CN106797734A - A kind of feed mechanism for seed - Google Patents
A kind of feed mechanism for seed Download PDFInfo
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- CN106797734A CN106797734A CN201710043198.5A CN201710043198A CN106797734A CN 106797734 A CN106797734 A CN 106797734A CN 201710043198 A CN201710043198 A CN 201710043198A CN 106797734 A CN106797734 A CN 106797734A
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- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 7
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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Abstract
本发明涉及农业机械技术领域，特别涉及一种排种器。所述装置包括机架和安装在所述机架上的排种箱、移动板块、推杆槽、推杆机构、凸轮机构、弹簧和电机；排种箱底部开设有出种口；移动板块上开设有排种口；推杆槽设置在移动板块的下方；推杆机构包括推杆和滚轮，推杆滑动安装在推杆槽内，推杆的一端通过连接件与移动板块连接，另一端通过滚轮连接凸轮机构；凸轮机构连接电机，弹簧两端分别连接推杆槽和推杆，弹簧与所述凸轮机构共同驱动推杆在推杆槽内往复运动。本发明结构简单紧凑，制作、安装方便，排种稳定、均匀，种子损伤率低，可以广泛应用在农业播种实践中。
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a seed metering device. The device includes a frame, a seed box installed on the frame, a moving plate, a push rod groove, a push rod mechanism, a cam mechanism, a spring and a motor; a seed outlet is provided at the bottom of the seed box; There is a seed discharge opening; the push rod groove is set under the moving plate; the push rod mechanism includes a push rod and a roller, the push rod is slidably installed in the push rod groove, one end of the push rod is connected with the moving plate through a connecting piece, and the other end is passed The roller is connected with the cam mechanism; the cam mechanism is connected with the motor, and the two ends of the spring are respectively connected with the push rod groove and the push rod, and the spring and the cam mechanism jointly drive the push rod to reciprocate in the push rod groove. The invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, convenient manufacture and installation, stable and uniform seed arrangement, low seed damage rate, and can be widely used in agricultural seeding practice.
Description
【技术领域】【Technical field】
本发明涉及农业机械技术领域，特别涉及一种排种器。The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a seed metering device.
【背景技术】【Background technique】
目前，市面上排种器的种类多种多样，现有的排种器包括槽轮式、钉轮式、匙式、叶轮式、离心式、气吸式和指夹式等，尽管排种器的种类繁多，但对于排种器的总体要求均有一个相似点，即：播量要稳定、排种均匀、不损伤种子、通用性好、播量调节范围大、调整方便可靠等。但目前的排种器都无法同时完全满足上述要求，例如，外槽轮式排种器尽管稳定性好，但是有脉动现象，还会损伤种子，降低种子利用率；内槽轮式排种器虽然基本不损伤种子，也没有脉动现象，均匀性也较好，但是传动机构复杂，稳定性差。又如气吸式排种器，它通用性好，对种子尺寸和形状要求不严，不需对种子进行严格分级，能够提高播种速度，但是回转的排种盘与不动的真空室配合，气密要求高，机构复杂，容易磨损，并且伤种严重，风机耗能也较大。另外，现有的排种器拆卸比较麻烦，不能灵活改变排种器用以适应不同的场合。At present, there are various types of seed metering devices on the market. The existing seed metering devices include grooved wheel type, nail wheel type, spoon type, impeller type, centrifugal type, air suction type and finger clip type, etc., although the seed metering device There are many types of seed metering devices, but the overall requirements for seed metering devices have one similarity, namely: stable sowing rate, uniform seeding, no damage to seeds, good versatility, large sowing rate adjustment range, convenient and reliable adjustment, etc. However, none of the current seed meters can fully meet the above requirements at the same time. For example, although the outer grooved wheel seed meter has good stability, it has pulsation, which will damage the seeds and reduce the utilization rate of seeds; the inner grooved wheel seed meter Although the seeds are basically not damaged, there is no pulsation phenomenon, and the uniformity is good, but the transmission mechanism is complicated and the stability is poor. Another example is the air-suction seed metering device, which has good versatility, does not have strict requirements on the size and shape of the seeds, does not need to strictly classify the seeds, and can increase the seeding speed, but the rotating seed metering disc cooperates with the immobile vacuum chamber. The airtight requirements are high, the mechanism is complex, easy to wear, and the damage is serious, and the energy consumption of the fan is also large. In addition, the existing seed metering device is troublesome to disassemble, and the seed metering device cannot be flexibly changed to suit different occasions.
