CN106838933A - A kind of pyrolyzing sludge method of disposal being quenched based on microwave - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a sludge pyrolysis treatment method based on microwave quenching, which includes a garbage feeding device, a pyrolysis furnace, a microwave combustion furnace, an exhaust gas purification device and a slag solid waste cleaning device. After the garbage is pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis furnace The residual carbon is discharged into the microwave combustion furnace as a strong wave-absorbing medium, so that it can quickly heat up and fully burn the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace when it passes through the high-temperature residual carbon layer, thereby completely eliminating the dioxin in the pyrolysis gas. British and other toxic and harmful gases, to a greater extent reduce the damage to the environment caused by waste incineration. The steps are simple, the operation is convenient and the practicability is strong.

Description

A sludge pyrolysis treatment method based on microwave quenching

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of sludge treatment, in particular to a sludge pyrolysis treatment method based on microwave quenching.

Background technique

At present, the amount and harmfulness of domestic sludge are increasing continuously. The sludge treatment methods mainly include landfill, incineration, composting, land utilization and building material utilization, and incineration can maximize the reduction of sludge, and all pathogens are eliminated. It can be killed, the toxic pollutants are oxidized, the activity of heavy metals in the stucco is much lower than that in the sludge, and the sanitation conditions are greatly improved, but the core problems are large system investment, high treatment costs, and dioxins produced by the combustion of organic matter. Although highly toxic substances such as British can reduce the amount of sludge to a certain extent, this method is oxygen-enriched combustion and has a large amount of incineration soot and tail gas, so it needs to be equipped with a complete tail gas purification system. The incineration method relied on can no longer meet the current environmental protection requirements. Among the existing new treatment technologies, the pyrolysis incineration method has been rapidly developed due to its advantages of producing less toxic substances such as dioxins, less tail gas emissions, less residual residue, and low treatment costs. However, the pyrolysis gas produced by pyrolysis and incineration needs to stay in the combustion chamber for a sufficient time for full combustion, resulting in a very high level of automatic control for the incineration system and a large space required, which has become the inconvenience of the practical application of the pyrolysis incineration method place.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, a sludge pyrolysis treatment method based on microwave quenching is developed, which can treat sludge thoroughly, simply and environmentally friendly. The residual carbon after the sludge is pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis furnace is discharged into the microwave oven as a strong wave-absorbing medium, so that it can be heated up rapidly and the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace is fully burned when it passes through the high-temperature residual carbon layer, thereby Completely eliminate toxic and harmful gases such as dioxin in the pyrolysis gas, minimize the damage to the environment caused by waste incineration, and the equipment does not require a high automatic control system and takes up less space.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A sludge pyrolysis treatment device based on microwave quenching, comprising: a feeding device, a pyrolysis device, a microwave combustion device, an exhaust gas purification device, a slag solid waste cleaning device, a fan, and an air preheater; the feeding device, The pyrolysis device, the microwave combustion device and the slag solid waste cleaning device are connected in sequence, and a gas circulation pipeline is also arranged between the pyrolysis device and the microwave combustion device; the pyrolysis device is also connected in sequence with the air preheater and the tail gas purification device When in use, the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residual carbon produced by the pyrolysis device are respectively input into the microwave combustion device through the fan and the material channel, and after full combustion, the high-temperature tail gas produced is returned to the pyrolysis device and the air preheater in turn . Tail gas purification device; the pyrolysis treatment device is airtight and in a negative pressure state as a whole.

In the present invention, the pyrolyzed charcoal and pyrolysis gas are respectively introduced into the microwave combustion device, wherein the pyrolyzed charcoal is used as a strong wave-absorbing medium to rapidly heat up in the reaction chamber and provide heat to the pyrolysis gas to achieve Ignition temperature; the pyrolysis gas is mixed with a certain amount of combustion-supporting gas to reach the ignition limit, absorbs the heat released by the above-mentioned pyrolysis residual carbon and burns, maximizing the consumption of pyrolysis waste, and greatly reducing the combustion energy consumption. Experimental results show that: compared with the existing pyrolysis incinerator and waste gas microwave combustion furnace, the energy consumption of the waste treatment device of the present invention is reduced by 20% to 30%.

