CN107859079A - Preceding apparatus for work and excavator - Google Patents
Preceding apparatus for work and excavator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107859079A CN107859079A CN201610842304.1A CN201610842304A CN107859079A CN 107859079 A CN107859079 A CN 107859079A CN 201610842304 A CN201610842304 A CN 201610842304A CN 107859079 A CN107859079 A CN 107859079A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- swing arm
- dipper
- pin
- hydraulic cylinder
- work
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
- E02F3/301—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom with more than two arms (boom included), e.g. two-part boom with additional dipper-arm
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/38—Cantilever beams, i.e. booms;, e.g. manufacturing processes, forms, geometry or materials used for booms; Dipper-arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, forms, geometry or materials used for dipper-arms; Bucket-arms
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Shovels (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preceding apparatus for work and excavator, the job area and digging force of apparatus for work before being changed according to the execution conditions of reality.In the preceding apparatus for work (4) of the excavator,With swing arm (11),Dipper (13),Scraper bowl (15) and the swing arm is driven respectively,Dipper,The boom cylinder (12) of scraper bowl,Dipper hydraulic cylinder (14),Bucket hydraulic cylinder (16),The rear end of dipper hydraulic cylinder (14) is installed in hinged way on the upper flange of the middle part of swing arm (11),The front end of dipper hydraulic cylinder (14) is installed in hinged way in the end of dipper (13),Diverse location on the length direction of two coxostermums of dipper (13) is asymmetrically formed the swing arm installed the multipair front end for swing arm (11) and connects pin-and-hole (134,135),The front end of the swing arm (11) is connected with multipair swing arm in hinged way using pin with a pair (134 of certain in pin-and-hole,135) connect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preceding apparatus for work of excavator and the excavator with the preceding apparatus for work, more particularly to preceding operation
The attachment structure of swing arm and dipper in device.
Background technology
In existing excavator, generally it is provided with by swing arm, dipper, scraper bowl and divides on the swivel mount of upper rotating body
Not Qu Dong swing arm, dipper, scraper bowl hydraulic cylinder composition preceding apparatus for work.By by each Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder swing arm, dipper, shovel
Struggle against to implement the operation such as excavation, smooth.
But in above-mentioned excavator, there are the following problems：Because the connection of each building block in preceding apparatus for work is closed
System is fixed, therefore its job area and digging force are also fixed for preceding apparatus for work.Applied in order to tackle difference
Before work condition and needing changes in the case of the job area or digging force of apparatus for work, it usually needs overall to preceding apparatus for work
Or partly (such as changing dipper) is changed, to obtain desired job area or digging force.Thus, it has to
Prepare it is different types of cover before apparatus for work or its building block etc., applicable preceding operation is selected under different execution conditions
Device or building block.But in this case, the replacement operation in preceding apparatus for work becomes numerous and diverse, while can cause cost drastically
Increase.
The content of the invention
The present invention makes in view of the above problems, its object is to provide a kind of preceding apparatus for work and excavator, only
Pass through a kind of preceding apparatus for work, it becomes possible to the job area and digging force of apparatus for work before changing according to different execution conditions.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is a kind of preceding apparatus for work, is mounted in the upper rotating body of excavator,
Drive with swing arm, dipper, scraper bowl and respectively the swing arm, dipper, the boom cylinder of scraper bowl, dipper hydraulic cylinder, bucket hydraulic
Cylinder, the preceding apparatus for work of the excavator be characterised by, on the upper flange of the middle part of the swing arm in hinged way
The rear end of the dipper hydraulic cylinder is installed, before the dipper hydraulic cylinder is installed in hinged way in the end of the dipper
End, the diverse location on the length direction of two coxostermums of the dipper are asymmetrically formed the multipair front end for the swing arm
The swing arm connection pin-and-hole of installation, the front end of the swing arm is connected with the multipair swing arm in hinged way using pin and uses pin-and-hole
In certain a pair of connection.
Thus, according to the preceding apparatus for work, in the case where being changed without building block, only by changing swing arm front end and bucket
The link position of bar, a pair of swing arm connection pin-and-holes that i.e. selection is connected with swing arm front end from multipair swing arm connection pin-and-hole,
The job area and digging force of apparatus for work before can just being changed according to different execution conditions.With in the past to preceding apparatus for work
Situation about globally or locally being changed is compared, and replacement operation can be avoided to become numerous and diverse and can reduce cost.
