CN105742822A - Coplanar waveguide feed capacitor-loaded stepped impedance type half-slot antenna - Google Patents
Coplanar waveguide feed capacitor-loaded stepped impedance type half-slot antenna Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
- H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
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Abstract
共面波导馈电电容加载阶跃阻抗的半槽天线涉及一种缝隙天线，该天线包括介质基板(1)、介质基板(1)上的金属地(2)和辐射槽缝(3)、共面波导馈线(4)；金属地(2)上有辐射槽缝(3)；辐射槽缝(3)的一端短路，另一端(6)开路；在辐射槽缝(3)靠近开路端部分有数个电容(7)并联跨接在其边缘，形成低阻槽缝(8)；辐射槽缝(3)其余部分是高阻槽缝(9)；共面波导馈线(4)外导体(5)与金属地(2)相连，其末端内导体(12)跨过高阻槽缝(9)在其边缘(11)，与金属地(2)连接。该天线是多频带工作，可减少天线尺寸、交叉极化、遮挡和改善隔离。
The half-slot antenna with coplanar waveguide feeding capacitively loaded step impedance relates to a slot antenna, which includes a dielectric substrate (1), a metal ground (2) on the dielectric substrate (1) and a radiation slot (3), a common Surface waveguide feeder (4); there is a radiation slot (3) on the metal ground (2); one end of the radiation slot (3) is short-circuited, and the other end (6) is open; there are several A capacitor (7) is connected in parallel across its edge to form a low-resistance slot (8); the rest of the radiation slot (3) is a high-resistance slot (9); the coplanar waveguide feeder (4) outer conductor (5) It is connected to the metal ground (2), and its end inner conductor (12) straddles the high-resistance slot (9) at its edge (11), and is connected to the metal ground (2). The antenna is multi-band operation which reduces antenna size, cross-polarization, shadowing and improves isolation.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种槽缝天线，尤其是一种共面波导馈电电容加载阶跃阻抗的半槽天线。The invention relates to a slot antenna, in particular to a half-slot antenna with step impedance loaded by a coplanar waveguide feeding capacitance.
背景技术Background technique
槽缝天线是振子天线的对偶天线，有着广泛的应用。但是，普通的槽缝天线不仅辐射槽缝本身的长度要有二分之一波长，而且辐射槽缝周围还需要较大的金属地面积，通常金属地的长度比槽缝的长度大二分之一波长，金属地的宽度比槽缝的宽度大二分之一波长。较大的金属地会使得槽缝天线不适合多输入多输出(MIMO)应用，导致天线的交叉极化变差，这些都将导致频谱效率和信道容量的下降。同时槽缝的阻抗很大，还使得槽缝天线馈电传输线的阻抗匹配比较困难。同时现代通信的发展还要求天线可以多频带工作、并且两个频带可以分别调节。The slot antenna is the dual antenna of the dipole antenna and has a wide range of applications. However, the ordinary slot antenna not only needs half the wavelength of the radiation slot itself, but also needs a large metal ground area around the radiation slot, usually the length of the metal ground is 1/2 larger than the length of the slot One wavelength, the width of the metal ground is one-half wavelength larger than the width of the slot. A larger metal ground will make the slot antenna unsuitable for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) applications, resulting in poor cross-polarization of the antenna, which will lead to a decrease in spectral efficiency and channel capacity. At the same time, the impedance of the slot is very large, which also makes it difficult to match the impedance of the slot antenna feeding transmission line. At the same time, the development of modern communication also requires that the antenna can work in multiple frequency bands, and the two frequency bands can be adjusted separately.
发明内容Contents of the invention
技术问题:本发明的目的是提出一种共面波导馈电电容加载阶跃阻抗的半槽天线，该天线不仅可以有多个工作频带，而且多个频带可以分别调节；该天线可以减小辐射槽缝的长度和金属地的面积。Technical problem: the purpose of this invention is to propose a half-slot antenna with coplanar waveguide feeding capacitor loading step impedance, the antenna not only can have a plurality of operating frequency bands, but also a plurality of frequency bands can be adjusted separately; the antenna can reduce radiation The length of the slot and the area of the metal ground.
