CN107155457B - A precision seeding device for large-particle seeds by air suction and slipping - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an air-suction type precision seeding device for large-particle seeds, which comprises a frame body, a seed box device, a seed suction device, a seed slipping device and the like. The seed box devices located on both sides of the frame body are used to add or reseed the seed slipping device, the seed sucking device is located in the middle of the frame body, and the seed slipping device is located on both sides of the seed sucking device. The invention has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, low manufacturing cost, uniform and stable sowing, low seed damage rate, and high efficiency. It can effectively prevent the suction nozzle from being blocked during the sowing process. The nozzle is suitable for sowing various types of large-grained seeds.

Description

A precision seeding device for large-particle seeds by air suction and slipping

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of precision sowing machinery, and in particular relates to a precision sowing device for air-suction and slipping of large-particle seeds.

Background technique

In the process of agricultural production, sowing is an important basic link. The sowing device is the main means to realize mechanized precision sowing technology, and its performance directly affects the quality of sowing and the growth status and yield of crops. As the country attaches great importance to the mechanized sowing technology in the agricultural field, higher requirements are put forward for the quality and efficiency of sowing. At present, most of the existing large-particle seed sowing devices on the Chinese market use purely mechanical sowing, which is difficult to effectively control the sowing accuracy, and the damage rate to seeds is relatively high, and it is difficult to sow large-particle seeds. The letter is to study a precision seeding device with high seeding precision, low missed seeding rate, good uniformity, and no damage to the seeds, so as to meet the needs of the market.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects, and provide a precision seeding device for large-grain seeds with air-suction and sliding type, which has uniform and stable seeding, high working efficiency and wide application range.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions.

A precision seeding device for large-particle seeds by air suction and slipping includes a frame body, a seed box device, a seed slipping device, and a seed suction device. The frame body includes a frame, a control unit, a bracket, and an H-shaped bracket. The control unit is connected to one side of the frame by screws. There are four brackets, which are connected to both sides of the frame by bolts. There are two H-shaped brackets, which are connected to the sides of the frame by bolts. Both sides; There are two described seed box devices, which include a seed adding box, a strip baffle plate, a vertical guide rod, an electromagnet, a spring one, a first transmission device, and a seed rolling brush. The box is connected to the bracket by bolts, and one side is provided with a discharge port, the strip baffle is located outside the discharge port, and the vertical guide rod is fixedly connected to both ends of the strip baffle, The vertical guide rods are installed on both sides of the seed adding box to form a moving pair. The electromagnet is connected to the seed adding box by screws, and it is located above the discharge port. The spring is set on the vertical guide rod The upper end of which is fixedly connected to the seed feeding box. The first transmission device includes a driven pulley, a belt, a first motor, and a driving pulley. The driven pulley is connected to the seed rolling brush through a key. One end of it is connected with the driving pulley through a belt, the first motor is connected to the frame through bolts, the driving pulley is connected to the output shaft of the first motor through a key, and the seed roller The brush is installed on the seed adding box through the bearing seat; there are two seed sliding devices, which are installed on the frame body; the seed sucking device includes a suction nozzle, a straight cylinder, a fourth transmission device, positive and negative Air supply device, guide pin frame, and spring two. The suction nozzles have two rows, each row is seven, which are connected to the two sides of the straight cylinder by threads, and the straight cylinder is connected to the two sides by bolts. On the H-shaped support of the frame body, the fourth transmission device includes a second cylinder, a strip connecting plate, a circular guide rod, and a circular guide block, and the second cylinder is connected to the straight cylinder by bolts. Above, the strip-shaped connecting plate is connected to one end of the piston rod of the second cylinder through threads, and there are two circular guide rods, which are welded at both ends of the strip-shaped connecting plate. There are four blocks, which are fixedly connected to the two ends of the circular guide rod, and the circular guide block is installed in the guide groove on the needle guide plate to form a moving pair with it. The positive and negative pressure air supply device includes an air pump, a reversing Valve, air intake pipe, the air pump is connected above the straight cylinder by bolts, the reversing valve is connected above the straight cylinder by screws, the air inlet on one side of the reversing valve and the positive pressure end of the air pump It is connected to the negative pressure end. One end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the air outlet of the reversing valve, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the straight barrel. There are two needle guide frames, which include needle guide plates , circular rods, guide pins, the guide pin plate is provided with two guide grooves, the circular rods are threaded on the guide pin plate, and one end of each circular rod is welded with three circular symmetry A guide pin, the guide pin is worn on the suction nozzle, the two springs are set on the round rod of the guide needle frame, one end is fixed on the inner wall of the straight cylinder, and the other end is fixed on the guide pin pin guide plate.