In addition, in above-mentioned preceding apparatus for work, the multipair swing arm connection is extended through to be formed with pin-and-hole and symmetrically set
In two coxostermum bottoms of the dipper multipair swing arm with connection boss on, the front end of the swing arm formed with abreast to
A pair of front plates of preceding stretching, pin-and-hole is respectively formed with the pair of front plate, by the swing arm it is the pair of before
Clamping plate from the multipair swing arm of sandwich with the state of certain a pair in connection boss, using pin by the pin-and-hole of the front plate with
The swing arm connection of the dipper is hinged with pin-and-hole.
Due to using the connected mode of common swing arm clam(shell) bucket bar in the connected mode of swing arm and dipper, swing arm front end is
Fork configuration is opened, therefore only needs the diverse location on the length direction of two coxostermums of dipper to be separately symmetrically arranged confession
The swing arm connection boss with pin-and-hole of the front plate installation of swing arm.Change to existing dipper is smaller.
In addition, in above-mentioned preceding apparatus for work, the quantity of the swing arm connection boss is two pairs.Therefore, it is possible to change
The job area and digging force of preceding apparatus for work.
Moreover, the present invention also provides the excavator with above-mentioned preceding apparatus for work.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the side view for representing to be applicable the hydraulic crawler excavator of the preceding apparatus for work of embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is represented under the 1st work pattern, the figure of the annexation and job area of swing arm and dipper.Wherein, (a)
Represent that dipper hydraulic cylinder shorten to the state of minimum, (b) represents the elongation of dipper hydraulic cylinder for maximum state.
Fig. 3 is represented under the 2nd work pattern, the figure of the annexation and job area of swing arm and dipper.Wherein, (a)
Represent that dipper hydraulic cylinder shorten to the state of minimum, (b) represents the elongation of dipper hydraulic cylinder for maximum state.
Description of reference numerals
1：Lower traveling body；2：Upper rotating body；3：Excavating gear；8：Swivel mount；9：Operating room；11：Swing arm；13：Bucket
Bar；15：Scraper bowl；12：Boom cylinder；14：Dipper hydraulic cylinder；16：Bucket hydraulic cylinder；111、113：Straight shape part；112：It is curved
Bent portions；114：Hydraulic cylinder connection boss；115：Upper ear plate；116：Front plate；131：Otic placode afterwards；132、133：Swing arm connects
Use boss；134、135：Swing arm connection pin-and-hole
Embodiment
The present invention can be widely used in by swing arm, dipper, scraper bowl and boom cylinder, dipper hydraulic cylinder, shovel
Struggle against hydraulic cylinder composition preceding apparatus for work excavator, such as crawler type or wheeled hydraulic crawler excavator, electronic can be applied to
Excavator and hybrid power type excavator.Hereinafter, by taking caterpillar hybrid excavator as an example, the brief description of the drawings present invention is used
Preferred embodiment.In addition, for convenience of description, exist structural element ratio is inconsistent and clipped structural element
Situation.
Fig. 1 is the side view for representing to be applicable the hydraulic crawler excavator of the preceding apparatus for work of embodiments of the present invention.Such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, the vehicle body of hydraulic crawler excavator by can be voluntarily caterpillar lower traveling body 1 and can rotatably be mounted in the bottom row
The upper rotating body 2 sailed on body 1 is formed.The front side of upper rotating body 2 in a manner of it can carry out pitching motion be provided with as
The excavating gear 3 of the backhoe type of preceding apparatus for work, hydraulic crawler excavator can use the excavating gear 3 to carry out digging operation, smooth
Operation etc..
Lower traveling body 1 has：A pair of crawler belts 4a, 4b and track frame 5a, 5b (illustrate only side in Fig. 1)；It is independent
Ground drive control each crawler belt 4a, 4b a pair of travelings use hydraulic motor 6,7 and its reducing gear.
Upper rotating body 2 is configured to comprising the swivel mount 8 as pedestal and the operating room being mounted on the swivel mount 8
9.The driver's seat taken a seat for operator is provided with operating room 9, the action bars provided with traveling, operation use around driver's seat
Action bars (not shown).On the other hand, engine (not shown), hydraulic pump, auxiliary power generation horse are provided with swivel mount 8
Reach, heat-exchange device, electrical storage device, rotation motor, inverter unit etc..