技术方案：本发明的共面波导馈电电容加载阶跃阻抗的半槽天线包括介质基板、设置在介质基板上的金属地和辐射槽缝、共面波导馈线；介质基板的一面是金属地和共面波导馈线，共面波导馈线的接地面就是金属地；金属地上有辐射槽缝，辐射槽缝的形状是矩形，辐射槽缝位于金属地的中心；辐射槽缝的一端短路，另一端开路；在辐射槽缝靠近开路端部分，有数个电容并联跨接在辐射槽缝的两个边缘，使得辐射槽缝靠近开路端部分的特性阻抗变低，形成低阻槽缝；辐射槽缝的其余部分是高阻槽缝，高阻槽缝和低阻槽缝一起构成阶跃阻抗辐射槽缝，产生一个频率较低的低频工作频带和一个频率较高的高频工作频带；共面波导馈线的一端是天线的端口，共面波导馈线另一端的导体跨过高阻槽缝，在高阻槽缝的边缘，与金属地连接。Technical solution: The half-slot antenna with coplanar waveguide feeding capacitor loading step impedance of the present invention includes a dielectric substrate, a metal ground and a radiation slot arranged on the dielectric substrate, and a coplanar waveguide feeder line; one side of the dielectric substrate is a metal ground and a Coplanar waveguide feeder, the ground plane of the coplanar waveguide feeder is the metal ground; there are radiation slots on the metal ground, the shape of the radiation slot is rectangular, and the radiation slot is located in the center of the metal ground; one end of the radiation slot is short-circuited, and the other end is open ; In the part of the radiation slot near the open end, several capacitors are connected in parallel across the two edges of the radiation slot, so that the characteristic impedance of the radiation slot near the open end becomes lower, forming a low-resistance slot; the rest of the radiation slot Part of it is a high-resistance slot, and the high-resistance slot and the low-resistance slot together form a step impedance radiation slot, which produces a low-frequency working frequency band with a lower frequency and a high-frequency working frequency band with a higher frequency; the coplanar waveguide feeder One end is the port of the antenna, and the conductor at the other end of the coplanar waveguide feeder crosses the high-resistance slot, and is connected to the metal ground at the edge of the high-resistance slot.
改变介质基板的厚度、磁导率和介电常数，可以改变高阻槽缝和低阻槽缝的特性阻抗，改变阶跃阻抗辐射槽缝的高低阻抗比，进而改变天线的低频工作频带的工作频率和高频工作频带的工作频率。Changing the thickness, permeability and permittivity of the dielectric substrate can change the characteristic impedance of the high-resistance slot and the low-resistance slot, change the high-to-low impedance ratio of the step impedance radiation slot, and then change the antenna's low-frequency working frequency band. frequency and the operating frequency of the high-frequency operating band.
改变低阻槽缝的长度、低阻槽缝在辐射槽缝中的位置，可以调节辐射槽缝的电长度，以实现不同程度的天线小型化，还可以改变天线的低频工作频带的工作频率和高频工作频带的工作频率。By changing the length of the low-resistance slot and the position of the low-resistance slot in the radiation slot, the electrical length of the radiation slot can be adjusted to achieve different degrees of miniaturization of the antenna, and the working frequency and The operating frequency of the high-frequency operating frequency band.
改变加载电容的数量、容值和间距，可以调节低阻槽缝的特性阻抗，改变阶跃阻抗辐射槽缝的高低阻抗比，进而改变天线的低频工作频带的工作频率和高频工作频带的工作频率。Changing the number, capacitance and spacing of the loading capacitors can adjust the characteristic impedance of the low-resistance slot, change the high-to-low impedance ratio of the step impedance radiation slot, and then change the working frequency of the antenna's low-frequency working frequency band and high-frequency working frequency band. frequency.
改变辐射槽缝的宽度，可以调节低阻槽缝和高阻槽缝的特性阻抗，改变阶跃阻抗辐射槽缝的高低阻抗比，进而改变天线的低频工作频带的工作频率和高频工作频带的工作频率。Changing the width of the radiation slot can adjust the characteristic impedance of the low-resistance slot and the high-resistance slot, change the high-to-low impedance ratio of the step impedance radiation slot, and then change the working frequency of the low-frequency working frequency band and the high-frequency working frequency band of the antenna. working frequency.
