CN106769576A - A kind of method and its device for simulating the crop stalk stream soil erosion - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for simulating crop stalk flow soil erosion. During the simulation, water in a water supply subsystem (3) is injected into a connector (5) of a water quantity adjustment subsystem (15) through a water supply pipe (19) ); the water in the upper part of the connector (5) flows into the stalk flow simulator (9) of the stalk flow soil erosion simulation subsystem (16) through the runoff pipe (17), and the water in the lower part flows back to the stalk flow simulator (9) through the return pipe (18) The water supply subsystem (3) is recycled; the water flow entering the stem flow simulator (9) flows down evenly along the wooden sticks (20) below it, and enters the collecting tank (14) below the soil slope (13) to form a simulated stalk flow soil erosion, and then record data and calculate; the technical solution of the present invention can simulate the state of plant stalk flow in the laboratory, thereby calculating the runoff and soil erosion through experimental methods, which is useful for the study of stalk flow soil erosion function to help.

Description

A method and device for simulating crop stalk flow soil erosion

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of stalk flow measurement, and in particular relates to a method and a device for simulating crop stalk flow soil erosion.

Background technique

In nature, when the rainfall reaches the plant canopy, a part of the precipitation is intercepted by the plant canopy and flows into the ground along with the stalks to form stalk flow. The stalk flow has a scouring effect on the surface soil, causing soil erosion in a certain range around the plant. Therefore, it is very necessary to establish a device for simulating plant stalk flow under the condition of simplified plant canopy interception, so as to provide assistance for the study of stalk flow soil erosion.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and device for horizontally arranging and simulating soil erosion of crop stalk flow, so as to provide assistance for studying soil erosion of stalk flow.

Technical scheme of the present invention is such:

The present invention is such a method for simulating crop stalk flow soil erosion, which adopts a plant stalk flow simulation experimental device, and the experimental device includes a water supply subsystem, a water volume regulation subsystem and a stalk flow soil erosion simulation subsystem; The method comprises the steps of:

Step 1: Inject the water in the water supply subsystem into the connector of the water volume adjustment subsystem through the water supply pipe, and ensure that the water continuously flows into the connector; the connector uses two buckets, one large and one small, to divide the water flow into upper and lower parts. The water in the upper part flows into the stalk flow simulator of the stalk flow soil erosion simulation subsystem through the runoff pipe, and the water in the lower part returns to the water supply subsystem through the return pipe for recycling;

Step 2: The water flowing into the stem flow simulator flows down evenly along the wooden stick below it, and enters the collecting tank below the soil slope. After the water flow is stable, read the flow through the flow meter on the runoff pipe and record the data;

Step 3: Use a collector to receive the runoff and sediment formed after the water flows through the sump, then take out the collector and number it; bring the water and sediment in the collector back to the laboratory;

Step 4: In the laboratory, use a balance to weigh the water and sand samples in the collector, record it as T1, and then put the water and sand samples in the oven for continuous drying for 24 hours; after the samples are dried, take the samples out of the oven and place them indoors , after the temperature reaches room temperature, weigh the sample with a balance, and record it as T2;

Step 5: Calculate runoff and soil erosion, wherein, runoff=T1-T2; soil erosion=T2-collector tare;

Step 6: By changing the runoff and repeating steps 2 and 3, soil erosion under different levels of stalk flow can be simulated.

A plant stalk flow simulation experimental device adopted in the present invention is as follows: the experimental device includes a water supply subsystem, a water volume regulation subsystem and a stalk flow soil erosion simulation subsystem;

The water supply subsystem is provided with a water pump;

The water volume adjustment subsystem includes a connector, which includes two buckets, one large and one small, the small bucket is placed in the large bucket, and the small bucket is provided with a water outlet for water to flow from it to the large bucket;

The stalk flow soil erosion simulation subsystem includes a stalk flow simulator, the bottom of the stalk flow simulator is connected to a wooden stick by a nail, and the bottom end of the wooden stick is inserted into a soil erosion tank, and the soil erosion tank is simulated A U-shaped trough is set on the soil slope, and a collecting tank for collecting water and sand samples is arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped trough.

The water pump is connected to the water volume regulating subsystem through a water supply pipe, and the bottom end of the water supply pipe is located on the keg in the connector of the water volume regulating subsystem.

In the connecting device, the upper part of the small bucket is lower than the upper part of the large bucket, and the bottom of the small bucket is suspended in the large bucket; the connecting device sends water outward through two faucets, and the upper faucet fixes the small bucket to the inner wall of one side of the large bucket and communicates The small bucket and the runoff pipe, the lower faucet is located under the bucket bottom of the small bucket, and communicates with the large bucket and the return pipe.

