CN113921871A - Humidity detection system and method for high-power fuel cell stack reaction gas - Google Patents
Humidity detection system and method for high-power fuel cell stack reaction gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN113921871A CN113921871A CN202111193076.7A CN202111193076A CN113921871A CN 113921871 A CN113921871 A CN 113921871A CN 202111193076 A CN202111193076 A CN 202111193076A CN 113921871 A CN113921871 A CN 113921871A
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- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a humidity detection system and method for high-power fuel cell stack reaction gas, and relates to the technical field of humidity detection. The humidity detection system comprises a pipeline for conveying gas, and a first mass flow meter, a humidifying and heating module for heating and humidifying the gas, a second mass flow meter, a pressure detector and a temperature detector are sequentially arranged in the gas conveying direction of the pipeline. The invention is convenient for measuring the relevant data of the gas for the calculation of the subsequent gas humidity, and has simple and reliable structure and high measurement precision. In addition, the invention also provides a humidity detection method of the high-power fuel cell stack reaction gas, and the method is convenient for obtaining the humidity information of the high-power fuel cell stack reaction gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of humidity detection, in particular to a system and a method for detecting humidity of reaction gas of a high-power fuel cell stack.
Background
Fuel cells generate electrical energy by electrochemically reacting hydrogen gas at the anode and oxygen gas (air) at the cathode across a membrane. After the research and development of a prototype or the production of a production line are finished, the fuel cell needs to pass the activation of a galvanic pile, the plan curve test and the performance test, and the test needs corresponding test equipment. In the test equipment of the fuel cell stack, the humidity detection of the reaction gas plays a significant role in evaluating and analyzing the performance of the fuel cell.
During the reaction process of the fuel cell stack, hydrogen and air need to be humidified, so that the output performance of the fuel cell stack is improved, and in the test process of the fuel cell stack, different humidity can cause different output performance of the fuel cell, so that the output performance of the fuel cell stack under different humidity of cathode and anode reaction gases is tested by controlling the humidity of the cathode and the anode of the fuel cell stack, and the method has great significance in the test and performance evaluation of the fuel cell. The conventional humidity sensor is inconvenient for testing the humidity of the cathode and anode reaction gases of the fuel cell stack, and has certain limitations.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a humidity detection system for reaction gas of a high-power fuel cell stack, which is convenient for measuring relevant data of the gas for calculating the subsequent gas humidity, and has simple and reliable structure and high measurement precision.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting humidity of reaction gas in a high power fuel cell stack, which is convenient for obtaining humidity information of reaction gas in a high power fuel cell stack.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a humidity detection system for a high-power fuel cell stack reaction gas, which includes a pipeline for conveying a gas, and a first mass flow meter, a humidification heating module for heating and humidifying the gas, a second mass flow meter, a pressure detector, and a temperature detector are sequentially arranged along a gas conveying direction of the pipeline.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the humidifying and heating module includes a humidifier and a heater which are sequentially disposed in a gas conveying direction of the pipe.
Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, a shut-off valve is further provided before the first mass flow meter in the gas conveying direction of the pipeline.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for detecting humidity of a reactant gas of a high-power fuel cell stack, including the above system for detecting humidity of a reactant gas of a high-power fuel cell stack, further including the following steps:
the dried reaction gas is conveyed into a pipeline, and a first mass flowmeter detects that the mass flow value of the dried reaction gas is M1;
humidifying and heating the dried reaction gas through a humidifying and heating module to enable the gas to reach a target temperature of entering a fuel cell stack, and detecting that the mass flow value of the humidified and heated reaction gas is M2 by a second mass flow meter;
the pressure detector detects that the pressure value of the reaction gas is P, and the temperature detector detects that the temperature value of the reaction gas is T;
calculating the relative humidity of the gas according to formula (1) and formula (2), wherein
The formula (1) is:
d＝A*RH*pv÷(P-RH*pv) (1)
the formula (2) is:
pv＝100*exp{12.062-4039.558÷(T+235.379)} (2)
wherein:
RH is relative humidity;
p is the measured pressure value;
t is the measured temperature value;
pv is the saturated partial pressure;
a is variable and is selected according to the composition of the gas.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention at least has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the invention provides a humidity detection system for high-power fuel cell stack reaction gas, which is convenient for measuring relevant data of the gas for calculating the subsequent gas humidity, and has the advantages of simple and reliable structure and high measurement precision.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a humidity detection method of the high-power fuel cell stack reaction gas, and by adopting the method, the humidity information of the high-power fuel cell stack reaction gas can be conveniently obtained.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a humidity detection system for reactant gas of a high-power fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1-a pipeline; 2-a first mass flow meter; 3-a second mass flow meter; 4-a pressure detector; 5-a temperature detector; 6, a humidifier; 7-a heater; 8-cutting off the valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a humidity detection system for a high power fuel cell stack reaction gas, which includes a pipeline 1 for conveying the gas, and a first mass flow meter 2, a humidification heating module for heating and humidifying the gas, a second mass flow meter 3, a pressure detector 4, and a temperature detector 5 are sequentially disposed along a gas conveying direction of the pipeline 1.
