CN106941184A - Hydrogen pressure differential detection method, detection means and hydrogen differential pressure pickup - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen pressure difference detection method, a detection device and a hydrogen pressure difference sensor, wherein the method includes: collecting hydrogen pressure, battery stack temperature and humidification temperature; Saturation pressure, and obtain the second saturation pressure corresponding to the temperature of the battery stack according to the temperature of the battery stack; obtain the relative humidity of the intake air according to the first saturation pressure and the second saturation pressure; obtain the output voltage according to the potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell ; Obtain the hydrogen pressure difference according to the hydrogen pressure, the relative humidity of the intake air, the second saturation pressure and the battery stack temperature. The method can determine the hydrogen pressure difference according to the potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell, reduces the volume and cost of the fuel cell system, improves the practicability and applicability of the fuel cell system, and is simple and easy to implement.

Description

Hydrogen pressure difference detection method, detection device and hydrogen pressure difference sensor

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a hydrogen pressure difference detection method, a detection device and a hydrogen pressure difference sensor.

Background technique

Water management is a very important aspect in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Proper water content on both sides of the membrane electrode is a necessary condition to maintain battery performance, too much or too little water will cause battery performance to decline. The pressure difference (pressure difference) between the inlet and outlet of the gas on the same side of the fuel cell is one of the indicators reflecting the water content inside the cell. Since the hydrogen side has less water content and the hydrogen flow rate is lower, the hydrogen pressure drop is particularly sensitive to the perception of the water content in the hydrogen side flow channel. Therefore, in the water management of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the hydrogen pressure drop is an important monitoring quantity.

Wherein, the value of the hydrogen pressure drop can be obtained by the difference between the inlet and outlet pressures. However, since the inlet and outlet pressure fluctuates greatly, and the hydrogen pressure difference is generally only a small value within a dozen kilopascals or even five kilopascals, it is not very accurate to use the difference method to reflect the hydrogen pressure drop value.

In related technologies, the hydrogen pressure difference value is generally obtained directly through a hydrogen pressure difference sensor. Differential pressure sensors used in the field of industrial control usually use pressure sensitive elements to sense the difference in air pressure on both sides. There are two common types of differential pressure sensors, piezoresistive and capacitive. A piezoresistive sensor uses the resistivity stress change of a semiconductor to output an electrical signal. It is common to use an elastic silicon diaphragm to sense the pressure on both sides. Different pressures will cause different degrees of imbalance in the bridge integrated on the silicon diaphragm, thereby outputting different electrical signals. Capacitive sensors convert changes in differential pressure to changes in capacitance. Compared with piezoresistive, capacitive dynamic response is better. The common form is that a central pressure-sensitive diaphragm and two isolation diaphragms on both sides form two series capacitors respectively. The change of the pressure difference causes the pressure-sensitive diaphragm to deform, so that the capacities of the two capacitors are no longer equal, thus outputting an electrical signal.

However, the ambient temperature directly affects the resistivity of the bridge in piezoresistive sensors, and also affects the internal geometry and spatial location of parts in capacitive sensors. Therefore, the temperature will introduce errors in the measurements of both sensors, and finally temperature compensation is required. Temperature compensation is generally performed in the signal modulation module for software calibration of different temperatures corresponding to different electrical signals, but before compensation, a temperature sensor needs to be installed inside the sensor.

Therefore, differential pressure sensors used in the field of industrial control are usually bulky, heavy, and costly, and the range of a single sensor is limited, which reduces the applicability of the fuel cell system.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to propose a hydrogen pressure difference detection method, which can reduce the volume and cost of the fuel cell system, and improve the practicability and applicability of the fuel cell system.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen pressure difference detection device.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen pressure difference sensor.

In order to achieve the above purpose, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a hydrogen pressure difference detection method, including the following steps: collecting hydrogen pressure, battery stack temperature and humidification temperature; temperature, and obtain the second saturation pressure corresponding to the temperature of the battery stack according to the temperature of the battery stack; obtain the relative humidity of the intake air according to the first saturation pressure and the second saturation pressure; obtain the relative humidity according to the fuel The potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the battery obtains the output voltage; the hydrogen pressure difference is obtained according to the hydrogen pressure, the relative humidity of the intake air, the second saturation pressure and the battery stack temperature.

