CN105840258A - Combined power generation system for gradient utilization of wind energy, fuel gas and supercritical carbon dioxide energy - Google Patents
Combined power generation system for gradient utilization of wind energy, fuel gas and supercritical carbon dioxide energy Download PDFInfo
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 title abstract 6
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
- F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域：Technical field:
本发明涉及一种风能、燃气及超临界二氧化碳能源梯级利用联合发电系统，用于风能能源、中低温余热能源的利用以及超临界二氧化碳再压缩布雷顿动力循环的应用。The invention relates to a cascade utilization combined power generation system of wind energy, gas and supercritical carbon dioxide energy, which is used for the utilization of wind energy energy, medium and low temperature waste heat energy and the application of supercritical carbon dioxide recompression Brayton power cycle.
背景技术：Background technique:
由于近年来工业及制造业的迅猛发展，对于化石燃料需求量的不断上涨造成全球性的能源紧缺，燃烧后的废气排放等问题已经导致环境污染，如温室效应、酸雨、大气污染等。开发新型的能源利用方式，利用清洁能源，充分回收工业中低温余热中的能量等是现行能够缓解能源危机并一定程度上降低污染物排放的可行方法。Due to the rapid development of industry and manufacturing in recent years, the increasing demand for fossil fuels has caused a global energy shortage, and the exhaust gas emissions after combustion have caused environmental pollution, such as the greenhouse effect, acid rain, and air pollution. Developing new energy utilization methods, using clean energy, and fully recovering energy from industrial low-temperature waste heat are currently feasible methods that can alleviate the energy crisis and reduce pollutant emissions to a certain extent.
风能是清洁的可再生能源，取之不尽，用之不竭，无论是在内陆还是沿海，都有巨大的风能资源可供开发利用，可因地制宜利用风能。全球的风能约为2.74×109MW，其中可利用的风能约为2×107MW，是地球上可开发利用的水能总量的10倍。到2008年为止，全世界通过风力产生的电力约有94.1GW，供应的电力已超过全世界用量的1％。秉持可持续发展的思想，充分利用风能，缓解传统发电方式给资源环境带来的压力，成为研究的热点。Wind energy is a clean and renewable energy, inexhaustible and inexhaustible. Whether inland or coastal, there are huge wind energy resources available for development and utilization, and wind energy can be used according to local conditions. The global wind energy is about 2.74×10 9 MW, of which the usable wind energy is about 2×10 7 MW, which is 10 times the total amount of water energy that can be exploited and utilized on the earth. As of 2008, the world has generated about 94.1GW of electricity through wind power, and the electricity supplied has exceeded 1% of the world's consumption. Adhering to the idea of sustainable development, making full use of wind energy and alleviating the pressure on resources and environment brought by traditional power generation methods has become a research hotspot.
二氧化碳作为近年来新兴的绿色工质，在热力循环方面有着巨大的发展前景。二氧化碳在大气中广泛存在，储量丰富且廉价易得，对环境的影响小，它不可燃且具有良好的化学稳定性。二氧化碳的临界温度为304.21K，临界压力为7.377MPa，较容易实现超临界性态，对设备的要求较低，降低了制造成本。超临界二氧化碳具有近似液体的高密度、近似气体的低粘度，在热力循环中压缩功耗低，有利于提高热力系统净效率。以超临界二氧化碳为工质的压缩机、气轮机等动力机械的结构紧凑、体积较小。Carbon dioxide, as an emerging green working medium in recent years, has great development prospects in thermodynamic cycles. Carbon dioxide exists widely in the atmosphere, is abundant in reserves, is cheap and easy to obtain, and has little impact on the environment. It is non-flammable and has good chemical stability. The critical temperature of carbon dioxide is 304.21K, the critical pressure is 7.377MPa, it is easier to realize the supercritical state, the requirements for equipment are lower, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. Supercritical carbon dioxide has a high density similar to a liquid, a low viscosity similar to a gas, and low power consumption in compression in a thermodynamic cycle, which is conducive to improving the net efficiency of a thermal system. Power machinery such as compressors and gas turbines using supercritical carbon dioxide as a working medium have compact structures and small volumes.