Thus, the pipeline 1 can be used for conveying reaction gas, such as hydrogen or air, and the dry reaction gas enters from the inlet of the pipeline 1 and is conveyed into the fuel cell stack after passing through the first mass flow meter 2, the humidifying and heating module, the second mass flow meter 3, the pressure detector 4 and the temperature detector 5.
The first mass flow meter 2 detects that the mass flow value of the dried reaction gas is M1, and the second mass flow meter 3 detects that the mass flow value of the humidified and heated reaction gas is M2; the pressure detector 4 detects that the pressure value of the reaction gas is P, and the temperature detector 5 detects that the temperature value of the reaction gas is T; therefore, the method is convenient for measuring the relevant data of the gas for calculating the subsequent gas humidity, and has simple and reliable structure and high measurement precision.
Alternatively, the pressure detector 4 of the present embodiment may employ a pressure sensor, and the temperature detector 5 may employ a temperature sensor.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, the above-described humidification heating module includes a humidifier 6 and a heater 7 which are disposed in this order in the gas conveying direction of the pipe 1.
This facilitates humidification of the reaction gas by the humidifier 6 and heating of the reaction gas by the heater 7. It should be noted that, the humidifier 6 and the heater 7 of the present embodiment both adopt existing common devices, and detailed descriptions are omitted.
In some embodiments of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, a shut-off valve 8 is provided before the first mass flow meter 2 in the gas conveying direction of the pipe 1.
The setting of the cut-off valve 8 is convenient for controlling the opening and closing of the pipeline 1 through the cut-off valve 8.
The embodiment further provides a humidity detection method for the high-power fuel cell stack reaction gas, which includes the humidity detection system for the high-power fuel cell stack reaction gas, and further includes the following steps:
the dried reaction gas is conveyed into the pipeline 1, and the mass flow value of the dried reaction gas detected by the first mass flowmeter 2 is M1 (g/s);
alternatively, for example, in a 100KW cell test station, the flow rate of the air is typically in the range of 0 to 6000SLPM, and the mass of the air is equal to the standard volume flow rate and the molar mass/molar volume/60 of the air, i.e. the mass of the air at 6000SLPM per second is 29 × 6000/22.4/60 and 129.46g/s, so the first mass flow meter 2 with the detection range of 0 to 130g/s is selected.
The dried reaction gas is humidified and heated by a humidifying and heating module so that the gas reaches the target temperature of entering the fuel cell stack, and then the mass flow value of the humidified and heated reaction gas is detected to be M2(g/s) by a second mass flow meter 3;
alternatively, M2 was measured to be in the range of 100% wet air theoretical mass flow at 6000SPLM at 95 ℃ and 300kpa, which equals approximately 170 g/s.
The pressure detector 4 detects that the pressure value of the reaction gas is P, and the temperature detector 5 detects that the temperature value of the reaction gas is T;
according to the mass conservation principle, the mass flow value of water is M3(g/s) which is equal to M2-M1 by the mass flow value M1(g/s) of the collected dry gas and the mass flow value M2(g/s) of the gas after humidification and heating.
Calculating the relative humidity of the gas according to formula (1) and formula (2), wherein
The formula (1) is:
d＝A*RH*pv÷(P-RH*pv)，Kg/Kg (1)
the formula (2) is:
pv＝100*exp{12.062-4039.558÷(T+235.379)}，kPa (2)
wherein:
RH is relative humidity;
p is the measured pressure value;
t is the measured temperature value;
pv is the saturated partial pressure;
a is variable and is selected according to the composition of the gas.
When the reaction gas is air, a is 0.622, at this time (for example, pv is 84.7858kPa, d is 0.2450g/g calculated by formula (1) and formula (2) at 95 ℃, 300kPa, 100% humidity, and when the air mass flow rate is 130g/s, the theoretical contained water mass flow rate is 0.2450 × 130 is 31.6 g/s);
according to the collected data, the detected pressure is P, and the temperature is T;
and according to the definition of moisture content, how much water is contained in each unit mass of air, d is M3/M1;
according to the formula (2), obtaining the saturation partial pressure pv at the moment;
the following formula (3) is derived from formula (1):
PH＝(d*P÷0.622)÷{(d÷0.622+1)*pv} (3)。
for example:
1: the detected mass flow value M1 is 65g/s, the detected mass flow value M2 is 71.85g/s, the collected temperature T is 75 ℃, and the pressure P is 210 kpa;
2, calculating the moisture content M3-M2-M1-6.85 g/s, and the moisture content d-M3/M1-6.85/65-0.1053;
3: the saturation partial pressure is calculated according to equation (2) as: pv-38.5613;
and 4, obtaining the relative humidity of the air entering the pile according to the formula (3) as follows: RH 0.7885;
5: by detection and calculation, the temperature of the air entering the stack was 75 ℃, the pressure was 210kpa, and the relative humidity was 78.85%.
