CN106680595B - Double probe field measurement devices based on integrated light guide - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-probe electric field measuring device based on an integrated optical waveguide, which includes a laser, an M-Z type integrated optical waveguide sensor, a photoelectric conversion device, a preamplifier, a double electron probe, a data processing and transmission system and a A pair of signal electrodes in the integrated optical waveguide sensor, in which the laser is transmitted to the M-Z type integrated optical waveguide sensor through the optical fiber, and after being modulated, it is transmitted to the photoelectric conversion device by the optical fiber to be converted into an electrical signal, and then amplified and output by the preamplifier To the data processing and transmission system, one of the dual electronic probes is connected to one of the pair of signal electrodes in the M-Z integrated optical waveguide sensor through an insulating rod, and the other electronic probe is connected to the other signal electrode through an insulating rod Connection, a pair of signal electrodes are relatively arranged side by side on both sides of the optical waveguide in the M-Z integrated optical waveguide sensor.

Description

Dual-probe electric field measurement device based on integrated optical waveguide

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of space environment detection, in particular, the invention relates to a dual-probe electric field measurement device based on an integrated optical waveguide

Background technique

The electromagnetic field is the most important and common field in the universe, and it is a natural medium connecting high-altitude and underground information. Detect the electric field environment in space, and study the correlation between electric field, magnetic field and ionospheric parameter changes, which can be used for monitoring natural disasters such as earthquakes and volcanoes, and for space weather to human activities (including communication, navigation and GPS positioning, etc.) impact research. At present, there are mainly two mature methods for measuring the space electric field in the world: the double-probe electric field measurement method and the electron drift electric field measurement method. Among them, the dual-probe measurement method is simple, mature and reliable, and can work anywhere. Its measurement frequency ranges from DC to MHz. It is currently the main method for space electric field detection. Its measurement principle is shown in Figure 1. The principle of double-probe detection of electric field is to measure the potential difference between two points. The method is to extend two rods into the space, and install metal balls or metal cylinders electrically insulated from them at their respective ends as probes, that is, electric field probes. sensor. When the potentials on the two probes are consistent with the potentials of their respective surrounding plasmas, the measured potential difference between the two probes is divided by the distance between the two probes to obtain the electric field component along the rod extension direction.

However, the signal transmission path composed of the connection line, probe and output device of the above measurement method may become a source of emission, thereby causing interference to the electromagnetic field in the measured area, and the electromagnetic induction phenomenon of the space electromagnetic field in these devices will lead to serious measurement results. Deviate from the true value, in addition, the cable is used as the signal transmission path, which cannot provide a high-bandwidth path, and the frequency range of the measurement is greatly limited.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a dual-probe electric field measurement device based on an integrated optical waveguide, which applies the optical modulation technology of the integrated optical waveguide to the space electric field measurement. The integrated optical waveguide sensor has the advantages of high input impedance, fast response speed, high sensitivity, and high bandwidth. At the same time, the sensor part can realize measurement without power injection, that is, passive measurement, so that it will not interfere with the electromagnetic field in the measured area. The invention adopts a Mach-Zehnder (M-Z) type integrated light wave conduction light sensor, which has the advantages of high modulation efficiency, good temperature stability, small volume and the like. Therefore, the probe of the double probe is connected to the signal electrode of the M-Z type integrated optical waveguide, and the combination of the double probe and the integrated optical waveguide technology is expected to achieve high-sensitivity, high-bandwidth space electric field measurement capability.

