CN105103736B - push rod seed meter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a push rod type seed metering device, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The seed metering device includes a frame, a seed box, a driving mechanism installed on the frame, and a seeding mechanism; the seed box is fixed above the frame, and the bottom of the seed box is provided with a seeding hole; the driving mechanism includes a motor , a driving gear, a driven gear, a cam, a camshaft, a bearing, and a bearing seat meshing with each other; An agricultural seeder includes the push rod type seed metering device of the present invention, and also includes traveling wheels, connecting rods, handles, brackets, openers and pressing wheels. The seed metering device designed by the invention has a simple and compact structure, is convenient to manufacture and install, has stable and uniform seed metering, can control the seeding rate, and has a low seed damage rate, and can be widely used in agricultural production.

Description

push rod seed meter

【Technical field】

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a push rod type seed metering device.

【Background technique】

There are many kinds of seed metering devices. The existing seed metering devices include groove wheel type, nail wheel type, spoon type, impeller type, centrifugal type, air suction type, finger clip type, etc. Although there are various types, the general requirements for seed metering devices are the same, namely: stable sowing rate, uniform seeding, no damage to seeds, good versatility, wide range of sowing rate adjustment, convenient and reliable adjustment, etc. However, the current seed metering devices cannot fully meet these requirements. For example, although the outer grooved wheel type seed metering device has good stability, it has pulsation phenomenon, which will damage the seeds and reduce the utilization rate of seeds, while the inner grooved wheel type basically does not damage the seeds. Seeds also have no pulsation phenomenon, and the uniformity is good, but the transmission mechanism is complicated and the stability is poor. Another example is the air-suction seed metering device, which has good versatility, does not have strict requirements on the size and shape of the seeds, does not need to strictly classify the seeds, and can increase the seeding speed, but the rotating seed metering disc cooperates with the immobile vacuum chamber. The airtight requirements are high, the mechanism is complex, easy to wear, and the damage is serious, and the energy consumption of the fan is also large. Moreover, the disassembly of the existing seed metering device is cumbersome, and the seed metering device cannot be flexibly changed to adapt to different occasions. Therefore, it is difficult for the above-mentioned seed meter to be widely used.

【Content of invention】

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a push rod type seed meter and an agricultural seeder using the seed meter in view of the above-mentioned problems. The seed meter designed by the present invention is simple and compact in structure, easy to manufacture and install, Moreover, the seed arrangement is stable and uniform, the sowing rate can be controlled, and the seed damage rate is low, so it can be widely used in agricultural production.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

Push rod type seed metering device, including frame, seed box, driving mechanism and seed metering mechanism installed on the frame;

The seed box is fixed above the frame, and the bottom of the seed box is provided with a seeding hole;

The driving mechanism includes a motor, a driving gear meshing with each other, a driven gear, a camshaft, a cam, and a bearing seat; wherein, the driving gear and the motor, and the driven gear and the camshaft are respectively connected by keys ;A bearing is provided at both ends of the cam, and the bearing is fixed on the bearing seat and connected with the camshaft through a key; the bearing seat is installed on the frame;

The seed-discharging mechanism includes a seed-discharging pipe, a seed-discharging trough, a seed-discharging pipe, and a push rod; one end of the seed-discharging pipe is detachably installed outside the bottom of the seed box and communicated with the seed-discharging hole; the seed-discharging The slot is located directly below the seed tube; the push rod is horizontally arranged between the cam and the seed trough, and the end of the push rod close to the cam is covered with a spring; one end of the spring is fixed to the end of the push rod, The other end is in contact with a limit stopper; the limit stopper is fixed on the frame for blocking the movement of the spring; a seed drop opening is provided on the seeding trough in the pushing direction of the push rod; the The seed pipe is fixed under the frame, below the seed groove and connected to the seed drop port.

Further, the diameter of the seed guide tube is 0.1-2 mm larger than the transverse width of the seeds to be sown, and the distance between the seed discharge groove and the seed guide tube is the longitudinal length of the seeds to be sown. The size is so limited that the seeds can be arranged one by one on the seed guide pipe from the seed box one by one, and one seed falls in the seed discharge groove, and the push rod can only push one seed to the seed drop opening at a time, ensuring that the seeds are discharged The amount of seed is stable, no replay, no missed broadcast.

