CN106479527A - One kind carries out rubbish charcoal processing system using straw burning heat release - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for making charcoal from garbage by using straw combustion to release heat. It is composed of heat exchanger (3), heat transfer oil circulation pump (12), blower fan (1), induced draft fan (6), cooling tower (9), pickling tower (5), chimney (4) and so on. The invention utilizes the heat released from straw burning to preheat and carbonize the garbage, and the whole system realizes treating waste with waste, without ozone and tar emission, and is safe and reliable. At the same time, compared with indirect heating carbonization furnaces such as electric heating furnaces, jacket heating furnaces, etc., the present invention uses straw combustion to provide heat for carbonization furnaces, and utilizes agricultural waste to achieve waste treatment with greatly reduced operating costs.

Description

A waste charcoal system using straw combustion to release heat

technical field

The invention relates to the field of solid waste resource utilization and soil restoration, in particular to a system for making charcoal from waste by using straw combustion to release heat.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the economy, urban garbage has increased rapidly. On the one hand, it pollutes the soil, water bodies and the atmosphere, and spreads diseases. On the other hand, it is the only resource that continues to grow in the world today. How to make full use of the resources in the garbage while making it harmless and reducing the amount is an important issue faced by countries all over the world.

The production of biochar by waste pyrolysis has obvious advantages in comprehensive utilization of resources, energy saving, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, waste treatment, etc. The produced biochar has a high charge density and a large number of surface negative charges, which can Adsorbs inorganic ions (such as Pb ²⁺ , Hg ²⁺ and NO ^3- , etc.) and polar or non-polar organic compounds in water, soil or sediment, and can be used to treat wastewater and polluted soil. In addition, biochar is also used as a soil active conditioner, which can be made into biological fertilizer by adding nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Therefore, the technology of producing biochar by waste pyrolysis is increasingly considered as one of the best treatment technologies to solve the problem of waste disposal. .

The indirect heating carbonization furnaces on the market (such as electric heating furnaces, jacketed heating furnaces) have high operating costs, and the existing charcoal burning technology is to directly discharge or simply treat the waste gas generated, which does not have the conditions for conversion and reuse. Therefore, There is a certain waste.

The present invention proposes a waste charcoal system that utilizes straw combustion to release heat. On the one hand, domestic waste is turned into biochar, turning waste into treasure; on the other hand, the heat released by straw combustion is provided to the Garbage drying and pyrolysis process provide a way out for straw and garbage disposal at the same time.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above defects, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a system for making charcoal from waste by utilizing straw combustion and releasing heat, which can rationally utilize straw and household waste and further turn them into biochar.

The present invention solves its technical problem and realizes through the following technical solutions:

A system for making charcoal from waste by using straw combustion to release heat, comprising a straw combustion furnace (2), a heat transfer oil heat exchanger (3), a waste drying furnace (8), a cooling tower (9) and a carbonization furnace (13). The exhaust port of the straw burning furnace (2) is connected to the air inlet of the heat transfer oil heat exchanger (3) through the gas pipeline, and the oil outlet of the heat transfer oil heat exchanger (3) is connected to the garbage drying furnace through the oil pipeline. The oil inlet of (8) is connected, and the exhaust port of described garbage drying oven (8) is connected with the air inlet of cooling tower (9) by gas pipeline, and the exhaust port of described cooling tower (9) is passed gas The pipeline is connected with the air inlet of the straw burning furnace (2);

The oil outlet of the garbage drying furnace (8) is connected with the oil inlet of the heat transfer oil heat exchanger (3) through the oil pipeline, and the garbage outlet of the garbage drying furnace (8) is connected with the carbonization furnace (13) through the garbage pipeline. )'s garbage entry connection;

The exhaust port of the straw burning furnace (2) is connected to the air inlet of the carbonization furnace (13) through a gas pipeline, and the exhaust port of the carbonization furnace (13) is connected to the intake port of the straw burning furnace (2) through a gas pipeline. Gas connection.

Further, the exhaust port of the heat transfer oil heat exchanger (3) is connected to the chimney (4) through a gas pipeline, and dust collectors ( 7), induced draft fan (6) and pickling tower (5).

Further, a heat-conducting oil tank (11) and a heat-conducting oil circulation pump (12) are installed on the connecting pipe between the oil outlet of the garbage drying furnace (8) and the oil inlet of the heat-conducting oil heat exchanger (3).

Further, an air lock valve (10) is installed on the pipeline connecting the garbage outlet of the garbage drying furnace (8) to the garbage inlet of the carbonization furnace (13).

Further, a pyrolysis gas circulation fan (14) is installed on the pipe connecting the exhaust port of the carbonization furnace (13) to the air inlet of the straw burning furnace (2).

Further, the straw burning furnace (2) is connected with a blower (1) through a gas pipeline.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. Compared with indirect heating carbonization furnaces (such as electric heating furnaces and jacket heating furnaces), the present invention uses straw combustion to provide heat source for carbonization furnaces, and utilizes agricultural wastes to realize waste treatment with waste, greatly reducing operating costs.

