CN106924864A - A kind of anti-reflux ureter bracket of super-hydrophobic oleophobic - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a superhydrophobic and oleophobic anti-reflux ureteral stent. The ureteral stent is a tubular body with a diameter of 1-3 mm, and is sequentially provided with a kidney end part, a ureter part and a bladder end part; the kidney end part The part is curled, and the distal end surface is open; the bladder end part is also curled, and the proximal end surface is closed; the interior of the kidney end part and the ureter part are hollow, and the outer wall is provided with A number of staggered drainage holes; the distance between the most recent drainage hole and the end of the bladder is 3-10cm; the inner and outer surfaces of the ureteral stent are provided with a hydrophobic and oleophobic layer, and the thickness of the hydrophobic and oleophobic layer is 50-10cm. 200nm. The hydrophobic and oleophobic layer on the surface of the ureteral stent of the present invention isolates body fluids and urine from the ureteral stent, thereby preventing blockage, adhesion, inflammation and bacterial infection, and the ureteral stent has outstanding anti-reflux effect and good drainage sex.

Description

A superhydrophobic and oleophobic anti-reflux ureteral stent

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a superhydrophobic and oleophobic anti-reflux ureteral stent.

Background technique

Ureteral stent is the most commonly used tool in the treatment of various benign and malignant urinary system diseases. Its functions include internal support and internal drainage, which can effectively relieve temporary upper urinary tract obstruction caused by upper urinary tract stones and ureteral edema, and prevent postoperative ureteral obstruction. The occurrence of stenosis and urine leakage is conducive to the recovery of kidney function on the affected side. Ureteral stents usually need to be left in the patient's body for a certain period of time. However, the use of ureteral stents is often accompanied by some complications. During the indwelling period, the ureteral stent will be cross-linked with various hydrophilic or lipophilic groups contained in the body fluid and urine to form agglomerates, such as the formation of a skin shell, resulting in poor drainage or even blockage, which needs to be replaced again; the outer surface of the ureteral stent The surface will also stimulate the surrounding tissue, produce an inflammatory reaction, and seriously cause adhesion with the surrounding tissue, narrowing the insertion site; when the insertion time is too long, bacteria and fungi colonize and grow on the inner and outer surfaces of the ureteral stent. cause body infection. Urine reflux during ureteral stent placement often causes patients with low back pain, backache, etc., and also increases the risk of urinary tract infection. These complications greatly affect the patient's disease treatment effect and quality of life.

Chinese patent document CN201020509411.0, announcement date 2011.03.02, discloses a unidirectional drainage ureteral stent tube, which consists of renal pelvis segment, ureter segment, ureter-vesical connecting segment and bladder segment sequentially from top to bottom. A one-way drainage device is provided in the catheter of the ureter-vesical section, and the one-way drainage device is a rectangular rubber flat tube with elasticity. On the side of the bladder segment, the upper and lower tube walls overlap and close together. After the unidirectional drainage ureteral stent of the utility model is correctly placed in the body, urine can only be drained into the bladder from the renal pelvis and ureter, and the urine in the bladder cannot flow back to the renal pelvis and ureter. Chinese patent document CN201420827018.4, announcement date 2015.06.17, discloses an anti-reflux ureteral stent tube, including a hollow tube body, the hollow tube body has a straight tube section, a first curled section and a second curled section , there is at least one elastic tubular membrane surrounding the tube wall of the first curled section and can completely cover the urine outlet on the first curled section, and at least one elastic tubular membrane is arranged on the elastic tubular membrane. The opening of the elastic tubular membrane opens when the internal pressure is greater than the external pressure. The anti-reflux ureteral stent tube provided by the utility model is provided with an elastic tubular membrane on the outside of the urine outlet of the first curled section. The liquid flowing out of the tube can be discharged through the opening; when the pressure outside the elastic tubular membrane is higher than the pressure inside, the opening is closed, so as to prevent the urine in the bladder from flowing back into the renal pelvis, causing secondary damage to the patient. However, these two ureteral stents achieve the purpose of anti-reflux by adding components. On the one hand, if the component is deformed, the anti-reflux effect will be greatly weakened. On the other hand, the component increases the contact surface with body fluid or urine, which is easy to cause Blockage and infection.