【发明内容】【Content of invention】
鉴于以上内容，有必要提供一种排种器，该发明结构简单紧凑，制作、安装方便，并且排种稳定、均匀，播种量可以控制，种子损伤率较低，可以广泛应用在农业播种实践中。In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a seed metering device, which is simple and compact in structure, easy to manufacture and install, stable and uniform in seed metering, controllable in seeding rate, low in seed damage rate, and can be widely used in agricultural seeding practice .
为达到上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种排种器，包括机架和安装在所述机架上的排种箱、移动板块、推杆槽、推杆机构、凸轮机构、弹簧和电机，所述排种箱底部开设有出种口；所述移动板块滑动安装在排种箱底部，并覆盖所述出种口，所述移动板块上开设有排种口；所述推杆槽设置在移动板块的下方；所述推杆机构包括推杆和滚轮，所述推杆滑动安装在推杆槽中，并通过连接件连接移动板块；所述推杆一端延伸出推杆槽外，并通过所述滚轮与凸轮机构中凸轮的凸轮面滚动连接；所述凸轮机构连接电机；所述弹簧两端分别连接推杆槽和推杆；其与所述凸轮机构共同驱动推杆在推杆槽内往复运动，所述推杆带动移动板块相对排种箱底部往复移动，在所述移动板块往复移动过程中，所述出种口被移动板块覆合或者与排种口连通。In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a seed metering device, including a frame and a seed metering box installed on the frame, a moving plate, a push rod groove, a push rod mechanism, a cam mechanism, Spring and motor, the bottom of the seed metering box is provided with a seed outlet; the moving plate is slidably installed on the bottom of the seed metering box and covers the seed outlet, and the moving plate is provided with a seed outlet; the pushing The rod groove is arranged below the moving plate; the push rod mechanism includes a push rod and a roller, the push rod is slidably installed in the push rod groove, and is connected to the moving plate through a connecting piece; one end of the push rod extends out of the push rod groove outside, and is rollingly connected with the cam surface of the cam in the cam mechanism through the roller; the cam mechanism is connected to the motor; the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the push rod groove and the push rod; The push rod reciprocates in the groove, and the push rod drives the moving plate to reciprocate relative to the bottom of the seed box. During the reciprocating movement of the moving plate, the seed outlet is covered by the moving plate or communicated with the seed outlet.
进一步地，一种排种器还包括排种管，所述排种管连接在移动板块的底部上，并且所述排种管与排种口连通；或者所述排种管安装在机架上，并且所述排种管通过排种口与出种口连通。Further, a seed metering device also includes a seed metering pipe, the seed metering pipe is connected to the bottom of the moving plate, and the seed metering pipe communicates with the seed metering port; or the seed metering pipe is installed on the frame , and the seed pipe communicates with the seed outlet through the seed outlet.
进一步地，所述排种管与移动板块为可拆卸连接或者所述排种管与机架为可拆卸连接。Further, the seed pipe is detachably connected to the moving plate or the seed pipe is detachably connected to the frame.
进一步地，所述排种管与移动板块连接的一端或者排种管靠近移动板块的一端呈倾斜的漏斗形结构，另一端呈细长管状结构。Further, one end of the seed tube connected to the moving plate or one end of the seed tube close to the moving plate is in an inclined funnel-shaped structure, and the other end is in a slender tubular structure.
进一步地，一种排种器还包括传动机构，所述凸轮机构通过传动机构与电机输出端连接，所述传动机构为链传动机构和带传动机构的一种。Further, a seed metering device further includes a transmission mechanism, the cam mechanism is connected to the output end of the motor through the transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism is one of a chain transmission mechanism and a belt transmission mechanism.
进一步地，一种排种器还包括调速器，所述调速器与电机连接。Further, a seed metering device further includes a speed governor, and the speed governor is connected with the motor.
进一步地，所述排种箱呈漏斗型结构，其上开设有进种口，所述进种口开设在排种箱的上部。Further, the seed metering box has a funnel-shaped structure, and a seed inlet is opened on it, and the seed metering hole is opened on the upper part of the seed metering box.
