CN106489554A - A kind of root segment cuttage and seedling culture method of century-old raw old-age group yellow wingceltis - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of root cuttage seedling raising method of centenary aged Dalbergia, mainly comprising the following steps: (1), female root selection: dig out seed root after falling leaves in October-November, and select the root whose thickness is 2-4mm (2), storage of the mother root: the mother root is carried out to sand storage, and the first 10-20 days are placed in a thickness of 5cm and a relative humidity of 5cm. Store in 50% sandy soil, then cover with 2-3cm dry sand, spray irrigation to the upper layer of sandy soil 5-7 days before the mother root cutting; (3), mother root treatment: immediately carry out ultraviolet light after taking out the mother root from the sandy soil Irradiate for 2-3 minutes, and trim both ends into a horse-ear shape; (4), cutting: bury the pruned mother root in the substrate with the incision facing down, and the root depth is 0.5-1cm; (5), manage after cutting. The invention has great significance for the breeding of new varieties of Dalbergia, and the cutting survival rate is high.

Description

A root cutting seedling raising method of centenary old Dalbergia chinensis

technical field

The invention relates to the breeding technology of Dalbergia, in particular to a method for growing seedlings by cutting roots of centennial-aged Dalbergia.

Background technique

Dalbergia (scientific name: Dalbergia hupeana Hance), alias: I don't know spring, Wangshui sandalwood, sandalwood, sandalwood, white sandalwood; Papilionaceae, Dalbergia is an arbor plant. Bark dark gray, pinnately compound leaves, panicles, corolla lavender or white, pods oblong or broadly tongue-shaped, flowering and fruiting period from May to October.

The requirements for the growth environment are not strict, and it is a high-quality tree species for garden applications; the wood structure is fine and dense, and it is a high-quality material for making appliances and equipment with high gravity and strong pulling force. The root bark can be used medicinally, and has the effects of clearing away heat and detoxification, stopping bleeding and reducing swelling. Widely distributed throughout China.

The asexual reproduction of Dalbergia can adopt methods such as branch cutting and grafting, but because the inventor found in the breeding research experiment that the old Dalbergia branch cutting or grafting method, the survival rate is on the low side, and what is more defective is that this asexual The seedlings after reproduction and survival grow slowly and have weak vitality, so it is not suitable to carry out the next step of clone breeding research. In the collection of germplasm resources of Dalbergia chinensis breeding research, most of the resources are selected for individual trees whose age exceeds 100 years. In the study of clone breeding, root segment propagation is used. Because the root segment development is young and the cell activity is strong, Cuttings not only have a high survival rate, but also reproduce young and grow normally, which is very suitable for clonal breeding.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, provide a kind of old Dalbergia root cuttage seedling raising method with high cutting survival rate and stable seedling character, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A method for raising seedlings by root cuttings of centennial-aged Dalbergia, comprising the following steps:

(1), female root selection: dig out the seed root after falling leaves in October-November, select the root bar with a thickness of 2-4mm, and cut the root bar into 4-8cm long segments, which is the female root;

In the conventional root cutting method, roots with a thickness of 15-20 mm are mostly used as the mother root. The thicker the root diameter, the higher the content of nutrients and endogenous hormones, which is conducive to the growth of germination, but the thicker the root It means that the selection range of root strips becomes smaller, the number of qualified roots becomes smaller, and the thicker the root strips, the more unfavorable it is for rooting. Therefore, the present invention breakthroughly selects roots with smaller thickness as the mother root, On the premise of ensuring the rooting rate, the adverse effect of the small root thickness on the germination development is compensated by subsequent treatment.

(2), mother root storage: the mother root is stored in sand, and the first 10-20 days are stored in sandy soil with a thickness of 5cm and a relative humidity of 50%, and then covered with 2-3cm dry sand. For 5-7 days, spray irrigation to the upper layer of sand and adjust the humidity to 60%-70%;

Conventional mother root storage is to maintain a constant humidity all the time, and prevent root dehydration without premature germination. The present invention controls the humidity of the mother root in sand storage, and can maintain cuttings through humidity control. Vitality, and can increase the content of plant endogenous hormones to a certain extent.