In summary, there is an urgent need for a ureteral stent that can effectively resist reflux, especially avoid contact with body fluids and urine to prevent poor drainage, tissue adhesion and bacterial infection. But there is no relevant report so far.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a ureteral stent that can effectively resist reflux, especially avoid contact with body fluids and urine to prevent poor drainage, tissue adhesion and bacterial infection.

For realizing above-mentioned object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

A ureteral stent, the ureteral stent is a tubular body, which is sequentially provided with a kidney end part, a ureter part and a bladder end part; the kidney end part is curled, and the distal end surface is open; the bladder end part The part is also curled, and the proximal end surface is closed; the interior of the kidney part and the ureter part are hollow, and the outer wall is provided with a number of staggered drainage holes; the distance between the most proximal drainage hole and the bladder end part 3-10cm; the inner and outer surfaces of the ureteral stent are provided with hydrophobic and oleophobic layers.

The thickness of the hydrophobic and oleophobic layer is 50-200nm.

The diameter of the ureteral stent is 1-3mm.

The distance between adjacent drainage holes is 0.5-1 mm, and the diameter of the drainage holes is 0.4-1 mm.

The proximal end surface of the end portion of the bladder is curved.

The present invention has the advantage that:

1. The surface of the ureteral stent of the present invention is provided with a hydrophobic and oleophobic layer, which forms a protective film on the surface of the ureteral stent to isolate body fluids and urine from the ureteral stent, preventing the surface of the ureteral stent from adhering to fibrin, stones, etc. Blockage avoids the trouble of poor drainage and stent replacement, and avoids the risk of adhesion between the ureteral stent and surrounding tissues, inflammation and narrowing of the insertion site, and also has the anti-infection effect of preventing bacterial colonization. And the thickness of the hydrophobic and oleophobic layer is 50-500nm, which can play a good isolation role, can be firmly combined with the surface of the ureteral stent, and will not make the outer diameter of the ureteral stent too large, which will affect the anti-reflux effect and increase the insertion rate. Difficulty, and the inner diameter of the ureteral stent will not be too small to cause poor drainage.

2. The bladder end of the ureteral stent of the present invention is completely closed, there is a certain distance between the drainage hole and the bladder end, and the overall diameter of the ureteral stent is small, so it can effectively prevent urine reflux in the bladder and ensure a relatively high High drainage efficiency.

3. The proximal end surface of the bladder end is curved to avoid damage to the patient.

4. Both the kidney end and the bladder end are curled, which can effectively prevent the ureteral stent from shifting.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ureteral stent of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrophobic and oleophobic layer.

detailed description

The specific embodiments provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The reference signs and components involved in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

1. Kidney part 2. Ureter part

3. Bladder end part 4. Drainage hole

5. Hydrophobic and oleophobic layer

Example 1

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the ureteral stent of the present invention. The ureteral stent as a whole is an elongated tubular body with a diameter of 1-3mm, and a kidney end part 1, a ureter part 2 and a bladder end part 3 are provided in sequence. The kidney end part 1 is in a curled shape, and the distal end surface is open. The bladder end part 3 is also in a curled shape, the proximal end surface is closed, and the end surface is in the shape of a hemispherical curved surface. Both the kidney end part 1 and the ureter part 2 are hollow inside, and the outer wall is provided with staggered drainage holes 4, the distance between adjacent drainage holes is 0.5-1 mm, and the diameter of the drainage holes 4 is 0.4-1 mm. The distance between the most proximal drainage hole 4 and the end portion 3 of the bladder is 3-10 cm.

Please refer to Fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrophobic and oleophobic layer. Both the inner surface and the outer surface of the ureteral stent are provided with a hydrophobic and oleophobic layer 5, and the thickness of the hydrophobic and oleophobic layer 5 is 50-200nm.