The runoff pipe is provided with a regulating valve and a flow meter.

The end of the return line is connected back into the water supply subsystem.

On the top of the wooden stick, a runoff controller is installed, and the runoff controller is used to guide the water flowing out of the water volume regulating subsystem to the wooden stick to generate stalk flow.

The technical scheme of the invention can simulate the state of plant stalk flow in a laboratory, thereby calculating runoff and soil erosion through an experimental method, and providing help for studying the effect of stalk flow on soil erosion.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the plant stalk flow simulation experiment device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the analysis of soil erosion simulation results of stalk flow according to the present invention: comparison of surface runoff under different stalk flow conditions.

Fig. 3 is the analysis of soil erosion simulation results of stalk flow in the present invention: comparison of soil erosion under different stalk flow conditions.

Description of reference signs: 1-power cord, 2-water pump, 3-water supply subsystem, 4-water outlet, 5-communicator, 6-extensible support, 7-regulating valve, 8-flow meter, 9-stalk Flow simulator, 10-nail, 11-runoff controller, 12-U-shaped trough, 13-soil slope, 14-collection tank, 15-water volume regulation subsystem, 16-stalk flow soil erosion simulation subsystem, 17 -Runoff pipe, 18-return pipe, 19-water supply pipe, 20-wooden stick.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Example 1:

The structure of the plant stalk flow soil erosion simulation device of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 . It can be seen from the figure that the device mainly includes a water supply subsystem 3 , a water volume regulation subsystem 15 and a stalk flow soil erosion simulation subsystem 16 . Discuss separately below.

(1) Water supply subsystem 3: provides water for the operation of the device, and is composed of a water storage container and water 2, and the water pump 2 is connected to the power supply through the power line 1.

(2) Water volume regulation subsystem 15: This system is mainly composed of a connector 5 and a telescopic bracket 6 below it. This system can provide different levels of stable water flow for the stalk flow soil erosion simulation subsystem 16. Wherein, the connector 15 is made up of two buckets, one large and one small, the keg is put into the vat, and the top of the keg is lower than the top of the vat, so that the water in the keg can flow into the vat through the water outlet 4 after it is full, and the vat A faucet can be placed on the side near the bottom, the faucet is connected to the return pipe 18, and the return pipe 18 is connected back to the water storage container of the water supply subsystem 3. The inner wall of the small bucket close to the large bucket is fixed with a faucet (be careful not to leak water), and the upper part of the small bucket (higher than the faucet) can be drilled on the small bucket with a wire to connect with the large bucket to increase the stability of the small bucket and fix the small bucket. The water tap of bucket is connected with runoff pipe 17, and regulating valve 7 and flow meter 8 are connected on the runoff pipe 17.

(3) Stalk flow soil erosion simulation subsystem 16: This system consists of stalk flow simulation components and soil erosion tanks. The stalk flow simulation component includes a cylindrical stalk flow simulator 9 and a stem below it, which are connected by nails 10, wherein the stalk is made of a 1-3cm in diameter and 1-3m in length. Wooden stick 20 (parameters that can be selected according to the simulated plant type). On the top of the wooden stick 20, a runoff controller 11 is installed to introduce the water from the water volume regulating system into the stalk device to generate the stalk flow. Stalk flow can be measured by flow meter 8 . A U-shaped groove 12 is designed at the bottom of the soil erosion groove, and the U-shaped groove 12 is arranged on the soil slope 13. Before the soil erosion groove is filled, the bottom of the stick 20 is fixed in the soil erosion groove. Below the U-shaped groove 12 is a collecting tank 14, which is used to collect water and sand samples with a collector.

The specific implementation is as follows:

(1) Inject the water in the water supply subsystem 3 into the connector 5, and ensure that the water continues to flow into it. The water in the faucet on the upper part of the connector 5 flows into the stalk flow soil erosion simulation subsystem 15 through the plastic pipe, and the lower part The water returned to the water supply system through plastic pipes can be recycled.

(2) Put the plastic pipe on the upper part of the connector 5 on the upper part of the stalk flow soil erosion simulation subsystem 15, and fix it to ensure that the water flows down evenly along the wooden stick 20 smoothly. After 2-3 minutes, when the water flow is basically stable, read the flow through the flow meter 8 and record the data.