When the reaction gas is hydrogen, a is 9, at this time (for example, at 95 ℃, 300kPa, and 100% humidity, pv is 84.7858kPa, d is 3.5456g/g as calculated by the formula (4) (2), when the hydrogen mass flow rate is 3g/s, the theoretical mass flow rate of contained water is 3.5456 is 3 is 10.6g/s, so if the 100KW electric pile test bed detects the hydrogen humidity, the detection range of the first mass flow meter 2 is 0-4g/s, and the detection range of the second mass flow meter 2 is 0-15 g/s);
according to the collected data, the detected pressure is P, and the temperature is T;
and according to the definition of moisture content, how much water is contained in each unit mass of air, d is M3/M1;
according to the formula (2), obtaining the saturation partial pressure pv at the moment;
the following formula (5) is derived from formula (1):
PH＝(d*P÷9)÷{(d÷9+1)*pv} (5)
for example:
1: the detected mass flow value M1 is 2g/s, the detected mass flow value M2 is 5g/s, the collected temperature T is 78 ℃, and the pressure P is 210 kpa;
2, calculating the moisture content M3-M2-M1-3 g/s, and the moisture content d-M3/M1-3/2-1.5;
3: the saturation partial pressure is calculated according to equation (2) as: pv-43.6779;
and 4, obtaining the relative humidity of the hydrogen entering the pile according to the formula (5) as follows: RH 0.6868;
5: by detection and calculation, the temperature of the hydrogen entering the stack was 78 ℃, the pressure was 210kpa, and the relative humidity was 68.68%.
In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a humidity detection system for a high power fuel cell stack reaction gas, which includes a pipeline 1 for conveying gas, and a first mass flow meter 2, a humidifying and heating module for heating and humidifying the gas, a second mass flow meter 3, a pressure detector 4, and a temperature detector 5 are sequentially arranged along a gas conveying direction of the pipeline 1.
Thus, the pipeline 1 can be used for conveying reaction gas, such as hydrogen or air, and the dry reaction gas enters from the inlet of the pipeline 1 and is conveyed into the fuel cell stack after passing through the first mass flow meter 2, the humidifying and heating module, the second mass flow meter 3, the pressure detector 4 and the temperature detector 5.
The first mass flow meter 2 detects that the mass flow value of the dried reaction gas is M1, and the second mass flow meter 3 detects that the mass flow value of the humidified and heated reaction gas is M2; the pressure detector 4 detects that the pressure value of the reaction gas is P, and the temperature detector 5 detects that the temperature value of the reaction gas is T; therefore, the method is convenient for measuring the relevant data of the gas for calculating the subsequent gas humidity, and has simple and reliable structure and high measurement precision.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A humidity detection system for reaction gas of a high-power fuel cell stack is characterized in that: the gas humidification and humidification system comprises a pipeline (1) for conveying gas, and a first mass flow meter (2), a humidification and heating module for heating and humidifying the gas, a second mass flow meter (3), a pressure detector (4) and a temperature detector (5) are sequentially arranged along the gas conveying direction of the pipeline (1).
2. The system for detecting humidity of reaction gas of high power fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein: the humidifying and heating module comprises a humidifier (6) and a heater (7) which are sequentially arranged along the gas conveying direction of the pipeline (1).
3. The system for detecting humidity of reaction gas of high power fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein: and a cut-off valve (8) is arranged in front of the first mass flowmeter (2) along the gas conveying direction of the pipeline (1).
4. A humidity detection method for high-power fuel cell stack reaction gas is characterized by comprising the following steps: the humidity detection system including the high power fuel cell stack reactant gas according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising the steps of:
the dried reaction gas is conveyed into a pipeline (1), and a first mass flow meter (2) detects that the mass flow value of the dried reaction gas is M1;
the dried reaction gas is humidified and heated by a humidifying and heating module so that the gas reaches the target temperature of entering a fuel cell stack, and then a second mass flow meter (3) detects that the mass flow value of the humidified and heated reaction gas is M2;
the pressure detector (4) detects that the pressure value of the reaction gas is P, and the temperature detector (5) detects that the temperature value of the reaction gas is T;
calculating the relative humidity of the gas according to formula (1) and formula (2), wherein
The formula (1) is:
d＝A*RH*pv÷(P-RH*pv) (1)
the formula (2) is:
pv＝100*exp{12.062-4039.558÷(T+235.379)} (2)
wherein:
RH is relative humidity;
p is the measured pressure value;
t is the measured temperature value;
pv is the saturated partial pressure;
a is variable and is selected according to the composition of the gas.
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Application publication date: 20220111 |