the antifreeze agents of Examples 1-4)

c) After spraying, observe the defoliation situation of each experimental tree body day by day; after all the walnut trees of the control group and the control group have fallen leaves, cut the side branches of the growing flower buds, and get the middle bark of the branches to measure the pyruvate kinase relevant to the plant's frost resistance (PyruvateKinase) peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) activity, and soluble protein and proline content.

(2) Antifreeze test result after application of antifreeze of the present invention:

One month after the antifreeze was applied, the daily statistics of the walnut tree defoliation showed that all the walnut trees in the control group were defoliated about 15 days earlier than the control group (Table 1), which shows that the inventive formula has the effect of promoting the walnut tree to defoliate in advance and enter dormancy. role. The walnut tree enters the stage of leaf fall and dormancy in advance, which can just avoid the harm of early frost in autumn or early winter from the perspective of phenology.

Table 1 Defoliation effect of walnut antifreeze

One month after spraying (the walnut trees in the control group and the control group were all deciduous), the activity of kinase, POD, and CAT in the bark of the walnut branches in the control group were all higher than those in the control group, and the contents of soluble protein and proline were also higher than those in the control group. (Table 2). It shows that the activity of antifreeze-related enzymes and the level of antifreeze protein in the branches of walnut trees after the application of the medicine are significantly higher than those of the control, and the antifreeze ability of the walnut tree body has been improved after the application of the medicine.

Table 2 Enzyme activity analysis of walnut collateral bark

To sum up, through the research and practice of walnut antifreeze in recent years, we have concluded that using abscisic acid and chitosan as the main inducers and defoliation regulators, together with nutrients and protective agents, spray walnuts before the early frost in autumn. It can achieve the effect of early defoliation and related frost resistance by regulating the metabolism and growth of walnut trees. The present invention uses harmless plant hormones, chitosan, nutrients, protective agents and other combinations to form a formula combination for inducing the frost resistance of walnut trees, which can make walnut trees fall leaves in advance and achieve the purpose of avoiding the harm of early frost. It can induce the endogenous antifreeze metabolic pathway of walnut trees to achieve the effect of avoiding frost and enhancing frost resistance.

Claims (3)

1. a walnut early frost antifreeze is characterized in that: this walnut early frost antifreeze is compounded by the ethanol solution of abscisic acid, the acetic acid solution of insect chitosan, proline aqueous solution, trehalose aqueous solution, ethanol, glycerin and water To prepare 1L of walnut early frost antifreeze requires the following mass-volume ratio of raw materials: 0.0001-0.01% ethanol solution of abscisic acid, 0.01-1.0% acetic acid solution of insect chitosan, 0.01% proline aqueous solution -1.0%, trehalose aqueous solution 0.01-1.0%, ethanol 5-30%, glycerol 10-50%, and the balance is water; The solution, the insect chitosan solution, the proline aqueous solution and the trehalose aqueous solution are mixed evenly, and then the ethanol, glycerin and water in the formula quantity are added in sequence, fully mixed evenly and bottled. 2. a kind of using method of walnut early frost antifreezing agent as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described walnut early frost antifreezing agent is sprayed 2 weeks before the walnut tree flower bud germinates in early spring. 3. A method of using the walnut early frost antifreeze as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the walnut early frost antifreeze is soaked in hot water at 50-60°C for 5 minutes before opening the bottle, and shaken vigorously. Make sure that there is no solid precipitation in the bottle; when using, dilute 500 times with tap water.