The present invention also provides an agricultural seeder utilizing the above push rod type seed metering device. The agricultural seeder includes the above push rod type seed metering device, and also includes a traveling wheel, a connecting rod, a handle, a bracket, a ditch opener and a pressing wheel. The traveling wheel is arranged at the front end of the frame, and an inclined connecting rod is arranged on both sides of the traveling wheel, and a handle is provided at the end of the connecting rod, and the bracket is supported between the connecting rod and the frame, and the opener is arranged on the The front end of the seed pipe, the pressing wheel is fixed below the frame and behind the opener and the seed pipe through the fork of the pressing wheel.

Further preferably, the angle between the connecting rod and the horizontal direction is 45°-60°.

Further preferably, the agricultural seeder also includes an adjusting threaded rod for adjusting the tightness of the pressing wheel, the adjusting threaded rod is provided with a matching nut, and the adjusting threaded rod is obliquely installed on the seed pipe and the pressing wheel fork Between, the angle of inclination is 10°-60°, one end of which is fixed on the seed pipe, and the other end passes through the wheel fork of the pressing wheel.

Further preferably, the agricultural seeder further includes a motor cover covering the driving mechanism and the seed arrangement mechanism.

Further preferably, a cross is arranged in the seeding hole of the seed box.

Further preferably, the motor is a 12V AC motor.

In summary, owing to adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1. The seed metering device and the agricultural seeder of the present invention have the advantages of stable seeding quantity, no re-seeding, and missed sowing. Only one seed falls into the seeding trough each time, and only one seed falls through the seeding pipe. Into the field, thereby avoiding multiple seeds being discharged at the same time, and improving the utilization rate of seeds.

2. The seed metering device and the agricultural seeder of the present invention have the advantages of uniform seed metering and adjustable spacing. By adjusting the frequency of the motor, the seeding cycle can be adjusted, thereby controlling the seeding interval and making the seeding even.

3. The present invention has a low damage rate to seeds, and the pressure of the push rod type seed metering device on the seeds is very small, and will not form extrusion on the seeds, thereby reducing the damage rate of the seeds.

4. The present invention has good versatility. By changing the diameter of the seed guide tube, it can adapt to the seeding of different seeds.

【Description of drawings】

Fig. 1 is the functional schematic diagram of push rod type seed metering device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the functional schematic diagram of some components in the push rod type seed metering device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the functional schematic diagram of agricultural seeder of the present invention;

Among them, 1-frame, 2-kind box, 3-motor, 4-driving gear, 5-driven gear, 6-bearing, 7-cam, 8-adjusting threaded rod, 9-suppression wheel fork, 10- Suppression wheel, 11-spring, 12-limit block, 13-opener, 14-seed tube, 15-push rod, 16-seed tube, 17-seed trough, 18-seed drop inlet, 19 -walking wheel, 20-connecting rod, 21-handle, 22-support, 23-support platform, 24-motor cover.

【detailed description】

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, it is the functional schematic diagram of the push rod type seed metering device of the present invention, and its concrete structure mainly is made up of frame 1, kind box 2, the driving mechanism that is installed on the frame, the seeding mechanism.

The seed box 2 is fixed above the frame 1, and the bottom of the seed box 2 is provided with a seeding hole (not shown in the figure), and a cross is arranged in the seeding hole;

The drive mechanism includes a motor 3, a driving gear 4 meshing with each other, a driven gear 5, a cam 7, a camshaft, a bearing 6, and a bearing seat; the motor 3 is a 12V AC motor; the driving gear 4 and the motor 3 are connected by a key, from The moving gear 5 is connected with the camshaft by a key; there is a bearing 6 at both ends of the cam 7, and the bearing 6 is fixed on the bearing seat and connected with the camshaft by a key; the bearing seat is installed on the frame 1;