The "microwave combustion device" mentioned in the present invention refers to a device capable of heating materials by microwaves and burning gas therein.

Preferably, the feeding device is a two-stage feeding bin. To ensure the sealing state of the pyrolysis furnace and the internal negative pressure control requirements.

Preferably, the pyrolysis gas is sent to the top air inlet of the microwave combustion furnace by a fan through a check valve.

Preferably, the bottom of the microwave combustion device is provided with a high-temperature plate for receiving pyrolysis charcoal.

Preferably, the opening size of the high temperature plate meets the requirements for preventing microwave leakage.

Preferably, a screw discharge device is provided at the bottom of the microwave combustion device. In order to ensure the sealing state of the entire incinerator system and the internal negative pressure control requirements, after the solid residue is burned into ash in the microwave incinerator, it is mainly removed through the screw device, and the leaked part is removed through the slag discharge port at the bottom of the microwave oven.

The present invention also provides a sludge pyrolysis treatment method based on microwave quenching, including:

The pulverized sludge is subjected to pyrolysis treatment to obtain pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residual carbon;

Use pyrolysis residual carbon as a strong wave-absorbing medium for microwave heating to 1205-1510 ° C, and fully burn the mixture of pyrolysis gas and air passing through the above pyrolysis residual carbon, and collect tail gas;

After the collected tail gas is used for waste heat, it is purified and discharged.

The present invention utilizes pyrolysis residual carbon as a strong wave-absorbing medium in a microwave combustion furnace, and its sources are mainly residual carbon discharged into the pyrolysis furnace and activated carbon for absorbing and purifying tail gas.

The research of the present invention found that: 1kg of sludge can produce 100L to 120L of pyrolysis gas at a pyrolysis temperature of 750°C, and can produce 400g to 450g of pyrolysis residual carbon, wherein the pyrolysis residual carbon is used as a strong wave-absorbing medium in the reaction chamber The microwave absorbing heats up quickly, providing heat to the pyrolysis gas to make it reach the ignition temperature, of which 450g of pyrolysis residual carbon is used as the absorbing medium for about 8 minutes, and a large amount of heat is continuously generated during this period, so that the 120L pyrolysis gas is completely Combustion only takes about 2 minutes. After conversion, it can be seen that 1kg of residual carbon can treat 1000L of pyrolysis gas. Therefore, the pyrolysis residual carbon produced by the unit mass of sludge is sufficient to provide the heat required for pyrolysis gas combustion.

Preferably, the pyrolysis temperature is 710°C to 806°C.

Preferably, during the microwave heating process, the ratio of pyrolysis residual carbon to pyrolysis gas is: 0.8-1kg: 1000-1200L.

Preferably, in the mixed gas, the volume ratio of pyrolysis gas to air is 3.5-8.5:2.5-7.5. In the actual operation process, the amount of air used can meet the combustion requirements of the pyrolysis gas. Those skilled in the art can make routine selections according to the combustion conditions of the pyrolysis gas.

Preferably, the high-temperature exhaust gas is first sent into the pyrolysis furnace by the fan to use the remaining heat to pyrolyze the garbage in the furnace, and then enters the air preheater to heat the cold air, and the exhaust gas is used for two-stage waste heat utilization.