The present invention has adopted following technical scheme:

Dual-probe electric field measurement device based on integrated optical waveguide, including laser, M-Z type integrated optical waveguide sensor, photoelectric conversion device, preamplifier, double electron probe, data processing and transmission system and a pair of signals inside the integrated optical waveguide Electrodes, where the laser used to generate laser light is transmitted to the M-Z type integrated optical waveguide sensor through the optical fiber, and after being modulated, it is transmitted to the photoelectric conversion device by the optical fiber to be converted into an electrical signal, and then amplified by the preamplifier and output to the data processing and transmission system , one of the double electronic probes is connected to one of a pair of signal electrodes in the M-Z type integrated optical waveguide sensor through an insulating rod, and the other electronic probe is connected to the other signal electrode through an insulating rod, and a pair of signal electrodes are relatively juxtaposed It is installed on both sides of the optical waveguide in the M-Z type integrated optical waveguide sensor. When measuring the space electric field, as the electric field around the double electron probe changes, the electromotive force between the electronic probes also changes. Modulate the integrated optical waveguide sensor to change the light intensity of the laser light passing through the integrated optical waveguide sensor. The modulated optical signal is then converted into an electrical signal by a photoelectric conversion device. This potential signal is amplified by a low-noise preamplifier and then input to the The data processing and transmission system in the cabin.

Among them, two electronic probes are placed at one end of the insulating rod, so that the two probes are separated by a certain distance, and the measured value of the electric field strength in this direction can be obtained by dividing the potential difference between the two probes by the distance between the two probes.

Among them, the dual electron probes protrude two rods into the space, and install metal balls or metal cylinders electrically insulated therewith as probes, that is, electric field sensors, at their respective ends.

Wherein, when the potentials on the two electron probes are consistent with the potentials of their respective surrounding plasmas, the measured potential difference between the two probes is divided by the distance between the two probes to obtain the electric field component along the rod extension direction.

Compared with the prior art, the dual-probe electric field measurement device based on the integrated optical waveguide of the present invention applies the integrated optical waveguide light modulation technology to the space electric field measurement, and has the following advantages: 1) The response speed of the M-Z type integrated optical waveguide is fast , High sensitivity, with great input impedance (>10GΩ), greatly improving the measurement frequency range and response speed; 2) The integrated optical waveguide sensor has fast response speed and high sensitivity, greatly improving the measurement frequency range and response speed, and has a more High bandwidth, theoretically can realize the measurement from DC to GHz; 3) Using optical fiber as the signal transmission medium, the photoelectric electromagnetic measurement equipment will not cause radiation interference to the measured electromagnetic field, and the space electromagnetic field will not interfere with the optical signal transmitted in the optical fiber ; 4) Various physical quantities can be measured, such as frequency, phase and other information, not limited to the strength of the electric field, and there is almost no distortion in the measurement of the electromagnetic field signal; 5) The sensor part can be measured without power injection, that is, no source measurement. The M-Z type interferometric integrated optical waveguide light sensor has the advantages of high modulation efficiency, good temperature stability, and small size. Therefore, the dual-probe electric field measurement device based on the M-Z type integrated optical waveguide can achieve high sensitivity and high bandwidth space electric field measurement capabilities. .

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a measuring device in a dual-probe electric field measuring method in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a probe-type electric field measuring device based on an M-Z type integrated optical waveguide.

In the figure: 1-laser, 2-optical fiber, 3-M-Z type integrated optical waveguide sensor, 4-photoelectric conversion device, 5-preamplifier, 6-electric field probe, 7-integrated optical waveguide signal electrode, 8-data processing and transmission system.

Detailed ways

The probe-type electric field measurement device based on the M-Z type integrated optical waveguide of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a probe-type electric field measurement device based on an M-Z type integrated optical waveguide. The dual-probe electric field measurement device based on the M-Z integrated optical waveguide of the present invention includes a laser 1, an M-Z integrated optical waveguide sensor 3, a photoelectric conversion device 4, a preamplifier 5, a double electronic probe 6, data processing and transmission System 8 and a pair of signal electrodes 7 located inside the integrated optical waveguide, wherein the laser 1 used to generate laser light is transmitted to the M-Z type integrated optical waveguide sensor 3 through the optical fiber 2, and then transmitted to the photoelectric conversion device 4 through the optical fiber 2 after being modulated It is converted into an electrical signal, and then amplified by a low-noise preamplifier 5 and output to a data processing and transmission system 8. One of the double electronic probes 6 passes through an insulating rod and one of a pair of signal electrodes 7 in the M-Z type integrated optical waveguide sensor 3 The other electronic probe 6 is connected to the other one of the signal electrodes 7 through an insulating rod, and a pair of signal electrodes 7 are relatively arranged side by side on both sides of the optical waveguide in the M-Z type integrated optical waveguide sensor 3 to measure the electric field in space At this time, as the electric field around the double electron probe 6 changes, the electromotive force between the electronic probes 6 also changes, and the change of the electromotive force modulates the M-Z type integrated optical waveguide sensor 3, so that the laser light passing through the integrated optical waveguide sensor 3 When the light intensity changes, the modulated optical signal is then converted into an electrical signal by the photoelectric conversion device 4. This potential signal is amplified by a low-noise preamplifier and then input to the data processing and transmission system 8 in the cabin.