2. The present invention adopts high-temperature flue gas to directly contact with garbage, so the drying rate and carbonization rate are high, the reaction of the whole cross-section is uniform, and no local overheating or overcooling phenomenon occurs. The carbonization furnace can adopt the structure of refractory brick + insulation brick + outer carbon steel guard plate, and the investment cost is small. Compared with the indirect heating method of the carbonization furnace, it has the characteristics of fast heat transfer, high carbonization rate, simple equipment, low failure rate, low energy consumption, and low equipment investment. In addition, the processing capacity of a single carbonization furnace is much higher than that of an indirect heating carbonization furnace.

3. The combustible components and tar produced by the carbonization furnace are passed into the straw combustion furnace as combustion air. On the one hand, energy cascade utilization is realized without energy waste; on the other hand, the problem of tar pollution to the environment is solved.

4. In the present invention, part of the high-temperature flue gas heats the heat-conducting oil, and the heated heat-conducting oil indirectly heats the garbage, and the odor generated during the garbage drying process is passed into the straw burning furnace, and the system has no odor emission.

5. The system flow of the present invention is simple, each unit equipment has a mature product, reliable operation, and obvious economic and environmental benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the system for making charcoal from waste by using straw combustion to release heat in the present invention.

Explanation of reference signs

1-blower, 2-straw burning furnace, 3-heat transfer oil heat exchanger, 4-chimney, 5-pickling tower, 6-induced fan, 7-dust collector, 8-garbage drying furnace, 9-cooling tower, 10 -air lock valve, 11-heat transfer oil tank, 12-heat transfer oil circulation pump, 13-carbonization furnace, 14-pyrolysis gas circulation fan, a-straw, b-straw ash, c-high temperature flue gas, d-high temperature heat transfer oil , e-garbage, f-dry garbage, g-biochar, h-waste water.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below through the specific examples, the following examples are only descriptive, not restrictive, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention with this.

As shown in Figure 1, a waste charcoal production system using straw combustion heat release, including a straw combustion furnace 2, a heat transfer oil heat exchanger 3, a waste drying furnace 8, a cooling tower 9 and a carbonization furnace 13, the straw combustion furnace 2 The exhaust port is connected to the air inlet of the heat transfer oil heat exchanger 3 through a gas pipeline, the oil outlet of the heat transfer oil heat exchanger 3 is connected to the oil inlet of the garbage drying furnace 8 through an oil pipeline, and the exhaust of the garbage drying furnace 8 The port is connected with the air inlet of the cooling tower 9 through a gas pipeline, and the exhaust port of the cooling tower 9 is connected with the air inlet of the straw burning furnace 2 through a gas pipeline.

The oil outlet of the garbage drying furnace 8 is connected with the oil inlet of the heat transfer oil heat exchanger 3 through an oil pipeline, and a heat transfer oil tank 11 and a heat transfer oil circulation pump 12 are installed on the connecting pipe. The garbage outlet of the garbage drying furnace 8 is connected with the garbage inlet of the carbonization furnace 13 through a garbage pipeline, and an air lock valve 10 is installed on the connecting pipeline.

The exhaust port of the heat transfer oil heat exchanger 3 is connected to the chimney 4 through a gas pipeline, and the connecting pipe from the heat transfer oil heat exchanger 3 to the chimney 4 is installed with a dust collector 7 , an induced draft fan 6 and a pickling tower 5 in sequence.

The exhaust port of the straw burning furnace 2 is connected to the air inlet of the carbonization furnace 13 through a gas pipeline, the exhaust port of the carbonization furnace 13 is connected to the air inlet of the straw burning furnace 2 through a gas pipeline, and the exhaust port of the carbonization furnace 13 is connected to A pyrolysis gas circulation fan 14 is installed on the pipeline of the air inlet of the straw burning furnace 2 . The straw burning furnace 2 is connected with a blower 1 through a gas pipeline. The carbonization furnace 13 adopts a moving bed structure.

Set forth below the concrete method step of applying the present invention and corresponding working principle:

Combustion of straw fuel produces high-temperature flue gas at about 850°C, the oxygen content of the flue gas is controlled at about 5%, part of the high-temperature flue gas enters the carbonization furnace, and part of it enters the heat transfer oil heat exchanger.

Considering that there will be a small amount of odor generated during the drying process of the garbage, the present invention adopts the indirect drying method of the garbage. Put the straw a into the straw burning furnace, and a part of the high-temperature flue gas c from the straw burning furnace enters the heat transfer oil heat exchanger to heat the heat transfer oil. After cooling down, the high-temperature flue gas passes through the dust collector, induced draft fan, and pickling tower in sequence The chimney is emptied. The high-temperature heat-conducting oil d from the heat-conducting oil heat exchanger enters the garbage drying furnace to indirectly heat the garbage e put in. The heated heat transfer oil flows out from the garbage drying furnace and flows into the heat transfer oil heat exchanger through the heat transfer oil circulation pump. The high-humidity exhaust gas from the garbage drying furnace passes through the cooling tower to remove the waste water h, and then passes through the straw combustion furnace as supplementary air, where the odor generated by garbage drying is completely decomposed in the combustion furnace, and the heated dry garbage f passes through The garbage pipe enters the carbonization furnace, and the gas lock valve on the pipe restricts the passage of waste gas.

