CN106382161A - Multi-level efficient gas turbine device adopting hydrogen-enriched fuel - Google Patents
Multi-level efficient gas turbine device adopting hydrogen-enriched fuel Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007233 catalytic pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/22—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being gaseous at standard temperature and pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/14—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid characterised by the arrangement of the combustion chamber in the plant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
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Abstract
一种采用富氢燃料的多能级高效气轮机装置，部分压缩空气和富氢燃料经过压缩机进入高压燃烧室混合燃烧，产生的高温高压气体驱动高压涡轮转动；另一部分空气和富氢燃料直接进入中压燃烧室混合燃烧，产物进入中压涡轮做功。装置中高中压缸抽出的燃气经过气体再热器后进入回热器，达到所需温度后进行统筹分配，高压缸抽出的燃气进入中压缸，中压缸抽出的燃气进入低压缸。高压转子和中压转子同轴，低压转子单独一根轴，工作时高中压转子转速比低压转子高，在高中压转子和低压转子间设置变速联轴器。最终，低压涡轮排出的工质进入蒸汽冷凝器中冷却，并输送至回热系统中循环利用。本发明具有气动效率高，多级利用燃料能量等优势，具有广阔的市场前景。
A multi-level high-efficiency gas turbine device using hydrogen-rich fuel. Part of the compressed air and hydrogen-rich fuel enter the high-pressure combustion chamber through the compressor for mixed combustion, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated drives the high-pressure turbine to rotate; the other part of the air and hydrogen-rich fuel directly It enters the medium-pressure combustor for mixed combustion, and the product enters the medium-pressure turbine to do work. The gas extracted from the high- and high-pressure cylinders in the device passes through the gas reheater and then enters the regenerator. After reaching the required temperature, it is distributed as a whole. The gas extracted from the high-pressure cylinder enters the medium-pressure cylinder, and the gas extracted from the medium-pressure cylinder enters the low-pressure cylinder. The high-pressure rotor and the medium-pressure rotor are coaxial, and the low-pressure rotor has a single shaft. When working, the speed of the high-high-pressure rotor is higher than that of the low-pressure rotor. A variable speed coupling is installed between the high-high-pressure rotor and the low-pressure rotor. Finally, the working fluid discharged from the low-pressure turbine enters the steam condenser to be cooled and sent to the heat recovery system for recycling. The invention has the advantages of high aerodynamic efficiency, multi-stage utilization of fuel energy and the like, and has broad market prospects.
Description
技术领域：Technical field:
本发明涉及一种气轮机装置，具体涉及一种采用富氢燃料的多能级高效气轮机装置。The invention relates to a gas turbine device, in particular to a multi-energy level high-efficiency gas turbine device using hydrogen-rich fuel.
背景技术：Background technique:
提供清洁高效的多种能源利用方式是现阶段能源行业工作者的共同努力目标，富氢燃料属于清洁能源，污染低，燃烧时火焰传播速度快，热值低，燃烧温度高，能够确保较高的燃气进口温度，提高机组效率。因此，近年来国内外已经开始研发使用富氢燃料的燃气轮机装置，通过充分利用富氢燃料，如氢气、天然气、生物质催化热解气或尾煤热解气等，可进一步提升经济效益。Providing clean and efficient multiple energy utilization methods is the common goal of workers in the energy industry at this stage. Hydrogen-rich fuel is a clean energy source with low pollution, fast flame propagation speed, low calorific value, and high combustion temperature during combustion, which can ensure high The inlet temperature of the gas can be improved to improve the efficiency of the unit. Therefore, in recent years, gas turbine devices using hydrogen-rich fuels have been developed at home and abroad. By making full use of hydrogen-rich fuels, such as hydrogen, natural gas, biomass catalytic pyrolysis gas or tailing coal pyrolysis gas, economic benefits can be further improved.