The described seed slipping device comprises a slipping seed tray, a second transmission device, a third transmission device, an inoculation tray, a seed pipe, and an air vibrator, and the described slipping seed tray includes an inoculation box and a seed slipping trough, and the described inoculation One side of the box is provided with a seed hole, and the seed hole is in one-to-one correspondence with the seed slot. The seed slot is connected to the inoculation box by screws, and the seed slot is connected to the third transmission device through a hinge. On the driven platform; the second transmission device includes a first cylinder, a first transmission rod, a second transmission rod, a slide block, and a third transmission rod, and the first cylinder is connected to the third transmission device by bolts. On the driven platform, the first transmission rod is threadedly connected to one end of the piston rod of the first cylinder, one end of the second transmission rod is connected to one end of the first transmission rod through a hinge, and the other end is connected to the first transmission rod through a hinge. On the seed trough of the seed tray, the slider is installed on the second transmission rod to form a moving pair with it. One end of the third transmission rod is connected to the slider by a hinge, and the other end is connected by a hinge. On the driven platform of the third transmission device; the third transmission device includes a second motor, a driving gear, a driven gear, a driven gear shaft, a driven connecting rod, and a driven platform, and the second motor Connected to the frame by bolts, the driving gear is connected to the output shaft of the second motor through a key, the driving gear and the driven gear keep meshing, and the driven gear is connected to the driven gear shaft through a key, The driven gear shaft is installed on the frame through the bearing seat, and there are eight driven connecting rods, one end of four driven connecting rods is connected to both sides of the driven platform through a hinge, and the other end The two ends of the driven gear shaft are connected by threads, and one end of the other four driven connecting rods is connected to both sides of the driven platform by a hinge, and the other end is connected to the frame by a hinge; the inoculation tray is connected by screws On the frame; the seed outlet tube is connected to the frame through screws, and the seed outlet tube is located at the lower end of the inoculation tray; the air vibrator is connected under the seed trough of the seed tray through screws.

When in use, the user first pours the seeds into the seed adding box, then starts the first motor and powers off the electromagnet through the control unit, and drives the driving pulley installed on the output shaft of the first motor to be installed on the seed delivery roller brush The driven pulley rotates, and the seed rolling brush rolls the seeds to the discharge port during the rotation; at this time, because the electromagnet is in a power-off state, the strip baffle moves down to the discharge port under the action of the spring force. Below the feeding port, the seeds fall into the inoculation box. When the addition of seeds is completed, the control unit closes the first motor and energizes the electromagnet, and the electromagnet holds the bar-shaped baffle, so that the bar-shaped baffle blocks the discharge port. The first cylinder and the air vibrator are activated by the control unit. When the piston rod of the first cylinder is extended, the first transmission rod drives the second transmission rod to move, so that the seed coil rotates upwards from the driven platform. The seeds enter the seed chute through the seed chute, and the seeds in the chute move downward under the vibration of the air vibrator; at this time, the air pump is started by the control unit, and the straight cylinder is in a negative pressure state through the reversing valve , the suction nozzle with negative pressure is in contact with the seeds, absorbing the jumping seeds in the seed chute to realize seed suction; the second motor is started by the control unit, and the driving gear installed on the output shaft of the second motor drives the driven gear installed on the driven The driven gear on the gear shaft rotates, and driven by the driven connecting rod, the driven platform moves to both sides, so that the seed disc is far away from the suction nozzle. Then, the reversing valve is controlled by the control unit, so that the inside of the straight cylinder is in a positive pressure state, and the seeds in the suction nozzle fall