(3) Mother root treatment: 2-3 months, take out the mother root from the sand and immediately irradiate it with ultraviolet light for 2-3 minutes, the irradiation dose is 350-450mW/cm ² , then trim both ends into a horse-ear shape and dip it A mixed solution of rice washing water and garlic extract;

Experiments have proved that in a short period of time, the use of appropriate doses of ultraviolet radiation is conducive to improving the survival rate of old Dalbergia cuttings. Trimming both ends of the mother root into a horse ear shape is to prepare for the next step of flat insertion. It is beneficial to increase the contact area between the mother root and rice washing water, and the contact area between the mother root and the matrix after cutting. Dip the rice washing water before cutting to promote the healing of the wound on the cut surface and accelerate the growth of the root system.

(4) Cutting: bury the pruned mother root in the matrix with the incision facing down, and the depth of the root is 0.5-1cm; the test proves that for the old Dalbergia, the survival rate of the root section is higher than that of the vertical cutting. , and the covering soil should not be too thick, too thick covering soil is not good for the rooting of cutting seedlings.

(5), management after cutting: keep the cutting nursery room under constant temperature and humidity conditions for 40 days, the constant temperature is 18-20°C, and the constant humidity is 50%-60%.

Conventional cutting seedling cultivation room often adopts a temperature of about 25°C. For the selection of tree species and mother roots of the present invention, if the seedling cultivation temperature of 25°C is still maintained, it will cause too fast germination and growth, which is not conducive to the development of roots.

Further, in the step (1), the thickness of the female root is 3 mm and the length is 5 cm. The female root of this specification has the highest survival rate when the method of the present invention is applied.

Further, the preparation method of the garlic extract in the step (3) is to take the pulverized garlic and place it in a microwave extractor, and add ethanol whose quality is 15-20 times of the garlic quality as an extractant. Microwave extraction is carried out at -95°C and microwave output power of 300W. After extraction for 3-5 minutes, filter to obtain garlic extract. The main purpose of adding garlic extract is to prevent the incision from deteriorating after dipping in rice washing water.

Further, the matrix in step (4) is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 50-60 parts of yellow heart soil, 30-40 parts of peat soil, 20-30 parts of coconut peat, and 10-20 parts of fermented bean curd residue. Fermented bean curd residue is beneficial to the formation of incision callus of the mother root, and the organic matter content is rich, which is beneficial to the accumulation of nutrients and endogenous hormones in the mother root.

Further, the matrix in step (4) is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 55 parts of yellow heart soil, 35 parts of peat soil, 25 parts of coconut bran, and 15 parts of fermented bean curd residue.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1), the breakthrough of the present invention selects the lesser root bar of thickness as mother root, under the premise of guaranteeing its rooting rate, makes up for the adverse effect that root bar thickness is little to bud growth by follow-up treatment, simultaneously, Make the selection range of the mother root larger.

(2) Differential humidity control is adopted when the mother root is stored in sand, which can maintain the vitality of the mother root.

(3) Before cutting, the mother root is treated with ultraviolet light and rice washing water, which can promote the healing of the wound on the cut surface and accelerate the growth rate of the root system.

(4) The improved cutting substrate can significantly increase the content of endogenous hormones in the mother root.

(5), adopt the cuttage seedling that the method of the present invention cultivates to be very suitable for the clone breeding of Dalbergia chinensis.

detailed description

Embodiment 1,

A method for raising seedlings by root cuttings of centennial-aged Dalbergia, comprising the following steps:

(1), female root is selected: dig out seed root after falling leaves in October-November, select the root bar that thickness is 3mm, and root bar is cut into the segment of 5cm long, is mother root;

(2), mother root storage: the mother root is carried out sand storage, first 15 days, be placed in thickness and be 5cm, store in the sandy soil of 50% relative humidity, cover with 3cm dry sand afterward, 7 days before mother root cuttage, to Spray irrigation is carried out on the upper layer of sandy soil, and the humidity is adjusted to 65%;

(3) Mother root treatment: 2-3 months, take out the mother root from the sand and immediately irradiate it with ultraviolet light for 2.5 minutes, the irradiation dose is 400mW/cm ² , then trim both ends into a horse-ear shape and dip it in rice washing water Mixed solution with garlic extract;

(4) Cutting: bury the pruned mother root in the matrix with the incision facing down, and the root depth is 0.8cm. The matrix is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 55 parts of yellow heart soil, 35 parts of peat soil, 25 parts of coconut bran and 15 parts of fermented bean curd residue.