电容并联加载到辐射槽缝的两个边缘，不仅使得槽缝传输线的特性阻抗降低至易于与馈电传输线匹配额，而且还降低了槽缝传输线的相速，使得半波长辐射槽缝的长度减小，实现辐射槽缝进而天线的小型化。共面波导馈电电容加载阶跃阻抗的半槽天线的低频工作频带的工作频率和高频工作频带的工作频率主要由辐射槽缝的谐振频率确定，但是金属地的尺寸、共面波导馈线导体与辐射槽缝连接的位置也可以对天线的工作频率和匹配程度进行调节。由于辐射槽缝既有低阻槽缝又有高阻槽缝，构成了阶跃阻抗的辐射槽缝，不仅使得天线小型化，减小了交叉极化，也减小了金属地的尺寸，而且还可以使得天线有多个工作频带，而且改变低阻槽缝与高阻槽缝的相对长度和阻抗，可以分别调整两个工作频带的位置。由于辐射槽缝3是四分之一波长的谐振结构，比通常两端短路的二分之一波长的辐射槽缝长度要小一半，因此天线的整体尺寸也相应减少，遮挡效应进一步降低。Capacitors are loaded in parallel to the two edges of the radiation slot, which not only reduces the characteristic impedance of the slot transmission line to easily match the feed transmission line, but also reduces the phase velocity of the slot transmission line, reducing the length of the half-wavelength radiation slot. Small, realize the miniaturization of the radiation slot and the antenna. The working frequency of the low-frequency working frequency band and the high-frequency working frequency band of the half-slot antenna with coplanar waveguide feeding capacitance loaded with step impedance are mainly determined by the resonant frequency of the radiation slot, but the size of the metal ground, the coplanar waveguide feeder conductor The position connected with the radiation slot can also adjust the working frequency and matching degree of the antenna. Since the radiation slots have both low-resistance slots and high-resistance slots, the radiation slots with step impedance are formed, which not only makes the antenna miniaturized, reduces the cross polarization, but also reduces the size of the metal ground, and It is also possible to make the antenna have multiple working frequency bands, and by changing the relative length and impedance of the low-resistance slot and the high-resistance slot, the positions of the two working frequency bands can be adjusted respectively. Since the radiating slot 3 is a quarter-wavelength resonant structure, the length of the 1/2-wavelength radiating slot is usually short-circuited by half, so the overall size of the antenna is correspondingly reduced, and the shielding effect is further reduced.
有益效果：本发明的共面波导馈电电容加载阶跃阻抗的半槽天线的有益效果是，该天线可以减小整个天线的电尺寸、实现小型化，同时该天线不仅可以有多个频带，而且多个频带可以分别调节，还具有抑制天线的交叉极化的作用。Beneficial effect: the beneficial effect of the half-slot antenna with coplanar waveguide feeding capacitance loaded with step impedance of the present invention is that the antenna can reduce the electrical size of the entire antenna and realize miniaturization. At the same time, the antenna can not only have multiple frequency bands, Moreover, multiple frequency bands can be adjusted separately, and it also has the effect of suppressing cross-polarization of the antenna.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为共面波导馈电电容加载阶跃阻抗的半槽天线整体结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a half-slot antenna with a step impedance loaded by a coplanar waveguide feeding capacitor.
图中有：介质基板1、金属地2、辐射槽缝3、共面波导馈线4、接地面5、另一端6、电容7、低阻槽缝8、高阻槽缝9、端口10、边缘11和导体12。In the figure there are: dielectric substrate 1, metal ground 2, radiation slot 3, coplanar waveguide feeder 4, ground plane 5, other end 6, capacitor 7, low resistance slot 8, high resistance slot 9, port 10, edge 11 and conductor 12.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.