Excavating gear 3 with lower part by being formed：Rear end is arranged on to the toe lateral of swivel mount 8 in which can carry out pitching motion
Swing arm 11；The dipper 13 of the front of the swing arm 11 can be rotatably mounted at；The dipper 13 can be rotatably mounted at
The scraper bowl 15 of front；With the boom cylinder 12, the dipper that are made up of hydraulic cylinder for driving the swing arm 11, dipper 13, scraper bowl 15
Hydraulic cylinder 14, bucket hydraulic cylinder 16.
Next, reference picture 2, Fig. 3, illustrate swing arm 11 in the preceding apparatus for work as the inventive point of the present invention with
The attachment structure of dipper 13.In the present embodiment, common swing arm clam(shell) bucket bar is used in the connected mode of swing arm and dipper
Connected mode.
Fig. 2 is represented under the 1st work pattern, the figure of the annexation and job area of swing arm and dipper, wherein, (a)
Represent that dipper hydraulic cylinder shorten to the state of minimum, (b) represents the elongation of dipper hydraulic cylinder for maximum state.Fig. 3 is to represent
Under 2nd work pattern, the figure of the annexation and job area of swing arm and dipper, wherein, (a) represents that dipper hydraulic cylinder is shorten to
Minimum state, (b) represent the elongation of dipper hydraulic cylinder for maximum state.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, swing arm 11 is the curved swing arm of monoblock type, in reclinate shape, by forward and backward two sections of straight shape
This three parts of bent portion 112 of part 111,113 and centre are welded to symmetrical closed hollow box welding
Structure.Each several part has upper flange, the lower wing plate of downside and the web of both sides of upside respectively.In the straight shape part 111 of back segment
End formed with the pin-and-hole for being hingedly mounted to swing arm 11 on swivel mount 8.In the bent portion 112 of centre
The substantial middle of web supplies swing arm liquid with being provided with boss 114 formed with hydraulic cylinder connection boss 114, in the hydraulic cylinder connection
The be hinged pin-and-hole in the front end of cylinder pressure.In the hydraulic cylinder connection with the front of boss 114 and on the upper flange of bent portion 112,
A pair of the upper ear plates (only showing one side) 115,115 abreast erected are provided with spaced intervals, in a pair of upper ear plates 115,115
On the pin-and-hole formed with the rear end for connecting dipper hydraulic cylinder 14 in hinged way.In the front end of the straight shape part 113 of leading portion
Parallel a pair of front plates (only showing one side) 116,116 are extended with forwards, i.e., fork configuration is is opened in front end, before this is a pair
The pin-and-hole being engaged with boss is connected formed with the swing arm with dipper 13 described later on clamping plate 116,116, in hinged way
Installed to dipper 13.
Dipper 13 closes box welding structural body for symmetrical, linear monoblock type, the upper flange with upside,
The lower wing plate of downside and the web of both sides.(only shown in addition, being extended with the rear otic placode of parallel a pair backward in the end of dipper 13
It is unilateral) 131,131, formed with the front end for installing dipper hydraulic cylinder 14 in hinged way on a pair of rear otic placodes 131,131
Pin-and-hole.Moreover, on the front of a pair of rear otic placodes 131,131 and two coxostermums in dipper 13, it is respectively formed with for swing arm
11 a pair of front plates 116,116 from the swing arm connection that sandwich is installed with boss 132,132 (only showing one side),
The swing arm connection with boss 132,132 formed be hinged pin-and-hole 134,134.In addition, after the upper flange of dipper 13
A pair of otic placodes formed with the rear end for connecting bucket hydraulic cylinder 16 in hinged way are held, in the front end of dipper 13 formed with two
The individual boss with pin-and-hole, it is respectively used to connect the company between scraper bowl 15 and dipper 13 and bucket hydraulic cylinder 16 in hinged way
One end of bar.