into the middle inoculation tray under the action of gravity; The second cylinder, when the piston rod of the second cylinder is in the extended state, transmits the motion to the circular guide block through the strip connecting plate and the circular guide rod, so that the guide needle on the guide needle frame extends out of the suction nozzle to realize cleaning Debris in the suction nozzle; because the inoculation tray is in a tilted state, the seeds slide down to the seed tube to achieve sowing. When the piston rod of the first cylinder is in the telescopic state, the seed coil is rotated downward by the driven platform, so that the seeds accumulated at the lower end of the seed trough slide down into the inoculation box; in the telescopic state of the piston rod of the second cylinder, the needle guide Reset under the elastic force of spring two. The second motor and the first cylinder are controlled by the control unit to reset the seed disc, and continue to realize periodic seed suction and seed clearing.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention can overcome the technical defects of the existing large-particle seed sowing device, and can realize precise sowing of different types of large-particle seeds; the present invention is simple and convenient in operation, low in manufacturing cost, uniform and stable in seeding, and can effectively It prevents the seed suction holes from being blocked during sowing, reduces the rate of voids and multi-seeds, ensures the integrity of the seeds, and is suitable for large-scale promotion.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the seed box device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of slipping kind device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of slipping seed tray of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the second transmission device of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the seed suction device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and illustrations.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, a kind of precision seeding device for large-particle seeds air-suction slipping type includes a frame body 1, a seed box device 2, a seed slipping device 3, and a seed sucking device 4 , the frame body 1 includes a frame 11, a control unit 12, a bracket 13, and an H-shaped bracket 14. The control unit 12 is connected to one side of the frame 11 by screws, and the bracket 13 has four , which are connected to both sides of the frame 11 by bolts, and there are two H-shaped brackets 14, which are connected to both sides of the frame 11 by bolts; there are two seed box devices 2, which include adding Seed box 21, strip baffle plate 22, vertical guide rod 23, electromagnet 24, spring one 25, first transmission device 26, seed rolling brush 27, described seed adding box 21 is connected on the support 13 by bolts , and one side thereof is provided with a discharge port 211, the strip baffle 22 is located on the outside of the discharge port 211, and the vertical guide rod 23 is fixedly connected to both ends of the strip baffle 22, vertically The guide rod 23 is installed on both sides of the seed adding box 21, and forms a moving pair with it. The electromagnet 24 is connected to the seed adding box 21 by screws, and it is located above the discharge port 211. The spring one 25 is sleeved on the On the vertical guide rod 23, its upper end is fixedly connected on the seeding box 21, and the first transmission device 26 includes a driven pulley 261, a belt 262, a first motor 263, and a driving pulley 264. The driving pulley 261 is connected to one end of the seed rolling brush 27 by a key, and it is connected with the driving pulley 264 by a belt 262. The first motor 263 is connected to the frame 11 by bolts, and the driving pulley 264 Connected on the output shaft of the first motor 263 by a key, the described seed feeding roller brush 27 is installed on the seed adding box 21 through the bearing seat; Above; the described suction device 4 includes a suction nozzle 41, a straight cylinder 42, a fourth transmission device 43, a positive and negative pressure air supply device 44, a needle guide frame 45, and a spring two 46, and the described suction nozzle 41 has two There are seven rows in each row, which are screwed on both sides of the straight cylinder 42, the straight cylinder 42 is connected to the H-shaped bracket 14 of the frame body 1 by bolts, and the fourth transmission The device 43 includes a second cylinder 431, a strip connecting plate 432, a circular guide rod 433, and a circular guide block 434. The second cylinder 431 is connected above