Since the two probes are placed at one end of the extension rod, the two probes are separated by a certain distance, so the measured value of the electric field strength in this direction can be obtained by dividing the potential difference between the two probes by the distance between the two probes.

In the electric field detector based on the M-Z type integrated optical waveguide, the structure of the probe has a great influence on the detection performance of the electric field, so the design of the probe is very important. In order to achieve the ideal voltage measurement, the input impedance of the preamplifier circuit should be as high as possible, and the input capacitance should be as small as possible, so that the designed probe has the characteristics of wide frequency band, large dynamic range, low frequency drift and low noise, and has high Temperature adaptability and reliability.

In the data processing and transmission system, after a series of processing such as differential amplification and filter detection, the signal is converted into a digital signal by A/D and output to the telemetry transmission data bus. At the same time, waveform acquisition and spectrum analysis are performed on important bands, and Output data to the bus. The system control module is responsible for the control of the sensor probe detection and the control of the program-controlled amplifier.

Although the specific implementation of this patent has been described and illustrated in detail above, it should be pointed out that we can make various equivalent changes and modifications to the above-mentioned implementation according to the concept of the patent of the present invention, and the functions produced by it are still the same. When the spirit covered by the specification and drawings is not exceeded, it shall be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. spatial electronic field measurement double probe field measurement devices, including laser, M-Z type Integrated Light based on integrated light guide Waveguide sensor, photoelectric conversion device, preamplifier, bielectron probe, data processing and Transmission system and be located at Integrated Light A pair of of signal electrode in waveguide sensor, wherein the laser for generating laser is transferred to M-Z type Integrated Light by optical fiber Waveguide sensor is transferred to photoelectric conversion device by optical fiber after its modulation and is converted to electric signal, puts using preamplifier Big output passes through in insulating bar and M-Z type integrated optical waveguide sensor to data processing and Transmission system, one of bielectron probe The connection of one of a pair of of signal electrode, another electron probe connect by insulating bar with another in signal electrode, a pair Signal electrode opposed juxtaposition is set to the two sides of optical waveguide in M-Z type integrated optical waveguide sensor, surveys to space electric field When amount, with the variation of bielectron probe surrounding electric field, the electromotive force between electron probe also changes therewith, the variation pair of electromotive force M-Z type integrated optical waveguide sensor is modulated, and makes to change by the light intensity of integrated optical waveguide sensor laser, after modulation Optical signal pass through photoelectric conversion device again and be converted to electric signal, this electric potential signal is after the amplification of low noise preamplifier The data processing and Transmission system being input in cabin.

2. double probe field measurement devices as described in claim 1, wherein two electron probes are respectively placed in one end of insulating bar, So that two probes are separated by a certain distance, electric field strength reality can be found out divided by the distance between two probes by the potential difference of two probes Measured value.

3. double probe field measurement devices as described in claim 1, wherein bielectron probe stretches out two bars to space, each From end installation have the metal ball being electrically insulated or metal cylinder as probe i.e. electric-field sensor with it.

4. double probe field measurement devices as described in claim 1, wherein the current potential on two electron probes is respectively all with it Enclose plasma current potential it is consistent when, the potential difference measured between two probes has just obtained edge divided by the distance between two probes The electric field component in boom direction.