(3) Use a collector to receive the runoff and sediment formed by the collecting tank 14 in the stalk flow soil erosion simulation subsystem 15. After 6 minutes, take out the collector and number it. One hour is a group. Take the water and sediment in the collector back to the laboratory, first weigh the sample with a balance (accuracy 0.001g), record it as T1, and then place the water and sand sample in an oven for continuous drying for 24 hours (the oven is at a constant temperature of 100°C). After the sample is dried, take the sample out of the oven and place it indoors. After the temperature reaches room temperature, weigh the sample with a balance (accuracy: 0.001g), and record it as T2. Calculate runoff and soil erosion. Among them, runoff = T1-T2; soil erosion = T2-collector tare.

(4) By changing the runoff and repeating steps 2 and 3, soil erosion under different levels of stalk flow can be simulated.

Experimental results: Applying this technology, a simulation study of corn stalk flow soil erosion was carried out, and the experimental measurement data are shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3. It can be seen from the figure that under different flow rates, the amount of runoff erosion and soil erosion produced are obviously different, which proves that this method can be used to simulate plant stalk flow soil erosion.

Certainly, the above are only specific application examples of the present invention, and there are other implementation modes in the present invention, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation all fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a method for simulating crop stalk flow soil erosion, is characterized in that: it adopts a kind of plant stalk flow simulation experimental device, and this experimental device comprises water supply subsystem (4), water quantity regulation subsystem (15) and stalk A stalk flow soil erosion simulation subsystem (16); the method includes the following steps: Step 1: Inject the water in the water supply subsystem (3) into the connector (5) of the water volume regulation subsystem (15) through the water supply pipe (19), and ensure that the water continuously flows into the connector (5); the connector ( 5) Two buckets, one large and one small, are used to divide the water flow into upper and lower parts. The water in the upper part flows into the stem flow simulator (9) of the stem flow soil erosion simulation subsystem (16) through the runoff pipe (17). The water returns to the water supply subsystem (3) through the return pipe (18) for recycling; Step 2: The water flowing into the stem flow simulator (9) flows down evenly along the wooden stick (20) below it, enters the collecting tank (14) below the soil slope (13), and passes through the runoff pipe after the water flow is stable The flowmeter (8) on (17) reads flow, and record data; Step 3: Use the collector to receive the runoff and sediment formed after the water flows through the sump (14), then take out the collector and number it; bring the water and sediment in the collector back to the laboratory; Step 4: In the laboratory, use a balance to weigh the water and sand samples in the collector, record it as T1, and then put the water and sand samples in the oven for continuous drying for 24 hours; after the samples are dried, take the samples out of the oven and place them indoors , after the temperature reaches room temperature, weigh the sample with a balance, and record it as T2; Step 5: Calculate runoff and soil erosion, wherein, runoff=T1-T2; soil erosion=T2-collector tare; Step 6: By changing the runoff and repeating steps 2 and 3, soil erosion under different levels of stalk flow can be simulated. 2. A plant stalk flow simulation experimental device, characterized in that: the experimental device includes a water supply subsystem (4), a water volume regulation subsystem (15) and a stalk flow soil erosion simulation subsystem (16); The water supply subsystem (4) is provided with a water pump (2); The water volume adjustment subsystem (15) includes a connector (5), and the connector (5) includes two buckets, one large and one small, the keg is placed in the big bucket, and the small bucket is provided with a water flow from it to the big bucket. The water outlet (4); The stalk flow soil erosion simulation subsystem (16) comprises a stalk flow simulator (9), the bottom of the stalk flow simulator (9) is connected to a wooden stick (20) by a nail (10), and the wooden stick (20 ) is inserted into the soil erosion groove, and the soil erosion groove is a U-shaped groove (12) provided on the simulated soil slope (13), and the bottom of the U-shaped groove (12) is provided with a Collector for samples (14). 3. The plant stalk flow simulation experiment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the water pump (2) is connected to the water volume regulation subsystem (15) through the water supply pipe (19), and the bottom of the water supply pipe (19) The end is positioned on the keg in the connector (5) of the water volume regulating subsystem (15). 4. The plant stalk flow simulation experiment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the connector (5), the upper part of the keg is lower than the upper part of the vat, and the bottom of the keg is suspended in the vat; (5) Send water outward through two faucets. The upper faucet connects the small bucket to the inner wall of one side of the large bucket and connects the small bucket and the runoff pipe (17). The lower faucet is located under the bottom of the small bucket and connects the large bucket and the return flow tube (18). 5. The plant stalk flow simulation experiment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the runoff pipe (17) is provided with a regulating valve (7) and a flow meter (8). 6. The plant stalk flow simulation experiment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the end of the return pipe (18) is connected back to the water supply subsystem (3). 7. The plant stalk flow simulation experiment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: a runoff controller (11) is installed on the top of the stick (20), and the runoff controller (11) is used to Water from the water volume regulation subsystem (15) is directed onto sticks (20) to generate stalk flow.