CN107238563A - It is a kind of to determine head many native ring soil permeability detection means and its measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a constant water head multi-soil ring soil penetration detection device and a measurement method thereof, comprising: a water supply bottle; a water supply horizontal pipe; a plurality of water outlet pipes; a ring knife; a beaker; and a detection device. Further includes a buffer bottle, a funnel, and a water supply pump. A method for measuring soil infiltration disclosed by the present invention comprises the following steps: S1, placing the soil to be tested with the same composition or different compositions in each ring cutter; S2, placing the water outlet ends of each water outlet pipe in each soil to be tested S3, use the water supply bottle to supply water to each water outlet pipe at the same time; S4, use the detection device to detect the water volume in each beaker; S5, get the input of each soil to be tested by the water volume in the beaker within the specified time permeability. When the invention is implemented, the permeability detection of the same or different soil columns can be carried out at the same time, greatly improving work efficiency, saving time and labor costs, and improving experiment accuracy.

Description

A constant water head multi-soil ring soil penetration detection device and its measurement method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of farmland water balance measurement. More specifically, it relates to a constant water head multi-earth soil penetration device and a measurement method thereof.

Background technique

Soil water infiltration is the physical phenomenon of water infiltrating into the soil, expressed by the infiltration depth per unit time, that is, the infiltration intensity or infiltration rate, or expressed by the cumulative infiltration curve over time. Soil water infiltration is closely related to the entry of precipitation and irrigation water into the soil and its storage in the soil. When the infiltration rate is low, the water infiltrated into the soil is low, resulting in stagnant water and waterlogging; or the water that is too late to infiltrate flows away along the surface and takes away the soil, causing problems such as water and soil erosion. When the infiltration rate is too high, it is not conducive to soil water retention, and it will also have adverse effects on some water conservancy facilities. Therefore, farmland irrigation, farmland water conservancy project construction and soil erosion observation all need to pay attention to the problem of soil water infiltration.

At present, there are many methods for measuring soil water infiltration in the field, such as single-ring infiltration meter, double-ring infiltration meter, tension infiltration meter, etc., all of which are driven by a certain water head to measure the water conductivity of the soil under saturated conditions. . The ring knife method is often used to measure soil infiltration indoors. The ring knife is used to collect the undisturbed soil column, give the undisturbed soil column a constant water head, and observe the infiltration rate. This method is relatively simple, but generally requires multiple replicates. Taking care of multiple ring knives at the same time is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Using the method of artificial water supply requires continuous water addition, often neglecting the other, delaying the experimental records, increasing the experimental error, and not being able to test the permeability of different soil columns at the same time.

Contents of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a soil penetration detection device with constant water head and multiple soil rings, which can detect the permeability of the same or different soil columns at the same time, thereby greatly improving work efficiency, saving time and labor costs, Improve the accuracy of experiments.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a soil permeability measurement method with multiple soil rings at a constant water head. The method is simple to operate and can simultaneously detect the permeability of the same or different soil columns.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The present invention provides a constant water head multiple soil ring soil penetration detection device, the soil penetration detection device includes:

A water supply bottle; a water supply horizontal pipe communicated with the water supply bottle; a number of water outlet pipes connected to the water supply horizontal pipe; a ring knife positioned under each water outlet pipe to accommodate the soil to be measured; a beaker positioned under each ring knife ; And a number of detection devices corresponding to each beaker for detecting the permeability of the soil to be measured.

Preferably, the soil penetration detection device further includes a buffer bottle located between the water supply bottle and the water supply horizontal pipe, and the buffer bottle is connected to the water supply bottle and the water supply horizontal pipe through flexible hoses.

Preferably, the soil penetration detection device further includes a funnel connected to the bottom of the ring knife.

Preferably, the soil penetration detection device further includes a water supply pump communicated with the water supply bottle through a hose.

Preferably, the detection device includes a gravity sensing timer or an infrared sensing timer.

More preferably, the sensor of the gravity sensing timer is a rotary screen sensor, the diameter of the mesh is slightly smaller than the diameter of the water drop in the water outlet pipe, and the timer is fixed on the side of the rotary screen. The gravity sensing timer can also be located at the bottom of the beaker to sense the weight change of the beaker.

The present invention also provides a method for measuring soil infiltration, comprising the following steps:

S1. Place the soil to be tested with the same composition or different compositions in each ring cutter;

S2. The water outlet ends of each water outlet pipe are respectively placed in the ring knife space on each soil to be tested;

S3. Use the water supply bottle to supply water to each water outlet pipe, and the water supply bottle mainly plays a role in controlling the water head height in the osmosis process;

S4. Use the detection device to sense the water volume change of each seepage water;

S5. By calculating the water volume in the cup per unit time, the infiltration rate of each soil to be tested is obtained.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

The invention provides a constant water head multi-soil ring soil seepage rate measuring device and a measuring method thereof. During implementation, it can continuously and stably supply water to multiple identical or different soil columns to be tested at the same time, greatly improving work efficiency, saving time and labor costs, and improving the accuracy of experiments. The buffer bottle can provide a large water head for the water supply horizontal pipe. At the same time, under the surface tension of the water and the action of the siphon, the water supply horizontal pipe can be filled with water quickly. The water outlet pipes can generate continuous water flow almost at the same time, thus ensuring continuous water supply. Under the control of the water head of the water supply bottle, a steady water flow of the same water head is provided for each soil column to be tested. The measurement method provided by the invention greatly improves the work efficiency of the soil infiltration observation experiment; by using the method of detecting the change of the amount of seepage water, the amount of seepage water can be regularly judged and the infiltration rate of each soil can be calculated. The workload of manual recording is reduced, and semi-automatic measurement is realized. To a certain extent, it has liberated the labor force and improved the observation accuracy.