本发明所采用的实施方案是：共面波导馈电电容加载阶跃阻抗的半槽天线包括介质基板1、设置在介质基板1上的金属地2和辐射槽缝3、共面波导馈线4；介质基板1的一面是金属地2和共面波导馈线4，共面波导馈线4的接地面5就是金属地2；金属地2上有辐射槽缝3，辐射槽缝3的形状是矩形，辐射槽缝3位于金属地2的中心；辐射槽缝3的一端短路，另一端6开路；在辐射槽缝3靠近开路端部分，有数个电容7并联跨接在辐射槽缝3的两个边缘，使得辐射槽缝3靠近开路端部分的特性阻抗变低，形成低阻槽缝8；辐射槽缝7的其余部分是高阻槽缝9，高阻槽缝9和低阻槽缝8一起构成阶跃阻抗辐射槽缝3，产生一个频率较低的低频工作频带和一个频率较高的高频工作频带；共面波导馈线4的一端是天线的端口10，共面波导馈线4另一端的导体12跨过高阻槽缝9，在高阻槽缝9的边缘11，与金属地2连接。The embodiment adopted in the present invention is: the half-slot antenna with coplanar waveguide feeding capacitor loading step impedance includes a dielectric substrate 1, a metal ground 2 and a radiation slot 3 arranged on the dielectric substrate 1, and a coplanar waveguide feeder 4; One side of the dielectric substrate 1 is the metal ground 2 and the coplanar waveguide feeder 4, the ground plane 5 of the coplanar waveguide feeder 4 is the metal ground 2; there is a radiation slot 3 on the metal ground 2, and the shape of the radiation slot 3 is a rectangle, radiating The slot 3 is located at the center of the metal ground 2; one end of the radiation slot 3 is short-circuited, and the other end 6 is open; at the part of the radiation slot 3 close to the open circuit end, several capacitors 7 are connected in parallel across the two edges of the radiation slot 3, The characteristic impedance of the radiation slot 3 close to the open circuit end becomes lower, forming a low resistance slot 8; the rest of the radiation slot 7 is a high resistance slot 9, and the high resistance slot 9 and the low resistance slot 8 together form a stage The jump impedance radiation slot 3 produces a low-frequency operating frequency band with a lower frequency and a high-frequency operating frequency band with a higher frequency; one end of the coplanar waveguide feeder 4 is the port 10 of the antenna, and the conductor 12 at the other end of the coplanar waveguide feeder 4 Cross over the high-resistance slot 9 and connect to the metal ground 2 at the edge 11 of the high-resistance slot 9 .
改变介质基板1的厚度、磁导率和介电常数，可以改变高阻槽缝9和低阻槽缝8的特性阻抗，改变阶跃阻抗辐射槽缝3的高低阻抗比，进而改变天线的低频工作频带的工作频率和高频工作频带的工作频率。Changing the thickness, magnetic permeability and dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 1 can change the characteristic impedance of the high-resistance slot 9 and the low-resistance slot 8, change the high-to-low impedance ratio of the step impedance radiation slot 3, and then change the low frequency of the antenna The working frequency of the working frequency band and the working frequency of the high frequency working frequency band.
改变低阻槽缝8的长度、低阻槽缝8在辐射槽缝3中的位置，可以调节辐射槽缝3的电长度，以实现不同程度的天线小型化，还可以改变天线的低频工作频带的工作频率和高频工作频带的工作频率。By changing the length of the low-resistance slot 8 and the position of the low-resistance slot 8 in the radiation slot 3, the electrical length of the radiation slot 3 can be adjusted to achieve different degrees of antenna miniaturization, and the low-frequency working frequency band of the antenna can also be changed The operating frequency and the operating frequency of the high-frequency operating frequency band.
改变加载电容(7)的数量、容值和间距，可以调节低阻槽缝8的特性阻抗，改变阶跃阻抗辐射槽缝3的高低阻抗比，进而改变天线的低频工作频带的工作频率和高频工作频带的工作频率。By changing the quantity, capacitance and spacing of the loading capacitors (7), the characteristic impedance of the low-resistance slot 8 can be adjusted, the high-to-low impedance ratio of the step impedance radiation slot 3 can be changed, and the working frequency and high The working frequency of the frequency working frequency band.
改变辐射槽缝3的宽度，可以调节低阻槽缝8和高阻槽缝9的特性阻抗，改变阶跃阻抗辐射槽缝3的高低阻抗比，进而改变天线的低频工作频带的工作频率和高频工作频带的工作频率。Changing the width of the radiation slot 3 can adjust the characteristic impedance of the low-resistance slot 8 and the high-resistance slot 9, change the high-to-low impedance ratio of the step impedance radiation slot 3, and then change the working frequency and high frequency of the low-frequency working frequency band of the antenna. The working frequency of the frequency working frequency band.