The seed-discharging mechanism comprises a seed-guiding pipe 16, a seed-discharging groove 17, a seed-discharging pipe 14, and a push rod 15; one end of the seed-guiding pipe 16 is installed on the outside of the bottom of the seed box 1 and is communicated with the seed-discharging hole; the seed-guiding pipe 16 is in the The installation of the seed box 1 bottom adopts detachable installation, which is convenient to change the seed guide tube 16 of different diameters, so as to be suitable for seed row of different sizes. Seed-discharging groove 17 is positioned at just below seed-guiding pipe 16; Push rod 15 is horizontally arranged between cam 7 and seed-discharging groove 17, and one end of push rod 15 near cam 7 is provided with spring 11; One end of spring 11 and push rod The end of 15 is fixed, and the other end is in contact with a limit stopper 12; the limit stopper 12 is fixed on the frame 1 for blocking the movement of the spring 11; A seed drop port 18 is provided; when the cam 7 rotates and pushes the push rod 15, the push rod 15 pushes the seeds into the seed drop port 18. The seed pipe 14 is used to discharge the seeds into the field at last. The seed pipe 14 is fixed under the frame 1, below the seed groove 17 and connected with the seed drop port 18, and falls from the seed drop port 18. The seeds that come down promptly fall into the inside of the ground by the seeding pipe 14 and realize seeding.

In order to control only discharging one seed at a time, the present invention further defines the diameter of the seed guide pipe 16 and the distance between the seed discharge groove 17 and the seed guide pipe 16, and the diameter of the seed guide pipe 16 is greater than the transverse width of the seeds to be planted by 0.1- 2mm, the distance between the seeding groove 17 and the seed guide tube 16 is the longitudinal length of the seeds to be planted. It should be noted that, for spherical seeds, such as rape seeds, pea seeds, etc., both the lateral width and the longitudinal length refer to the diameter of the seed. The size is so limited that the seeds can be arranged one by one from the seed box on the seed guide tube 16, and finally one falls in the seed trough 17, and the push rod 15 can only push out one seed at a time until the seed falls Port 18, to ensure the stability of the amount of seeding, no replay, no missed sowing.

When the push rod type seed metering device of the present invention is in use, seeds are poured into the seed box 2, the seeds are arranged in sequence in the seed guide tube 16, and the first dropped seed falls on the seed metering groove 17; the motor 3 is turned on Drive the driving gear 4 to rotate, thereby driving the driven gear 5 and the cam 7 to rotate, the cam 7 goes from the minimum stroke to the maximum stroke, pushes the push rod 15 to move forward, and pushes the seeds in the seed trough 17 into the seed drop port 18 to realize Seeds are discharged, and at the same time, the spring 11 covered by the push rod 15 is blocked by the limit stopper 12 to be compressed, the cam 7 continues to rotate, the spring 11 drives the push rod 15 to go back, and the next seed falls into the seed trough 17 Repeatedly, uniform seeding can be achieved. By controlling the operating frequency of the motor 3 and thereby controlling the rotation frequency of the cam 7, the seeding interval can be controlled to realize the control of the seed spacing.

As shown in Figure 3, it is an agricultural seeder utilizing the above-mentioned push rod type seed metering device. Device 13 and suppressing wheel 10, walking wheel 19 is arranged on the front end of described frame 1, and the two sides of walking wheel 19 are respectively provided with an inclined connecting rod 20, and the included angle of connecting rod 20 and horizontal direction is 45 °-60 °, connects The end of the rod 20 is provided with a handle 21, the bracket 22 is supported between the connecting rod 20 and the frame 1, the opener 13 is arranged at the front end of the seed pipe 14, and the pressing wheel 10 is fixed on the frame 1 through the pressing wheel fork 9 Below and behind the openers 1 and the seed pipe 14 .

In addition, the agricultural seeder also includes an adjusting threaded rod 8 for adjusting the tightness of the pressing wheel 10. The adjusting threaded rod 8 is provided with a matching nut. Between the wheel fork 9, the angle of inclination is 10 °-60 °, and one end thereof is fixed on the seed pipe 14, and the other end passes through the wheel fork 9 of the pressing wheel.