进一步地，所述出种口的尺寸大小大于排种口的尺寸大小，所述排种口的尺寸大小比种子的尺寸大小大1-2毫米。Further, the size of the seed outlet is larger than that of the seed discharge port, and the size of the seed discharge port is 1-2 mm larger than the size of the seeds.
进一步地，所述连接件与移动板块之间为可拆卸连接。Further, the connecting piece is detachably connected to the moving plate.
进一步地，所述机架呈矩形支架结构，其上设有排种箱支架、推杆槽支架和电机支架。Further, the frame has a rectangular support structure, on which are provided a seed box support, a push rod groove support and a motor support.
本发明具有以下有益效果：The present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、本发明所设计的排种器是通过电机提供动力，驱动凸轮运作后在凸轮和弹簧的作用下带动推杆在推杆槽中做往复滑动而实现移动板块的移动，并使得移动板块形成往复移动，其中，移动板块的移动过程中，排种口与出种口出现连通，即凸轮每旋转一周，出种口和排种口连通一次，其相互连通时种子经过排种管排出。另外，所述排种管一端做成倾斜的漏斗形，另一端做成细长管状，即排种管做成倾斜的漏斗形的一端设有倾斜角，能够方便种子过度，减轻种子损伤，还可以防止卡种，再者，利用本发明行走时的振动，也可以进一步降低卡种的几率。此排种方式对种子产生的压力小，种子排出过程依靠自由下落，不会对其形成挤压，从而可以降低种子的损伤率，与传统的排种器相比，本发明排种均匀，种子损伤率低，通用性好，且成本较低。1. The seed metering device designed in the present invention is powered by a motor. After the drive cam operates, the push rod is driven to reciprocate and slide in the push rod groove under the action of the cam and the spring to realize the movement of the moving plate and form the moving plate. Reciprocating movement, wherein, during the movement of the moving plate, the seed outlet and the seed outlet are connected, that is, the cam is rotated once, the seed outlet and the seed outlet are connected once, and the seeds are discharged through the seed pipe when they are connected to each other. In addition, one end of the seeding pipe is made into an inclined funnel shape, and the other end is made into a slender tubular shape, that is, the end of the seeding pipe made into an inclined funnel shape is provided with an inclination angle, which can facilitate the transition of seeds and reduce seed damage. It can prevent the kind of stuck, moreover, utilize the vibration when the present invention walks, also can further reduce the probability of kind of stuck. This seeding method has little pressure on the seeds, and the seed discharge process relies on free fall without extrusion, thereby reducing the damage rate of the seeds. Compared with the traditional seed metering device, the present invention is evenly seeded and the seeds The damage rate is low, the versatility is good, and the cost is low.
2、本发明所添加的电机主要给凸轮机构提供动力，利用电机的转动使得凸轮机构运作，最终使得移动板块进行移动，实现种子的间隔排种。2. The motor added in the present invention mainly provides power to the cam mechanism, and the rotation of the motor is used to make the cam mechanism operate, and finally the moving plate is moved to realize the interval seeding of seeds.
3、本发明所添加的调速器用于调节电机的频率，从而可以调节排种的周期，进而控制排种间距，使得排种均匀，因此，本发明可通过改变电机频率来改变凸轮旋转频率，即可以灵活的改变排种器的工作状态。3. The speed governor added in the present invention is used to adjust the frequency of the motor, thereby adjusting the seeding cycle, and then controlling the seeding distance to make the seeding even. Therefore, the present invention can change the cam rotation frequency by changing the motor frequency, That is, the working state of the seed meter can be changed flexibly.
4、本发明所设计的移动板块与连接件直接为可拆卸连接，即可以轻松将移动板块取出，再根据种子的尺寸大小选择合适的排种口，对移动板块进行更换，所以本发明能够改变排种口的直径，从而可以用于不同种类种子的排种；同理，本发明的排种管与移动板块之间或者排种管与机架之间亦为可拆卸连接，通过更换移动板块也可以相应的更换排种管，实现种子的顺利排出。4. The mobile plate and the connector designed by the present invention are directly detachably connected, that is, the mobile plate can be easily taken out, and then a suitable seeding port is selected according to the size of the seeds to replace the mobile plate, so the present invention can change The diameter of the seed discharge port can be used for the discharge of different kinds of seeds; in the same way, it is also detachable connection between the seed discharge pipe of the present invention and the mobile plate or between the seed discharge pipe and the frame, by replacing the mobile plate The seed tube can also be replaced accordingly to realize the smooth discharge of seeds.