中间再热技术是提高机组效率的有效方法，通过将高压工质引出进行再次加热，然后进入中压或低压缸中继续做功，从而提升工质做功能力，此技术常用于超临界火力发电机组。而中间回热循环常用于燃气轮机中，利用透平做功后的排气作为热源加热进入燃烧室的高压空气，回热循环相较简单循环排气温度下降，进气温度升高，能够获得更高的系统效率，目前已经取得广泛应用。The intermediate reheating technology is an effective method to improve the efficiency of the unit. By leading out the high-pressure working medium for reheating, and then entering the medium-pressure or low-pressure cylinder to continue to work, thereby improving the working capacity of the working medium, this technology is often used in supercritical thermal power generating units . The intermediate regenerative cycle is often used in gas turbines. The exhaust gas after the turbine is used as a heat source to heat the high-pressure air entering the combustion chamber. The system efficiency has been widely used.
普通汽轮机组设置多级汽缸进行能量多级利用，各汽缸转子共轴，转速相同。然而，高中压缸在较高转速下运行时部件体积较小，且能够满足最佳速比，达到较高的高中压缸运行效率。因此，采取高压转子和中压转子同轴，低压转子单独一根轴的方案进一步提升了机组效率，具有一定的工程价值。Ordinary steam turbine sets are equipped with multi-stage cylinders for multi-stage utilization of energy, and the rotors of each cylinder are coaxial and rotate at the same speed. However, when the high-medium pressure cylinder operates at a high speed, the volume of the components is small, and the optimal speed ratio can be satisfied, so as to achieve a high operating efficiency of the high-medium pressure cylinder. Therefore, the high-pressure rotor and the medium-pressure rotor are coaxial, and the low-pressure rotor has a single shaft, which further improves the efficiency of the unit and has certain engineering value.
发明内容：Invention content:
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足，提供了一种采用富氢燃料的多能级高效气轮机装置，主要应用于功率等级为20-50MW、热效率高达55％的高温高效气轮机系统。装置燃烧富氢燃料，进口温度达1500℃，气动效率高，多级利用燃料能量，具有广阔的应用前景。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-level high-efficiency gas turbine device using hydrogen-rich fuel, which is mainly used in high-temperature high-efficiency gas turbine systems with a power level of 20-50MW and a thermal efficiency of up to 55%. The device burns hydrogen-rich fuel, with an inlet temperature of 1500°C, high aerodynamic efficiency, and multi-stage utilization of fuel energy, which has broad application prospects.
为达到上述目的，本发明采用如下的技术方案来实现：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
一种采用富氢燃料的多能级高效气轮机装置，包括驱动电机、富氢燃料压缩机、空气压缩机、燃烧室、高压涡轮、中压涡轮、低压涡轮、变速联轴器、蒸汽冷凝器、再热与回热系统以及发电机；其中，A multi-level high-efficiency gas turbine device using hydrogen-rich fuel, including a drive motor, a hydrogen-rich fuel compressor, an air compressor, a combustor, a high-pressure turbine, a medium-pressure turbine, a low-pressure turbine, a variable speed coupling, and a steam condenser , reheat and recuperation systems, and generators; among them,
高压涡轮的高压转子与中压涡轮的中压转子同轴设置，中压涡轮的中压转子与低压涡轮的低压转子通过变速联轴器连接，工作时中压转子转速高于低压转子转速，空气压缩机和富氢燃料压缩机均由驱动电机驱动工作，空气压缩机上设有空气进气道，富氢燃料压缩机上设有富氢燃料进气道，富氢燃料和压缩空气混合燃烧后驱动高压涡轮及中压涡轮转动，该装置抽出高压涡轮及中压涡轮中的部分燃气进入再热及回热系统，然后，依次经过高、中压缸的燃气与再热及回热系统中的燃气汇合在低压缸中，驱动低压涡轮转动，排出的乏汽依次经蒸汽冷凝器、再热及回热系统、最终回到燃烧室。The high-pressure rotor of the high-pressure turbine and the medium-pressure rotor of the medium-pressure turbine are coaxially arranged, and the medium-pressure rotor of the medium-pressure turbine is connected with the low-pressure rotor of the low-pressure turbine through a variable speed coupling. During operation, the speed of the medium-pressure rotor is higher than that of the low-pressure rotor. Both the compressor and the hydrogen-rich fuel compressor are driven by a drive motor. The air compressor is provided with an air inlet, and the hydrogen-rich fuel compressor is provided with a hydrogen-rich fuel inlet. The hydrogen-rich fuel and compressed air are mixed and burned to drive high-pressure The turbine and the medium-pressure turbine rotate, and the device draws part of the gas in the high-pressure turbine and the medium-pressure turbine into the reheating and reheating system, and then the gas passing through the high and medium pressure cylinders in turn merges with the gas in the reheating and reheating system In the low-pressure cylinder, the low-pressure turbine is driven to rotate, and the exhausted exhaust steam passes through the steam condenser, reheating and recuperating system in turn, and finally returns to the combustion chamber.