Description of drawings

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a kind of schematic diagram of constant water head multi-soil ring soil penetration detection device;

Fig. 2 shows the flow chart of Fig. 1 soil detection device measuring method;

Reference signs: 1-water supply bottle, 2-water inlet, 3-air outlet, 4-water outlet, 5-buffer bottle, 6-water inlet, 7-water outlet, 8-water bottle bracket, 9-water supply horizontal pipe, 91-water supply branch pipe, 11-ring knife bracket, 12-column, 13-funnel, 14-ring knife, 15-beaker tray, 16-beaker, 17-water supply pump, 18-air vent, 19-21 hose, 22 - detection device.

detailed description

In order to illustrate the present invention more clearly, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings. Similar parts in the figures are denoted by the same reference numerals. Those skilled in the art should understand that the content specifically described below is illustrative rather than restrictive, and should not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention provides a constant water head multi-soil ring soil penetration detection device, referring to Figure 1, the soil penetration detection device includes a water supply bottle 1; a water supply horizontal pipe 9 communicated with the water supply bottle 1; connected to the water supply horizontal Some water outlet pipes 91 on the pipe 9; Be positioned at the ring knife 14 that is used to accommodate the soil to be tested under each water outlet pipe 91; Be positioned at the beaker 16 below each ring knife 14; And some are used to detect the soil to be measured corresponding to each beaker 16 Permeability detection device 22. The invention provides a soil penetration detection device with multiple soil rings at a constant water head, which can simultaneously detect the permeability of the same or different soil columns, greatly improve work efficiency, save time and labor costs, and improve the accuracy of experiments.

In addition, in order to enable the water supply bottle to continuously and stably supply water, referring to Fig. 1, a constant water head multi-soil ring soil penetration detection device provided by the present invention may also include a buffer bottle located between the water supply bottle 1 and the water supply horizontal pipe 9 5. The buffer bottle 5 communicates with the water supply bottle 1 and the water supply horizontal pipe 9 respectively through hoses. The constant water head multiple soil ring soil penetration detection device provided by the present invention has a buffer bottle between the water supply bottle and the water supply horizontal pipe, so that the water supply can be sustained and stable, and the error of the experiment is reduced.

In addition, in order to enable the water droplets oozing from the bottom of the ring knife to be gathered and introduced into a specific container, referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a constant water head multi-soil ring soil penetration detection device which may also include a funnel 13 connected to the bottom of the ring knife 14 . In the constant water head multi-soil ring soil penetration testing device provided by the present invention, since the funnel has the function of gathering and diverting water, the water droplets seeping from the bottom of the ring knife will not splash out of the loading container.

In addition, in order to complete automatic water supply, a water supply pump can be provided. Referring to FIG. 1 , the present invention provides a constant water head multi-soil ring soil penetration detection device, which can also include a water supply pump 17 connected to the water supply bottle 1 through a hose. Since the water supply pump can continuously pump water into the water supply bottle, the operation of manually adding water is omitted, and the operation is more convenient.

In addition, in order to detect the dripping time of soil infiltration water more accurately, as shown in Figure 1, the detection device 22 of a constant water head multi-soil ring soil penetration detection device provided by the present invention can include a gravity induction timer or an infrared induction timer, timing The sensor is arranged corresponding to each ring knife, for example, it is arranged on the side wall of the ring knife or the bottom of the beaker. Specifically, in order to describe the effect of this scheme in detail, the present invention lists two preferred corresponding setting methods: the inductor of the gravity sensing timer is a circular mesh sensor, and the diameter of the mesh is slightly smaller than the diameter of the water droplet in the water outlet pipe. The timer is fixed on the side of the round net; the gravity sensing timer can also be located at the bottom of the beaker to sense the weight change of the beaker. It should be noted that this preferred solution is only an explanation of the present invention, and the corresponding arrangement in the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned arrangement.

In addition, the present invention also provides a soil infiltration measurement method, referring to Fig. 2, comprising the following steps:

S1. Put the same or different composition soils into the corresponding ring cutters;

S2. The water outlet ends of each water outlet pipe are respectively placed in the ring knife space on each soil to be tested;

S3. Use the water supply bottle to supply water to each water outlet pipe, and the water supply bottle mainly plays a role in controlling the water head height in the osmosis process;

S4, using the detection device to sense the water volume change of the seepage water;

S5. According to the water volume in the beaker per unit time, the infiltration rate of each soil to be tested is obtained.