5、本发明整体结构简单，操作简便，实用性好，能够准确控制播种间距、排种数量，能够达到不重播、漏播以提高种子的利用率，并且也减少了种子得损伤率，从而提高了农业机械化播种作业的效率，使得农业机械化进程得到快速的发展。5. The overall structure of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, good in practicability, can accurately control the sowing distance and the number of seeds, can achieve non-reseeding and missed sowing to improve the utilization rate of seeds, and also reduce the damage rate of seeds, thereby improving Improve the efficiency of agricultural mechanized seeding operations, making the process of agricultural mechanization develop rapidly.
【附图说明】【Description of drawings】
图1是本发明一种排种器的整体结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a seed metering device of the present invention.
图2是本发明一种排种器的部分结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a seed metering device of the present invention.
图3是本发明一种排种器中弹簧处于原始长度的部分结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a partial structural diagram of the spring in the original length in a seed metering device of the present invention.
主要元件符号说明Description of main component symbols
图中：1、机架；11、排种箱支架；12、推杆槽支架；13、电机支架；14、排种管支架；2、排种箱；21、进种口；3、移动板块；31、排种口；4、排种管；5、推杆槽；6、电机；7、凸轮机构；71、凸轮；72、凸轮轴；73、轴承；8、推杆机构；81、推杆；82、滚轮；9、连接杆；10、弹簧；20、传动机构。In the figure: 1. Rack; 11. Seed box bracket; 12. Push rod groove bracket; 13. Motor bracket; 14. Seed tube bracket; 2. Seed box; 21. Seed inlet; 3. Mobile plate ; 31, seed discharge port; 4, seed discharge pipe; 5, push rod slot; 6, motor; 7, cam mechanism; 71, cam; 72, camshaft; 73, bearing; 8, push rod mechanism; 81, push Rod; 82, roller; 9, connecting rod; 10, spring; 20, transmission mechanism.
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本发明。The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings.
【具体实施方式】【detailed description】
请参阅图1至图2，在本发明的一种较佳实施方式中，一种排种器，包括一机架1和安装在所述机架1上的一排种箱2、一移动板块3、一排种管4、一推杆槽5、一推杆机构8、一凸轮机构7、一弹簧10和一电机6。所述排种器中，排种箱2的底部开设有出种口，在本实施方式中，所述排种箱2呈漏斗型结构，其上开设有进种口21，所述进种口21开设在排种箱2的上部，出种口开设在排种箱2的底部，便于种子排出出种口；所述排种箱2的内平面呈漏斗状且平整光滑，有利于减少种子所受到的压力，并且也有利于种子顺利掉落出出种口外。Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 2, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a kind of seed metering device comprises a frame 1 and a seed box 2 installed on the frame 1, a moving plate 3, a row of seed tubes 4, a push rod groove 5, a push rod mechanism 8, a cam mechanism 7, a spring 10 and a motor 6. In the seed metering device, a seed outlet is provided at the bottom of the seed metering box 2. In this embodiment, the seed metering box 2 is a funnel-shaped structure, and a seed inlet 21 is provided on it. The seed inlet 21 is provided on the top of the seed-discharging box 2, and the seed outlet is opened at the bottom of the seed-discharging box 2, so that the seeds are discharged from the seed outlet; The pressure received is also conducive to the smooth dropping of the seeds out of the seed opening.
