CN107198023A - The artificial milk for porkets and liquid diet of a kind of antibiotic-free - Google Patents
The artificial milk for porkets and liquid diet of a kind of antibiotic-free Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107198023A CN107198023A CN201710440551.3A CN201710440551A CN107198023A CN 107198023 A CN107198023 A CN 107198023A CN 201710440551 A CN201710440551 A CN 201710440551A CN 107198023 A CN107198023 A CN 107198023A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- antibiotic
- porkets
- vitamin
- milk
- free
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于饲料技术领域,具体涉及一种无抗生素的乳猪人工乳和液态饲粮。The invention belongs to the technical field of feed, in particular to artificial milk and liquid diet for suckling pigs without antibiotics.
背景技术Background technique
母猪饲养者常会遇到母猪产仔过多、母猪产后死亡、母猪有咬(吃)仔癖、母猪产后无乳或泌乳不足、母猪产后患严重疫病不宜哺乳等情况,此时就要配制人工乳来养育这些“孤儿猪”,否则“孤儿猪”就有可能饿死或引起生长发育障碍,造成不必要的经济损失。有些猪场为推广超早期断奶(7日龄),需配制人工乳伺喂仔猪才能使其正常生长发育,提高成活率和育成率。人工乳多是用脱脂乳、酪乳和植物性伺料,再加上动物脂肪、碳水化合物、维生素、无机盐、抗生素和其他仔猪正常生长发育必需的成分配制而成的。新生仔猪抗病力的高低直接影响到仔猪的成活率、育成率及其生长发育速度。如果人工乳配制不合理会导致仔猪生长迟缓,采食量下降,腹泻等问题的产生。目前,生产中通常采用在饲料中添加亚治疗剂量抗生素生长促进剂来保证仔猪的正常生长和抵抗病原微生物。然而,使用抗生素产生的许多负面问题引起了世界范围的关注,如诱使多重耐药菌株的出现等。Sow breeders often encounter situations such as too many litters of sows, death of sows after delivery, habit of biting (eating) piglets, anemia or insufficient lactation of sows after delivery, and serious diseases of sows after delivery that are not suitable for breastfeeding. It is necessary to prepare artificial milk to raise these "orphan pigs", otherwise the "orphan pigs" may starve to death or cause growth and development disorders, resulting in unnecessary economic losses. In order to promote ultra-early weaning (7 days old), some pig farms need to prepare artificial milk to feed piglets to make them grow normally and improve the survival rate and breeding rate. Artificial milk is mostly made of skimmed milk, buttermilk and vegetable feed, plus animal fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, inorganic salts, antibiotics and other ingredients necessary for the normal growth and development of piglets. The level of disease resistance of newborn piglets directly affects the survival rate, breeding rate and growth rate of piglets. If the artificial milk preparation is unreasonable, it will lead to growth retardation, decreased feed intake, diarrhea and other problems in piglets. At present, sub-therapeutic doses of antibiotic growth promoters are usually added to feed to ensure the normal growth of piglets and resistance to pathogenic microorganisms. However, many negative problems caused by the use of antibiotics have attracted worldwide attention, such as inducing the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains and so on.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种无抗生素的乳猪人工乳,该人工乳添加有益长素,不加抗生素,可有效代替母乳,并可改善由于母猪产后无乳或泌乳不足、母猪产后患严重疫病不宜哺乳等情况导致的仔猪生长受阻。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sucking pig artificial milk without antibiotics, which can effectively replace breast milk without antibiotics and can effectively replace breast milk, and can improve postpartum agalactia or insufficient lactation of sows. The growth of piglets is hindered due to severe epidemic diseases after pigs are not suitable for breastfeeding.
本发明所要解决的技术问题还在于提供一种无抗生素的乳猪液态饲粮,其能够保证仔猪乳猪的采食量和日增重,保证猪苗的正常生长。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is also to provide a liquid ration for suckling pigs without antibiotics, which can ensure the feed intake and daily gain of piglets and the normal growth of piglets.
本发明的第一个技术问题是通过如下技术方案来实现的:一种无抗生素的乳猪人工乳,每千克所述乳猪人工乳包括以下用量的组分:The first technical problem of the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: a kind of suckling pig artificial milk without antibiotics, and each kilogram of described suckling pig artificial milk comprises the components of following consumption:
全脂奶粉 400~600gWhole milk powder 400~600g
乳清浓缩蛋白 100~300gWhey protein concentrate 100~300g
乳清粉 70~150gWhey powder 70~150g
乳糖 70~150gLactose 70~150g
鱼粉 30~80gFish meal 30~80g
椰子油 1~30gCoconut oil 1~30g
赖氨酸盐酸盐 0.8~1.5gLysine hydrochloride 0.8~1.5g
精氨酸盐酸盐 3~10gArginine hydrochloride 3~10g
DL-蛋氨酸 0.5~1.2gDL-methionine 0.5~1.2g
色氨酸 0.3~0.7gTryptophan 0.3~0.7g
复合维生素和微量元素预混料 1~5gMultivitamin and trace element premix 1~5g
益长素 1~5g。Yichangsu 1~5g.