(5), management after cutting: keep the cutting nursery room under constant temperature and humidity conditions for 40 days, the constant temperature is 18°C, and the constant humidity is 55%.

Embodiment 2,

A method for growing seedlings by root cuttings of centennial aged Dalbergia, comprising the following steps:

(1), female root is selected: after falling leaves in October-November, dig the seed root, select the root bar with a thickness of 4mm, and cut the root bar into 8cm long segments, which is the female root;

(2), mother root storage: the mother root is carried out sand storage, first 15 days, be placed in thickness and be 5cm, store in the sandy soil of 50% relative humidity, cover with 3cm dry sand afterward, 7 days before mother root cuttage, to Spray irrigation is carried out on the upper layer of sandy soil, and the humidity is adjusted to 65%;

(3) Mother root treatment: 2-3 months, take out the mother root from the sand and immediately irradiate it with ultraviolet light for 2.5 minutes, the irradiation dose is 400mW/cm ² , then trim both ends into a horse-ear shape and dip it in rice washing water Mixed solution with garlic extract;

(4) Cutting: bury the pruned mother root in the matrix with the incision facing down, and the root depth is 0.8cm. The matrix is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 55 parts of yellow heart soil, 35 parts of peat soil, 25 parts of coconut bran and 15 parts of fermented bean curd residue.

(5), management after cutting: keep the cutting nursery room under constant temperature and humidity conditions for 40 days, the constant temperature is 18°C, and the constant humidity is 55%.

Embodiment 3,

A method for raising seedlings by root cuttings of centennial-aged Dalbergia, comprising the following steps:

(1), female root is selected: dig out seed root after falling leaves in October-November, select the root bar that thickness is 3mm, and root bar is cut into the segment of 5cm long, is mother root;

(2), mother root storage: mother root is carried out sand storage, first 15 days, be placed in thickness and be 5cm, store in the sandy soil of 50% relative humidity, be covered with 2cm dry sand behind, 5 days before mother root cuttage, to Spray irrigation is carried out on the upper layer of sandy soil, and the humidity is adjusted to 70%;

(3) Mother root treatment: 2-3 months, take out the mother root from the sand and immediately irradiate it with ultraviolet rays for 2 minutes, the irradiation dose is 350mW/cm ² , then trim the two ends into a horse-ear shape, dip it in rice-washing water and A mixed solution of garlic extract;

(4), cuttage: the mother root otch that will pruning is buried flatly in the substrate downwards, and the depth of embedding is 1cm; The substrate is made up of the following compositions in parts by mass: 60 parts of yellow heart soil, 40 parts of peat soil, 30 parts of coconut bran, 20 parts of fermented bean curd residue.

(5), management after cutting: keep the cutting nursery room under constant temperature and humidity conditions for 40 days, the constant temperature is 20°C, and the constant humidity is 60%.

Comparative example 1,

A method for raising seedlings by root cuttings of centennial-aged Dalbergia, comprising the following steps:

(1), female root is selected: after falling leaves in October-November, dig out the seed root, select the root bar with a thickness of 15mm, and cut the root bar into 8cm long segments, which is the female root;

(2), mother root storage: the mother root is carried out sand storage, keeps the humidity of sandy soil at about 50% all the time;

(3), mother root treatment: two ends are trimmed into a horse-ear shape; both ends are dipped in 2000 times naphthalene acetic acid solution;

(4), cuttage: the female root cut that has been pruned is buried flatly in the matrix downwards, and the depth of embedding is 1cm; The matrix is mixed with the ratio of 3:1:1 by yellow heart soil, coir peat, and husk chaff ash;

(5), management after cutting: keep the cutting nursery room under constant temperature and humidity conditions for 40 days, the constant temperature is 18°C, and the constant humidity is 50%.