The hydrogen pressure difference detection method of the embodiment of the present invention can determine the hydrogen pressure difference according to the potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell through the existing hydrogen pressure of the fuel cell system, the temperature of the battery stack, and the relative humidity of the intake air, thereby reducing the fuel consumption. The volume and cost of the battery system improve the practicability and applicability of the fuel cell system, which is simple and easy to implement.

In addition, the hydrogen pressure difference detection method according to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first saturation pressure is obtained by the following formula:

The second saturation pressure is obtained by the following formula:

Wherein, p _sat,hum is the first saturation pressure, T _hum is the humidification temperature, g is a constant, p _sat,stack is the second saturation pressure, and T _stack is the battery stack temperature.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the relative humidity of the intake air is obtained by the following formula:

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen pressure difference is obtained by the following formula:

or

Among them, A is the amplification factor of the amplifier, F is Faraday's constant, and R is the gas constant.

In order to achieve the above purpose, another embodiment of the present invention proposes a hydrogen pressure difference detection device, including: an acquisition module for collecting hydrogen pressure, battery stack temperature and humidification temperature; a first calculation module for The humidification temperature obtains a first saturation pressure corresponding to the humidification temperature, and obtains a second saturation pressure corresponding to the battery stack temperature according to the battery stack temperature; The first saturation pressure and the second saturation pressure obtain the relative humidity of the intake air; the acquisition module is used to obtain the output voltage according to the potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell; the third calculation module is used to obtain the output voltage according to the hydrogen pressure, the The relative humidity of the intake air, the second saturation pressure and the battery stack temperature are used to obtain a hydrogen pressure difference.

The hydrogen pressure difference detection device of the embodiment of the present invention can determine the hydrogen pressure difference according to the potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell through the existing hydrogen pressure of the fuel cell system, the temperature of the battery stack, and the relative humidity of the intake air, thereby reducing the fuel consumption. The volume and cost of the battery system improve the practicability and applicability of the fuel cell system, which is simple and easy to implement.

In addition, the hydrogen pressure difference detection device according to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first saturation pressure is obtained by the following formula:

The second saturation pressure is obtained by the following formula:

Wherein, p _sat,hum is the first saturation pressure, T _hum is the humidification temperature, g is a constant, p _sat,stack is the second saturation pressure, and T _stack is the battery stack temperature.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the relative humidity of the intake air is obtained by the following formula:

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen pressure difference is obtained by the following formula:

or

Among them, A is the amplification factor of the amplifier, F is Faraday's constant, and R is the gas constant.

In order to achieve the above purpose, another embodiment of the present invention proposes a hydrogen pressure difference sensor, including: a first hydrogen inlet; a first collector plate connected to the first hydrogen inlet to obtain the first hydrogen; Two-side hydrogen gas inlet; the second collector plate connected with the second hydrogen gas inlet to obtain the second hydrogen gas, wherein the pressure of the first hydrogen gas is different from that of the second hydrogen gas; the proton exchange membrane membrane electrode assembly, the The proton exchange membrane membrane electrode assembly is connected to the first collector plate and the second collector plate respectively, and is used to obtain the potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell according to the first hydrogen gas and the second hydrogen gas , and output through the signal amplification device; the above-mentioned hydrogen pressure difference detection device.

The hydrogen pressure difference sensor of the embodiment of the present invention can determine the hydrogen pressure difference according to the potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell through the existing hydrogen pressure of the fuel cell system, the temperature of the battery stack, and the relative humidity of the intake air, thereby reducing the pressure of the fuel cell. The volume and cost of the system improve the practicability and applicability of the fuel cell system, which is simple and easy to implement.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first current collector plate and the second current collector plate may be conductive thin plates with holes in the center.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easy to understand from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the hydrogen pressure differential detection method according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a hydrogen pressure difference detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a hydrogen pressure difference sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of differential pressure-voltage data at different temperatures according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of pressure difference-voltage data under different intake relative humidity according to an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals designate the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The hydrogen pressure difference detection method, detection device and hydrogen pressure difference sensor according to the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, the flow chart of the hydrogen pressure difference detection method according to the embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a hydrogen pressure difference detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the hydrogen pressure difference detection method comprises the following steps:

In step S101, hydrogen pressure, battery stack temperature and humidification temperature are collected.

It should be noted that the hydrogen pressure may be one of hydrogen inlet pressure p _in or hydrogen outlet pressure p _out .

In step S102, a first saturation pressure corresponding to the humidification temperature is obtained according to the humidification temperature, and a second saturation pressure corresponding to the battery stack temperature is obtained according to the battery stack temperature.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first saturation pressure is obtained by the following formula:

The second saturation pressure is obtained by the following formula:

Wherein, p _sat,hum is the first saturation pressure, T _hum is the humidification temperature, g is a constant, p _sat,stack is the second saturation pressure, and T _stack is the battery stack temperature.

In step S103, the relative humidity of the intake air is obtained according to the first saturation pressure and the second saturation pressure.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the relative humidity of intake air is obtained by the following formula:

In step S104, the output voltage is obtained according to the potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell.

For example, the method of the embodiment of the present invention can use the principle that the different pressures of the hydrogen at the anode and the anode will generate a potential difference on the proton exchange membrane fuel cell to determine the hydrogen pressure difference. Among them, the potential difference generated on both sides of the membrane electrode is sent to the signal amplification module through the high-conductivity collector plate with the opening in the center for voltage amplification and output, so that only the existing hydrogen pressure, stack temperature, and hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell system can be used. The gas humidity and the voltage measured by the device can determine the hydrogen pressure difference, so that the whole device has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, low cost, etc., which is helpful to the commercialization of the fuel cell system.

In step S105, the hydrogen pressure difference is obtained according to the hydrogen pressure, the relative humidity of the intake air, the second saturation pressure and the battery stack temperature.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen pressure difference is obtained by the following formula:

or

Among them, A is the amplification factor of the amplifier, F is Faraday's constant, and R is the gas constant.

It can be understood that, considering that the fuel cell system comes with various sensors such as gas inlet temperature and humidity, these existing parameters can be utilized to minimize the mass, volume and cost of the sensors. For example, the following steps are included:

In step S1, at least the following operating parameters in the fuel cell system are measured: one of the hydrogen inlet pressure p _in or the outlet pressure p _out , the temperature T _stack of the fuel cell stack, the relative humidity RH _in of the hydrogen gas inlet, and the hydrogen pressure difference The output voltage U of the sensor;

In step S2, the relative humidity of the intake air can be obtained by measuring the humidification temperature _Thum of the intake air, or can be obtained by other means. If the former, execute step S3 to step S6 in sequence; if the latter, execute step S4 to step S6;

Step S3, calculating the saturation pressure p _{sat,hum corresponding} to the humidification temperature Thum:

Step S4, calculating the saturation pressure p _{sat,stack corresponding to the stack temperature T stack :}

g ₀ =-0.29912729×10 ⁴ ; g ₁ =-0.60170128×10 ⁴ ; g ₂ =0.1887643854×10 ² ; g ₃ =-0.28354721× ₁₀ ^-1 ; g ₄ =0.17838301×10 ^-4 ; ×10 ^-9 ; g ₆ =0.44412543×10 ^-12 ; g ₇ =0.2858487×10;

Step S5, calculating the intake air relative humidity RH _in :

Among them, p _{sat, hum} is the saturation pressure corresponding to the humidification water temperature, p _{sat, stack} is the saturation pressure corresponding to the stack temperature;

In addition, p _sat,hum can be determined by the following formula:

And p _sat,stack can be determined by the following formula:

Among them, g _i in the above two formulas is:

g ₀ =-0.29912729×10 ⁴ ; g ₁ =-0.60170128×10 ⁴ ; g ₂ =0.1887643854×10 ² ;

g ₃ =-0.28354721×10 ^-1 ; g ₄ =0.17838301×10 ^-4 ; g ₅ =-0.84150417×10 ^-9 ;

g ₆ =0.44412543×10 ⁻¹² ; g ₇ =0.2858487×10.

Step S6, calculate hydrogen pressure difference hydrogen Δp:

or,

Among them, A is the amplification factor of the amplifier, F is Faraday's constant, and R is the gas constant.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the fuel cell system can measure the hydrogen inlet or outlet pressure, the temperature of the fuel cell stack, and the relative humidity of the hydrogen gas intake. The temperature of the fuel cell stack can be measured by a pressure sensor, and the temperature of the fuel cell stack can be measured by installing a temperature sensor at the inlet or outlet of the cooling medium flowing through the stack.

According to the hydrogen pressure difference detection method of the embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen pressure difference can be determined according to the potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell through the existing hydrogen pressure of the fuel cell system, the battery stack temperature, and the relative humidity of the intake air, reducing the The volume and cost of the fuel cell system improve the practicability and applicability of the fuel cell system, which is simple and easy to implement.