本发明进一步的改进在于：富氢燃料为氢气、天然气、生物质催化热解气或尾煤热解气。The further improvement of the present invention is that the hydrogen-rich fuel is hydrogen, natural gas, biomass catalytic pyrolysis gas or tailing coal pyrolysis gas.
本发明进一步的改进在于：燃烧室分为富氢燃料高压燃烧室和富氢燃料中压燃烧室，富氢燃料高压燃烧室和富氢燃料中压燃烧室燃烧产生的高温高压燃气分别进入高压涡轮及中压涡轮中做功，控制高压涡轮及中压涡轮的进口温度。The further improvement of the present invention is that the combustion chamber is divided into a hydrogen-rich fuel high-pressure combustion chamber and a hydrogen-rich fuel medium-pressure combustion chamber. and medium-pressure turbine, and control the inlet temperature of high-pressure turbine and medium-pressure turbine.
本发明进一步的改进在于：再热及回热系统包括高压气体再热器、高压回热器、中压气体再热器和中压回热器，高压缸抽出的燃气一部分经过高压气体再热器后进入高压回热器，另一部分直接进入中压缸，进入高压气体再热器及高压回热器的燃气经过再热及回热后进入中压缸；中压缸抽出的燃气一部分经过中压气体再热器后进入中压回热器，另一部分直接进入低压缸中驱动低压涡轮转动，进入中压气体再热器及中压回热器的燃气经过再热及回热后进入低压缸。The further improvement of the present invention is that the reheating and recuperating system includes a high-pressure gas reheater, a high-pressure gas reheater, a medium-pressure gas reheater and a medium-pressure reheater, and part of the gas extracted from the high-pressure cylinder passes through the high-pressure gas reheater After entering the high-pressure regenerator, the other part directly enters the medium-pressure cylinder, and the gas entering the high-pressure gas reheater and high-pressure regenerator enters the medium-pressure cylinder after reheating and reheating; part of the gas extracted from the medium-pressure cylinder passes through the medium-pressure cylinder. The gas reheater enters the medium pressure regenerator, and the other part directly enters the low pressure cylinder to drive the low pressure turbine to rotate. The gas entering the medium pressure gas reheater and the medium pressure reheater enters the low pressure cylinder after reheating and reheating.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明通过成功整合现有成熟技术的优势，针对气轮机系统进行了改进创新，提出了一种采用富氢燃料的多能级高效气轮机装置，可采用氢气、天然气、生物质催化热解气或尾煤热解气等富氢燃料。富氢燃料属于清洁能源，污染低，燃烧时火焰传播速度快，热值低，燃烧温度高。该装置实现了燃料能量多级利用，较大程度地提高了气轮机装置效率。工作时，空气压缩机和富氢燃料压缩机上设有进气道，一部分压缩空气和富氢燃料通过进气道进入富氢燃料高压燃烧室混合燃烧，燃烧室产生的高温高压气体驱动高压涡轮转动；另一部分压缩空气和富氢燃料直接进入富氢燃料中压燃烧室混合燃烧，产物进入中压缸中驱动中压涡轮转动，燃烧室分为两部分，精准控制高压及中压涡轮的进口温度，提高热效率。装置采用类似联合循环的方式，却省去了联合循环中燃气加热蒸汽的换热损失，利用富氢燃料燃烧产生的高温蒸气直接驱动气轮机，能够保证高进口温度(达到1500℃)，因此确保更高的热效率。装置中高压缸抽出的燃气一部分经过高压气体再热器后进入高压回热器，另一部分直接进入中压缸，进入高压气体再热器及高压回热器的燃气经过再热及回热后进入中压缸；中压缸抽出的燃气一部分经过中压气体再热器后进入中压回热器，另一部分直接进入低压缸中驱动低压涡轮转动，进入中压气体再热器及中压回热器的燃气经过再热及回热后进入低压缸，两级气体再热及回热系统能够精确控制再热及回热温度，并进一步提高系统效率。由低压缸排出的工质进入蒸汽冷凝器中冷却，再由冷凝器管道输送至回热系统中循环利用。高压转子和中压转子同轴，低压转子单独一根轴，工作时高中压转子转速比低压转子高，在高中压转子和低压转子之间设置变速联轴器，实现富氢燃料的能量多级利用，并使高中压缸能够在较高转速下运行，满足最佳速比。此设计能够显著提升高中压缸运行效率，同时，高中压缸的较高转速还能够使其部件体积较小，制造安装便捷。By successfully integrating the advantages of existing mature technologies, the present invention improves and innovates the gas turbine system, and proposes a multi-energy level high-efficiency gas turbine device using hydrogen-rich fuel, which can use hydrogen, natural gas, and biomass catalytic pyrolysis gas Or tailing coal pyrolysis gas and other hydrogen-rich fuels. Hydrogen-rich fuel is a clean energy with low pollution, fast flame propagation speed, low calorific value and high combustion temperature during combustion. The device realizes multi-stage utilization of fuel energy, and greatly improves the efficiency of the gas turbine device. When working, the air compressor and the hydrogen-rich fuel compressor are provided with an intake port, and a part of the compressed air and hydrogen-rich fuel enter the hydrogen-rich fuel high-pressure combustor through the intake port for mixed combustion, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the combustor drives the high-pressure turbine to rotate ;The other part of compressed air and hydrogen-rich fuel directly enters the hydrogen-rich fuel medium-pressure combustion chamber for mixed combustion, and the product enters the medium-pressure cylinder to drive the medium-pressure turbine to rotate. The combustion chamber is divided into two parts to precisely control the inlet temperature of the high-pressure and medium-pressure turbines , improve thermal efficiency. The device adopts a method similar to the combined cycle, but saves the heat exchange loss of the gas heating steam in the combined cycle, and uses the high-temperature steam generated by the combustion of hydrogen-rich fuel to directly drive the gas turbine, which can ensure a high inlet temperature (up to 1500 ° C), so ensure Higher thermal efficiency. Part of the gas extracted from the high-pressure cylinder in the device enters the high-pressure regenerator after passing through the high-pressure gas reheater, and the other part directly enters the medium-pressure cylinder, and the gas that enters the high-pressure gas reheater and high-pressure regenerator enters the Medium-pressure cylinder; part of the gas extracted from the medium-pressure cylinder passes through the medium-pressure gas reheater and then enters the medium-pressure reheater, and the other part directly enters the low-pressure cylinder to drive the low-pressure turbine to rotate, and then enters the medium-pressure gas reheater and medium-pressure reheater The gas of the gas generator enters the low-pressure cylinder after being reheated and reheated. The two-stage gas reheating and reheating system can accurately control the reheating and reheating temperature, and further improve the system efficiency. The working fluid discharged from the low-pressure cylinder enters the steam condenser for cooling, and then is transported to the heat recovery system through the condenser pipe for recycling. The high-pressure rotor and the medium-pressure rotor are coaxial, and the low-pressure rotor has a separate shaft. During operation, the speed of the high- and medium-pressure rotor is higher than that of the low-pressure rotor. A variable-speed coupling is set between the high- and medium-pressure rotor and the low-pressure rotor to realize the multi-level energy of hydrogen-rich fuel. Utilize, and enable high and medium pressure cylinders to run at higher speeds to meet the best speed ratio. This design can significantly improve the operating efficiency of the high and medium pressure cylinders. At the same time, the high speed of the high and medium pressure cylinders can also make the parts smaller and easy to manufacture and install.
因此，本发明具有热效率高，多级利用燃料能量，燃料范围广等优势。该气轮机装置采用富氢燃料，体积小，成本低，功率介于20MW-50MW之间，适用于发电系统及动力循环，具有极其广阔的市场前景。Therefore, the invention has the advantages of high thermal efficiency, multi-stage utilization of fuel energy, wide fuel range and the like. The gas turbine device uses hydrogen-rich fuel, is small in size, low in cost, and has a power between 20MW and 50MW. It is suitable for power generation systems and power cycles, and has extremely broad market prospects.
附图说明：Description of drawings:
图1为本发明一种采用富氢燃料的多能级高效气轮机装置的系统图。Fig. 1 is a system diagram of a multi-level high-efficiency gas turbine device using hydrogen-rich fuel according to the present invention.
图2为本发明一种采用富氢燃料的多能级高效气轮机装置转子部分示意图。Fig. 2 is a partial schematic diagram of the rotor of a multi-energy-level high-efficiency gas turbine device using hydrogen-rich fuel according to the present invention.
图1中，1-富氢燃料进气道，2-空气进气道，3-驱动电机，4-富氢燃料压缩机，5-空气压缩机，6-富氢燃料高压燃烧室，7-富氢燃料中压燃烧室，8-高压涡轮机，9-中压涡轮，10-变速联轴器，11-低压涡轮，12-发电机，13-高压气体再热器，14-高压回热器，15-中压气体再热器，16-中压回热器，17-蒸汽冷凝器。In Figure 1, 1-hydrogen-rich fuel inlet, 2-air inlet, 3-drive motor, 4-hydrogen-rich fuel compressor, 5-air compressor, 6-hydrogen-rich fuel high-pressure combustor, 7- Hydrogen-rich fuel medium-pressure combustor, 8-high-pressure turbine, 9-medium-pressure turbine, 10-speed coupling, 11-low-pressure turbine, 12-generator, 13-high-pressure gas reheater, 14-high-pressure reheater , 15-medium pressure gas reheater, 16-medium pressure reheater, 17-steam condenser.
具体实施方式：detailed description:
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
参照图1，本发明一种采用富氢燃料的多能级高效气轮机装置，包括驱动电机3、富氢燃料压缩机4、空气压缩机5、富氢燃料高压燃烧室6、富氢燃料中压燃烧室7、高压涡轮8、中压涡轮9、低压涡轮11、变速联轴器10、蒸汽冷凝器17、高压气体再热器13、高压回热器14、中压气体再热器15、中压回热器16以及发电机12；其中，高压涡轮(8)的高压转子与中压涡轮(9)的中压转子同轴设置，中压涡轮(9)的中压转子与低压涡轮(11)的低压转子通过变速联轴器(10)连接，工作时中压转子转速高于低压转子转速，实现富氢燃料的能量多级利用，并使高中压缸能够在较高转速下运行，满足最佳速比。空气压缩机5和富氢燃料压缩机4由驱动电机3驱动，其上分别设有空气进气道2和富氢燃料进气道1，一部分压缩空气和富氢燃料通过进气道进入富氢燃料高压燃烧室6混合燃烧，燃烧室产生的高温高压气体驱动高压涡轮8转动；另一部分空气和富氢燃料直接进入富氢燃料中压燃烧室7混合燃烧，产物进入中压缸中驱动中压涡轮9转动。装置中高中压缸抽出的燃气分别经过高压气体再热器13和中压气体再热器15后进入高压回热器14和中压回热器16，达到所需温度后进行统筹分配，高压缸抽出的燃气进入中压缸，中压缸抽出的燃气进入低压缸，气体再热及回热系统进一步提高了系统效率。此设计能够显著提升高中压缸运行效率，同时，高中压缸的较高转速还能够使其部件体积较小，制造安装便捷。经过高中压缸做功后的燃气进入低压缸中，在低压缸中进一步做功驱动发电机12旋转，由低压缸排出的工质进入蒸汽冷凝器17中冷却，再由冷凝器管道输送至回热系统中循环利用。Referring to Fig. 1, a multi-energy level high-efficiency gas turbine device using hydrogen-rich fuel in the present invention includes a drive motor 3, a hydrogen-rich fuel compressor 4, an air compressor 5, a hydrogen-rich fuel high-pressure combustor 6, and a hydrogen-rich fuel medium High-pressure combustion chamber 7, high-pressure turbine 8, medium-pressure turbine 9, low-pressure turbine 11, variable speed coupling 10, steam condenser 17, high-pressure gas reheater 13, high-pressure gas reheater 14, medium-pressure gas reheater 15, Medium-pressure regenerator 16 and generator 12; Wherein, the high-pressure rotor of high-pressure turbine (8) and the medium-pressure rotor of medium-pressure turbine (9) are coaxially arranged, and the medium-pressure rotor of medium-pressure turbine (9) and low-pressure turbine ( 11) The low-pressure rotor is connected through a variable speed coupling (10). During operation, the speed of the medium-pressure rotor is higher than that of the low-pressure rotor, which realizes the multi-level utilization of hydrogen-rich fuel energy and enables the high- and medium-pressure cylinders to operate at higher speeds. Meet the best speed ratio. The air compressor 5 and the hydrogen-rich fuel compressor 4 are driven by the driving motor 3, and the air inlet 2 and the hydrogen-rich fuel inlet 1 are respectively arranged on them, and a part of compressed air and hydrogen-rich fuel enter the hydrogen-rich fuel through the inlet. The fuel is mixed in the high-pressure combustion chamber 6, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated in the combustion chamber drives the high-pressure turbine 8 to rotate; the other part of the air and hydrogen-rich fuel directly enter the hydrogen-rich fuel in the medium-pressure combustion chamber 7 for mixed combustion, and the product enters the medium-pressure cylinder to drive the medium-pressure cylinder. The turbine 9 rotates. The gas extracted from the high- and high-pressure cylinders in the device passes through the high-pressure gas reheater 13 and the medium-pressure gas reheater 15 respectively, and then enters the high-pressure regenerator 14 and the medium-pressure regenerator 16. After reaching the required temperature, it is distributed as a whole. The extracted gas enters the medium-pressure cylinder, and the gas extracted from the medium-pressure cylinder enters the low-pressure cylinder. The gas reheating and recovery system further improves the system efficiency. This design can significantly improve the operating efficiency of the high and medium pressure cylinders. At the same time, the high speed of the high and medium pressure cylinders can also make the parts smaller and easy to manufacture and install. The gas after the work done by the high and medium pressure cylinders enters the low pressure cylinder, and further works in the low pressure cylinder to drive the generator 12 to rotate, and the working fluid discharged from the low pressure cylinder enters the steam condenser 17 for cooling, and then is transported to the heat recovery system by the condenser pipeline recycling.
其中，富氢燃料为氢气、天然气、生物质催化热解气或尾煤热解气。富氢燃料属于清洁能源，污染低，燃烧时火焰传播速度快，热值低，燃烧温度高，提高了运行时的经济效益。Among them, the hydrogen-rich fuel is hydrogen, natural gas, biomass catalytic pyrolysis gas or tailing coal pyrolysis gas. Hydrogen-rich fuel is clean energy with low pollution, fast flame propagation speed, low calorific value and high combustion temperature during combustion, which improves the economic benefits during operation.
本发明采用类似联合循环的方式，却省去了联合循环中燃气加热蒸汽的换热损失，利用富氢燃料燃烧产生的高温蒸气直接驱动气轮机，能够保证高进口温度(达到1500℃)，因此确保了更高的热效率。The present invention adopts a method similar to the combined cycle, but saves the heat exchange loss of gas heating steam in the combined cycle, and uses the high-temperature steam generated by the combustion of hydrogen-rich fuel to directly drive the gas turbine, which can ensure a high inlet temperature (up to 1500 ° C), so A higher thermal efficiency is ensured.
参照图2，给出了采用富氢燃料的多级高效气轮机装置变速联轴器以及涡轮和电机的转子轴示意图。变速联轴器10连接了转速较高的高中压转子轴和转速较低的低压转子轴及电机轴，实现了富氢燃料的能量多级利用，并使高中压缸能够在较高转速下运行，满足最佳速比，显著提升高中压缸运行效率。同时，高中压缸的较高转速还能够使其部件体积较小，制造安装便捷。Referring to Figure 2, a schematic diagram of the variable speed coupling of the multi-stage high-efficiency gas turbine device using hydrogen-rich fuel and the rotor shaft of the turbine and the motor is given. The variable speed coupling 10 connects the high-middle-pressure rotor shaft with high speed and the low-pressure rotor shaft and motor shaft with low speed, realizing the multi-level utilization of hydrogen-rich fuel energy and enabling the high-middle pressure cylinder to run at a high speed , to meet the best speed ratio, and significantly improve the operating efficiency of high and medium pressure cylinders. At the same time, the high speed of the high and medium pressure cylinder can also make the parts smaller, and the manufacturing and installation are convenient.
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