The present invention also provides a better sludge pyrolysis disposal method based on microwave quenching, which includes a garbage feeding device, a pyrolysis furnace, a microwave combustion furnace, an exhaust gas purification device, and a slag solid waste cleaning device. The system is closed and under negative pressure. After the garbage is crushed, it is sent to the pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis through the two-stage sealed feeding bin, and the form of the pyrolysis furnace can be a rotary furnace with mature technology at present. The pyrolysis gas is pumped by the fan to the air inlet on the top of the microwave oven, where the pyrolysis gas is mixed with the preheated air sent by another fan for combustion, and is fully burned when it passes through the high-temperature residual carbon layer, completely eliminating dioxins and other toxic and harmful gases. Then the high-temperature tail gas is sent to the pyrolysis furnace for waste heat utilization to pyrolyze the garbage in the furnace. The cooled tail gas comes out of the pyrolysis furnace, and then enters the air preheater to heat the cold air. Finally, the tail gas is discharged after passing through the activated carbon treatment device to meet the standard.

The working principle of the present invention is: after the sludge is pulverized at the discharge port, it is sent to a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis, wherein the form of the pyrolysis furnace can be a rotary furnace with mature technology at present. The pyrolysis gas generated in the rotary kiln is pumped by the fan to the air inlet on the top of the microwave oven, where the pyrolysis gas is mixed with the air sent by another fan for combustion. The pyrolysis residual carbon falls on the high temperature plate in the microwave combustion furnace as a strong microwave-absorbing medium, and the residual carbon layer is heated to a temperature of 1205-1510°C. The opening size of the high temperature plate meets the requirements for preventing microwave leakage. The pyrolysis mixed gas is fully burned when passing through the high-temperature residual carbon layer, completely eliminating toxic and harmful gases such as dioxin, and then the high-temperature tail gas is sent to the pyrolysis furnace for waste heat utilization to pyrolyze the garbage in the furnace. It comes out of the furnace, and then enters the air preheater to heat the cold air, and finally the exhaust gas is discharged after passing through the activated carbon treatment device to meet the standard.

Beneficial effects of the present invention

1. Use microwave to quench sludge deeply; realize the reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization of sludge treatment.

2. Under the action of microwave, the residual carbon absorbs heat and the C-C discharge effect can form a local hot spot temperature, increase the energy density in the combustion furnace, make the temperature in the furnace reach 1500 ° C, and completely eliminate toxic and harmful gases such as dioxin;

3. Two-stage waste heat utilization of high-temperature exhaust gas, which is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly;

4. Combined operation of pyrolysis furnace and microwave combustion furnace simplifies automatic control requirements and reduces system footprint.

5. The present invention has simple device, high processing efficiency, strong practicability, and is easy to popularize.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a sludge pyrolysis disposal device based on microwave quenching.

Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a sludge pyrolysis treatment method based on microwave quenching.

Among them, 1 primary feed device, 2 primary feed valve, 3 secondary feed device, 4 secondary feed valve, 5 pyrolysis furnace, 6. pyrolysis furnace discharge valve, 7 pyrolysis furnace exhaust Valve, 8 handle, 9 microwave oven, 10 air preheater, 11 exhaust gas recovery device, 12 microwave oven exhaust valve, 13 microwave oven high temperature plate, 14 microwave oven outlet.

detailed description

The features of the present invention and other relevant features are described in further detail below through the embodiments, so as to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art:

Example 1

The sludge pyrolysis disposal method based on microwave quenching includes garbage feeding device, pyrolysis furnace, microwave combustion furnace, tail gas purification device and slag solid waste cleaning device. The entire pyrolysis incineration system is closed and under negative pressure. After the sludge is pulverized at the discharge port, it is sent to the pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis, and the form of the pyrolysis furnace is a rotary kiln with mature technology. The pyrolysis gas produced in the rotary kiln is pumped by the fan to the air inlet on the top of the microwave oven, and then the pyrolysis gas is mixed with the air sent by another fan for combustion. The pyrolysis residual carbon falls on the high temperature plate in the microwave combustion furnace as a strong microwave-absorbing medium, and the residual carbon layer is heated to a temperature of 1200-1500 °C. The opening size of the high temperature plate meets the requirements for preventing microwave leakage. The pyrolysis mixed gas is fully burned when passing through the high-temperature residual carbon layer, completely eliminating toxic and harmful gases such as dioxins. Then the high-temperature exhaust gas is sent into the pyrolysis furnace by the fan for waste heat utilization to pyrolyze the garbage in the furnace. The cooled exhaust gas comes out of the pyrolysis furnace, and then enters the air preheater to heat the cold air. Finally, the exhaust gas passes through the activated carbon treatment device to reach the standard. After discharge, the activated carbon can be put into the microwave heating chamber for regeneration and recycling. After the residual carbon in the microwave combustion furnace is fully burned into ash, it can be discharged from the side screw slag discharge device and the bottom ash hopper.