Next, the hydrogen pressure difference detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen pressure difference detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the hydrogen pressure difference detection device 100 includes: an acquisition module 101 , a first calculation module 102 , a second calculation module 103 , an acquisition module 104 and a third calculation module 105 .

Wherein, the collection module 101 is used to collect hydrogen pressure, battery stack temperature and humidification temperature. The first calculation module 102 is used to obtain a first saturation pressure corresponding to the humidification temperature according to the humidification temperature, and obtain a second saturation pressure corresponding to the battery stack temperature according to the battery stack temperature. The second calculation module 103 is used to obtain the relative humidity of the intake air according to the first saturation pressure and the second saturation pressure. The obtaining module 104 is used for obtaining the output voltage according to the potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell. The third calculation module 105 is used to obtain the hydrogen pressure difference according to the hydrogen pressure, the relative humidity of the intake air, the second saturation pressure and the battery stack temperature. The device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention can determine the hydrogen pressure difference according to the potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell, reduce the volume and cost of the fuel cell system, improve the practicability and applicability of the fuel cell system, and is simple and easy to implement.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first saturation pressure is obtained by the following formula:

The second saturation pressure is obtained by the following formula:

Wherein, p _sat,hum is the first saturation pressure, T _hum is the humidification temperature, g is a constant, p _sat,stack is the second saturation pressure, and T _stack is the battery stack temperature.

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the relative humidity of intake air is obtained by the following formula:

Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen pressure difference is obtained by the following formula:

or

Among them, A is the amplification factor of the amplifier, F is Faraday's constant, and R is the gas constant.

It should be noted that the foregoing explanations on the embodiment of the hydrogen pressure difference detection method are also applicable to the hydrogen pressure difference detection device of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

According to the hydrogen pressure difference detection device of the embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen pressure difference can be determined according to the potential difference between the anode and cathode of the fuel cell through the existing hydrogen pressure of the fuel cell system, the battery stack temperature, and the relative humidity of the intake air, reducing the The volume and cost of the fuel cell system improve the practicability and applicability of the fuel cell system, which is simple and easy to implement.

Finally, the hydrogen differential pressure sensor proposed according to the embodiment of the present invention is described, which includes: a first hydrogen gas inlet, a first current collector plate, a second side hydrogen gas inlet, a second current collector plate, a proton exchange membrane membrane electrode assembly and the above-mentioned hydrogen gas Pressure difference detection device.

Wherein, the first collector plate is connected with the first hydrogen gas inlet to obtain the first hydrogen gas. The second collector plate is connected with the second hydrogen gas inlet to obtain the second hydrogen gas, wherein the pressures of the first hydrogen gas and the second hydrogen gas are different. The proton exchange membrane membrane electrode assembly is connected to the first collector plate and the second collector plate respectively, and the proton exchange membrane membrane electrode assembly is used to obtain the potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell according to the first hydrogen gas and the second hydrogen gas, and output through a signal amplifier.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first current collector plate and the second current collector plate may be conductive thin plates with holes in the center. That is to say, the high-voltage side current collector plate and the low-voltage side current collector plate are conductive thin plates with a central opening, and the hydrogen pressure difference sensor is connected between the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen pipeline of the fuel cell system to detect the fuel cell. The pressure difference between the hydrogen inlet and outlet.

Specifically, the hydrogen pressure difference sensor of the embodiment of the present invention is determined by the principle that hydrogen gas with different pressures at the cathode and anode will generate a potential difference on the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which is determined by the hydrogen inlet at the high-pressure side, the collector plate at the high-voltage side, the proton The exchange membrane membrane electrode assembly, the low-voltage side current collector plate, the low-voltage side hydrogen gas inlet, and the signal amplification device are composed of two current collector plates that are also high-conductivity material sheets with a central hole, and the gases on both sides respectively pass through the hole to reach the The membrane electrodes are distributed on both sides of the membrane electrodes, so that the potential difference on both sides of the membrane electrodes is collected from the two collector plates and sent to the voltage amplification device for signal amplification. In addition, the high-voltage side is the negative pole, and the low-voltage side is the positive pole.

It can be understood that the hydrogen inlet or outlet pressure (pin or p _out ), the stack temperature T _stack , the hydrogen inlet relative humidity RH _in and the saturation pressure p _sat,stack are collected _. The relative humidity at the hydrogen outlet is generally 1.