the straight cylinder 42 by bolts, and the strip connection Plate 432 is connected to one end of the piston rod of second cylinder 431 by thread, and described circular guide rod 433 has two, and it is welded on the two ends of strip connecting plate 432, and described circular guide block 434 has four One, which is fixedly connected to the two ends of the circular guide rod 433, the circular guide block 434 is installed in the upper guide groove 4511 of the needle guide plate 451, and forms a moving pair with it. The positive and negative pressure air supply device 44 includes an air pump 441 , reversing valve 442, intake pipe 443, the air pump 441 is connected to the top of the straight cylinder 42 by bolts, the reversing valve 442 is connected to the top of the straight cylinder 42 by screws, one side of the reversing valve 442 air intake with The positive pressure end of the air pump 441 is connected to the negative pressure end, and one end of the air inlet pipe 443 is connected to the air outlet of the reversing valve 442, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the straight cylinder 42. The needle guide frame 45 has two, and it comprises needle guide plate 451, circular rod 452, guide pin 453, and described needle guide plate 451 is provided with two guide grooves 4511, and described circular rod 452 is connected to guide pin by thread On the plate 451, three guide pins 453 are welded with circumferential symmetry on one end of each circular rod 452, and the guide pins 453 are passed through the suction nozzle 41, and the spring two 46 is sleeved on the circle of the guide pin frame 45. On the shape bar 452, one end thereof is fixedly connected on the inner wall of the straight tube 42, and the other end is fixedly connected on the needle guide plate 451 of the needle guide frame 45.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, described seed slipping device 3 comprises slipping seed tray 31, the second transmission device 32, the third transmission device 33, inoculation tray 34, seed outlet pipe 35, air Vibrator 36, described seed slip tray 31 includes inoculation box 311 and seed slip groove 312, described inoculation box 311 is provided with slip seed hole 3111 on one side, slip seed hole 3111 and slip seed groove 312 form one by one Correspondingly, the described seed runner 312 is connected to the inoculation box 311 by screws, and the seed runner 312 is connected to the driven platform 336 of the third transmission device 33 by a hinge; the second transmission device 32 includes the first Cylinder 321, first transmission rod 322, second transmission rod 323, slide block 324, third transmission rod 325, described first cylinder 321 is connected on the driven platform 336 of the third transmission device 33 by bolt, described The first transmission rod 322 is connected to one end of the piston rod of the first cylinder 321 by threads, one end of the second transmission rod 323 is connected to one end of the first transmission rod 322 by a hinge, and the other end is connected to the sliding type by a hinge. On the seed trough 312 of the disc 31, the slider 324 is installed on the second transmission rod 323 to form a moving pair with it. One end of the third transmission rod 325 is connected to the slider 324 by a hinge, and the other end Connected on the driven platform 336 of the third transmission device 33 by a hinge; the third transmission device 33 includes a second motor 331, a driving gear 332, a driven gear 333, a driven gear shaft 334, and a driven connecting rod 335 , driven platform 336, described second motor 331 is connected on the frame 11 by bolt, described driving gear 332 is connected on the output shaft of second motor 331 by key, driving gear 332 and driven gear 333 keep meshing, the driven gear 333 is connected to the driven gear shaft 334 through a key, and the driven gear shaft 334 is installed on the frame 11 through a bearing seat, and there are eight driven connecting rods 335, Wherein one end of four driven connecting rods 335 is connected to the both sides of driven platform 336 by hinge, and the other end is connected to the two ends of driven gear shaft 334 by thread, and one end of other four driven connecting rods 335 is connected by hinge. Connected to both sides of the driven platform 336, the other end is connected to the frame 11 by a hinge; the inoculation tray 34 is connected to the frame 11 by screws; the seed tube 35 is connected to the frame 11 by screws Above, the seed tube 35 is located at the lower end of the inoculation tray 34; the air vibrator 36 is connected below the seed chute 312 of the seed tray 31 by screws.