共面波导馈电电容加载阶跃阻抗的半槽天线的低频工作频带的工作频率和高频工作频带的工作频率主要由辐射槽缝3的谐振频率确定，但是金属地2的尺寸、共面波导馈线4导体12与辐射槽缝3连接的位置也可以对天线的工作频率和匹配程度进行调节。由于辐射槽缝3既有低阻槽缝8又有高阻槽缝9，构成了阶跃阻抗的辐射槽缝3，不仅使得天线小型化，减小了交叉极化，也减小了金属地2的尺寸，而且还可以使得天线有多个工作频带，而且改变低阻槽缝8与高阻槽缝9的相对长度、位置和阻抗，可以分别调整两个工作频带的位置。由于辐射槽缝3是四分之一波长的谐振结构，比通常两端短路的二分之一波长的辐射槽缝长度要小一半，因此天线的整体尺寸也相应减少，遮挡效应进一步降低。The operating frequency of the low-frequency operating frequency band and the operating frequency of the high-frequency operating frequency band of the half-slot antenna with the step impedance loaded by the coplanar waveguide feeding capacitor are mainly determined by the resonant frequency of the radiation slot 3, but the size of the metal ground 2, the coplanar waveguide The position where the conductor 12 of the feeder 4 is connected to the radiation slot 3 can also adjust the working frequency and matching degree of the antenna. Since the radiation slot 3 has both a low-resistance slot 8 and a high-resistance slot 9, a radiation slot 3 with a step impedance is formed, which not only makes the antenna miniaturized, reduces cross-polarization, but also reduces the metal ground 2, but also can make the antenna have multiple working frequency bands, and change the relative length, position and impedance of the low-resistance slot 8 and the high-resistance slot 9, and the positions of the two working frequency bands can be adjusted respectively. Since the radiating slot 3 is a quarter-wavelength resonant structure, the length of the 1/2-wavelength radiating slot is usually short-circuited by half, so the overall size of the antenna is correspondingly reduced, and the shielding effect is further reduced.
在工艺上，共面波导馈电电容加载阶跃阻抗的半槽天线既可以采用普通的印刷电路板(PCB)工艺，也可以采用低温共烧陶瓷(LTCC)工艺或者CMOS、Si基片等集成电路工艺实现。电容7可以根据工作频率选择相应封装的贴片电容7，并根据电容7两引脚电极的距离，选择低阻槽缝8的宽度。In terms of technology, the half-slot antenna with coplanar waveguide feeding capacitor loaded with step impedance can adopt either ordinary printed circuit board (PCB) technology, low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology or CMOS, Si substrate and other integrated Circuit technology is realized. Capacitor 7 can select the chip capacitor 7 of the corresponding package according to the working frequency, and select the width of the low-resistance slot 8 according to the distance between the electrodes of the two pins of the capacitor 7 .
根据以上所述，便可实现本发明。According to the above, the present invention can be realized.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610216979.5A CN105742822A (en) | 2016-04-08 | 2016-04-08 | Coplanar waveguide feed capacitor-loaded stepped impedance type half-slot antenna |
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| CN201610216979.5A CN105742822A (en) | 2016-04-08 | 2016-04-08 | Coplanar waveguide feed capacitor-loaded stepped impedance type half-slot antenna |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106340724A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-01-18 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | Antenna device and mobile terminal |
| CN113725570A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-11-30 | 北京邮电大学 | High-selectivity electrically-reconfigurable SIW band-pass filter and preparation method thereof |
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| WO2006097496A1 (en) * | 2005-03-15 | 2006-09-21 | Fractus, S.A. | Slotted ground-plane used as a slot antenna or used for a pifa antenna |
| US7123200B1 (en) * | 1990-05-02 | 2006-10-17 | Nortel Networks Limited | Sea surface antenna |
| CN104134871A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-11-05 | 南京邮电大学 | High-isolation semi-groove slot antenna array |
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| US7123200B1 (en) * | 1990-05-02 | 2006-10-17 | Nortel Networks Limited | Sea surface antenna |
| WO2006097496A1 (en) * | 2005-03-15 | 2006-09-21 | Fractus, S.A. | Slotted ground-plane used as a slot antenna or used for a pifa antenna |
| CN104134871A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-11-05 | 南京邮电大学 | High-isolation semi-groove slot antenna array |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106340724A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-01-18 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | Antenna device and mobile terminal |
| CN106340724B (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2018-01-19 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | Antenna device and mobile terminal |
| CN113725570A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-11-30 | 北京邮电大学 | High-selectivity electrically-reconfigurable SIW band-pass filter and preparation method thereof |
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