Example 2

A sludge pyrolysis treatment device based on microwave quenching, comprising: a feeding device, a pyrolysis device, a microwave combustion device, an exhaust gas purification device, a slag solid waste cleaning device, a fan, and an air preheater; the feeding device, The pyrolysis device, the microwave combustion device and the slag solid waste cleaning device are connected in sequence, and a gas circulation pipeline is also arranged between the pyrolysis device and the microwave combustion device; the pyrolysis device is also connected in sequence with the air preheater and the tail gas purification device When in use, the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residual carbon produced by the pyrolysis device are respectively input into the microwave combustion device through the fan and the material channel, and after full combustion, the high-temperature tail gas produced is returned to the pyrolysis device and the air preheater in turn . Tail gas purification device; the pyrolysis treatment device is airtight and in a negative pressure state as a whole.

Due to the absorption of residual carbon under the action of microwaves, the temperature will reach 1000 ° C, and the discharge phenomenon will occur between carbon and carbon under the action of microwaves, and local high temperature will be generated, and the temperature of residual carbon will further increase. These heat will make pyrolysis The gas ignites quickly, and the heat generated by the fire further increases the temperature in the furnace, so that the pyrolysis gas can be fully burned.

Example 3

A sludge pyrolysis treatment device based on microwave quenching, comprising: a feeding device, a pyrolysis device, a microwave combustion device, an exhaust gas purification device, a slag solid waste cleaning device, a fan, and an air preheater; the feeding device, The pyrolysis device, the microwave combustion device and the slag solid waste cleaning device are connected in sequence, and a gas circulation pipeline is also arranged between the pyrolysis device and the microwave combustion device; the pyrolysis device is also connected in sequence with the air preheater and the tail gas purification device When in use, the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residual carbon produced by the pyrolysis device are respectively input into the microwave combustion device through the fan and the material channel, and after full combustion, the high-temperature tail gas produced is returned to the pyrolysis device and the air preheater in turn . Tail gas purification device; the pyrolysis treatment device is airtight and in a negative pressure state as a whole.

The feeding device is a two-stage feeding bin. To ensure the sealing state of the pyrolysis furnace and the internal negative pressure control requirements.

Example 4

A sludge pyrolysis treatment device based on microwave quenching, comprising: a feeding device, a pyrolysis device, a microwave combustion device, an exhaust gas purification device, a slag solid waste cleaning device, a fan, and an air preheater; the feeding device, The pyrolysis device, the microwave combustion device and the slag solid waste cleaning device are connected in sequence, and a gas circulation pipeline is also arranged between the pyrolysis device and the microwave combustion device; the pyrolysis device is also connected in sequence with the air preheater and the tail gas purification device When in use, the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residual carbon produced by the pyrolysis device are respectively input into the microwave combustion device through the fan and the material channel, and after full combustion, the high-temperature tail gas produced is returned to the pyrolysis device and the air preheater in turn . Tail gas purification device; the pyrolysis treatment device is airtight and in a negative pressure state as a whole.

The pyrolysis gas is sent to the top air inlet of the microwave combustion furnace by the blower through the check valve.