Comparative example 2,

A method for raising seedlings by root cuttings of centennial-aged Dalbergia, comprising the following steps:

(1), female root is selected: dig out seed root after falling leaves in October-November, select the root bar that thickness is 3mm, and root bar is cut into the segment of 5cm long, is mother root;

(2), mother root storage: the mother root is carried out sand storage, and first 15 days, be placed in thickness and be 5cm, store in the sandy soil that relative humidity is 50%, cover with 2.5cm dry sand afterward, 7 days before mother root cuttage, Carry out spray irrigation to the sand upper layer, adjust the humidity to 65%;

(3) Mother root treatment: From February to March, take out the mother root from the sand and immediately irradiate it with ultraviolet light for 3 minutes, the irradiation dose is 400mW/cm ² , and then trim both ends into a horse ear shape;

(4), cuttage: vertically insert the pruned female root incision downwards in the substrate, and the depth of root embedding is 0.5cm; the substrate is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 55 parts of yellow heart soil, 35 parts of peat soil , 25 parts of coconut bran, 15 parts of fermented bean curd residue.

(5), management after cutting: keep the cutting nursery room under constant temperature and humidity conditions for 40 days, the constant temperature is 25°C, and the constant humidity is 55%.

Adopt the method of above-mentioned 3 embodiments and 2 comparative examples respectively to carry out root section cutting seedling raising test to centennial Dalbergia japonica, test data is as follows:

Analysis of the above table shows that embodiment 1 is the best embodiment of the present invention, and the survival rate of Dalbergia cuttings is about 90%; comparative analysis of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 shows that embodiment 2 adopts thicker females. The roots can make the cutting seedlings grow slightly longer, but the survival rate decreases; comparative analysis of Example 1 and Example 3 shows that the ratio of the substrate has a greater impact on the survival rate of the cutting seedlings; comparative analysis of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 It can be seen that the selection of thickness, the treatment of rice washing water and the improvement of substrate can greatly improve the survival rate, root development speed and germination development speed of root cuttings.

Inspired by the above-mentioned ideal embodiment of the present invention, through the above-mentioned description, relevant workers can make various changes and modifications within the scope of not departing from the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of root cuttage seedling raising method of old Dalbergia chinensis in one hundred years is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: (1), female root selection: dig out the seed root after falling leaves in October-November, select the root bar with a thickness of 2-4mm, and cut the root bar into 4-8cm long segments, which is the female root; (2), mother root storage: the mother root is stored in sand, and the first 10-20 days are stored in sandy soil with a thickness of 5cm and a relative humidity of 50%, and then covered with 2-3cm dry sand. For 5-7 days, spray irrigation to the upper layer of sand and adjust the humidity to 60%-70%; (3) Mother root treatment: In 2-3 months, take out the mother root from the sand and immediately irradiate it with ultraviolet rays for 2-3 minutes, and the irradiation dose is 350-450mW/cm2, then trim both ends into a horse-ear shape and dip it for washing. Mixed solution of rice water and garlic extract; (4), cuttage: bury the pruned mother root incision downwards in the matrix, and the root depth is 0.5-1cm; (5), management after cutting: keep the cutting seedling cultivation room under constant temperature and humidity conditions for 40 days, and the constant temperature is 18-20℃, constant humidity 50%-60%. 2. the method for raising seedlings by root cuttings of a kind of centennial aged Dalbergia as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the thickness of the mother root is 3mm, and the length is 5cm. 3. the method for raising seedlings by root cuttage of a kind of century old Dalbergia as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation method of the garlic extract in the step (3) is to get the crushed garlic and place it in In a microwave extractor, add ethanol with a mass of 15-20 times the mass of garlic as an extractant, carry out microwave extraction at 85-95°C and a microwave output power of 300W, filter after extraction for 3-5min, and obtain garlic extract Extraction. 4. the method for raising seedlings by root cuttings of a kind of century old Dalbergia as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in the step (4), the substrate is made up of the following components in parts by mass: 50-60 parts of yellow heart soil, 30-40 parts of peat soil, 20-30 parts of coconut peat, 10-20 parts of fermented bean curd residue. 5. the method for raising seedlings by root cuttage of a kind of century old Dalbergia as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, in the step (4), the substrate is made up of the following components in parts by mass: 55 parts of yellow heart soil, peat soil 35 parts, coconut peat 25 parts, fermented bean curd residue 15 parts.