优选的,每千克所述乳猪人工乳包括以下用量的组分:Preferably, every kilogram of described suckling pig artificial milk comprises the component of following consumption:
全脂奶粉 450~550gWhole milk powder 450~550g
乳清浓缩蛋白 150~250gWhey protein concentrate 150~250g
乳清粉 80~120gWhey powder 80~120g
乳糖 90~120gLactose 90~120g
鱼粉 40~70gFish meal 40~70g
椰子油 5~20gCoconut oil 5~20g
赖氨酸盐酸盐 0.9~1.3gLysine hydrochloride 0.9~1.3g
精氨酸盐酸盐 3~8gArginine hydrochloride 3~8g
DL-蛋氨酸 0.5~1.0gDL-methionine 0.5~1.0g
色氨酸 0.3~0.5gTryptophan 0.3~0.5g
复合维生素和微量元素预混料 3~5gMultivitamin and trace element premix 3~5g
益长素 3~5g。Yichangsu 3~5g.
更佳的,每千克所述乳猪人工乳包括以下用量的组分:More preferably, every kilogram of described suckling pig artificial milk comprises the component of following consumption:
全脂奶粉 540gWhole milk powder 540g
乳清浓缩蛋白 196.7gWhey Protein Concentrate 196.7g
乳清粉 90gWhey powder 90g
乳糖 100g、Lactose 100g,
鱼粉 50g、Fish meal 50g,
椰子油 10g、Coconut oil 10g,
赖氨酸盐酸盐 1.2gLysine hydrochloride 1.2g
精氨酸盐酸盐 4gArginine HCl 4g
DL-蛋氨酸 0.7gDL-Methionine 0.7g
色氨酸 0.4gTryptophan 0.4g
复合维生素和微量元素预混料 3gMultivitamin and trace element premix 3g
益长素 4g。Yichangsu 4g.
本发明中的无抗生素的乳猪人工乳配方的营养水平充分考虑了仔猪的营养需要,进行了各原料的合理搭配。并参考了中国猪饲养标准2004版和美国猪营养需要2012版3~8kg仔猪阶段的营养需要。通过最该更佳的配方得到的人工乳配方中粗蛋白:24%,消化能:19.5MJ/kg,粗脂肪:12%,钙:1.34%,有效磷:0.73%,赖氨酸:2.25%,蛋氨酸+胱氨酸:0.98%,能够完全满足哺乳仔猪的营养需要。The nutritional level of the artificial milk formula for suckling pigs without antibiotics in the present invention fully considers the nutritional needs of piglets, and the rational collocation of various raw materials is carried out. And refer to the 2004 version of the Chinese pig feeding standard and the 2012 version of the American pig nutritional requirements for the nutritional needs of 3-8kg piglets. Crude protein: 24%, digestible energy: 19.5MJ/kg, crude fat: 12%, calcium: 1.34%, available phosphorus: 0.73%, lysine: 2.25% in artificial milk formula obtained through the most optimal formula , Methionine + cystine: 0.98%, can fully meet the nutritional needs of suckling piglets.
在该乳猪人工乳的各组分中:Among the components of the suckling pig artificial milk:
全脂奶粉:是用纯牛乳生产的,含有牛奶中的优质蛋白质、脂肪、多种维生素以及钙、磷、铁等矿物质,基本保持了乳中的原有营养成分,其中蛋白质不低于24%,脂肪不低于20%,乳糖不低于37%。营养全面,适口性好,消化率高能够保证仔猪健康生长。Whole milk powder: It is produced with pure cow's milk, contains high-quality protein, fat, multivitamins, calcium, phosphorus, iron and other minerals in milk, basically maintains the original nutrients in milk, and the protein is not less than 24 %, fat not less than 20%, lactose not less than 37%. Comprehensive nutrition, good palatability and high digestibility can ensure the healthy growth of piglets.
乳清浓缩蛋白:乳清浓缩蛋白是由牛乳清经喷雾干燥生产的粉状物,含有蛋白质、多种必需氨基酸、乳糖、矿物质元素和少量脂肪,并富含多种维生素和高比例免疫球蛋白、抑蛋白,如溶菌酶、乳铁蛋白、生长因子、核苷酸、激素、细胞因子等,蛋白质含量为34%~80%,具有良好的适口性与可消化性,比其他任何蛋白质都易于消化。同时乳清浓缩蛋白具有抗病毒和提高机体免疫功能的作用。非常适合在乳猪料中应用。Whey protein concentrate: Whey protein concentrate is a powder produced by spray-drying bovine whey, which contains protein, various essential amino acids, lactose, mineral elements and a small amount of fat, and is rich in various vitamins and a high proportion of immune cells Protein, protinin, such as lysozyme, lactoferrin, growth factors, nucleotides, hormones, cytokines, etc., the protein content is 34% to 80%, with good palatability and digestibility, more than any other protein Easy to digest. At the same time, whey protein concentrate has the functions of anti-virus and improving the immune function of the body. Very suitable for application in suckling pig feed.