Through the soil infiltration measurement method, the present invention can simultaneously perform permeability detection experiments on the same or different soil columns, greatly improving work efficiency, saving time and labor costs, and improving experiment accuracy.

In addition, in order to more clearly represent the measuring method provided by the present invention, specific operation steps are provided below:

(1) Get ready the ring cutter 14 that the circular soil column is used for experiment.

(2) Put the water supply bottle 1 and the buffer bottle 5 on the water bottle support 8, put the funnel 13 on the ring knife support 11, open the vent 18, and balance the pressure in the water supply bottle.

(3) Check that all valves are closed, and connect the water pipes.

(4) Open the air outlet 3 valve and the water inlet 2 valve on the water supply bottle 1, start the water supply pump 17, add water to the required capacity, and close the water supply pump 17.

(5) Close the valve of the water inlet 2, open the water outlet 4 valve of the water supply bottle 1 and the water inlet 6 valve on the buffer bottle 5 to supply water to the buffer bottle 5 to the required capacity (not too much, higher than the buffer bottle 5 inlet pipe about 20mm), then close the air inlet 3 valve on the water supply bottle 1.

(6) Raise the buffer bottle 5 so that its water outlet 7 is slightly higher than the water inlet of the water supply horizontal pipe 9 . Then the water supply branch pipe 91 on the water supply horizontal pipe slightly upwards, slowly open the water outlet 7 valves on the buffer bottle 5, supply water to the water supply horizontal pipe 9, drive away the air bubbles in the pipe, and be full of water.

(7) The water supply horizontal pipe 9 is placed on the column 12 of the ring knife support 11, and the beaker tray 15 is placed on the funnel 13 at the bottom of the ring knife support 11 together with the beaker 16. Raise the buffer bottle 5, then quickly open the water supply port 7 valve on the buffer bottle 5, and observe whether the water supply branch pipe 91 at the farthest end on the water supply horizontal pipe 9 can discharge water normally. If the water cannot be discharged normally, block the other four water outlets with your fingers to allow water to flow out. Then close the water supply port 7 valves on the buffer bottle, and put all ring knives 14 on the corresponding funnels 13. And insert the water supply branch pipe 91 on the water supply horizontal pipe 9 into each ring cutter 14 respectively.

(8) Place the beaker 16 on the beaker tray 15 , the position of the beaker 16 corresponds to the lower mouth of the funnel 13 .

(9) Open the water supply port 7 valves on the buffer bottle 5 to supply water to each ring cutter 14, if necessary, can directly add water to the buffer bottle 5 to ensure that each ring cutter 14 can be filled up.

(10) The first drop of water oozing out from the ring knife 14 falls into the beaker 16 connected below and starts timing, and after the set time, measure the water volume change.

(11) When it is not necessary to do five repeated experiments with ring knives, you can use a 250mL high-type beaker to hold water and place it on the funnel of the ring knife holder 11, and insert the unused water supply branch pipe 91 on the water supply horizontal pipe 9 into it. .

Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can also make It is impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation modes here, and any obvious changes or changes derived from the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of determine many native ring soil permeability detection means of head, it is characterised in that

The soil permeability detection means includes：Water supply bottle (1)；

The water supply transverse tube (9) set is connected with the water supply bottle (1)；

Some water outlets being connected on the water supply transverse tube (9) are in charge of (91)；

Being in charge of positioned at each water outlet is used for the cutting ring (14) for accommodating soil to be measured below (91)；

Beaker (16) below each cutting ring (14)；And

Some detection means (22) for being used to detect soil permeability to be measured being correspondingly arranged with each beaker (16).

2. soil permeability detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that

The soil permeability detection means further comprises the surge flask being located between the water supply bottle (1) and water supply transverse tube (9) (5), soft pipe connection is passed through respectively between the surge flask (5) and water supply bottle (1) and water supply transverse tube (9).

3. soil permeability detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the soil permeability detection means is further Funnel (13) including being connected to the cutting ring (14) bottom.

4. soil permeability detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the soil permeability detection means is further Including connecting the supply-water pump (17) set with the water supply bottle (1) by flexible pipe.

5. soil permeability detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that

The detection means (22) includes gravity sensing timer or infrared induction timer.

6. soil permeability detection means according to claim 5, it is characterised in that

The inductor of the gravity sensing timer is cylinder inductor, and mesh diameter is in charge of drop diameter, timing less than water outlet Device is fixed on cylinder side.

7. soil permeability detection means according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the gravity sensing timer is located at beaker Bottom, senses beaker weight change.

8. a kind of carry out soil permeability measuring method using the detection means as described in any one of claim 1-7 claim, its It is characterised by, comprises the following steps：

S1, the soil to be measured of identical component or heterogeneity is respectively placed in each cutting ring (14)；

S2, each water outlet are in charge of in the space that the water side of (91) is respectively placed on each soil to be measured；

S3, using water supply bottle (1) be each water outlet be in charge of (91) supply water；

S4, the water for sensing interior infiltration using detection means change；

S5, by the way that in the stipulated time, the water in beaker (16) obtains the infiltration rate of each soil to be measured.