In the carbonization furnace, high-temperature flue gas c flows from bottom to top, and dry garbage f moves from top to bottom. On the one hand, the high-temperature flue gas c provides a heat source for the carbonization reaction of garbage, and on the other hand, a small amount of oxygen contained in the flue gas reacts with the garbage to provide part of the heat. Due to the low amount of oxygen in the flue gas, the carbonization furnace is in an endothermic reaction state as a whole, and the garbage is cracked into biochar g through preheating, carbonization, gasification and other stages under anoxic state. The temperature of the carbonization furnace is controlled at 400°C to 800°C, and the solid residence time is 15-120min. The carbonization furnace adopts a moving bed structure, and the dust content of the pyrolysis gas at the outlet is very small.

The exhaust gas from the exhaust port on the top of the carbonization furnace contains a certain amount of combustible components (CO, H2, CxHy, etc.), tar, and moisture produced during the gasification and carbonization of garbage. The combustible components and tar have a certain calorific value, and the exhaust gas passes through After the pyrolysis gas circulation fan and the air delivered by the blower, it is used as the combustion air of the straw burning furnace. In the high-temperature environment of the combustion furnace, the combustible components produced by the carbonization furnace undergo a combustion reaction, and the tar is completely decomposed and burned. On the one hand, energy cascade utilization is realized, and there is no energy waste; on the other hand, the system has no tar and odor emissions, and the surrounding environment of the factory area be effectively improved. And the burned straw ash b is discharged from the slag outlet of the straw burning furnace for processing.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The heat source of the present invention is straw, and may also be coal gangue, sawdust and other fuels. The invention adopts rubbish to make charcoal, and materials such as waste tires and agricultural and forestry wastes can also be utilized. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the improvements and modifications made should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. one kind carries out rubbish charcoal processing system using straw burning heat release, it is characterised in that：Including stalk combustion furance (2), heat conduction Oil heat exchanger (3), drying garbage stove (8), cooling tower (9) and retort (13), the exhaust outlet of stalk combustion furance (2) pass through Gas pipeline is connected with the air inlet of heat-condutive oil heat exchanger (3), and the oil-out of heat-condutive oil heat exchanger (3) passes through oil pipeline It is connected with the oil-in of drying garbage stove (8), the exhaust outlet of drying garbage stove (8) is by gas pipeline and cooling tower (9) Air inlet connection, and the exhaust outlet of the cooling tower (9) is connected with the air inlet of stalk combustion furance (2) by gas pipeline；

The oil-out of drying garbage stove (8) is connected with the oil-in of heat-condutive oil heat exchanger (3) by oil pipeline, and described The garbage outlet of drying garbage stove (8) is connected with the garbage inlet of retort (13) by waste pipe；

The exhaust outlet of stalk combustion furance (2) is connected with the air inlet of retort (13) by gas pipeline, the retort (13) exhaust outlet is connected with the air inlet of stalk combustion furance (2) by gas pipeline.

2. one kind as claimed in claim 1 carries out rubbish charcoal processing system using straw burning heat release, it is characterised in that：Described lead The exhaust outlet of deep fat heat exchanger (3) connects chimney (4), and the connection of heat-condutive oil heat exchanger (3) to chimney (4) by gas pipeline Deduster (7), air-introduced machine (6) and pickling tower (5) is sequentially installed with pipeline.

3. one kind as claimed in claim 2 carries out rubbish charcoal processing system using straw burning heat release, it is characterised in that：The rubbish Heat conduction fuel tank (11) and heat conduction are installed on rubbish drying oven (8) oil-out and the connecting pipe of heat-condutive oil heat exchanger (3) oil-in Oil circulating pump (12).

4. one kind as claimed in claim 3 carries out rubbish charcoal processing system using straw burning heat release, it is characterised in that：The rubbish Blocking valve (10) is installed on the pipeline of rubbish drying oven (8) garbage outlet connection retort (13) garbage inlet.

5. one kind as claimed in claim 4 carries out rubbish charcoal processing system using straw burning heat release, it is characterised in that：The charcoal Pyrolysis gas circulating fan (14) is installed on the pipeline for changing stove (13) exhaust outlet connection stalk combustion furance (2) air inlet.

6. one kind as claimed in claim 5 carries out rubbish charcoal processing system using straw burning heat release, it is characterised in that：The straw Stalk combustion furnace (2) is connected with air blast (1) by gas pipeline.