乳清粉:乳清粉是利用制造干酪或干酪素的副产品乳清为原料干燥制成的。一般含有65%~75%乳糖和大约12%粗蛋白,乳清粉能提供大量的乳糖,在仔猪消化道内发酵可产生大量的乳酸,降低pH值,帮助乳的消化,抑制致病细菌的生长,这对仔猪健康有主要意义;乳清粉中含有的高质量乳清蛋白在小猪体内有高消化率、良好的氨基酸型态、无抗营养因子的优点,适合乳猪使用。Whey powder: Whey powder is made by drying whey, a by-product of making cheese or casein. It generally contains 65% to 75% lactose and about 12% crude protein. Whey powder can provide a large amount of lactose, which can produce a large amount of lactic acid when fermented in the digestive tract of piglets, lowers the pH value, helps the digestion of milk, and inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria. , which is of great significance to the health of piglets; the high-quality whey protein contained in whey powder has the advantages of high digestibility, good amino acid profile, and no anti-nutritional factors in piglets, and is suitable for sucking pigs.
鱼粉:鱼粉是优质的动物蛋白原料,其氨基酸含量丰富且平衡,钙磷以及微量元素含量。有很多研究报道鱼粉中含有未知促生长因子,其准确成分还没有提纯,故未定名,但其促生长作用是公认的,也是肯定的。Fishmeal: Fishmeal is a high-quality animal protein raw material, which is rich and balanced in amino acids, calcium, phosphorus and trace elements. Many studies have reported that fishmeal contains unknown growth-promoting factors, and its exact components have not been purified, so it has not been named, but its growth-promoting effect is recognized and affirmative.
椰子油:椰子油含有高比例的中链脂肪酸,中链脂肪分子比其他长链脂肪分子小,易被消化吸收,中链脂肪酸具有天然的综合抗菌能力,当摄取中链三酸甘油酯时,它在体内转化为单酸甘油酯和中链脂肪酸,这两样物质拥有强力抗菌能力,能杀死引起疾病的细菌、真菌、病毒和寄生虫。能防止仔猪感染大肠杆菌。Coconut oil: Coconut oil contains a high proportion of medium-chain fatty acids. Medium-chain fat molecules are smaller than other long-chain fat molecules and are easily digested and absorbed. Medium-chain fatty acids have natural comprehensive antibacterial capabilities. When ingesting medium-chain triglycerides, It is converted in the body to monoglycerides and medium-chain fatty acids, which have powerful antibacterial properties that kill disease-causing bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites. It can prevent piglets from being infected with E. coli.
赖氨酸盐酸盐:是必需氨基酸,而且是猪的第一限制性氨基酸。饲料中缺乏赖氨酸严重影响仔猪的生长性能、胴体品质、免疫功能、血清学参数、营养物质消化率。Lysine hydrochloride: It is an essential amino acid and the first limiting amino acid for pigs. The lack of lysine in the feed seriously affects the growth performance, carcass quality, immune function, serological parameters, and nutrient digestibility of piglets.
精氨酸盐酸盐:有研究报道在幼年仔猪饲粮中添加精氨酸可显著改善仔猪的肠道屏障功能,提高生产性能。其他研究也表明精氨酸可显著改善仔猪肠道形态。Arginine hydrochloride: It has been reported that adding arginine to the diet of young piglets can significantly improve the intestinal barrier function of piglets and improve production performance. Other studies have also shown that arginine can significantly improve intestinal morphology in piglets.
所述的益长素主要成分为大豆异黄酮。添加大豆异黄酮可以保持仔猪十二指肠粘膜的完整性,显著提高绒毛高度,降低隐窝深度。提高肠道粘膜细胞抗氧化功能和免疫功能。The main component of the beneficial long element is soybean isoflavone. Adding soybean isoflavones can maintain the integrity of duodenal mucosa of piglets, significantly increase the height of villi and reduce the depth of crypts. Improve the antioxidant function and immune function of intestinal mucosal cells.
本发明的第二个技术问题是通过如下技术方案来实现的:一种无抗生素的乳猪液态饲粮,包括上述乳猪人工乳,以及液态氯化胆碱、乳酸杆菌和水。The second technical problem of the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: a liquid ration for suckling pigs without antibiotics, comprising the above-mentioned artificial milk for suckling pigs, liquid choline chloride, lactobacillus and water.
优选的,所述水为温开水,所述温开水的温度为45~55℃,所述乳猪人工乳和所述温开水的质量份配比为1:2~1:4。Preferably, the water is warm boiled water, the temperature of the warm boiled water is 45-55°C, and the mass ratio of the suckling pig artificial milk to the warm boiled water is 1:2-1:4.