During use, the user first pours the seeds into the seed adding box 21, then starts the first motor 263 and powers off the electromagnet 24 through the control unit 12, and the driving pulley 264 installed on the output shaft of the first motor 263 drives the installation The driven pulley 261 on the seed rolling brush 27 rotates, and the seed rolling brush 27 rolls the seeds to the discharge port 211 in the process of rotation; 22 moves down to below the discharge port 211 under the elastic force of spring one 25, so that the seeds fall into the inoculation box 311. When adding the seeds, the control unit 12 closes the first motor 263 and energizes the electromagnet 24, and the electromagnet 24 sucks the bar-shaped baffle 22, so that the bar-shaped baffle 22 blocks the discharge port 211. The first cylinder 321 and the air vibrator 36 are activated by the control unit 12, and when the piston rod of the first cylinder 321 is extended, the first transmission rod 322 drives the second transmission rod 323 to move, so that the seed disc 31 is driven upwards The platform 336 rotates, and the seeds in the inoculation box 311 enter the seed chute 312 through the seed chute 3111, and the seeds in the chute 312 bounce downward under the vibration of the air vibrator 36; at this time, the control unit 12 starts The air pump 441 makes the inside of the straight cylinder 42 in a negative pressure state through the reversing valve 442, and the suction nozzle 41 with the negative pressure contacts with the seeds, and absorbs the jumping seeds in the seed chute 312 to realize seed suction; through the control unit 12 Start the second motor 331, the driving gear 332 installed on the output shaft of the second motor 331 drives the driven gear 333 installed on the driven gear shaft 334 to rotate, and driven by the driven connecting rod 335, the driven platform 336 moves to both sides. side movement, so that the seed tray 31 is away from the suction nozzle 41. Then, the reversing valve 442 is controlled by the control unit 12, so that the inside of the straight cylinder 42 is in a positive pressure state, and the seeds in the suction nozzle 41 fall into the middle inoculation tray 34 under the action of gravity; The second cylinder 431 on the straight cylinder 42, under the extended state of the piston rod of the second cylinder 431, transmits the motion to the circular guide block 434 through the strip connecting plate 432 and the circular guide rod 433, so that the guide pin The guide pin 453 on the frame 45 stretches out the suction nozzle 41 to realize cleaning up the sundries in the suction nozzle 41; because the inoculation tray 34 is in an inclined state, the seeds slide down to the seed outlet pipe 35 to realize sowing. Under the telescopic state of the piston rod of the first cylinder 321, the seed slip disc 31 rotates around the driven platform 336 downward, so that the seeds accumulated in the lower end of the seed slip trough 312 slide down into the inoculation box 311; In the telescopic state, the needle guide frame 45 resets under the elastic force of the spring 2 46 . The second motor 331 and the first cylinder 321 are controlled by the control unit 12 to reset the seed tray 31 and continue to realize periodic seed suction and clearing.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of bulky grain seed aspiration slips kind of a formula precision seed metering device, it is characterised in that: including Rack Body, kind case apparatus, slip Kind device inhales kind of a device, and the Rack Body includes rack, control unit, bracket, H-type bracket, and the control unit passes through Screw is connected to the side of rack, and there are four the brackets, is bolted in the two sides of rack, the H-type branch There are two framves, is bolted in the two sides of rack；There are two the kind case apparatus comprising adds plants case, bar shaped gear Plate, vertical guide rod, electromagnet, spring one, the first transmission device, defeated kind of round brush, described plus plants case, which is bolted, is propping up On frame, and one side is equipped with discharge port, and the strip-shaped baffle is located at the outside of discharge port, and the vertical guide rod is connected in item The both ends of shape baffle, vertical guide rod is mounted on plus the two sides of plants case, formed prismatic pair, and the electromagnet is connected by screw It connects on adding plants case, is located above discharge port, the spring is a set of on vertical guide rod, and the upper end is connected in plus plants case On, first transmission device includes driven pulley, belt, first motor, driving pulley, and the driven pulley passes through key It is connected to one end of defeated kind of round brush, is connect with driving pulley by belt, the first motor is bolted in machine On frame, the driving pulley is