进一步提高能源利用率，改善人类的生存环境已经成为人类社会的共识。在现有的工业生产模式中，大量温度在350℃以下的中低品位热能被直接排放到大气中，这不仅浪费了能源，还加剧了对环境的破坏。回收利用中低温工业余热，实现能源的梯级利用，对于提高能源利用效率，降低工业生产过程中的能源消耗具有重要意义。It has become the consensus of human society to further increase energy efficiency and improve the living environment of human beings. In the existing industrial production mode, a large amount of low-grade heat energy with a temperature below 350 °C is directly discharged into the atmosphere, which not only wastes energy, but also aggravates the damage to the environment. Recycling and utilization of medium and low temperature industrial waste heat to achieve energy cascade utilization is of great significance for improving energy utilization efficiency and reducing energy consumption in industrial production processes.
发明内容：Invention content:
本发明的目的在于提供一种能够利用中低温工业余热，实现能源梯级利用，提高能源利用效率，同时为风能能源的利用、中低温余热的利用及超临界二氧化碳再压缩布雷顿循环的应用提供新思路的一种风能、燃气及超临界二氧化碳能源梯级利用联合发电系统。该系统的发电过程具有充分利用中低温余热、利用清洁风能、实现能源梯级利用、联合发电等优良特性，同时超临界二氧化碳循环具有动力机械结构紧凑、占用空间小的优点。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method that can utilize medium and low temperature industrial waste heat, realize energy cascade utilization, improve energy utilization efficiency, and provide new energy for the utilization of wind energy, the utilization of medium and low temperature waste heat, and the application of supercritical carbon dioxide recompression Brayton cycle. A cascade utilization combined power generation system of wind energy, gas and supercritical carbon dioxide energy. The power generation process of this system has excellent characteristics such as making full use of medium and low temperature waste heat, utilizing clean wind energy, realizing energy cascade utilization, and joint power generation. At the same time, the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle has the advantages of compact power machinery structure and small footprint.
为达到上述目的，本发明采用如下的技术方案予以实现：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
一种风能、燃气及超临界二氧化碳能源梯级利用联合发电系统，包括风能采集系统、燃气轮机发电系统、中低温余热利用系统和超临界二氧化碳再压缩布雷顿循环发电系统，其中，A combined power generation system for cascade utilization of wind energy, gas and supercritical carbon dioxide energy, including a wind energy collection system, a gas turbine power generation system, a medium and low temperature waste heat utilization system, and a supercritical carbon dioxide recompression Brayton cycle power generation system, wherein,
所述的风能采集系统包括风力机组和变速传动装置，该风力机组与变速传动装置相连；The wind energy collection system includes a wind turbine and a variable speed transmission, and the wind turbine is connected to the variable speed transmission;
所述的燃气轮机发电系统包括第一压缩机、燃烧器、燃气透平和燃气轮机发电机；The gas turbine power generation system includes a first compressor, a combustor, a gas turbine and a gas turbine generator;
所述的中低温余热利用系统包括中低温余热热源、储热罐和第一换热器；The medium and low temperature waste heat utilization system includes a medium and low temperature waste heat source, a heat storage tank and a first heat exchanger;
所述的超临界二氧化碳再压缩布雷顿循环发电系统包括第二换热器、超临界二氧化碳透平、高温回热器、低温回热器、冷却器、主压缩机、再压缩机和发电机；The supercritical carbon dioxide recompression Brayton cycle power generation system includes a second heat exchanger, a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine, a high temperature regenerator, a low temperature regenerator, a cooler, a main compressor, a recompressor and a generator;
第一压缩机通过轴系与变速传动装置相连，第一压缩机上设有空气入口，第一压缩机的出口与燃烧器的气体入口相连，燃烧器上设有燃料入口，燃烧器的出口与燃气透平的入口相连，燃气透平的出口与第二换热器的气体入口相连，燃气透平通过轴系与燃气轮机发电机相连，带动燃气轮机发电机发电；The first compressor is connected with the variable speed transmission through the shaft system, the first compressor is provided with an air inlet, the outlet of the first compressor is connected with the gas inlet of the burner, the burner is provided with a fuel inlet, and the outlet of the burner is connected with the gas The inlet of the turbine is connected, the outlet of the gas turbine is connected with the gas inlet of the second heat exchanger, and the gas turbine is connected with the gas turbine generator through the shaft system to drive the gas turbine generator to generate electricity;