The temperature of the pyrolysis gas from the outlet of the rotary kiln is 710°C to 806°C. When the pyrolysis gas enters the microwave oven and passes through some pipes, there will be a temperature drop, and the temperature reaching the microwave oven is basically maintained between 600°C and 700°C.

Example 5

A sludge pyrolysis treatment device based on microwave quenching, comprising: a feeding device, a pyrolysis device, a microwave combustion device, an exhaust gas purification device, a slag solid waste cleaning device, a fan, and an air preheater; the feeding device, The pyrolysis device, the microwave combustion device and the slag solid waste cleaning device are connected in sequence, and a gas circulation pipeline is also arranged between the pyrolysis device and the microwave combustion device; the pyrolysis device is also connected in sequence with the air preheater and the tail gas purification device When in use, the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residual carbon produced by the pyrolysis device are respectively input into the microwave combustion device through the fan and the material channel, and after full combustion, the high-temperature tail gas produced is returned to the pyrolysis device and the air preheater in turn . Tail gas purification device; the pyrolysis treatment device is airtight and in a negative pressure state as a whole.

The bottom of the microwave combustion device is provided with a high-temperature plate for receiving pyrolysis residual carbon.

Example 6

A sludge pyrolysis treatment device based on microwave quenching, comprising: a feeding device, a pyrolysis device, a microwave combustion device, an exhaust gas purification device, a slag solid waste cleaning device, a fan, and an air preheater; the feeding device, The pyrolysis device, the microwave combustion device and the slag solid waste cleaning device are connected in sequence, and a gas circulation pipeline is also arranged between the pyrolysis device and the microwave combustion device; the pyrolysis device is also connected in sequence with the air preheater and the tail gas purification device When in use, the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residual carbon produced by the pyrolysis device are respectively input into the microwave combustion device through the fan and the material channel, and after full combustion, the high-temperature tail gas produced is returned to the pyrolysis device and the air preheater in turn . Tail gas purification device; the pyrolysis treatment device is airtight and in a negative pressure state as a whole.

The opening size of the high temperature plate meets the requirement of preventing microwave leakage.

Example 7

A sludge pyrolysis treatment device based on microwave quenching, comprising: a feeding device, a pyrolysis device, a microwave combustion device, an exhaust gas purification device, a slag solid waste cleaning device, a fan, and an air preheater; the feeding device, The pyrolysis device, the microwave combustion device and the slag solid waste cleaning device are connected in sequence, and a gas circulation pipeline is also arranged between the pyrolysis device and the microwave combustion device; the pyrolysis device is also connected in sequence with the air preheater and the tail gas purification device When in use, the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residual carbon produced by the pyrolysis device are respectively input into the microwave combustion device through the fan and the material channel, and after full combustion, the high-temperature tail gas produced is returned to the pyrolysis device and the air preheater in turn . Tail gas purification device; the pyrolysis treatment device is airtight and in a negative pressure state as a whole.

A screw discharge device is provided at the bottom of the microwave combustion device. In order to ensure the sealing state of the entire incinerator system and the internal negative pressure control requirements, after the solid residue is burned into ash in the microwave incinerator, it is mainly removed through the screw device, and the leaked part is removed through the slag discharge port at the bottom of the microwave oven.

Example 8

A method for sludge pyrolysis disposal based on microwave quenching, comprising:

The pulverized sludge is subjected to pyrolysis treatment to obtain pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residual carbon;

Use pyrolysis residual carbon as a strong wave-absorbing medium for microwave heating to 1205-1510 ° C, and fully burn the mixture of pyrolysis gas and air passing through the above pyrolysis residual carbon, and collect tail gas;

After the collected tail gas is used for waste heat, it is purified and discharged. The invention utilizes carbon as a strong wave-absorbing medium in a microwave combustion furnace, and its sources are mainly residual carbon discharged into a pyrolysis furnace and activated carbon for absorbing and purifying tail gas.