所述移动板块3滑动安装在排种箱2底部，并覆盖所述出种口，所述移动板块3上还开设有排种口31；进一步地，所述出种口的尺寸大小大于排种口31的尺寸大小，所述排种口31的尺寸大小比种子的尺寸大小大1-2毫米，此设置能够提高种子排出出种口再排出排种口31的概率。所述排种管4连接在移动板块3的底部上，并且排种口31与出种口连通；在另一实施方式中，所述排种管4安装在机架1上，所述排种管4与机架1通过排种管支架14连接，并且排种管4能够通过排种口31与出种口连通。所述排种管4与移动板块3连接的一端或者排种口31靠近移动板块3的一端呈倾斜的漏斗形结构，另一端呈细长管状结构，此设置能够方便种子从排种口31落出到排种管4中，能够减轻种子损伤，还可以防止卡种。优选的，所述排种管4与移动板块3为可拆卸连接或者所述排种管4与机架1为可拆卸连接，方便更换所述排种管4。The moving plate 3 is slidably installed on the bottom of the seed box 2, and covers the seed outlet, and the moving plate 3 is also provided with a seed outlet 31; further, the size of the seed outlet is larger than that of the seed outlet. The size of the mouth 31, the size of the seed discharge port 31 is 1-2 mm larger than the size of the seeds, this setting can improve the probability that the seeds are discharged from the seed discharge port 31 and then discharged from the seed discharge port 31. The seed pipe 4 is connected to the bottom of the moving plate 3, and the seed outlet 31 communicates with the seed outlet; in another embodiment, the seed pipe 4 is installed on the frame 1, and the seed The pipe 4 is connected to the frame 1 through the seed pipe bracket 14 , and the seed pipe 4 can communicate with the seed outlet through the seed outlet 31 . One end of the seed pipe 4 connected to the moving plate 3 or the end of the seed opening 31 close to the moving plate 3 is an inclined funnel-shaped structure, and the other end is in a slender tubular structure. This arrangement can facilitate the dropping of seeds from the seed opening 31 Out into the seed pipe 4, the damage to the seeds can be reduced, and the seeds can also be prevented from being stuck. Preferably, the seed pipe 4 is detachably connected to the moving plate 3 or the seed pipe 4 is detachably connected to the frame 1, so that the seed pipe 4 can be easily replaced.
所述推杆槽5设置在移动板块3的下方；所述推杆机构8包括推杆81和滚轮82，所述推杆81滑动安装在推杆槽5中，推杆81通过连接杆9与移动板块3连接，优选的，所述连接杆9与移动板块3之间为可拆卸连接，即可以轻松将移动板块3从排种器中取出，再根据种子的尺寸大小选择合适的排种口31，再对移动板块3进行更换。推杆81的一端延伸出推杆槽5外通过滚轮82与凸轮机构7连接，在本实施方式中，凸轮机构7包括凸轮71、凸轮轴72和轴承73，所凸轮机构7中的轴承73与机架1固定连接，所述凸轮轴72穿过轴承73及凸轮71的轴心孔，并且所述凸轮轴72与轴承73旋转连接，与凸轮71固定连接，从而得到一完整的凸轮机构7。所述滚轮82与凸轮71的凸轮面滚动连接，从而实现将推杆81与凸轮机构7连接起来。The push rod groove 5 is arranged below the moving plate 3; the push rod mechanism 8 includes a push rod 81 and a roller 82, and the push rod 81 is slidably installed in the push rod groove 5, and the push rod 81 is connected to the push rod 9 through the connecting rod 9. The mobile plate 3 is connected, preferably, the connecting rod 9 and the mobile plate 3 are detachably connected, that is, the mobile plate 3 can be easily taken out from the seed metering device, and then a suitable seeding port can be selected according to the size of the seeds 31, and then the mobile plate 3 is replaced. One end of the push rod 81 extends out of the push rod groove 5 and is connected with the cam mechanism 7 through a roller 82. In the present embodiment, the cam mechanism 7 includes a cam 71, a camshaft 72 and a bearing 73, and the bearing 73 in the cam mechanism 7 is connected to the cam mechanism 7. The frame 1 is fixedly connected, the camshaft 72 passes through the shaft center hole of the bearing 73 and the cam 71, and the camshaft 72 is rotatably connected with the bearing 73, and is fixedly connected with the cam 71, thereby obtaining a complete cam mechanism 7. The roller 82 is rollingly connected with the cam surface of the cam 71 , so as to realize the connection between the push rod 81 and the cam mechanism 7 .
请参阅图3，所述弹簧10两端分别连接推杆槽5和推杆81；在本实施方式中，所述弹簧10套接在延伸出推杆槽5部分的处于推杆槽5和滚轮82之间的推杆81上，并且弹簧10的两端分别与推杆槽5和推杆81连接。Please refer to Fig. 3, the two ends of the spring 10 are respectively connected to the push rod groove 5 and the push rod 81; 82 between the push rod 81, and the two ends of the spring 10 are respectively connected with the push rod groove 5 and the push rod 81.