If the hydrogen pressure is only collected at the outlet, calculate the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of hydrogen according to the following formula:

If the hydrogen pressure is only collected at the inlet, calculate the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of hydrogen according to the following formula:

Among them, Δp is the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of hydrogen, U is the voltage after signal amplification, A is the amplification factor, F is the Faraday constant, and R is the gas constant 8.314J/(mol·K).

Although the hydrogen pressure difference sensor of the embodiment of the present invention uses an expensive proton exchange membrane membrane electrode assembly, the size of the membrane electrode can be as small as 10 mm, and the required physical quantities such as pressure, temperature, humidity, etc., are generally met by fuel cell systems. Acquisition has the advantages of simple structure, small volume and low cost.

In addition, the hydrogen differential pressure calculation formula includes the temperature compensation function of ordinary differential pressure sensors, so the differential pressure calculation is more accurate.

For example, as shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 3 depicts the minimum fuel cell system required to implement the present invention. Among them, the minimum system should be able to provide the physical quantities required for the normal operation of the differential pressure sensor: hydrogen gas inlet pressure, stack temperature, relative humidity of the inlet gas, etc. They are respectively provided by the intake air pressure sensor 5 , the cooling water inlet temperature sensor 14 and the humidifying water temperature sensor 3 . The hydrogen pressure difference sensor 6 of the embodiment of the present invention is connected between the inlet 7 and the outlet 8 of the hydrogen pipeline of the fuel cell stack 10 . The high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen source 1 enters the stack after being decompressed by the pressure reducing valve 2 and humidified by the humidifier 4, and the intake pressure is regulated by the back pressure valve 9 on the outlet pipeline. The cooling water re-enters the electric stack after passing through the radiator 11, the circulation pump 12 and the heater 13.

As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the structure of the hydrogen pressure difference sensor 6 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The hydrogen gas at the stack inlet 7 is connected to the high pressure side inlet 19 of the differential pressure sensor, and the hydrogen gas at the stack outlet 8 is connected to the low pressure side inlet 15 of the differential pressure sensor. 18 and 16 are high-conductivity sheets with small holes in the center, and they are collector plates on the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the differential pressure sensor respectively. 17 is a very small proton exchange membrane membrane electrode assembly. Due to the small size of the membrane electrode, the entire device 6 does not have a separate gas channel, and the gas channel is provided by the central aperture of the collector plate 18 and the collector plate 16 . The potential difference on both sides of the proton exchange membrane membrane electrode assembly 17 is amplified by a voltage amplification device 20 with an amplification factor A and then output.

Furthermore, the specific calculation steps of the hydrogen pressure difference can be as follows:

Step S1, calculate the saturation pressure p _{sat,hum at} this temperature from the humidification temperature Thum collected by the humidification water temperature sensor 3:

Step S2, calculate the saturation pressure p _sat,stack at this temperature from the stack temperature T _stack collected by the cooling water inlet temperature sensor 14:

Step S3, calculating the intake air relative humidity RH _in : RH _in =p _sat,hum /p _sat,stack ;

Step S4 _, obtain the hydrogen pressure difference Δp with the help of the collected T _stack , pin , voltage U and the calculated RH _in :

Further, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 respectively show the relationship between the pressure difference and the potential difference on both sides of the membrane electrode at different stack temperatures and different intake air humidity. The line segment is the theoretical curve obtained by the above formula, and the discrete points are the measured values of the pressure difference under different potential differences. The differential pressure is measured by a piezoresistive differential pressure sensor with an accuracy of 1‰. It can be seen that the measured values are in good agreement with the theoretical values. Generally, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the anode of the actual fuel cell is within 5kPa, and the measured pressure difference in this section is also consistent with the theoretical value. The sensor illustrating an embodiment of the present invention may be applied to a fuel cell system.

It should be noted that the foregoing explanations for the embodiment of the hydrogen pressure difference detection device are also applicable to the hydrogen pressure difference sensor of this embodiment, and to reduce redundancy, details are not repeated here.

According to the hydrogen pressure difference sensor of the embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen pressure difference can be determined according to the potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell through the existing hydrogen pressure of the fuel cell system, the temperature of the cell stack, and the relative humidity of the intake air, thereby reducing the fuel consumption. The volume and cost of the battery system improve the practicability and applicability of the fuel cell system, which is simple and easy to implement.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Back", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axial", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the referred device or element Must be in a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise specified limit. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature may be in direct contact with the first feature or the first and second feature may be in direct contact with the second feature through an intermediary. touch. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "beneath" the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.

In the description of this specification, descriptions referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or characteristic is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification without conflicting with each other.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, those skilled in the art can make the above-mentioned The embodiments are subject to changes, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Claims (10)

1. A hydrogen pressure difference detection method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: Collect hydrogen pressure, battery stack temperature and humidification temperature; Obtaining a first saturation pressure corresponding to the humidification temperature according to the humidification temperature, and obtaining a second saturation pressure corresponding to the battery stack temperature according to the battery stack temperature; obtaining the relative humidity of intake air according to the first saturation pressure and the second saturation pressure; obtaining an output voltage from a potential difference between an anode and a cathode of the fuel cell; and The hydrogen pressure difference is obtained according to the hydrogen pressure, the relative humidity of the intake air, the second saturation pressure and the battery stack temperature. 2. The hydrogen pressure difference detection method according to claim 1, wherein the first saturation pressure is obtained by the following formula: ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; exp</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 6</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 7</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; ln</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$ The second saturation pressure is obtained by the following formula: ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; exp</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 6</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 7</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; ln</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>$ Wherein, p _sat,hum is the first saturation pressure, T _hum is the humidification temperature, g is a constant, p _sat,stack is the second saturation pressure, and T _stack is the battery stack temperature. 3. The hydrogen pressure difference detection method according to claim 2, wherein the relative humidity of the intake air is obtained by the following formula: ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; RH</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>$ 4. the hydrogen pressure difference detection method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described hydrogen pressure difference obtains by following formula: or $\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Delta;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; exp</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; RT</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; o</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; o</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; RH</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>$ Among them, A is the amplification factor of the amplifier, F is Faraday's constant, and R is the gas constant. 5. A hydrogen pressure difference detection device, characterized in that, comprising: The collection module is used to collect hydrogen pressure, battery stack temperature and humidification temperature; A first calculation module, configured to obtain a first saturation pressure corresponding to the humidification temperature according to the humidification temperature, and obtain a second saturation pressure corresponding to the battery stack temperature according to the battery stack temperature; A second calculation module, configured to obtain the relative humidity of intake air according to the first saturation pressure and the second saturation pressure; an acquisition module, configured to acquire an output voltage according to the potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell; and The third calculation module is used to obtain the hydrogen pressure difference according to the hydrogen pressure, the relative humidity of the intake air, the second saturation pressure and the battery stack temperature. 6. The hydrogen pressure difference detection device according to claim 5, wherein the first saturation pressure is obtained by the following formula: ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; exp</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 6</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 7</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; ln</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>$ The second saturation pressure is obtained by the following formula: ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; exp</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 6</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 7</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; ln</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>$ Wherein, p _sat,hum is the first saturation pressure, T _hum is the humidification temperature, g is a constant, p _sat,stack is the second saturation pressure, and T _stack is the battery stack temperature. 7. The hydrogen pressure difference detection device according to claim 6, wherein the relative humidity of the intake air is obtained by the following formula: ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; RH</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; h</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>$ 8. The hydrogen pressure difference detection device according to claim 7, wherein the hydrogen pressure difference is obtained by the following formula: or $\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Delta;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; exp</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; A</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&CenterDot;</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; RT</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; o</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; o</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; RH</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Center\; Dot;</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; p</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; s</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>$ Among them, A is the amplification factor of the amplifier, F is Faraday's constant, and R is the gas constant. 9. A hydrogen pressure difference sensor, characterized in that, comprising: a first hydrogen inlet; A first collector plate connected to the first hydrogen gas inlet to obtain the first hydrogen gas; Hydrogen inlet on the second side; A second collector plate connected to the second hydrogen inlet to obtain a second hydrogen, wherein the pressures of the first hydrogen and the second hydrogen are different; A proton exchange membrane membrane electrode assembly, the proton exchange membrane membrane electrode assembly is connected to the first collector plate and the second collector plate respectively, and is used to obtain fuel according to the first hydrogen gas and the second hydrogen gas The potential difference between the anode and cathode of the battery, and output through the signal amplification device; and The hydrogen pressure difference detection device according to any one of claims 6-9. 10 . The hydrogen pressure difference sensor according to claim 9 , wherein the first collector plate and the second collector plate are conductive thin collector plates with holes in the center. 11 .