优选的,所述液态氯化胆碱的添加量占乳猪液态饲粮总质量的0.02%~0.05%。Preferably, the added amount of the liquid choline chloride accounts for 0.02%-0.05% of the total mass of the liquid diet for suckling pigs.
优选的,所述乳酸杆菌的添加量为液态饲粮中乳酸杆菌浓度为1×107CFU/g,所述乳酸杆菌的菌种号为CGMCC1258。Preferably, the added amount of the lactobacillus is such that the concentration of the lactobacillus in the liquid diet is 1×10 7 CFU/g, and the strain number of the lactobacillus is CGMCC1258.
乳酸杆菌为植物乳酸杆菌,研究表明,植物乳杆菌对病原菌具有很好抑菌作用,且具有良好的耐酸耐胆盐和粘附肠上皮细胞的特性。动物试验表明,断奶仔猪口服植物乳杆菌可以减少肠道中有害菌的数量,显著改善肠道微生态及肠道健康。断奶仔猪口服植物乳杆菌Lq80后,肠道中原住乳杆菌的数量会显著增加,血液中促炎性细胞因子IL-8和TNF-α的水平显著降低,仔猪的抗病能力提高。Lactobacillus is Lactobacillus plantarum. Studies have shown that Lactobacillus plantarum has a good antibacterial effect on pathogenic bacteria, and has good acid and bile salt resistance and adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells. Animal experiments have shown that oral administration of Lactobacillus plantarum to weaned piglets can reduce the number of harmful bacteria in the intestines and significantly improve intestinal microecology and intestinal health. After oral administration of Lactobacillus plantarum Lq80 to weaned piglets, the number of native Lactobacillus in the intestine will increase significantly, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8 and TNF-α in the blood will significantly decrease, and the disease resistance of piglets will increase.
优选的,每千克液态饲粮中含有以下用量的复合维生素和微量元素:Preferably, the multivitamins and trace elements of the following dosages are contained in every kilogram of liquid ration:
维生素 A 10000IUVitamin A 10000IU
维生素 D3 1500IUVitamin D3 1500IU
维生素 E 50IUVitamin E 50IU
维生素 K3 2.5mgVitamin K3 2.5mg
维生素 B12 60μgVitamin B12 60μg
维生素 B1 4.5mgVitamin B1 4.5mg
维生素 B2 12mgVitamin B2 12mg
烟酸 60mgNiacin 60mg
泛酸 36mgPantothenic Acid 36mg
叶酸 1mgFolic acid 1mg
维生素 B6 10mgVitamin B6 10mg
生物素 500μgBiotin 500μg
维生素 C 200mgVitamin C 200mg
铁 100mgIron 100mg
铜 6mgCopper 6mg
锰 4mgManganese 4mg
锌 100mgZinc 100mg
碘 0.3mgIodine 0.3mg
硒 0.3mgSelenium 0.3mg
钴 0.14mg。Cobalt 0.14mg.
其中铁优选自FeSO4,铜优选自CuSO4,锰优选自MnSO4,锌优选自ZnSO4,硒优选自Na2SeO3,钴优选自CoSO4。Iron is preferably selected from FeSO 4 , copper is preferably selected from CuSO 4 , manganese is preferably selected from MnSO 4 , zinc is preferably selected from ZnSO 4 , selenium is preferably selected from Na 2 SeO 3 , and cobalt is preferably selected from CoSO 4 .
本发明具有以下优点:The present invention has the following advantages:
(1)本发明无抗生素的乳猪人工乳不添加任何抗生素,充分考虑了新生仔猪生长发育和免疫情况,采用易于仔猪消化的动物性饲料原料,适口性强,有益于仔猪消化吸收;(1) The antibiotic-free suckling pig artificial milk of the present invention does not add any antibiotics, fully considers the growth and development and immunity of newborn piglets, adopts animal feed materials that are easy for piglets to digest, has strong palatability, and is beneficial to piglets for digestion and absorption;
(2)本发明无抗生素的乳猪人工乳添加益生菌改善仔猪的肠道微生态,提高免疫,抑制腹泻,并添加抗氧化剂益长素,提高仔猪抗应激能力,改善生长性能;(2) Adding probiotics to the antibiotic-free sucking pig artificial milk of the present invention improves the intestinal microecology of piglets, improves immunity, suppresses diarrhea, and adds the antioxidant elongin to improve the anti-stress ability of piglets and improve growth performance;
(3)本发明无抗生素的乳猪人工乳在原料的处理和选择上充分考虑了新生仔猪的消化生理特点和营养需要,充分保证了饲料转化效率和适口性,能显著控制乳猪的腹泻,提高采食量和免疫力;(3) The antibiotic-free suckling pig artificial milk of the present invention fully considers the digestive physiological characteristics and nutritional needs of newborn piglets in the processing and selection of raw materials, fully ensures feed conversion efficiency and palatability, and can significantly control the diarrhea of suckling pigs, Improve feed intake and immunity;
(4)本发明无抗生素的乳猪液态饲粮不含有任何抗生素,是一种绿色、无污染、无药物残留的优质乳猪液态饲粮。(4) The antibiotic-free liquid diet for suckling pigs of the present invention does not contain any antibiotics, and is a high-quality liquid diet for suckling pigs that is green, pollution-free, and drug-free.
具体实施方式detailed description
本发明在下述各实施例中被给予了具体的说明。这些实施例都是说明性的,并不在任何方面限制本发明。本领域技术人员应该理解的是,在不偏离本发明的精神和范围下可以对本发明技术方案的细节和形式进行修改或替换,但这些修改和替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。The present invention is specifically illustrated in the following examples. These examples are illustrative and do not limit the invention in any way. Those skilled in the art should understand that the details and forms of the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these modifications and replacements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
本实施例提供的无抗生素的乳猪人工乳,每千克乳猪人工乳包括以下用量的组分:全脂奶粉540g、乳清浓缩蛋白196.7g、乳清粉90g、乳糖100g、鱼粉50g、椰子油10g、赖氨酸盐酸盐1.2g、精氨酸盐酸盐4g、DL-蛋氨酸0.7、色氨酸0.4g、复合维生素和微量元素预混料3g、益长素4g。The antibiotic-free sucking pig artificial milk provided by the present embodiment, every kilogram of sucking pig artificial milk includes the following components: whole milk powder 540g, whey protein concentrate 196.7g, whey powder 90g, lactose 100g, fish meal 50g, coconut Oil 10g, lysine hydrochloride 1.2g, arginine hydrochloride 4g, DL-methionine 0.7, tryptophan 0.4g, multivitamin and trace element premix 3g, elongin 4g.
制备过程如下:首先将赖氨酸盐酸盐、精氨酸盐酸盐、DL-蛋氨酸、色氨酸、复合维生素和微量元素预混料、益长素等用量少的原料在小的搅拌机中搅拌均匀。The preparation process is as follows: First, raw materials with small amounts such as lysine hydrochloride, arginine hydrochloride, DL-methionine, tryptophan, multivitamin and trace element premix, elongate, etc. are mixed in a small mixer Mix well.
然后将全脂奶粉、乳清浓缩蛋白、乳清粉、乳糖、鱼粉、椰子油和混好的上述原料一起放入大的搅拌机中混匀即得。Then put whole milk powder, whey protein concentrate, whey powder, lactose, fish meal, coconut oil and the above-mentioned raw materials mixed together into a large mixer and mix well to obtain.
饲喂当天配制成液态饲粮,该液态饲粮包括制得的乳猪人工乳,以及液态氯化胆碱、乳酸杆菌和温开水,其中温开水的温度为45~55℃,乳猪人工乳和所述温开水的质量份配比为1:3。On the day of feeding, prepare a liquid ration, which includes artificial milk for suckling pigs, liquid choline chloride, lactobacillus and warm boiled water. The mass ratio of the warm boiled water is 1:3.
液态氯化胆碱的添加量占乳猪液态饲粮总质量的0.03%。The added amount of liquid choline chloride accounted for 0.03% of the total mass of suckling pig liquid diet.
乳酸杆菌的添加量为液态饲粮中乳酸杆菌浓度为1×107CFU/g,所述乳酸杆菌的菌种号为CGMCC1258。The amount of Lactobacillus added is such that the concentration of Lactobacillus in the liquid diet is 1×10 7 CFU/g, and the strain number of the Lactobacillus is CGMCC1258.
该液态饲粮的制备方法为:使用45~55℃的开水按照料水比1:3兑成液态饲料,搅拌均匀,然后向液态饲料中添加液态氯化胆碱和乳酸杆菌。饲料中添加液态氯化胆碱的量比例为液态饲粮总质量的0.03%。添加的乳酸杆菌使液态饲粮中乳酸杆菌浓度达到1×107CFU/g。每天饲喂5~7次。The preparation method of the liquid ration is as follows: using boiled water at 45-55° C. to make a liquid feed according to a material-to-water ratio of 1:3, stirring evenly, and then adding liquid choline chloride and lactobacillus to the liquid feed. The proportion of liquid choline chloride added in the feed is 0.03% of the total mass of the liquid diet. The added Lactobacillus made the concentration of Lactobacillus in the liquid diet reach 1×10 7 CFU/g. Feed 5-7 times a day.
其中每千克液态饲粮中含有以下用量的复合维生素和微量元素:维生素A10000IU、维生素D3 1500IU、维生素E 50IU、维生素K3 2.5mg、维生素B12 60μg、维生素B14.5mg、维生素B2 12mg、烟酸60mg、泛酸36mg、叶酸1mg、维生素B6 10mg、生物素500μg、维生素C 200mg、铁100mg、铜6mg、锰4mg、锌100mg、碘0.3mg、硒0.3mg、钴0.14mg。Among them, each kilogram of liquid diet contains the following dosages of multivitamins and trace elements: vitamin A10000IU, vitamin D3 1500IU, vitamin E 50IU, vitamin K3 2.5mg, vitamin B12 60μg, vitamin B14.5mg, vitamin B2 12mg, niacin 60mg, Pantothenic acid 36mg, folic acid 1mg, vitamin B6 10mg, biotin 500μg, vitamin C 200mg, iron 100mg, copper 6mg, manganese 4mg, zinc 100mg, iodine 0.3mg, selenium 0.3mg, cobalt 0.14mg.
其中铁选自FeSO4·H2O,铜选自CuSO4·5H2O,锰选自MnSO4·H2O,锌选自ZnSO4·H2O,硒选自Na2SeO3,钴选自CoSO4·7H2O。Among them, iron is selected from FeSO 4 ·H 2 O, copper is selected from CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O, manganese is selected from MnSO 4 ·H 2 O, zinc is selected from ZnSO 4 ·H 2 O, selenium is selected from Na 2 SeO 3 , cobalt selected from CoSO 4 .7H 2 O.
试验材料与方法:从母猪胎次一致、产期相同的7窝中选取体重相近、健康状况良好的4日龄杜×长×大三元杂公猪24头(初始重为2.41±0.01kg),每3头猪放于一个猪笼。以本发明配方饲喂17天,试验期间仔猪自由饮水,定时供料。同时保持猪舍的环境卫生,并强化保温措施,每日记录仔猪腹泻情况和采食量。Experimental materials and methods: 24 4-day-old Du×Chang×Da Sanyuan boars with similar body weight and good health were selected from 7 litters of sows with the same parity and the same farrowing period (the initial weight was 2.41±0.01kg ), and put every 3 pigs in a cage. Feed with the formula of the present invention for 17 days, and the piglets drink water freely during the test period, and feed regularly. At the same time, maintain the environmental sanitation of the pig house, and strengthen the heat preservation measures, and record the diarrhea and feed intake of the piglets every day.
日增重:试验期内每一头仔猪每天增加的重量Daily weight gain: the daily weight gain of each piglet during the test period
日采食量:试验期内每一头仔猪每天所采食饲料的重量Daily feed intake: the weight of feed consumed by each piglet per day during the test period
料重比:日采食量和日增重之比Feed-to-weight ratio: the ratio of daily feed intake to daily gain
腹泻频率=∑(仔猪腹泻天数×腹泻仔猪头数)/(试验仔猪总头数×正试期天数)×100%。Diarrhea frequency = Σ(days of piglets with diarrhea×number of piglets with diarrhea)/(total number of piglets in the test×number of days in the main trial period)×100%.
表1试验期间仔猪生产性能Table 1 Production performance of piglets during the test period
表1中的结果表明:根据经验正常哺乳仔猪21日龄断奶时体重为6.0~6.5kg,仔猪的日增重为220~260g。而采用本实施例含有人工乳的液态饲粮饲养的仔猪,在第21日龄是仔猪的平均体重达到6.92千克,平均日增重达到270克。同时饲喂本人工乳仔猪的腹泻率也相对较低。说明本发明中的含有人工乳的液态饲粮可有效代替母猪母乳饲养,以解决生长中母猪产仔过多,母乳不足的情况。The results in Table 1 show that: according to experience, normal suckling piglets weigh 6.0-6.5 kg when weaned at the age of 21 days, and the daily gain of piglets is 220-260 g. And the piglets fed with the liquid diet containing artificial milk in this embodiment had an average body weight of 6.92 kg and an average daily gain of 270 grams at the age of 21 days. The diarrhea rate of feeding this artificial suckling piglet is also relatively low simultaneously. It shows that the liquid diet containing artificial milk in the present invention can effectively replace sows' milk feeding, so as to solve the problem of too many litters and insufficient breast milk in growing sows.
实施例2Example 2
与实施例1不同的是,每千克乳猪人工乳中含全脂奶粉490g、乳清浓缩蛋白220g、乳清粉70g、乳糖150g、鱼粉40g、椰子油17g、赖氨酸盐酸盐1.5g、精氨酸盐酸盐3.3g、DL-蛋氨酸0.7g、色氨酸0.5g、复合维生素和微量元素预混料3g、益长素4g。The difference from Example 1 is that each kilogram of suckling pig artificial milk contains 490g of whole milk powder, 220g of whey protein concentrate, 70g of whey powder, 150g of lactose, 40g of fish meal, 17g of coconut oil, and 1.5g of lysine hydrochloride , Arginine hydrochloride 3.3g, DL-methionine 0.7g, tryptophan 0.5g, multivitamin and trace element premix 3g, Yichangsu 4g.
本实施例提供的液态饲粮,包括本实施例中制得的乳猪人工乳,以及液态氯化胆碱、乳酸杆菌和温开水,其中液态氯化胆碱、乳酸杆菌和温开水以及该液态饲粮的制备方法同实施例1。The liquid diet provided by this embodiment includes the suckling pig artificial milk prepared in this embodiment, and liquid choline chloride, lactobacillus and warm boiled water, wherein the liquid choline chloride, lactobacillus and warm boiled water and the liquid state The preparation method of the diet is the same as in Example 1.
实施例3Example 3
与实施例1不同的是,每千克乳猪人工乳中含全脂奶粉577g、乳清浓缩蛋白170g、乳清粉87g、乳糖110g、鱼粉30g、椰子油13g、赖氨酸盐酸盐1.3g、精氨酸盐酸盐4.65g、DL-蛋氨酸0.65、色氨酸0.4g、复合维生素和微量元素预混料3g、益长素3g。The difference from Example 1 is that every kilogram of suckling pig artificial milk contains 577g of whole milk powder, 170g of whey protein concentrate, 87g of whey powder, 110g of lactose, 30g of fish meal, 13g of coconut oil, and 1.3g of lysine hydrochloride , Arginine hydrochloride 4.65g, DL-methionine 0.65, tryptophan 0.4g, multivitamin and trace element premix 3g, Yichangsu 3g.
本实施例提供的液态饲粮,包括本实施例中制得的乳猪人工乳,以及液态氯化胆碱、乳酸杆菌和温开水,其中液态氯化胆碱、乳酸杆菌和温开水以及该液态饲粮的制备方法同实施例1。The liquid diet provided by this embodiment includes the suckling pig artificial milk prepared in this embodiment, and liquid choline chloride, lactobacillus and warm boiled water, wherein the liquid choline chloride, lactobacillus and warm boiled water and the liquid state The preparation method of the diet is the same as in Example 1.
实施例4Example 4
与实施例1不同的是,每千克乳猪人工乳中含全脂奶粉520g、乳清浓缩蛋白174g、乳清粉110g、乳糖120g、鱼粉47g、椰子油15g、赖氨酸盐酸盐1.4g、精氨酸盐酸盐3.9g、DL-蛋氨酸0.79、色氨酸0.41g、复合维生素和微量元素预混料3g、益长素4.5g。The difference from Example 1 is that every kilogram of suckling pig artificial milk contains 520g of whole milk powder, 174g of whey protein concentrate, 110g of whey powder, 120g of lactose, 47g of fish meal, 15g of coconut oil, and 1.4g of lysine hydrochloride , Arginine hydrochloride 3.9g, DL-methionine 0.79, tryptophan 0.41g, multivitamin and trace element premix 3g, Yichangsu 4.5g.
本实施例提供的液态饲粮,包括本实施例中制得的乳猪人工乳,以及液态氯化胆碱、乳酸杆菌和温开水,其中液态氯化胆碱、乳酸杆菌和温开水以及该液态饲粮的制备方法同实施例1。The liquid diet provided by this embodiment includes the suckling pig artificial milk prepared in this embodiment, and liquid choline chloride, lactobacillus and warm boiled water, wherein the liquid choline chloride, lactobacillus and warm boiled water and the liquid state The preparation method of the diet is the same as in Example 1.
实施例5Example 5
与实施例1不同的是,每千克乳猪人工乳中含全脂奶粉600、乳清浓缩蛋白155g、乳清粉77g、乳糖87g、鱼粉45g、椰子油20g、赖氨酸盐酸盐1.2g、精氨酸盐酸盐5.5g、DL-蛋氨酸0.79、色氨酸0.51g、复合维生素和微量元素预混料3g、益长素5g。The difference from Example 1 is that each kilogram of suckling pig artificial milk contains 600 g of whole milk powder, 155 g of whey protein concentrate, 77 g of whey powder, 87 g of lactose, 45 g of fish meal, 20 g of coconut oil, and 1.2 g of lysine hydrochloride , Arginine hydrochloride 5.5g, DL-methionine 0.79, tryptophan 0.51g, multivitamin and trace element premix 3g, Yichangsu 5g.
本实施例提供的液态饲粮,包括本实施例中制得的乳猪人工乳,以及液态氯化胆碱、乳酸杆菌和温开水,其中液态氯化胆碱、乳酸杆菌和温开水以及该液态饲粮的制备方法同实施例1。The liquid diet provided by this embodiment includes the suckling pig artificial milk prepared in this embodiment, and liquid choline chloride, lactobacillus and warm boiled water, wherein the liquid choline chloride, lactobacillus and warm boiled water and the liquid state The preparation method of the diet is the same as in Example 1.
实施例6Example 6
与实施例1不同的是,每千克乳猪人工乳中含全脂奶粉564g、乳清浓缩蛋白181.5g、乳清粉80g、乳糖110g、鱼粉36g、椰子油16g、赖氨酸盐酸盐1.15g、精氨酸盐酸盐3.8g、DL-蛋氨酸0.65、色氨酸0.40g、复合维生素和微量元素预混料3g、益长素3.5g。The difference from Example 1 is that every kilogram of suckling pig artificial milk contains 564g of whole milk powder, 181.5g of whey protein concentrate, 80g of whey powder, 110g of lactose, 36g of fish meal, 16g of coconut oil, and 1.15g of lysine hydrochloride. g. Arginine hydrochloride 3.8g, DL-methionine 0.65, tryptophan 0.40g, multivitamin and trace element premix 3g, Yichangsu 3.5g.
本实施例提供的液态饲粮,包括本实施例中制得的乳猪人工乳,以及液态氯化胆碱、乳酸杆菌和温开水,其中液态氯化胆碱、乳酸杆菌和温开水以及该液态饲粮的制备方法同实施例1。The liquid diet provided by this embodiment includes the suckling pig artificial milk prepared in this embodiment, and liquid choline chloride, lactobacillus and warm boiled water, wherein the liquid choline chloride, lactobacillus and warm boiled water and the liquid state The preparation method of the diet is the same as in Example 1.
上述实施例2-6制得的产品,与实施例1做相同实验过程的进行比对,均可获得与实施例1近似的试验结果,在此不一一赘述。各实施例中每个组分原料均可以市售获得。The products obtained in the above-mentioned Examples 2-6 are compared with those of Example 1 in the same experimental process, and the test results similar to those of Example 1 can be obtained, so details will not be repeated here. The raw materials for each component in each example are commercially available.
其中复合维生素和微量元素预混料也可通过以下组分来混合制得。每千克维生素和微量元素预混料包括:Among them, the multivitamin and trace element premix can also be prepared by mixing the following components. Each kg of vitamin and trace element premix contains:
硫酸铁:111.00克;硫酸铜:8.00克;硫酸锌:98.00克;硫酸锰:4.50克;亚硒酸钠:0.23克;碘酸钙:0.08克;维生素A:6.67克;维生素D3:1.00克;维生素E:33.33克;维生素K:1.60克;硫胺素(维生素B1):1.52克;核黄素(维生素B2):4.17克;维生素B6:3.38克;尼克酸B3:20.10克;泛酸钙:12.24克;生物素B7:8.33克;维生素B12:2.00克;叶酸:0.34克;载体:683.51克。Iron sulfate: 111.00g; Copper sulfate: 8.00g; Zinc sulfate: 98.00g; Manganese sulfate: 4.50g; Sodium selenite: 0.23g; Calcium iodate: 0.08g; Vitamin A: 6.67g; Vitamin D3: 1.00g Vitamin E: 33.33g; Vitamin K: 1.60g; Thiamine (Vitamin B1): 1.52g; Riboflavin (Vitamin B2): 4.17g; Vitamin B6: 3.38g; Niacin B3: 20.10g; : 12.24g; Biotin B7: 8.33g; Vitamin B12: 2.00g; Folic Acid: 0.34g; Carrier: 683.51g.
预混料采用逐级混匀的方式配制,The premix is prepared by step-by-step mixing.
1)配制多维预混料,先将用量小的维生素叶酸、维生素、硫胺素(维生素B1)、维生素K与少量载体混匀,然后逐次加入维生素B12、维生素B6、核黄素(维生素B2)、维生素A、生物素B7、泛酸钙、尼克酸B3、维生素E;1) To prepare a multidimensional premix, first mix small amounts of vitamin folic acid, vitamins, thiamine (vitamin B1), and vitamin K with a small amount of carrier, and then add vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and riboflavin (vitamin B2) one by one , vitamin A, biotin B7, calcium pantothenate, niacin B3, vitamin E;
2)配制多矿预混料,先将亚硒酸钠和碘酸钙与少量载体混合均匀,然后加入硫酸铜和硫酸锰继续混合,依次加入硫酸锌、硫酸铁。每次加入均混匀。2) To prepare multi-mineral premix, first mix sodium selenite and calcium iodate with a small amount of carrier evenly, then add copper sulfate and manganese sulfate to continue mixing, and then add zinc sulfate and iron sulfate in turn. Mix well after each addition.
3)将剩余载体和上述1)、2)的预混料加入小型混合机搅拌10分钟。3) Add the remaining carrier and the above 1) and 2) premix into a small mixer and stir for 10 minutes.
4)载体为沸石粉和次粉其中一种或两种的任意组合。4) The carrier is one or any combination of zeolite powder and secondary powder.
以上实施例仅用于阐述本发明,而本发明的保护范围并非仅仅局限于以上实施例。所述技术领域的普通技术人员依据以上本发明公开的内容和各参数所取范围,均可实现本发明的目的。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the technical field can realize the object of the present invention according to the content disclosed in the present invention and the ranges of each parameter.
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