Thus, when the rear and front end of dipper hydraulic cylinder 14 to be hingedly connected to the one of swing arm 11 by pin respectively
To between a pair of rear otic placodes 131,131 of between upper ear plate 115, the 115 and end of dipper 13, and by before a pair of swing arm front end
Clamping plate 116,116 from sandwich dipper swing arm connection with the opening position of boss 132,132 and when carrying out be hinged with pin, bucket
Bar 13, swing arm 11, dipper hydraulic cylinder 14 are formed as the supporting structure of triangle, by making dipper hydraulic cylinder 14 flexible, and make bucket
Bar 13 is swung along the longitudinal direction using the pin joint of itself and swing arm 11 as fulcrum.
Here, in the preceding apparatus for work of the present invention, in order to tackle different execution conditions, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, except
Swing arm connection use boss 132,132 beyond, on the length direction of two coxostermums of swing arm 11 than swing arm connection boss
132nd, 132 forward position, in a manner of the action without prejudice to dipper hydraulic cylinder 14 and scraper bowl 15, separately it is provided with for swing arm 11
A pair of front plates 116,116 are from the swing arm connection that sandwich is installed with boss 133,133 (only showing one side).Connect in the swing arm
Connect and use on boss 133,133 similarly formed be hinged pin-and-hole 135,135.
Next, illustrate the action effect of the preceding apparatus for work and excavating gear of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 2 under the 1st work pattern, by pin by the pin of a pair of front plates 116,116 of the front end of swing arm 11
The connection of the swing arm of hole and dipper is be hinged with the pin-and-hole 134,134 of boss 132,132, thus, dipper 13, swing arm 11, dipper hydraulic pressure
Cylinder 14 is formed as the supporting structure of obtuse triangle.Now, (a) such as Fig. 2, (b) are shown, with stretching for dipper hydraulic cylinder 14
Contracting, dipper 13 can be swung in large-scale angle along the longitudinal direction using its pin joint with the front end of swing arm 11 as fulcrum.
, will be dynamic in the case where not changing dipper hydraulic cylinder 14 when execution conditions change and need bigger digging force
The pin-and-hole of a pair of front plates 116,116 of arm 11 is connected with the swing arm of dipper 13 to be cut with scissors with the pin-and-hole 135,135 of boss 133,133
Connect, and turn into the 2nd work pattern.Now, as shown in figure 3, dipper 13, swing arm 11, dipper hydraulic cylinder 14 are formed as new triangle
The supporting structure of shape, but compared with the 1st work pattern, the angle at angle corresponding with the side that swing arm 11 is formed reduces, thus, such as
Shown in Fig. 3 (a), (b), the release angle that dipper hydraulic cylinder 14 shorten to the dipper 13 in the state of minimum reduces, and struggles against
The elongation of bar hydraulic cylinder 14 also reduces for the withdrawal angle of the dipper 13 in the state of maximum, i.e. with stretching for dipper hydraulic cylinder 14
Contracting, dipper 13 can be using its pin joints with the front end of swing arm 11 as fulcrum, the swing under than the 1st work pattern along the longitudinal direction
Swung in the small angular range of scope.But due to swing arm connection with boss 133,133 than swing arm connection boss 132,132
It is forward, in the case where the front end of swing arm 11 being connected with swing arm with the connection of boss 133,133, the increase of power brachium, resistance arm
It is long to reduce, in the case where the power that dipper hydraulic cylinder is provided is constant, according to equalising torque formula " power brachium * power=
Resistance brachium * resistances " are understood, can increase the digging force (excavating resistance) of preceding apparatus for work.
Therefore, it is possible to the link position of the front end and dipper 13 that change swing arm 11 to tackle different execution conditions,
So as to obtain the desired job area of operator or digging force.
It follows that according to the embodiment of the present invention, the front end of swing arm 11 according to the execution conditions of reality, can be changed
With the link position of dipper 13, thus come the job area and digging force of apparatus for work 4 before changing, and in the past to preceding apparatus for work
Situation about globally or locally being changed is compared, and replacement operation can be avoided to become numerous and diverse and can reduce cost.Moreover, by
The connected mode of common swing arm clam(shell) bucket bar is used in the connected mode in swing arm 11 and dipper 13, swing arm front end is jag shape
Structure, therefore only need the diverse location on the length direction of two coxostermums of dipper to be separately symmetrically arranged for swing arm
The swing arm connection boss with pin-and-hole of front plate installation.Change to existing dipper is smaller.