所述凸轮机构7连接电机6，即所述凸轮轴72的一端与电机6输出端连接，所述电机6带动凸轮机构7运作。一种排种器还包括传动机构20和调速器，所述传动机构20为链传动机构和带传动机构中的一种；在本实施方式中，所述凸轮轴72的一端通过链传动机构与电机6输出端传动连接，电机6带动链传动机构转动后，链传动机构即带动凸轮轴72转动；所述调速器与电机6连接，所述调速器用于调节电机6的频率，从而可以调节排种的周期，进而控制排种间距，使得排种均匀。The cam mechanism 7 is connected to the motor 6, that is, one end of the camshaft 72 is connected to the output end of the motor 6, and the motor 6 drives the cam mechanism 7 to operate. A seed metering device also includes a transmission mechanism 20 and a governor, and the transmission mechanism 20 is one of a chain transmission mechanism and a belt transmission mechanism; in this embodiment, one end of the camshaft 72 passes through the chain transmission mechanism Connected with the motor 6 output end transmission, after the motor 6 drives the chain drive mechanism to rotate, the chain drive mechanism promptly drives the camshaft 72 to rotate; the speed governor is connected with the motor 6, and the speed governor is used to adjust the frequency of the motor 6, thereby The cycle of seeding can be adjusted, and then the spacing of seeding can be controlled to make the seeding even.
在本实施方式中，所述电机6带动凸轮机构7运作时，当凸轮71尖端面相对的面与滚轮82抵接时，此时，弹簧10为原始长度，无压缩量与伸长量；当凸轮71尖端面与滚轮82抵接时，弹簧10具有压缩量；即，凸轮71每旋转一周，弹簧10进行压缩一次，推杆81即做一次往复运动，推杆81即带动移动板块3进行一次往复移动。In this embodiment, when the motor 6 drives the cam mechanism 7 to operate, when the surface opposite to the tip of the cam 71 abuts against the roller 82, the spring 10 is at its original length without compression or elongation; When the tip surface of the cam 71 abuts against the roller 82, the spring 10 has a compression amount; that is, every time the cam 71 rotates one revolution, the spring 10 is compressed once, and the push rod 81 makes a reciprocating motion, and the push rod 81 drives the moving plate 3 once reciprocating movement.
在本发明中，电机6驱动凸轮机构7运作，最终能够带动移动板块3做往复移动，即，移动板块3的移动方向为排种口31沿直线远离出种口移动的方向和排种口31沿直线靠近出种口移动的方向，使得移动板块3形成往复移动。需要说明的是，当移动板块3移动至排种口31不与出种口连通时，移动板块3的平面能够挡住出种口，防止种子从出种口中掉落；当移动板块3移动至排种口31与出种口连通时，种子将从出种口掉落至排种口31处，以达到排种的目的。In the present invention, the motor 6 drives the cam mechanism 7 to operate, and finally can drive the moving plate 3 to reciprocate. Along the direction of moving close to the seed outlet in a straight line, the moving plate 3 forms a reciprocating movement. It should be noted that when the moving plate 3 moves to the seed outlet 31 and is not connected with the seed outlet, the plane of the mobile plate 3 can block the seed outlet to prevent the seeds from falling from the seed outlet; When the seed port 31 communicates with the seed outlet, the seeds will drop from the seed outlet to the seed discharge port 31 to achieve the purpose of seed discharge.
综上所述，本发明的工作原理为：以电机6作为动力，电机6的转动驱动凸轮轴72转动，从而使得凸轮71转动，此时，弹簧10与所述凸轮机构7共同驱动推杆81在推杆槽5内往复运动，所述推杆81带动移动板块3相对排种箱2底部往复移动，在所述移动板块3往复移动过程中，所述出种口被移动板块3覆合或者与排种口31连通，在排种口31和出种口连通时，排种箱2里的固定数量的种子在重力的作用下落到排种管4中，经排种管4引导实现排种。In summary, the working principle of the present invention is: with the motor 6 as the power, the rotation of the motor 6 drives the camshaft 72 to rotate, so that the cam 71 rotates. At this time, the spring 10 and the cam mechanism 7 jointly drive the push rod 81 Reciprocating in the push rod groove 5, the push rod 81 drives the moving plate 3 to reciprocate relative to the bottom of the seed box 2, and during the reciprocating movement of the moving plate 3, the seed outlet is covered by the moving plate 3 or It is connected with the seed discharge port 31. When the seed discharge port 31 is connected with the seed discharge port, a fixed amount of seeds in the seed discharge box 2 will fall into the seed discharge pipe 4 under the action of gravity, and be guided by the seed discharge pipe 4 to realize the seed discharge. .