Wherein, the pyrolysis temperature is 705°C-810°C.

During the microwave heating process, the ratio of pyrolysis residual charcoal to pyrolysis gas is: 0.8-1kg: 1000-1200L.

In the mixed gas, the volume ratio of pyrolysis gas to air is 3.5-8.5:2.5-7.5.

Example 9

A method for sludge pyrolysis disposal based on microwave quenching, comprising:

The pulverized sludge is subjected to pyrolysis treatment to obtain pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residual carbon;

Use pyrolysis residual carbon as a strong wave-absorbing medium for microwave heating to 1205-1510 ° C, and fully burn the mixture of pyrolysis gas and air passing through the above pyrolysis residual carbon, and collect tail gas;

After the collected tail gas is used for waste heat, it is purified and discharged. The invention utilizes carbon as a strong wave-absorbing medium in a microwave combustion furnace, and its sources are mainly residual carbon discharged into a pyrolysis furnace and activated carbon for absorbing and purifying tail gas.

Wherein, the pyrolysis temperature is 710°C-806°C.

During the microwave heating process, the ratio of pyrolysis residual charcoal to pyrolysis gas is: 0.8-1kg: 1000-1200L.

In the mixed gas, the volume ratio of pyrolysis gas to air is 3.5-8.5:2.5-7.5.

The high-temperature exhaust gas is first sent into the pyrolysis furnace by the fan to use the remaining heat to pyrolyze the garbage in the furnace, and then enters the air preheater to heat the cold air, and the exhaust gas is used for two-stage waste heat utilization.

Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or part of them may be equivalently replaced. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention. Although the specific implementation of the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay creative work Various modifications or variations that can be made are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of pyrolyzing sludge disposal plant being quenched based on microwave, including：Feed arrangement, pyrolysis installation, microwave burning device, Exhaust gas cleaner, slag solid waste cleaning plant, blower fan, air preheater, it is characterised in that the feed arrangement, pyrolysis installation, micro- Ripple burner and slag solid waste cleaning plant are sequentially connected, and gas is additionally provided between the pyrolysis installation and microwave burning device Body circulation pipeline；The pyrolysis installation is also sequentially connected with air preheater, exhaust gas cleaner；When using, the pyrolysis installation is produced Raw pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis carbon residue are respectively by during blower fan and material channel are input to microwave burning device, after abundant burning, producing Raw high-temperature tail gas are back to pyrolysis installation, air preheater, exhaust gas cleaner successively；The pyrolysis disposal plant is closed and is in Negative pressure state.

2. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the feed arrangement is two-stage feeding warehouse.

3. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the pyrolysis gas send into microwave burning by check-valves by blower fan Furnace roof portion air inlet.

4. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the microwave burning bottom of device is provided with and be pyrolyzed for accepting The high temperature plate of carbon residue.

5. device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the bore size of the high temperature plate meets prevents microwave from leakage It is required that.

6. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the microwave burning bottom of device is provided with spiral discharging dress Put.

7. a kind of pyrolyzing sludge method of disposal being quenched based on microwave, it is characterised in that including：

Sludge after crushing is carried out into pyrolysis processing, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis carbon residue is obtained；

Heating using microwave to 1205~1510 DEG C is carried out using pyrolysis carbon residue as strong ripple medium of inhaling, and is made through above-mentioned pyrolysis carbon residue Pyrolysis gas fully burn with the mixed gas of air, collect tail gas；

After the tail gas of collection is carried out into UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, purification, exclusion.

8. method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the pyrolysis temperature is 710 DEG C~806 DEG C.

9. method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that in the microwave heating process, pyrolysis carbon residue and pyrolysis gas are used Measuring ratio is：0.8~1kg：1000~1200L；

Or in the mixed gas, pyrolysis gas are 3.5-8.5 with the volume ratio of air：2.5-7.5.

10. application of the device described in claim 1-6 in sludge is processed.