中低温余热热源的出口与储热罐的入口相连，储热罐的出口与第一换热器的余热入口相连；The outlet of the medium and low temperature waste heat source is connected to the inlet of the heat storage tank, and the outlet of the heat storage tank is connected to the waste heat inlet of the first heat exchanger;
第一换热器的循环工质入口与高温回热器的低温侧流体出口相连，第一换热器的循环工质出口与第二换热器的循环工质入口相连，第二换热器的循环工质出口与超临界二氧化碳透平的入口相连；超临界二氧化碳透平的出口与高温回热器的高温侧流体入口相连，超临界二氧化碳透平通过轴系与发电机相连，带动发电机发电；高温回热器的高温侧流体出口与低温回热器的高温侧流体入口相连，低温回热器的高温侧流体出口处工质分流，一路从冷却器的入口进入，冷却器的出口与主压缩机的入口相连，主压缩机的出口与低温回热器的低温侧流体入口相连，低温回热器的低温侧流体出口与高温回热器的低温侧流体入口相连；另一路从再压缩机的入口进入，再压缩机的出口与高温回热器的低温侧流体入口相连。The circulating working medium inlet of the first heat exchanger is connected with the low temperature side fluid outlet of the high temperature regenerator, the circulating working medium outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected with the circulating working medium inlet of the second heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger The outlet of the circulating working fluid is connected to the inlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine; the outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine is connected to the fluid inlet of the high temperature side of the high temperature regenerator, and the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine is connected to the generator through the shafting to drive the generator Power generation; the fluid outlet on the high temperature side of the high temperature regenerator is connected to the fluid inlet on the high temperature side of the low temperature regenerator. The inlet of the main compressor is connected, the outlet of the main compressor is connected with the fluid inlet of the low-temperature side of the low-temperature regenerator, and the fluid outlet of the low-temperature side of the low-temperature regenerator is connected with the fluid inlet of the low-temperature side of the high-temperature regenerator; The inlet of the compressor enters, and the outlet of the compressor is connected with the fluid inlet of the low-temperature side of the high-temperature regenerator.
本发明进一步的改进在于：利用清洁能源风能带动第一压缩机运转以进行空气压缩。The further improvement of the present invention lies in: using clean energy wind energy to drive the first compressor to run for air compression.
本发明进一步的改进在于：所述的超临界二氧化碳再压缩布雷顿循环系统选用超临界二氧化碳作为工质。The further improvement of the present invention is that: the supercritical carbon dioxide recompression Brayton cycle system uses supercritical carbon dioxide as a working medium.
本发明进一步的改进在于：所述的超临界二氧化碳再压缩布雷顿循环系统设置有分流再压缩循环。The further improvement of the present invention is that: the supercritical carbon dioxide recompression Brayton cycle system is provided with a split recompression cycle.
本发明进一步的改进在于：第一换热器上设置有出口以排出余热利用后的废气或废液。A further improvement of the present invention is that: the first heat exchanger is provided with an outlet to discharge waste gas or waste liquid after waste heat utilization.
本发明进一步的改进在于：第二换热器上设置有烟囱以排出换热后的废气。The further improvement of the present invention is that: the second heat exchanger is provided with a chimney to discharge the waste gas after heat exchange.
本发明进一步的改进在于：中低温余热热源来自工业生产排放的不同的液体或气体，若热源为燃煤锅炉，则第一换热器的出口与除尘除硫装置的入口相连，除尘除硫装置的出口与引风机的入口相连，引风机的出口与烟囱的入口相连。The further improvement of the present invention is that the heat source of medium and low temperature waste heat comes from different liquids or gases discharged from industrial production. If the heat source is a coal-fired boiler, the outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the dedusting and desulfurizing device, and the dedusting and desulfurizing device The outlet of the induced draft fan is connected with the inlet of the induced draft fan, and the outlet of the induced draft fan is connected with the inlet of the chimney.
本发明的联合发电系统与现有发电系统相比，主要区别在于利用清洁能源风能、利用中低温余热并实现能源的梯级利用。本联合发电系统是利用工业生产排出的中低温余热作为超临界二氧化碳再压缩布雷顿循环中的一次换热热源；利用可再生能源风能带动压缩机压缩空气用于燃烧，利用燃气透平的废气作为超临界二氧化碳再压缩布雷顿循环中的二次换热热源；通过超临界二氧化碳再压缩布雷顿循环及燃气轮机实现联合发电。该系统具有以下几个优点：Compared with the existing power generation system, the combined power generation system of the present invention mainly differs in the use of clean energy wind energy, the use of medium and low temperature waste heat, and the realization of cascaded utilization of energy. The combined power generation system uses the medium and low temperature waste heat discharged from industrial production as a heat source for primary heat exchange in the supercritical carbon dioxide recompression Brayton cycle; uses renewable energy wind energy to drive the compressor to compress air for combustion, and uses the exhaust gas of the gas turbine as the heat source. Secondary heat exchange heat source in supercritical carbon dioxide recompression Brayton cycle; through supercritical carbon dioxide recompression Brayton cycle and gas turbine to realize co-generation. This system has the following advantages:
1、该系统实现了工业中大量被直接排出的中低温余热的梯级利用，有利于降低能源消耗，避免资源浪费。该系统采用中低温余热热源为换热器提供热量，进一步利用了工业废气或废液，不仅提高能源利用率，又降低最终排出废气或废液的温度，保护环境。1. The system realizes the cascade utilization of a large amount of directly discharged medium and low temperature waste heat in the industry, which is conducive to reducing energy consumption and avoiding waste of resources. The system uses a medium and low temperature waste heat source to provide heat for the heat exchanger, and further utilizes industrial waste gas or waste liquid, which not only improves energy utilization, but also reduces the temperature of the final exhaust gas or waste liquid to protect the environment.
2、该系统利用可再生能源风能驱动空气压缩装置，实现了对清洁能源的利用，降低了整个发电系统对不可再生能源的需求，为风能的利用提供了新思路。2. The system uses renewable energy wind energy to drive the air compression device, realizes the utilization of clean energy, reduces the demand for non-renewable energy in the entire power generation system, and provides a new idea for the utilization of wind energy.
3、该系统中采用了超临界二氧化碳再压缩布雷顿循环系统，分流再压缩的设计能避免回热器出现“夹点”，提高系统循环效率。3. The system adopts a supercritical carbon dioxide recompression Brayton cycle system, and the split recompression design can avoid "pinch points" in the regenerator and improve the cycle efficiency of the system.
4、本发明中循环系统采用超临界二氧化碳为工质，由于其自身特性，循环中动力机械的结构更为紧凑，所占空间更小，经济性有所提升。4. The circulation system of the present invention uses supercritical carbon dioxide as the working medium. Due to its own characteristics, the structure of the power machinery in the circulation is more compact, the space occupied is smaller, and the economy is improved.
5、本发明结合风能、燃气和超临界二氧化碳再压缩布雷顿循环系统实现对能源的梯级利用，可达到联合提供稳定供电的目标。5. The present invention combines wind energy, gas and supercritical carbon dioxide recompression Brayton cycle system to realize cascade utilization of energy, and can achieve the goal of jointly providing stable power supply.
附图说明：Description of drawings:
图1是所述的风能、燃气及超临界二氧化碳能源梯级利用联合发电系统。Figure 1 is the cascade utilization combined power generation system of wind energy, gas and supercritical carbon dioxide energy.
图中：1为风力机组，2为变速传动装置，3为第一压缩机，4为燃烧器，5为燃气透平，6为燃气轮机发电机，7为第二换热器，8为中低温余热热源，9为储热罐，10为第一换热器，11为超临界二氧化碳透平，12为高温回热器，13为低温回热器，14为冷却器，15为主压缩机，16为再压缩机，17为发电机。In the figure: 1 is the wind turbine, 2 is the variable speed drive, 3 is the first compressor, 4 is the burner, 5 is the gas turbine, 6 is the gas turbine generator, 7 is the second heat exchanger, 8 is the medium and low temperature Waste heat source, 9 is heat storage tank, 10 is first heat exchanger, 11 is supercritical carbon dioxide turbine, 12 is high temperature regenerator, 13 is low temperature regenerator, 14 is cooler, 15 is main compressor, 16 is a recompressor, and 17 is a generator.
具体实施方式：detailed description:
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
参见图1，本发明一种风能、燃气及超临界二氧化碳能源梯级利用联合发电系统，包括风能采集系统、燃气轮机发电系统、中低温余热利用系统和超临界二氧化碳再压缩布雷顿循环发电系统。Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a combined power generation system for cascade utilization of wind energy, gas and supercritical carbon dioxide energy, including a wind energy collection system, a gas turbine power generation system, a medium and low temperature waste heat utilization system, and a supercritical carbon dioxide recompression Brayton cycle power generation system.
其中，所述的风能采集系统包括风力机组1和变速传动装置2，该风力机组1与变速传动装置2相连，利用风能带动风力机组1产生动能，通过变速传动装置进行转速控制，将稳定的动能输送给第一压缩机3作为动力来源；Wherein, the wind energy collection system includes a wind turbine 1 and a variable speed transmission device 2, the wind turbine 1 is connected to the variable speed transmission device 2, and the wind energy is used to drive the wind turbine 1 to generate kinetic energy, and the speed is controlled by the variable speed transmission device, so that the stable kinetic energy Delivered to the first compressor 3 as a power source;
所述的燃气轮机发电系统包括第一压缩机3、燃烧器4、燃气透平5和燃气轮机发电机6，第一压缩机3通过轴系与变速传动装置2相连，第一压缩机3上设有空气入口，第一压缩机3的出口与燃烧器4的气体入口相连，燃烧器4上设有燃料入口，燃烧器4的出口与燃气透平5的入口相连，燃气透平5的出口与第二换热器7的气体入口相连，燃气透平5通过轴系与燃气轮机发电机6相连。由风力机组1产生的动能经变速传动装置2调控后对第一压缩机3进行驱动，空气由第一压缩机3上的空气入口进入并进行压缩，压缩后的空气由燃烧器4的空气入口进入，燃料由燃烧器4的燃料入口进入，燃料与压缩空气在燃烧器4内燃烧，高温燃气由燃气透平5的入口进入，并在燃气透平5中膨胀做功，通过由轴系连接的燃气轮机发电机6输出电能，做功后的废气由燃气透平5的出口进入第二换热器7的气体入口，提供第二换热器7所需热量；The gas turbine power generation system includes a first compressor 3, a combustor 4, a gas turbine 5 and a gas turbine generator 6, the first compressor 3 is connected to the variable speed transmission 2 through a shaft system, and the first compressor 3 is provided with The air inlet, the outlet of the first compressor 3 are connected with the gas inlet of the burner 4, the burner 4 is provided with a fuel inlet, the outlet of the burner 4 is connected with the inlet of the gas turbine 5, and the outlet of the gas turbine 5 is connected with the first The gas inlets of the two heat exchangers 7 are connected, and the gas turbine 5 is connected with the gas turbine generator 6 through the shaft system. The kinetic energy generated by the wind turbine 1 is regulated by the variable speed transmission device 2 to drive the first compressor 3, the air enters through the air inlet on the first compressor 3 and is compressed, and the compressed air is fed through the air inlet of the burner 4 Enter, the fuel enters through the fuel inlet of the burner 4, the fuel and compressed air burn in the burner 4, the high-temperature gas enters through the inlet of the gas turbine 5, and expands in the gas turbine 5 to perform work. The gas turbine generator 6 outputs electric energy, and the waste gas after doing work enters the gas inlet of the second heat exchanger 7 from the outlet of the gas turbine 5 to provide the heat required by the second heat exchanger 7;
所述的中低温余热利用系统包括中低温余热热源8、储热罐9、第一换热器10，中低温余热热源8的出口与储热罐9的入口相连，储热罐9的出口与第一换热器10的余热入口相连，第一换热器10上设有废气或废液的出口。中低温余热热源8为中低温余热利用系统提供热量来源，中低温余热可以是多种工业生产过程中具有余热利用价值的废气或废液，其通过储热罐9进行热量调控，保证为第一换热器10提供稳定的热量，废气或废液由第一换热器10的余热入口进入换热器与循环工质进行换热，热量交换后的废气或废液经第一换热器10上的出口排出。进一步地，若中低温余热热源8为燃煤锅炉，则第一换热器10的出口应与除尘除硫装置的入口相连，除尘除硫装置的出口与引风机的入口相连，引风机的出口与烟囱的入口相连，以保证排出的燃气达到环保标准。The medium and low temperature waste heat utilization system includes a medium and low temperature waste heat source 8, a heat storage tank 9, and a first heat exchanger 10. The outlet of the medium and low temperature waste heat source 8 is connected to the inlet of the heat storage tank 9, and the outlet of the heat storage tank 9 is connected to the The waste heat inlets of the first heat exchanger 10 are connected, and the first heat exchanger 10 is provided with an outlet of waste gas or waste liquid. The medium and low temperature waste heat heat source 8 provides the heat source for the medium and low temperature waste heat utilization system. The medium and low temperature waste heat can be waste gas or waste liquid with waste heat utilization value in various industrial production processes. The heat is regulated through the heat storage tank 9 to ensure the first The heat exchanger 10 provides stable heat. The exhaust gas or waste liquid enters the heat exchanger from the waste heat inlet of the first heat exchanger 10 to exchange heat with the circulating working fluid. After heat exchange, the waste gas or waste liquid passes through the first heat exchanger 10 on the outlet discharge. Further, if the medium and low temperature waste heat source 8 is a coal-fired boiler, the outlet of the first heat exchanger 10 should be connected with the inlet of the dedusting and desulfurizing device, the outlet of the dedusting and desulfurizing device should be connected with the inlet of the induced draft fan, and the outlet of the induced draft fan It is connected with the inlet of the chimney to ensure that the discharged gas meets the environmental protection standard.
所述的超临界二氧化碳再压缩布雷顿循环发电系统包括第一换热器10、第二换热器7、超临界二氧化碳透平11、高温回热器12、低温回热器13、冷却器14、主压缩机15、再压缩机16、发电机17。第一换热器10的循环工质入口与高温回热器12的低温侧流体出口相连，第一换热器10的循环工质出口与第二换热器7的循环工质入口相连，第二换热器7的循环工质出口与超临界二氧化碳透平11的入口相连，第二换热器7的气体入口与燃气透平5的出口相连，第二换热器7上设有烟囱，超临界二氧化碳透平11的出口与高温回热器12的高温侧流体入口相连，超临界二氧化碳透平11通过轴系与发电机17相连，高温回热器12的高温侧流体出口与低温回热器13的高温侧流体入口相连，低温回热器13的高温侧流体出口处工质分流，一路与冷却器14的入口相连，冷却器14的出口与主压缩机15的入口相连，主压缩机15的出口与低温回热器13的低温侧流体入口相连，低温回热器13的低温侧流体出口与高温回热器12的低温侧流体入口相连；另一路与再压缩机16的入口相连，再压缩机16的出口与高温回热器12的低温侧流体入口相连。超临界二氧化碳再压缩布雷顿循环系统中，工质超临界二氧化碳由高温回热器12的低温侧流体出口流出，由第一换热器10的循环工质入口进入，工质在第一换热器10中进行第一次换热，工质由第一换热器10的循环工质出口流出，由第二换热器7的循环工质入口进入，在第二换热器7中进行第二次换热，第二换热器7的热量由燃气透平5排出的废气提供，第二换热器7上设有换热后排出废气的烟囱，吸热后的工质由第二换热器7的循环工质出口流出，由超临界二氧化碳透平11的入口进入并在其中膨胀做功，带动发电机17输出电能，之后工质由超临界二氧化碳透平11的出口流出，由高温回热器12的高温侧流体入口进入并进行回热，再由高温回热器12的高温侧流体出口流出，进入低温回热器13的高温侧流体入口，在低温回热器13中进行回热，之后，工质由低温回热器13的高温侧流体出口流出，在此处分为两路：1)一路由冷却器14的入口进入，在冷却器14中冷却至主压缩机15的入口温度要求，之后工质从冷却器14的出口流出，由主压缩机15的入口进入，经压缩后由主压缩机15的出口流出，由低温回热器13的低温侧流体入口流入进行预热，再由低温回热器13的低温侧流体出口流出；2)另一路直接由再压缩机16的入口流入进行压缩，之后由再压缩机16的出口排出，与1)中由低温回热器13的低温侧流体出口流出的工质汇合，这两部分工质此时具有相同的温度和压力，汇合后的工质由高温回热器12的低温侧流体入口进入，在高温回热器12中进行再次预热，预热后的工质由高温回热器12的低温侧流体出口流出，由第一换热器10的循环工质入口进入吸热，完成闭式循环。The supercritical carbon dioxide recompression Brayton cycle power generation system includes a first heat exchanger 10, a second heat exchanger 7, a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 11, a high temperature regenerator 12, a low temperature regenerator 13, and a cooler 14 , main compressor 15, re-compressor 16, generator 17. The circulating working medium inlet of the first heat exchanger 10 is connected with the low temperature side fluid outlet of the high temperature regenerator 12, the circulating working medium outlet of the first heat exchanger 10 is connected with the circulating working medium inlet of the second heat exchanger 7, and the second heat exchanger 7 is connected with the circulating working medium inlet. The circulating working medium outlet of the second heat exchanger 7 is connected to the inlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 11, the gas inlet of the second heat exchanger 7 is connected to the outlet of the gas turbine 5, and the second heat exchanger 7 is provided with a chimney. The outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 11 is connected to the high temperature side fluid inlet of the high temperature regenerator 12, the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 11 is connected to the generator 17 through the shaft system, and the high temperature side fluid outlet of the high temperature regenerator 12 is connected to the low temperature regenerator The high-temperature side fluid inlet of the low-temperature regenerator 13 is connected, and the working fluid at the high-temperature side fluid outlet of the low-temperature regenerator 13 is divided, and one path is connected with the inlet of the cooler 14, and the outlet of the cooler 14 is connected with the inlet of the main compressor 15, and the main compressor The outlet of 15 is connected with the low temperature side fluid inlet of low temperature regenerator 13, and the low temperature side fluid outlet of low temperature regenerator 13 is connected with the low temperature side fluid inlet of high temperature regenerator 12; The outlet of the recompressor 16 is connected with the fluid inlet of the low temperature side of the high temperature regenerator 12 . In the supercritical carbon dioxide recompression Brayton cycle system, the working medium supercritical carbon dioxide flows out from the low-temperature side fluid outlet of the high-temperature regenerator 12, and enters through the circulating working medium inlet of the first heat exchanger 10, and the working medium flows out in the first heat exchange The first heat exchange is carried out in the heat exchanger 10, the working fluid flows out from the outlet of the circulating working medium of the first heat exchanger 10, enters through the inlet of the circulating working medium of the second heat exchanger 7, and performs the first heat exchange in the second heat exchanger 7. Secondary heat exchange, the heat of the second heat exchanger 7 is provided by the waste gas discharged from the gas turbine 5, the second heat exchanger 7 is provided with a chimney for discharging the waste gas after heat exchange, and the working medium after heat absorption is provided by the second heat exchanger The circulating working medium of the heater 7 flows out from the outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 11 and expands therein to do work, driving the generator 17 to output electric energy, and then the working medium flows out from the outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide The fluid inlet on the high temperature side of the heater 12 enters and heats up, and then flows out from the fluid outlet on the high temperature side of the high temperature regenerator 12, enters the fluid inlet on the high temperature side of the low temperature regenerator 13, and reheats in the low temperature regenerator 13 , after that, the working medium flows out from the high-temperature side fluid outlet of the low-temperature regenerator 13, and is divided into two paths here: 1) one path enters through the inlet of the cooler 14, and is cooled to the inlet temperature of the main compressor 15 in the cooler 14 Requirements, then the working fluid flows out from the outlet of the cooler 14, enters through the inlet of the main compressor 15, flows out from the outlet of the main compressor 15 after being compressed, and flows in from the low-temperature side fluid inlet of the low-temperature regenerator 13 for preheating. Then flow out from the low-temperature side fluid outlet of the low-temperature regenerator 13; 2) the other path is directly inflowed by the inlet of the re-compressor 16 to be compressed, and then discharged from the outlet of the re-compressor 16, and 1) by the low-temperature regenerator 13 The working fluid flowing out of the low-temperature side fluid outlet of the low-temperature side fluid outlet converges, and the two parts of the working fluid have the same temperature and pressure at this time. Preheating is performed again, and the preheated working fluid flows out from the low-temperature side fluid outlet of the high-temperature regenerator 12, and enters the heat absorption through the circulating working fluid inlet of the first heat exchanger 10, completing a closed cycle.
整个联合发电系统工作时，采用风能驱动，回收利用中低温余热热源、燃气透平排出的废气提供系统换热所需热量，实现能源的梯级利用及综合利用，结合燃气轮机发电系统及超临界二氧化碳再压缩布雷顿循环系统实现稳定的联合发电，所产生的电能最终输入电网。When the whole combined power generation system is working, it is driven by wind energy, recycles and utilizes the waste heat source of medium and low temperature, and the waste gas discharged from the gas turbine provides the heat required for the heat exchange of the system, so as to realize the cascade utilization and comprehensive utilization of energy, combined with the gas turbine power generation system and supercritical carbon dioxide regeneration The compressed Brayton cycle system realizes stable co-generation, and the generated electric energy is finally input into the grid.
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