还需要说明的是，本发明中的一种排种器，所述机架1呈矩形支架结构，其上设有排种箱支架11、推杆槽支架12和电机支架13，在本实施方式中，所述排种箱支架11设置在机架1顶部，推杆槽支架12设置在机架1中部，电机支架13设置在机架1底部；并且，所述排种箱支架11由两支撑杆构成，两根所述支撑杆相互平行地固定在机架1的顶部，所述排种箱支架11用于支撑排种箱2；所述推杆槽支架12由四支撑杆构成，四根所述支撑杆围绕所述机架1设置，并将机架1在竖直方向上的相邻支架进行连接，所述推杆槽支架12所在面与排种箱支架11所在面平行；所述电机支架13由两支撑杆构成，两根所述支撑杆相互平行地固定在机架1的底部，所述电机支架13用于支撑电机6。It should also be noted that, for a kind of seed metering device in the present invention, the frame 1 is a rectangular support structure, on which a seed metering box support 11, a push rod groove support 12 and a motor support 13 are arranged. Among them, the seed box bracket 11 is arranged on the top of the frame 1, the push rod groove bracket 12 is arranged on the middle part of the frame 1, and the motor bracket 13 is arranged on the bottom of the frame 1; and, the seed box bracket 11 is supported by two The two support rods are fixed on the top of the frame 1 parallel to each other, and the seed box support 11 is used to support the seed box 2; the push rod slot support 12 is composed of four support bars, four Described support rod is arranged around described frame 1, and frame 1 is connected in the adjacent support on vertical direction, and described push rod groove support 12 place is parallel with the plane of seed box support 11 place; The motor support 13 is composed of two support rods, and the two support rods are fixed on the bottom of the frame 1 parallel to each other, and the motor support 13 is used to support the motor 6 .
本发明结构简单、方便制作、操作简便、实用性好、利于推广，适用于农业播种机械领域。通过对凸轮机构7及电机6的设置，并结合物理知识及科技知识，制成了排种稳定、均匀，播种量可以控制，种子损伤率较低的排种器。本发明中所述移动板块3和连接杆9之间能够进行拆卸，即，通过更换移动板块3能改变排种口31的直径，从而可以用于不同种类种子的排种；所述排种管4亦可根据移动板块3的拆卸进行拆卸更换。所述调速器能够通过改变电机6频率来改变凸轮71旋转频率，即可以灵活的改变排种器的工作状态，本发明能够准确控制播种间距、排种数量，能够达到不重播、漏播以提高种子的利用率，并且也减少了种子得损伤率，从而提高了农业机械化播种作业的效率，使得农业机械化进程得到快速的发展。The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient manufacture, simple and convenient operation, good practicability and favorable popularization, and is suitable for the field of agricultural seeding machinery. Through the setting of the cam mechanism 7 and the motor 6, combined with the knowledge of physics and science and technology, a seed metering device with stable and uniform seeding, controllable seeding rate and low seed damage rate is manufactured. In the present invention, the moving plate 3 and the connecting rod 9 can be disassembled, that is, the diameter of the seed opening 31 can be changed by replacing the moving plate 3, so that it can be used for seeding of different types of seeds; the seeding pipe 4. It can also be disassembled and replaced according to the removal of the mobile plate 3. The speed governor can change the rotation frequency of the cam 71 by changing the frequency of the motor 6, that is, it can flexibly change the working state of the seed meter. The present invention can accurately control the sowing distance and the number of seeds, and can achieve non-reseeding, missed sowing and so on. Improve the utilization rate of seeds, and also reduce the damage rate of seeds, thereby improving the efficiency of agricultural mechanized sowing operations, and making the process of agricultural mechanization develop rapidly.
上述说明是针对本发明较佳可行实施例的详细说明，但实施例并非用以限定本发明的专利申请范围，凡本发明所提示的技术精神下所完成的同等变化或修饰变更，均应属于本发明所涵盖专利范围。The above description is a detailed description of the preferred feasible embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not used to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications completed under the technical spirit suggested by the present invention shall belong to The scope of patents covered by the present invention.
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Application publication date: 20170606 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |