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CN106461323A - Cryogenic purification with heat uptake - Google Patents

Cryogenic purification with heat uptake Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106461323A
CN106461323A CN201580033220.7A CN201580033220A CN106461323A CN 106461323 A CN106461323 A CN 106461323A CN 201580033220 A CN201580033220 A CN 201580033220A CN 106461323 A CN106461323 A CN 106461323A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
air
temperature
flow
impurity
interchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201580033220.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN106461323B (en
Inventor
伯诺瓦·达维迪安
伯纳德·索尼耶
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Publication of CN106461323A publication Critical patent/CN106461323A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN106461323B publication Critical patent/CN106461323B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/04054Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of air
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/0406Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of nitrogen
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04242Cold end purification of the feed air
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/60Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/60Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
    • F25J2205/66Regenerating the adsorption vessel, e.g. kind of reactivation gas
    • F25J2205/70Heating the adsorption vessel

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

Process for purifying a gaseous feed stream using an adsorption unit comprising at least two adsorbers, a cryogenic distillation unit, an exchanger and a compressor operating at a temperature less than or equal to -50 DEG C, in which the heat necessary for the regeneration of the adsorbers is derived, at least partly, from at least one portion of the heat generated by the compressor, during the compression of a fluid.

Description

There is the cryogenic purincation of heat absorption
The present invention relates to a kind of method for using absorbing unit and cryogenic distillation unit to purify feed stream.
Absorption is the phenomenon typically being promoted by low temperature.For example, for ASU (air separation equipment), CO2Over a molecular sieve Stop at-100 DEG C at than at 20 DEG C big up to 5 times, and the stopping being compared to propane is big about about 3 times.
Regeneration requires supplementation with heat, and this additional heat has upset the freezing balance of equipment, if absorption occurs in negative temperature Under words.Its energy cost may be even more big, because temperature is low.
In the method according to prior art, absorption is carried out at positive temperature, and for heat (many waste heats of regeneration Amount) it is discharged in air, without affecting the freezing balance of this low isothermal segment.
From there, suffering from a problem that is offer cryogenic purincation, this cryogenic separation side in low temperature separating methods Method already knows how to manage when it reaches freezing balance, at least equal to the thermal enhancement required for the regeneration of these absorbers.
One solution of the present invention is a kind of for using that runs at a temperature of less than or equal to-50 DEG C to comprise The absorbing unit of at least 2 absorbers, cryogenic distillation unit, interchanger and compressor purify the method for feed stream, wherein, Heat for regenerating needed for these absorbers is to be derived from least in part to be produced by this compressor in the compression process of fluid At least a portion of heat.
Depending on the circumstances, it is one or more that the method according to the invention can have in following characteristics:
-described method includes the adsorption step implemented by this absorbing unit, and wherein this adsorption step enters under negative temperature OK;
-described method includes, according to the first replacement scheme, following consecutive steps (Fig. 1):
A) feed stream 1 is cooled in interchanger 2 less than-50 DEG C, is preferably shorter than the temperature of-100 DEG C;
B) delivering in absorbing unit 4 by the air-flow 3 of cooling, here at least one impurity X is adsorbed at least in part, with Just the air-flow 5 of lean impurity X is reclaimed;
C) it is incorporated into the air-flow 5 of lean impurity X in interchanger 2 to be cool below-50 DEG C, preferably shorter than-150 DEG C Temperature;
D) this lean impurity X and cooled air-flow 5 are delivered in cryogenic distillation unit 7, here this air-flow is separated Become at least 2 streams 8 and 9;
E) be incorporated into a part for stream 9 in this interchanger so as to be heated to higher than-150 DEG C, preferably above-100 DEG C, The temperature of more preferably higher than-50 DEG C, arrives the temperature close to the temperature of feed stream 1 at the end of step a) ideally,
It is compressed with the compression ratio more than 1.2 in compressor 10 afterwards;
F) compression stream 9 is delivered in absorbing unit 4, in order to one of regeneration the two absorber;
The wherein compression in step e) causes the temperature of at least 20 DEG C that flow 9 to rise, and thus provides and regenerate these The required heat input of at least one in absorber;
-described method includes, according to the second replacement scheme, following consecutive steps (Fig. 2):
A) feed stream 1 is cooled in interchanger 2 less than-50 DEG C, is preferably shorter than the temperature of-100 DEG C;
B) delivering in absorbing unit 4 by the air-flow 3 of cooling, here at least one impurity X is adsorbed at least in part, with Just first-class the 5 of lean impurity X are reclaimed;
C) air-flow 5 of lean impurity X is compressed with the compression ratio more than 1.2 in compressor 10, afterwards at interchanger 2 In be cooled to less than-50 DEG C, the temperature of preferably shorter than-150 DEG C;
D) by this lean impurity X, compressed and cooled air-flow 5 is delivered in cryogenic distillation unit 7, here by this gas Flow separation becomes at least 2 streams 8 and 9;
E) be incorporated into a part for stream 9 in this interchanger so as to be heated to higher than-150 DEG C, preferably above-100 DEG C, The temperature of more preferably higher than-50 DEG C, arrives the temperature close to the temperature of feed stream 5 at the end of compression step c) ideally,
F) stream 9 of reheating is delivered in absorbing unit 4, in order at least one in regeneration the two absorber;
The wherein compression in step c) causes the temperature of at least 20 DEG C of the air-flow 5 of lean impurity X to rise, and thus It is grounded and provide via interchanger 2 needed for the part reheating stream 9 and in step f), therefore regenerate the two absorber In at least one required heat input;
-these absorbers include single, preferred molecular sieve;
-this feed stream is air, and this impurity X is selected from H2O、CO2、N2O、CnHm、NOx;
-this feed stream comprises water and described method includes, before step a), by the step of this feed stream prepurification Suddenly, this prepurification step makes it possible to eliminate at least a portion of this water.
-this prepurification step is carried out by absorption at ambient temperature;
The absorption of-this prepurification step is to carry out on single of aluminum oxide, silica gel or molecular sieve type.
The present invention will illustrate on the ASU have cold compressor.This cold compressor will reheat the heat of compressed gas Gain is incorporated in ice chest.The natural freezing balance of this equipment makes it possible to manage this thermal enhancement.A part for hot gas will Directly or indirectly used so that the heating period regenerating via exchanging with another fluid thermal.This occurs without really Energy loss because it does not disturbs the freezing balance of (or hardly interference) this equipment.
Fig. 1 represents the first replacement scheme according to the solution of the present invention.
Then pass through air 1 cooling (for example, as little as-120 DEG C) in exchange pipeline 2 under low temperature (-120 DEG C) The bed of adsorbent 4, is then reintroduced back to (optionally slightly hot, due to absorption) and finally cools down in exchange pipeline 2, deliver to afterwards In distillation fraction 7.
By a part about-120 DEG C of extractions from this exchange pipeline of remaining nitrogen 9, then compress in cold compressor 10, It is here heated to the temperature of such as-80 DEG C, be then delivered in the adsorbent bed being reproduced.The heat structure being provided by compression Become the heat input needed for the heating period of regeneration.This nitrogen is cooled down in the bed of adsorbent 4, then the temperature of about-120 DEG C Exchange pipeline 2 is delivered to be additionally again heated to environment temperature under degree.
Adsorption temp i.e. can be determined by the method preferentially close to " naturally " inlet temperature in cold booster Temperature, as have conventional environment temperature purify.
It can be seen that the heating period of this regeneration do not disturb the freezing balance of (or hardly interference) this equipment, this heating Stage is to be carried out by the atural beat input being provided by cold compression.Therefore, in carrying out cryogenic purincation, there is not energy loss.
In cooling stage with regard to the regeneration of the method according to this first replacement scheme, by a part for remaining nitrogen from this About-120 DEG C of extractions in exchange pipeline, then initially enter (cooling stage) in the bed being reproduced, are compressed afterwards, then send To be additionally again heated to environment temperature in this exchange pipeline.
Observe that this heating and cooling stage are carried out at various pressures, it is desirable to make this adapt to the centre of correct pressure Stage.
Fig. 2 represents the second replacement scheme according to the solution of the present invention.
Air 1 part is cooled to-120 DEG C, then passes through the bed of adsorbent 4, afterwards cold compression 10, here by this sky Gas is heated to the temperature of-80 DEG C, is then returned to more heat exchange pipeline 2 and finally cools down, delivers to afterwards in distillation fraction 7.
A part for remaining nitrogen 9 is reheated in exchange pipeline 2, the up to temperature close to cold compression air themperature Degree, such as-80 DEG C, thus indirectly reclaim the heat being introduced by the compression of air.The nitrogen being thus heated to-80 DEG C passes through The heating period regenerating through the bed of adsorbent 4, in this adsorbent bed, this nitrogen is cooled to-120 DEG C, is then delivered to To be additionally again heated to environment temperature in exchange pipeline 2.
Adsorption temp can be preferentially close to " naturally " inlet temperature in cold booster, the steaming of typically about oxygen Send out the temperature of platform (plateau), for example, conventional single machine layout with cold booster (is pressurizeed under 40bar Oxygen be about-120 DEG C).
It again it is seen that the heating period of this regeneration does not disturbs the freezing balance of (or interference hardly) this equipment, is somebody's turn to do Heating period is to be carried out by the atural beat input being provided by cold compression (in this case indirectly).Therefore, carrying out Cryogenic purincation does not exist energy loss.
With regard to the cooling stage of the regeneration of the method according to this second replacement scheme, by a part for remaining nitrogen close This exchange pipeline is left, through adsorbent bed to be cooled to, so at the temperature (about-120 DEG C) of the entrance of cold compressor After deliver in this exchange pipeline to be additionally again heated to environment temperature.In this case, heat with cooling stage in identical pressure Carry out under power.

Claims (8)

1. one kind for use less than or equal to the absorbing unit comprising at least 2 absorbers running at a temperature of-50 DEG C, Cryogenic distillation unit, interchanger and compressor purify the method for feed stream, wherein, for regenerating needed for these absorbers Heat is at least a portion being derived from the heat being produced by this compressor in the compression process of fluid at least in part, and institute The method of stating includes the adsorption step implemented by this absorbing unit, and wherein this adsorption step is carried out under negative temperature.
2. purification process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described method includes following consecutive steps:
A) this feed stream (1) is cooled in interchanger (2) temperature less than-50 DEG C;
B) delivering in this absorbing unit (4) by the air-flow (3) of this cooling, here at least one impurity X is inhaled at least in part Attached, in order to reclaim the air-flow (5) of lean impurity X;
C) it is incorporated in this interchanger (2) air-flow (5) of this lean impurity X to be cool below the temperature of-50 DEG C;
D) this lean impurity X and cooled air-flow (5) are delivered to, in this cryogenic distillation unit (7), here divide this air-flow From at least 2 streams (8) of one-tenth and (9);
E) it is incorporated into the part of this stream (9) in this interchanger to be heated to the temperature higher than-150 DEG C, afterwards in pressure Contracting machine is compressed with the compression ratio more than 1.2 in (10);
F) this compression stream (9) is delivered in this absorbing unit (4), in order to one of regeneration the two absorber;
The wherein compression in step e) causes the temperature of at least 20 DEG C of this stream (9) to rise, and thus provides and regenerate these The required heat input of at least one in absorber.
3. purification process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described method includes following consecutive steps:
A) this feed stream (1) is cooled in interchanger (2) temperature less than-50 DEG C;
B) delivering in this absorbing unit (4) by the air-flow (3) of this cooling, here at least one impurity X is inhaled at least in part Attached, in order to reclaim first-class (5) of lean impurity X;
C) air-flow (5) of this lean impurity X is compressed with the compression ratio more than 1.2 in this compressor (10), afterwards at this Interchanger (2) is cooled to the temperature less than-50 DEG C;
D) by this lean impurity X, compressed and cooled air-flow (5) is delivered to, in this cryogenic distillation unit (7), here should Air-flow is separated at least 2 streams (8) and (9);
E) it is incorporated into the part of this stream (9) in this interchanger to be heated to the temperature higher than-150 DEG C;
F) stream (9) of this reheating is delivered in this absorbing unit (4), in order at least one in regeneration the two absorber;
The wherein compression in step c) causes the temperature of 20 DEG C of the air-flow (5) of this lean compounds X to rise, and thus indirectly Ground provides needed for the part reheating this stream 9 and therefore regeneration the two absorption in step f) via this interchanger 2 The required heat input of at least one in device.
4. the method as described in one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that these absorbers include single, preferred molecular sieve.
5. the method as described in one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that this feed stream is air, and this impurity X choosing From H2O、CO2、N2O、CnHm、NOX.
6. the method as described in one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that this feed stream comprises water and described method bag Including, before step a), by the step of this feed stream prepurification, this prepurification step makes it possible to eliminate this water at least A part.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that this prepurification step is to be carried out by absorption at ambient temperature 's.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the absorption of this prepurification step is at aluminum oxide, silica gel or to divide Carry out on single of son sieve type.
CN201580033220.7A 2014-06-26 2015-06-12 Cryogenic purincation method with heat absorption Expired - Fee Related CN106461323B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1455985A FR3022993A1 (en) 2014-06-26 2014-06-26 CRYOGENIC CLEANING WITH HEAT INPUT
FR1455985 2014-06-26
PCT/FR2015/051567 WO2015197940A1 (en) 2014-06-26 2015-06-12 Cryogenic purification with heat uptake

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106461323A true CN106461323A (en) 2017-02-22
CN106461323B CN106461323B (en) 2019-08-06

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CN201580033220.7A Expired - Fee Related CN106461323B (en) 2014-06-26 2015-06-12 Cryogenic purincation method with heat absorption

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US (1) US20170138665A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3161399B1 (en)
CN (1) CN106461323B (en)
FR (1) FR3022993A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2015197940A1 (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4746332A (en) * 1985-09-27 1988-05-24 Hitachi, Ltd. Process for producing high purity nitrogen
EP0894522A1 (en) * 1997-07-31 1999-02-03 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Process and apparatus for the production of ultra-pure inert gas
CN101198834A (en) * 2005-06-23 2008-06-11 空气及水株式会社 Nitrogen generating device and apparatus for use therefor
CN201265997Y (en) * 2008-09-05 2009-07-01 苏州制氧机有限责任公司 Liquid air separation plant

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1189094B (en) * 1962-06-09 1965-03-18 Linde Eismasch Ag Process for removing carbon dioxide from gas mixtures
US3236059A (en) * 1962-08-29 1966-02-22 Air Prod & Chem Separation of gaseous mixtures
US5551257A (en) * 1992-10-01 1996-09-03 The Boc Group, Inc. Production of ultrahigh purity nitrogen
CN100363699C (en) * 2005-04-25 2008-01-23 林福粦 Air separation system for recycling cold energy of liquified natural gas

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4746332A (en) * 1985-09-27 1988-05-24 Hitachi, Ltd. Process for producing high purity nitrogen
EP0894522A1 (en) * 1997-07-31 1999-02-03 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Process and apparatus for the production of ultra-pure inert gas
CN101198834A (en) * 2005-06-23 2008-06-11 空气及水株式会社 Nitrogen generating device and apparatus for use therefor
CN201265997Y (en) * 2008-09-05 2009-07-01 苏州制氧机有限责任公司 Liquid air separation plant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3161399B1 (en) 2018-08-15
CN106461323B (en) 2019-08-06
FR3022993A1 (en) 2016-01-01
EP3161399A1 (en) 2017-05-03
US20170138665A1 (en) 2017-05-18
WO2015197940A1 (en) 2015-12-30

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Granted publication date: 20190806