Further preferably, the agricultural seeder also includes a motor cover 24 covering the driving mechanism and the seeding mechanism, and the motor cover 24 is provided with a support block 23 for supporting the seed box 2, so that the seed box 2 is installed more stably .

When this agricultural seeder is in use, the walking wheel 19 is manually pushed to walk, and the ditch opener 13 digs a ditch for sowing on the field, and the seeds discharged by the seed metering device 14 fall into the ditch opened by the ditch opener 13 in advance. In the groove, the soil is compacted through the pressing wheel 10 to realize sowing. The pressing degree of the pressing wheel 10 can be realized by adjusting the nut on the adjusting threaded rod 8 .

The above description is a detailed description of the preferred feasible embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not used to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications completed under the technical spirit suggested by the present invention shall belong to The scope of patents covered by the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The push rod type seed metering device includes a frame (1), a seed box (2), a drive mechanism and a seed metering mechanism installed on the frame (1), and is characterized in that: The seed box (2) is fixed above the frame (1), and the bottom of the seed box (2) is provided with a seed hole; Described drive mechanism comprises electric motor (3), the driving gear (4), driven gear (5) of mutual meshing, cam (7), camshaft, bearing (6), bearing seat; Wherein, described driving gear (4) ) and the motor (3), and between the driven gear (5) and the camshaft are respectively connected by keys; a bearing (6) is respectively provided at both ends of the cam (7), so that The bearing (6) is fixed on the bearing seat and is connected with the camshaft by a key; the bearing seat is installed on the frame (1); The seed-discharging mechanism comprises a seed-guiding pipe (16), a seed-discharging trough (17), a seed-discharging pipe (14), a push rod (15); one end of the seed-guiding pipe (16) is detachably mounted on the The bottom outside of the seed box (2) is connected with the seed hole; the seed groove (17) is located directly below the seed pipe (16); the push rod (15) is horizontally located on the Between the cam (7) and the seeding trough (17), a spring (11) is sheathed at one end of the push rod (15) close to the cam (7); one end of the spring (11) is connected to the The end of said push rod (15) is fixed, and the other end is in contact with a stopper (12); said stopper (12) is fixed on said frame (1) for blocking said spring ( 11) move; on the described seeding trough (17), be provided with seed drop opening (18) on the pushing out direction of push rod (15); Described seeding pipe (14) is fixed on described frame (1 ) below, below the seed trough (17) and connected to the seed drop port (18). 2. The push rod type seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the seed guide pipe (16) is 0.1-2mm larger than the lateral width of the seeds to be sown, and the seed metering groove (17) is connected to the The distance between the seed guide tubes (16) is the longitudinal length of the seeds to be planted. 3. An agricultural seeder utilizing the push rod type seed metering device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: it also includes road wheels (19), connecting rods (20), handles (21), brackets (22 ), ditch opener (13) and suppression wheel (10); described road wheel (19) is arranged on the front end of described frame (1), and road wheel (19) both sides are provided with inclined connecting rod (20), The end of the connecting rod (20) is provided with a handle (21), the bracket (22) is supported between the connecting rod (20) and the frame (1), and the opener (13) Set at the front end of the seeding pipe (14), the pressing wheel (10) is fixed below the frame (1) through the pressing wheel fork (9) and is located between the opener (13) and the seeding tube (14) rear. 4. The agricultural seeder according to claim 3, characterized in that: the angle between the connecting rod (20) and the horizontal direction is 45°-60°. 5. The agricultural seeder according to claim 3, characterized in that: the seeder also includes an adjusting threaded rod (8) for adjusting the tightness of the pressing wheel (10), and the adjusting threaded rod (8) is provided with a The matching nut; the adjusting threaded rod (8) is obliquely installed between the seed pipe (14) and the pressure wheel fork (9), and the angle with the horizontal direction is 10°-60°, and one end is fixed On the seed pipe (14), the other end passes through the wheel fork (9) of the pressing wheel. 6. The agricultural seeder according to claim 3, characterized in that: the seeder further comprises a motor cover (24) covering the driving mechanism and the seed arrangement mechanism. 7. The agricultural seeder according to claim 3, characterized in that: a cross is arranged in the seeding hole of the seed box.