CN106945497A - A kind of bi-motor Two-mode Coupling drive system of electric motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a dual-motor dual-mode coupled electric vehicle drive system, comprising: a first motor, a second motor, a first clutch, a second clutch, a third clutch, a first lock, a second lock and a single The planetary gear mechanism; also includes the actuator control unit and the sensing signal acquisition unit connected to the actuator control unit, the torque signal calculation and processing unit, the vehicle state signal acquisition unit and the driving mechanism; the actuator control unit passes the sensing signal The acquisition unit, the torque signal calculation and processing unit and the vehicle state signal acquisition unit perform identification, mode switching and power distribution on the current operating mode of the electric vehicle, and respectively drive the first motor, the second motor, the first clutch, the second motor through the driving mechanism. The clutch, the third clutch, the first locking device and the second locking device drive the transmission shaft through the single-row planetary gear structure, and then drive the wheels of the electric vehicle to run.

Description

A dual-motor dual-mode coupled electric vehicle drive system

technical field

The invention relates to a dual-motor dual-mode coupled electric vehicle drive system.

Background technique

Traditionally, due to global air pollution and energy shortages, electric vehicles have attracted more and more attention and favor. The transmission form of the motor drive system on electric vehicles is mainly manifested as multi-motor independent drive and single-motor centralized drive. Vehicles independently driven by multiple motors are mainly driven by in-wheel motors and independently driven by wheel-side motors. The drive form of the hub motor can simplify the structure of the transmission system and facilitate the layout, but it is limited by the torque density of the drive motor and the integrated manufacturing level of the hub and the motor, and the technology is not yet mature; the independent drive form of the wheel motor is not compact in structure, heavy and bulky , the power density advantage is not obvious.

Traditional electric vehicles retain most of the mechanical structure of fuel vehicles, and some electric vehicles only replace the engine with an electric motor, so that the chassis of the vehicle still has a heavy and complicated mechanical structure, which is not conducive to energy saving and cost reduction. There are also drive systems that use dual-motor drives, but due to the use of two motors of the same size or two motors of different sizes, the distribution of driving force and energy utilization efficiency are slightly insufficient, and the adaptability to the driving environment Room for improvement.

The Chinese patent application number 201210024534.9 provides a dual-motor coupling drive and control system for electric vehicles, which consists of a set of planetary gear mechanisms, a set of gear transmission mechanisms, two drive motors, a lock, and two clutches. Through joint control of two clutches and a lock-up device, torque coupling output, rotational speed coupling and main motor independent drive output of dual motors can be realized. This scheme realizes the non-power transmission when the vehicle is running; at low speed, it realizes high torque output through dual-motor torque coupling, and at high speed, it realizes high-speed output through dual-motor speed coupling. However, in low-speed and low-torque conditions, the car is driven by the main motor. Due to the low load rate of the main motor, the economy of this configuration is not obvious in the case of low-speed and small torque; in the speed coupling mode, the two motors The torque distribution is unreasonable, and the economy is not obvious under high-speed conditions; and because the two motors are arranged with parallel shafts, in order to ensure a suitable shaft distance, the device is relatively large.

The Chinese patent with application number 201010100671.7 discloses an electric drive device suitable for dual-motor speed coupling of pure electric buses, which consists of a set of simple planetary gear mechanisms, two drive motors, and a lock. At low speed, the locker locks the planetary carrier, the power of motor No. 1 is output from the planetary carrier through the sun gear, and motor No. 1 drives independently; at high speed, the planetary carrier is unlocked, and the second motor is connected with the planetary carrier of the planetary gear mechanism and connected with the second motor. A motor implements rotational speed coupling through a planetary gear mechanism. The structure of this scheme is simple, and the power of a single motor can be reduced by coupling the speed at high speed. The disadvantage is that there are few working modes. When the vehicle is at low speed, it can only be driven by the first motor alone, which requires the torque capacity of the first motor to be large; The economy of the type is not obvious.

The Chinese patent application number 201320779634.2 provides an improved electric vehicle dual-motor coupling drive system. It is composed of main motor and auxiliary motor coaxially arranged at both ends of the system, No. 2 transmission gear, No. 2 clutch, No. 3 transmission gear, No. 3 clutch, and planetary gear mechanism. The auxiliary motor is used in low-speed and small-torque conditions, the main motor is used in medium-high speed and medium-torque, the dual-motor torque coupling is used in low-speed and high-torque conditions, and the dual-motor speed coupling is used in high-speed conditions. Although the structure adopts a coaxial arrangement, a large number of transmission gears are used, which makes the structure complicated and the volume larger. The auxiliary motor is used at low speed and small torque, and the main motor is used at medium and high speeds. It is easy to cause insufficient low-speed torque and excessive medium-high speed torque. The main and auxiliary motors are not used reasonably, and the service life of the main motor may be shortened. long.

In view of the above problems, a new dual-motor drive system is provided for electric vehicles. Its structure is simpler, its performance is more reliable, and the layout of the vehicle is more flexible. It can not only make full use of energy, but also improve the service life of the drive system motor.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a dual-motor dual-mode coupling electric vehicle drive system to overcome the defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a dual-motor dual-mode coupling electric vehicle drive system, including: a first motor, a second motor, a first clutch, a second clutch, a third clutch, a first locking device, the second locker, and a single-row planetary gear mechanism; it also includes an actuator control unit and a sensing signal acquisition unit connected to the actuator control unit, a torque signal calculation and processing unit, a vehicle state signal acquisition unit, and a drive Mechanism; the executive mechanism control unit conducts identification, mode switching and power distribution of the current operating mode of the electric vehicle through the sensing signal acquisition unit, the torque signal calculation processing unit and the vehicle state signal acquisition unit, and through The drive mechanism respectively drives the first motor, the second motor, the first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch, the first lock and the second lock The drive shaft is driven by the single-row planetary gear structure, and then the wheels of the electric vehicle are driven to run.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the sensing signal acquisition unit includes a vehicle speed sensor, a rotational speed sensor, a first analog signal input circuit connected to the vehicle speed sensor and the rotational speed sensor, an accelerator pedal sensor, a A brake pedal sensor, a second analog signal input circuit respectively connected to the accelerator pedal sensor and the brake pedal sensor, a signal respectively connected to the first analog signal input circuit and the second analog signal input circuit processing circuit. In an embodiment of the present invention, the first motor and the second motor are arranged coaxially, and are connected to the transmission shaft through a single row planetary gear mechanism; the first motor is connected to the single motor through the first clutch. The sun gear in the planetary gear mechanism is connected; the second motor is connected to the sun gear through the second clutch and the third clutch, and the second motor is connected to the single motor through the third clutch The planet carrier of the planetary gear mechanism is connected; the first locking mechanism is arranged on the planet carrier, and the second locking mechanism is arranged on the sun gear.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the transmission shaft is the front transmission shaft of the electric vehicle, and the front transmission shaft transmits power to the left and right wheels of the front axle of the electric vehicle through a drive axle.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the current operating mode identification, mode switching and power distribution process of the electric vehicle are as follows:

(1) When the electric vehicle starts, climbs or accelerates, the actuator control unit obtains the current single-motor demand torque corresponding to the signal according to the signal provided by the accelerator pedal sensor, and compares it with the current single-motor torque provided by the electric vehicle. The maximum torque is compared; if the maximum torque provided by the current single motor does not match the torque demanded by the current single motor, the first motor and the second motor run simultaneously, using torque coupling, that is, TC model;

(2) When the electric vehicle is running smoothly, the actuator control unit obtains the current single-motor demand speed corresponding to the matching of the speed signal and the vehicle speed signal according to the speed sensor and the speed signal provided by the vehicle speed sensor, And compare it with the maximum speed provided by the current single motor of the electric vehicle; if the maximum speed provided by the current single motor does not match the current demand speed of the single motor, the first motor and the second motor run simultaneously, using Speed coupling, that is, SC mode;

(3) When the electric vehicle is running smoothly, the actuator control unit obtains the current single-motor demand speed corresponding to the matching of the speed signal and the vehicle speed signal according to the speed signal provided by the speed sensor and the vehicle speed sensor, And compare it with the maximum speed provided by the current single motor of the electric vehicle; if the maximum speed provided by the current single motor matches the current demand speed of the single motor, the single motor operation mode, that is, SM1 mode or SM2 mode, is adopted, and the SM1 Mode and SM2 mode can be switched.

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the TC mode is adopted, the first clutch and the second clutch are closed, the third clutch is opened, the first lock is closed, and the second lock The stopper is disconnected, the first motor and the second motor run at the same time, and are connected to the sun gear at the same time. At this time, the torque is coupled, the planet carrier is fixed, and the sun gear is the driving part, driving the sun gear The planetary wheel rotates; the planetary wheel acts as a passive part and transmits power to the transmission shaft.

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the SC mode is adopted, the first clutch is closed, the third clutch is closed, the first motor is connected to the sun gear through the first clutch, and the second The second motor is connected to the planet carrier through the third clutch, the second clutch is disconnected, the first lock is disconnected from the second lock, and the first motor is connected to the second lock. The two motors run at the same time and drive the planetary wheels to run at the same time. At this time, the speeds are coupled to transmit the power to the transmission shaft.

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the SM1 mode is adopted, the first clutch is closed, the first lock is closed, the second lock is open, the planet carrier is fixed, and the first motor The first clutch is connected to the sun gear, and the first motor drives the sun gear to run. The sun gear drives the planetary gear to run and transmits power to the transmission shaft.

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the SM2 mode is adopted, the third clutch is closed, the first lock is opened, the second lock is closed, the sun gear is fixed, and the first The second motor is connected to the planetary carrier through the third clutch, and the second motor drives the planetary carrier to rotate, and the planetary carrier drives the planetary wheel to rotate, and transmits power to the transmission shaft.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The working state of the motor can be adjusted in time according to the driving state of the car, which can improve the adaptability of the vehicle to the driving environment.

2. The two motors only use a set of single-row planetary gear mechanism, which has a simpler structure, and adopts a horizontal axis arrangement, which makes the layout of the vehicle more flexible.

3. The two motors can be selected at will, there is no distinction between primary and secondary, and they can be operated independently alternately, which improves the service life of the motor.

4. Another motor can be used alone to drive the rear axle to improve the power of the car and realize four-wheel drive.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-motor drive system according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a dual-motor drive system according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the simplified model of the dual motors of the mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a power transmission diagram of the actuator in the working state of the mechanism TC of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a power transmission diagram of the actuator in the working state of the mechanism SC of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a power transmission diagram of the actuator in the working state of the mechanism SM1 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a power transmission diagram of the actuator in the working state of the mechanism SM2 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a control strategy software diagram of a novel dual-motor drive system of the present invention.

detailed description

The technical solution of the present invention will be specifically described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The present invention provides a dual-motor dual-mode coupling electric vehicle drive system, as shown in Figure 1, including a motor (M1), a motor (M2), a clutch (C1), a clutch (C2), a clutch (C3), and a lock (L1), locker (L2), planetary gear mechanism. The dual motors are coaxially arranged, and are only connected to the transmission shaft through a single-row planetary gear mechanism, and the power is transmitted to the vehicle wheels through the transmission shaft. The motor (M1) is connected to the sun gear of the single-row planetary gear mechanism through the clutch (C1), the motor (M2) is connected to the sun gear through the clutch (C3), and the clutch (C2), and the motor (M2) is connected to the sun gear through the clutch (C3) The planet carriers of the single-row planetary gear mechanism are connected. There is a locking mechanism (L1) on the planet carrier of the single-row planetary gear mechanism, and a locking mechanism (L2) on the sun gear. The planetary gear transmits power to the drive axle through the transmission shaft to drive the car to run.

Further, the transmission shaft is the front transmission shaft of the electric vehicle. The propeller shaft transmits the power to the left and right wheels on the front axle of the car respectively through the transaxle.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 8 , it also includes an actuator control unit and a sensing signal acquisition unit connected to the actuator control unit, a torque signal calculation and processing unit, a vehicle state signal acquisition unit, and a driving mechanism; The actuator control unit conducts identification, mode switching and power distribution of the current operating mode of the electric vehicle through the sensing signal acquisition unit, the torque signal calculation and processing unit, and the vehicle state signal acquisition unit, and drives the electric vehicle through the drive mechanism respectively. The first motor, the second motor, the first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch, the first locker and the second locker drive the transmission shaft through the single-row planetary gear structure, and then drive the wheels of the electric vehicle to run. The sensing signal acquisition unit includes a vehicle speed sensor, a rotational speed sensor, a first analog signal input circuit connected to the vehicle speed sensor and the rotational speed sensor, an accelerator pedal sensor, a brake pedal sensor, respectively connected to the accelerator pedal sensor and the brake pedal A second analog signal input circuit connected to the sensor, and a signal processing circuit respectively connected to the first analog signal input circuit and the second analog signal input circuit.

Further, as shown in Table 1 and Figure 2, when the electric vehicle starts, climbs a slope or accelerates, due to the need for large power and torque, the dual motors work simultaneously, using torque coupling, that is, TC mode. When the car needs a higher speed, the dual motors work at the same time, using speed coupling, that is, SC mode. When the car is running smoothly, one motor works alone, that is, SM1 mode or SM2 mode. When rapid acceleration is required, the two motors run simultaneously to provide power for the electric vehicle. So that the car can meet the requirements of medium and low speed, medium and small load rate, low speed and large load rate, and high speed operating conditions. Using a single motor drive under small and medium loads can increase the load rate and achieve the purpose of energy saving. Under high-torque and high-speed conditions, dual-motor coupling is used to achieve the purpose of energy saving.

Table 1

Furthermore, when in TC mode, the involved mechanisms include motor (1), motor (2), clutch (C1), clutch (C2), clutch (C3), locker (L1), locker ( L2), planetary gear mechanism. The motor (1) and the motor (2) are connected in series and work together to provide relatively large torque, which is a dual-motor torque coupling working mode.

When the car starts, climbs, or accelerates, the actuator control unit obtains the current single-motor demand torque corresponding to the signal according to the signal provided by the accelerator pedal sensor, and compares it with the maximum torque provided by the current single-motor of the electric vehicle; If the maximum torque provided by the current single motor does not match the torque demanded by the current single motor, it means that the electric vehicle currently needs greater power and torque, and the current maximum torque of the single motor is not enough to meet the requirements, then the motor ( 1) Simultaneously running with the motor (2), the clutch (C1) and the clutch (C2) are closed, the clutch (C3) is disconnected, the lock (L1) is closed, the lock (L2) is disconnected, the motor (1) and The motor (2) is connected with the sun gear at the same time, at this time the planet carrier is fixed, and the sun gear is used as the active part to drive the planetary gear to run. As a passive part, the planetary gear transmits power to the front drive shaft, then to the front drive axle, and then to the left and right wheels of the front axle. Its power transmission diagram is shown in Figure 4.

Further, when in SC mode, the involved mechanisms include motor (1), motor (2), clutch (C1), clutch (C2), clutch (C3), locker (L1), locker (L2), planetary gear mechanism. The motor (1) and the motor (2) are connected in parallel and work together to provide a relatively high speed, which is a dual-motor speed coupling mode.

When the car is running smoothly, the actuator control unit obtains the current single-motor demanded speed corresponding to the speed signal and the vehicle speed signal according to the speed signal provided by the speed sensor and the vehicle speed sensor, and matches the maximum speed provided by the current single motor of the electric vehicle. If the maximum speed provided by the current single motor does not match the required speed of the current single motor, it means that the electric vehicle currently needs a higher speed, and the current maximum speed of the single motor is not enough to meet the requirements, then the motor (1) passes The clutch (C1) is connected to the sun gear, the motor (2) is connected to the planet carrier through the clutch (C3), the clutch (C2) is disconnected, the lock (L1) and the lock (L2) are disconnected, at this time the two motors At the same time, the planetary wheels are driven to run, and the speed is coupled at this time, so that the car has a higher speed, and the power is transmitted to the left and right wheels of the front axle of the car through the front drive shaft. Its power transmission diagram is shown in Figure 5.

When the electric vehicle is running smoothly, the actuator control unit obtains the current single-motor demand speed corresponding to the matching of the speed signal and the vehicle speed signal according to the speed signal provided by the speed sensor and the vehicle speed sensor, and compares it with the current single-motor provided by the electric vehicle. If the maximum speed provided by the current single motor matches the required speed of the current single motor, it means that the electric vehicle does not need a higher speed at present, and the maximum speed provided by the current single motor meets the requirements, and the single motor operation mode is adopted , that is, SM1 mode or SM2 mode, and SM1 mode and SM2 mode can be switched.

Further, when in SM1 mode, the involved mechanisms include motor (1), clutch (C1), locker (L1), locker (L2), and planetary gear mechanism. The motor (1) is connected to the sun gear through the clutch C1. When running, the lock (L1) is closed, the planet carrier is fixed, and the lock (L2) is disconnected. The motor (1) drives the sun gear to run, and the sun gear drives the planets The wheels rotate, and the planetary gears transmit power to the drive axle to drive the car to run. Its power transmission diagram is shown in Figure 6.

When the power required by the car is small and the required speed is small, according to the driving state and operating conditions of the car, single-motor operation can be realized, which improves energy efficiency and adaptability to the driving environment of the car, such as when the car is running in the center of the city.

Further, when in SM2 mode, the involved mechanisms include motor (2), clutch (C3), locker (L1), locker (L2), and planetary gear mechanism. The motor (2) is connected to the planetary carrier through the clutch (C3), and it is running. The locker (L1) is disconnected, and the locker (L2) closes the sun gear to fix it. The motor (M2) drives the planetary carrier to run, and the planetary carrier drives the planets The wheels rotate, and the planetary wheels transmit power to the drive axle to drive the car to run. Its power transmission diagram is shown in Figure 7.

According to the driving status and operation conditions of the vehicle, single motor operation can be realized to improve the energy utilization efficiency and the adaptability of the vehicle driving environment.

Furthermore, when the car works with a single motor, the motor (1) and motor (2) can be switched at will, which is beneficial to improve the service life of the motor; it is also possible to select motors with different powers according to the different use environments and conditions to improve the performance of the motor. work efficiency.

The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes made according to the technical solution of the present invention, when the functional effect produced does not exceed the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of bi-motor Two-mode Coupling drive system of electric motor vehicle, it is characterised in that including：First motor, the second motor, first Clutch, second clutch, the 3rd clutch, the first lock device, the second lock device and simple planetary arrangement；Also include One actuating mechanism controls unit and the transducing signal acquiring unit being connected with the actuating mechanism controls unit, dtc signal are calculated Processing unit, Vehicular status signal acquiring unit and drive mechanism；The actuating mechanism controls unit is believed by the sensing Number acquiring unit, the dtc signal calculation processing unit and the Vehicular status signal acquiring unit are current for electric motor car Operational mode is identified, pattern switching and power are distributed, and drive first motor, institute respectively through the drive mechanism State the second motor, the first clutch, the second clutch, the 3rd clutch, first lock device and institute The second lock device is stated, the power transmission shaft is driven by the single planetary gear construction, and then drive the wheel fortune of electric automobile Turn.

2. a kind of bi-motor Two-mode Coupling drive system of electric motor vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sensing Signal acquiring unit includes a vehicle speed sensor, a speed probe, passed respectively with the vehicle speed sensor and the rotating speed The first connected analog signal input circuit of sensor, an accelerator pedal sensor, a brake pedal sensor, respectively with it is described plus The second connected analog signal input circuit of speed pedal sensor and the brake pedal sensor, respectively with first mould Intend signal input circuit and the connected signal processing circuit of second analog signal input circuit.

3. a kind of bi-motor Two-mode Coupling drive system of electric motor vehicle according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described first Motor is set with second motor coaxle, and is connected by simple planetary arrangement with power transmission shaft；First motor leads to The first clutch is crossed with the sun gear in the simple planetary arrangement to be connected；Second motor passes through described second Clutch and the 3rd clutch are connected with the sun gear, and second motor passes through the 3rd clutch and institute The planet carrier for stating simple planetary arrangement is connected；First lockable mechanism is arranged on the planet carrier, second lock Locking mechanism is arranged on the sun gear.

4. a kind of bi-motor Two-mode Coupling drive system of electric motor vehicle according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the transmission Axle is the front propeller shaft of the electric automobile, and the front propeller shaft is transmitted power to a left side for electric automobile front axle by drive axle Right wheel.

5. a kind of bi-motor Two-mode Coupling drive system of electric motor vehicle according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described electronic The identification of car present mode of operation, pattern switching and power assigning process are as follows：

When electric automobile starts, climbs or accelerated, the actuating mechanism controls unit is provided according to the accelerator pedal sensor Signal, obtain the corresponding current single motor demand torque of the signal, and the maximum provided with the current single motor of electric automobile turns Square is compared；If the torque capacity that current list motor is provided is mismatched with current single motor demand torque, described the One motor is run simultaneously with second motor, using torque coupling, namely TC patterns；

When electric automobile even running, the actuating mechanism controls unit is sensed according to the speed probe and the speed Tach signal and GES that device is provided, obtaining current single motor corresponding with GES matching with the tach signal needs Rotating speed is sought, and the maximum (top) speed provided with the current single motor of electric automobile is compared；If the maximum that current list motor is provided turns When speed is mismatched with current single motor demand rotating speed, first motor runs and run simultaneously simultaneously with second motor, Coupled using rotating speed, namely SC patterns；

When electric automobile even running, the actuating mechanism controls unit is sensed according to the speed probe and the speed Tach signal and GES that device is provided, obtaining current single motor corresponding with GES matching with the tach signal needs Rotating speed is sought, and the maximum (top) speed provided with the current single motor of electric automobile is compared；If the maximum that current list motor is provided turns Speed is with current single motor demand rotating speed when matching, using single motor running mode, namely SM1 patterns or SM2 patterns, and described SM1 patterns and SM2 patterns are changeable.

6. a kind of bi-motor Two-mode Coupling drive system of electric motor vehicle according to claim 5, it is characterised in that using described During TC patterns, the first clutch and second clutch closure, the 3rd clutch disconnect, first locking Device is closed, and second lock device disconnects, and first motor is operated simultaneously with second motor, and simultaneously with the sun Wheel is connected, now torque coupling, and the planet carrier is fixed, and the sun gear is driving link, drives the planetary gear to rotate；It is described Planetary gear transmits power to power transmission shaft as Passive part.

7. a kind of bi-motor Two-mode Coupling drive system of electric motor vehicle according to claim 5, it is characterised in that using described During SC patterns, the first clutch closure, the 3rd clutch closure, first motor passes through the first clutch It is connected with the sun gear, second motor is connected by the 3rd clutch with the planet carrier, second clutch Device is disconnected, and first lock device disconnects with second lock device, and first motor is operated simultaneously with second motor, The planetary gear is driven to operate simultaneously, now rotating speed is coupled, and power is transmitted to power transmission shaft.

8. a kind of bi-motor Two-mode Coupling drive system of electric motor vehicle according to claim 5, it is characterised in that using described During SM1 patterns, the first clutch closure, the first lock device closure, second lock device disconnects, and the planet carrier is consolidated Fixed, first motor is connected by the first clutch with the sun gear, by described in first motor drive too Sun wheel operating, the sun wheel drive is planetary gear operating, and power is transmitted to power transmission shaft.

9. a kind of bi-motor Two-mode Coupling drive system of electric motor vehicle according to claim 5, it is characterised in that using described During SM2 patterns, the 3rd clutch closure, first lock device disconnects, the second lock device closure, the sun gear Fixed, second motor is connected by the 3rd clutch with the planet carrier, is driven by second motor described Planet carrier is operated, and the planet carrier drives the planetary gear operating, and power is transmitted to power transmission shaft.