connected by key on the output shaft of first motor, and the defeated kind of round brush is pacified by bearing block Mounted in adding in plants case；Described slips there are two kind of devices, is mounted on Rack Body；The suction kind device includes suction nozzle, straight Shape cylinder, the 4th transmission device, positive/negative-pressure feeder, guide pin frame, spring two, the suction nozzle have two rows, and every row is seven, It is threadedly attached on the two sides of straight cylinder, the straight cylinder is bolted on the H-type bracket of Rack Body, institute The 4th transmission device stated includes the second cylinder, strip connecting plate, round guide rod, round guide block, and second cylinder passes through It is bolted to the top of straight cylinder, the strip connecting plate is threadedly attached in one end of the piston rod of the second cylinder, There are two the round guide rods, is welded on the both ends of strip connecting plate, and there are four the round guide blocks, is connected in circle The both ends of shape guide rod, round guide block are mounted in guide board upper guide groove, formed prismatic pair, the positive/negative-pressure feeder Including air pump, reversal valve, air inlet pipe, the air pump is bolted in the top of straight cylinder, and the reversal valve passes through Screw is connected to the top of straight cylinder, the air inlet of reversal valve side and the positive pressure side of air pump and negative press bond, it is described into One end of tracheae is connected on the gas outlet of reversal valve, and the other end is connected on the air inlet of straight cylinder, and the guide pin frame has Two comprising guide board, circular pin, guide pin are set on the guide board there are two guide groove, and the circular pin passes through screw thread It being connected on guide board, at circumference balanced welding, then three guide pins, the guide pin are through on suction nozzle on each circular pin one end, Described two sets of spring are on the circular pin of guide pin frame, and one end is connected on the inner wall of straight cylinder, and the other end is connected in guide pin On the guide board of frame.

2. a kind of bulky grain seed aspiration according to claim 1 slips kind of a formula precision seed metering device, it is characterised in that: described Slip kind of device include slip discharge plate, the second transmission device, third transmission device, inoculation disk, seed output pipe, pneumatic vibrator, it is described Discharge plate of slipping include inoculation box and slip kind of a slot, the one side of the inoculation box, which is equipped with, slips kind of a hole, slip kind of hole with slip kind of slot at It corresponds, kind of the slot that slips is connected by screw on inoculation box, and is slipped kind of a slot and be connected by a hinge in third transmission dress On the slave moving platform set；Second transmission device includes the first cylinder, the first drive rod, the second drive rod, sliding block, third Drive rod, first cylinder are bolted on the slave moving platform of third transmission device, first drive rod It is threadedly attached in one end of the piston rod of the first cylinder, one end of second drive rod is connected by a hinge first One end of drive rod, the other end, which is connected by a hinge, is slipping the slipping on kind of slot of discharge plate, and the sliding block is mounted on the second drive rod On, one end of formed prismatic pair, the third drive rod is connected by a hinge on sliding block, and the other end is connected by hinge It connects on the slave moving platform of third transmission device；The third transmission device includes the second motor, driving gear, driven tooth Wheel, driven gear shaft, follower link, from moving platform, second motor is bolted on the rack, the active Gear is connected by key on the output shaft of the second motor, and driving gear is engaged with driven gear holding, the driven gear It is connected by key on driven gear shaft, the driven gear shaft is mounted on the rack by bearing block, the driven company Bar has eight, wherein one end of four follower links is connected by a hinge in the two sides from moving platform, the other end passes through screw thread The both ends of driven gear shaft are connected to, one end of four additional follower link is connected by a hinge in the two sides from moving platform, separately One end is connected by a hinge on the rack；The inoculation disk is connected by screw on the rack；The seed output pipe passes through spiral shell On the rack, seed output pipe is located at the lower end of inoculation disk for nail connection；The pneumatic vibrator, which is connected by screw to, is slipping discharge plate Slip the lower section of kind of slot.