It should be noted that the function of the hydrophobic and oleophobic layer 5 is to form a protective film on the inner and outer surfaces of the ureteral stent to separate body fluids and urine from the surface of the ureteral stent, preventing body fluids and urine from directly contacting it. , thereby preventing the surface of the ureteral stent from being clogged by the attachment of fibrin, stones, etc., avoiding the trouble of poor drainage and replacement of the stent; also avoiding the risk of adhesion between the ureteral stent and surrounding tissues, inflammatory reactions, and narrowing of the insertion site , and has the effect of preventing bacteria and fungi from colonizing and achieving anti-infection effects. The thickness of the hydrophobic and oleophobic layer is preferably 50-500nm, which has been clinically verified to have a good isolation effect, can be firmly combined with the surface of the ureteral stent, and will not make the outer diameter of the ureteral stent too large to reduce the resistance. The reflux effect and the increased difficulty of placement will not make the inner diameter of the ureteral stent too small to cause poor drainage. The hydrophobic and oleophobic layer 5 is preferably a composite nanocoating with superhydrophobic and oleophobic properties, and its material can be a fluorine-containing nanopolymer, such as a fluorocarbon nanopolymer, a fluorosilane nanopolymer, a fluoromolybdenum nanopolymer, etc. The plasma coating technology can be used to deposit it on the surface of the ureteral stent. The proximal end surface of the bladder end part 3 is set to be closed, and its outer wall is completely closed, which can effectively prevent the urine in the bladder from flowing back through the ureter. The diameter of the ureteral stent is set at 1-3 mm, and the smaller diameter can reduce the stimulation to the opening end of the ureter, and utilize the anti-reflux mechanism of the ureter itself to exert an anti-reflux effect. The distal end surface of the kidney end part 1 is open, and drainage holes 4 are arranged on the outer wall, all of which are used to drain urine, and the drainage holes 4 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the diameter is set to 0.4-1mm, which can significantly improve drainage efficiency. The distance between the most recent drainage hole 4 and the bladder end part 3 is set to 3-10 cm, which can effectively prevent the urine in the bladder from flowing back from the drainage hole 4 caused by the slight downward movement of the ureter. On the other hand, it also ensures that the ureter has more The drainage hole 4 ensures a better drainage effect. Both the kidney end part 1 and the bladder end part 3 are in a curled shape, which can well fix the ureter of the present invention and prevent displacement. The proximal end surface of the bladder end part 3 is set in a curved shape, which can prevent the end from damaging the patient's bladder tissue.

In the working state of the ureteral stent of the present invention, the kidney end part 1 is located in the kidney, the ureter part 2 is located in the ureter, and the bladder end part 3 is located in the bladder. It can well isolate body fluids and urine, avoid stimulation of surrounding tissues and colonization of bacteria, has anti-reflux function, smooth drainage, and can effectively reduce the occurrence of complications.

It should also be noted that the idea of designing a hydrophobic and oleophobic layer on the surface of the device of the present invention is not limited to the present invention. It can also be applied to the following instruments: 1. Endoscopy, including digestive endoscopy (gastroscopy, enteroscopy, colonoscopy, choledochoscopy, etc.), thoracoscopy, laparoscopy, cystoscopy and spinal arthroscopy, etc.; 2. Intracavitary implantation 3. Vascular implants, mainly various vascular catheters, guide wires, vascular substitutes and Various vascular stents, vascular catheters include various arteriovenous catheters, hemodialysis catheters, ECMO implanted arteriovenous catheters, etc. Vascular substitutes include various artificial blood vessels, and vascular stents include various stents placed in blood vessels, such as coronary artery bracket etc. To achieve the purpose of isolating body fluid or drainage or nutrient fluid or blood.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the method of the present invention, some improvements and supplements can also be made, and these improvements and supplements should also be considered Be the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of anti-reflux ureter bracket of super-hydrophobic oleophobic, it is characterised in that described ureter bracket is tubular body, according to It is secondary to be provided with kidney end part, partial ureter and bladder end part；Described kidney end part is in curly, and distal end end face is opening 's；Described bladder end part is also in curly, and proximal face is closing；Described kidney end part and partial ureter it is interior Portion is all hollow, and outer wall is provided with some staggered conduction holes；The conduction hole of most proximal end and the distance of bladder end part It is 3-10cm；The inner surface of described ureter bracket and outer surface are equipped with hydrophobic oleophobic layer.

2. ureter bracket according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described hydrophobic oleophobic thickness degree is 50- 200nm。

3. ureter bracket according to claim 1, it is characterised in that a diameter of 1-3mm of described ureter bracket.

4. ureter bracket according to claim 1, it is characterised in that adjacent conduction hole distance is 0.5-1mm, described The a diameter of 0.4-1mm of conduction hole.

5. ureter bracket according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the proximal face of described bladder end part is in song Planar.