Applicable the preferred embodiment of the present invention is explained above, but the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned embodiment, can also
Carry out various modifications.For example, illustrate to be provided with two swing arm connections for the installation of swing arm front end on dipper in embodiments
With boss, but its quantity can also be two or more, as long as the action without prejudice to dipper hydraulic cylinder and scraper bowl.It is in addition, right
The connected mode of common swing arm clam(shell) bucket bar is employed in the connected mode of swing arm and dipper, but dipper folder can also be used dynamic
The connected mode of arm.It should be appreciated that to those skilled in the art, technical scope of the invention should be by claim
Book determines, but also being had altered in the implication and its scope that should include mutually being equal with the contents of claims.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of preceding apparatus for work, is mounted in the upper rotating body of excavator, there is swing arm, dipper, scraper bowl and drive respectively
The swing arm, dipper, the boom cylinder of scraper bowl, dipper hydraulic cylinder, bucket hydraulic cylinder, the spy of the preceding apparatus for work of the excavator
Sign is, is provided with the rear end of the dipper hydraulic cylinder in hinged way on the upper flange of the middle part of the swing arm,
The end of the dipper is provided with the front end of the dipper hydraulic cylinder in hinged way, in the length of two coxostermums of the dipper
Diverse location on direction is asymmetrically formed the swing arm connection pin-and-hole that the multipair front end for the swing arm is installed, will using pin
The front end of the swing arm is connected with the multipair swing arm with a pair of connections of certain in pin-and-hole in hinged way.
2. apparatus for work before as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The multipair swing arm connection is extended through to be formed with pin-and-hole is symmetrically being located at the more of two coxostermum bottoms of the dipper
To swing arm with connecting on boss, in the front end of the swing arm formed with a pair of the front plates abreast forward extended out, described one
To being respectively formed with pin-and-hole on front plate, the pair of front plate of the swing arm is being connected from the multipair swing arm of sandwich
In the state of certain a pair in boss, the pin-and-hole of the front plate is connected with the swing arm of the dipper using pin and cut with scissors with pin-and-hole
Connect.
3. apparatus for work before as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that
The quantity of the swing arm connection boss is two pairs.
4. a kind of excavator, it is characterised in that there is the preceding apparatus for work described in any one of claims 1 to 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610842304.1A CN107859079A (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2016-09-22 | Preceding apparatus for work and excavator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610842304.1A CN107859079A (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2016-09-22 | Preceding apparatus for work and excavator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107859079A true CN107859079A (en) | 2018-03-30 |
Family
ID=61698919
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610842304.1A Withdrawn CN107859079A (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2016-09-22 | Preceding apparatus for work and excavator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107859079A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115094966A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-23 | 徐州徐工挖掘机械有限公司 | Detachable bucket rod, excavator and using method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203296090U (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-11-20 | 成都凯隆机械维修有限公司 | Large arm and small arm structure of excavator |
| CN104114772A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2014-10-22 | 日立建机株式会社 | Construction machine arm |
| CN104416261A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2015-03-18 | Jc班福德挖掘机有限公司 | Welding assembly and method for manufacturing same |
| CN105113557A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-12-02 | 力士德工程机械股份有限公司 | Double-rocker lengthened working device for hydraulic excavator |
| CN105484303A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-04-13 | 嵊州市意海电机配件厂 | Multifunctional excavator |
-
2016
- 2016-09-22 CN CN201610842304.1A patent/CN107859079A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104114772A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2014-10-22 | 日立建机株式会社 | Construction machine arm |
| CN203296090U (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-11-20 | 成都凯隆机械维修有限公司 | Large arm and small arm structure of excavator |
| CN104416261A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2015-03-18 | Jc班福德挖掘机有限公司 | Welding assembly and method for manufacturing same |
| CN105113557A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-12-02 | 力士德工程机械股份有限公司 | Double-rocker lengthened working device for hydraulic excavator |
| CN105484303A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-04-13 | 嵊州市意海电机配件厂 | Multifunctional excavator |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115094966A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-23 | 徐州徐工挖掘机械有限公司 | Detachable bucket rod, excavator and using method |
| CN115094966B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2024-04-16 | 徐州徐工挖掘机械有限公司 | Detachable bucket rod, excavator and use method |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20180330 |
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |