CN105336967A - Bipolar plate structures of fuel cell - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell bipolar plate structure. The fuel cell bipolar plate structure is composed of a plurality of reducing agent plates, a plurality of oxidant plates and a multilayer membrane electrode assembly. The bipolar plate structure designed in the present invention can rationally utilize the cavity formed by the reducing agent plate and the oxidant plate to provide a flow field for the coolant, enabling the coolant to enter the active area in the combination of two substrates; The coolant is introduced into the diversion area flow channel through the coolant diversion channel. Moreover, the flow resistance of the coolant in the bipolar plate can be reduced to a large extent, and the energy consumption of the system can be reduced. The fuel cell bipolar plate structure provided by the invention can reduce the weight and volume of the bipolar plate, so as to improve the capacity density of the fuel cell.

Description

A fuel cell bipolar plate structure

technical field

The invention relates to the field of energy batteries, in particular to a fuel cell bipolar plate structure.

Background technique

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a power generation device that converts chemical energy in fuel into electrical energy through chemical reaction. It has the advantages of high power density and low environmental pollution. The dynamic power source has a broad application prospect, which has attracted more and more countries and enterprises' attention. At present, PEMFC has been successfully applied to passenger buses and cars at home and abroad.

Although great progress has been made in basic and applied research on PEMFC, there is still a considerable distance from commercialization, and cost and life are the key constraints. Bipolar plates are one of the core components of fuel cells, accounting for 70% to 80% of the weight of the entire battery and more than 45% of the cost, and play a very important role in controlling the cost and weight of the entire battery. Therefore, the development of light-weight, thin-layer bipolar plates that are easy to achieve mass production is of great significance for improving the specific power of the stack, reducing the cost of the stack, and promoting the commercialization of PEMFC.

The bipolar plate has the functions of isolating and evenly distributing the reaction gas, collecting and exporting current, and connecting individual cells in series. Its materials mainly include metal materials, graphite materials and composite materials. Due to the good electrical conductivity and chemical stability of graphite materials, they are currently widely used plate materials in PEMFC. However, the shortcomings of graphite materials such as brittleness, poor air tightness, low mechanical strength, and high processing costs are not easy to mass-produce, which limits its industrial application. Compared with graphite materials, metal materials have high mechanical strength, good electrical and thermal conductivity, and are easy to be processed into thin plates, which can greatly increase the specific energy of the stack, making them very competitive bipolar plate materials.

Bipolar plates have different designs due to different plate materials. The graphite bipolar plate is usually composed of a hydrogen plate and an oxygen plate, and the flow field of the cooling water is formed by the combination of the flow field on the back of the hydrogen plate and the oxygen plate. The flow field depth of the cooling water can be processed by machine milling or compression molding according to requirements. Therefore, the flow resistance of cooling water can be controlled within a small range. When other corrosion-resistant thin metal materials are used, the plate processing is carried out by stamping mechanical technology. In order to reduce the weight of the stack, the same as the graphite plate, the metal bipolar plate can be composed of two, three or more metal plates. The cooling water flow field of two metal plates is composed of the hydrogen plate and the back side of the oxygen plate, while the bipolar plate combined with three or more metal plates has a separate coolant plate. However, due to the large number of plates in the combination of three or more metal bipolar plates, the weight and volume of the plates are relatively large, and the weight-to-power ratio of the stack is more than 25% lower than that of the combination of two plates, and the volume-to-power ratio About 40% lower. The combination of two pole plates is more complicated in structure than the combination of three or more pole plates, and the processing is more difficult. Since the metal plate is processed by stamping process, the back of the pole plate cannot form the flow field of cooling water through secondary processing. The flow field and diversion field of the coolant are composed of the back flow channels of the two pole plates. Due to the limitation of the metal material itself, the groove depth of the plate flow field is generally not too deep (<0.75mm), especially in the diversion field part. As a result, the depth of the flow field of each medium of the fuel cell is relatively shallow, and the resistance of the medium in each flow field increases, which increases the difficulty of distribution of the medium in the flow field and the energy consumption of the system.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell bipolar plate structure, which is composed of a plurality of reducing agent plates, a plurality of oxidant plates and a multilayer membrane electrode assembly. The bipolar plate structure designed in the present invention can rationally utilize the cavity formed by the reducing agent plate and the oxidizing agent plate to provide a flow field for the coolant, enabling the coolant to enter the active area in the combination of two substrates; The coolant is introduced into the diversion area flow channel through the coolant diversion channel. Moreover, the flow resistance of the coolant in the bipolar plate can be reduced to a large extent, and the energy consumption of the system can be reduced. The fuel cell bipolar plate structure provided by the invention can reduce the weight and volume of the bipolar plate, so as to improve the capacity density of the fuel cell.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A fuel cell bipolar plate structure, the fuel cell bipolar plate structure comprising: a plurality of reducing agent plates, a plurality of oxidant plates and a multilayer membrane electrode assembly;

A plurality of said oxidant plates and a plurality of said reductant plates are arranged symmetrically at intervals; wherein, each said oxidant plate is symmetrically matched with a corresponding one of said reductant plates to form a pair of bipolar plate structures;

Each layer of the membrane electrode assembly is arranged between the oxidant electrode plates of a pair of bipolar plate structures and the reductant electrode plates of another pair of bipolar plate structures.

A coolant flow field is formed between each pair of bipolar plate structures, a reducing agent flow channel is formed between each reducing agent electrode plate and the corresponding membrane electrode assembly, and each oxidizing agent electrode plate is connected to the corresponding membrane electrode assembly. An oxidant flow channel is formed between the membrane electrode assemblies.

Each of said reductant plates contains:

A reducing agent inlet, the reducing agent enters the reducing agent plate through the reducing agent inlet;

a first reducing agent guiding area, one end of the first reducing agent guiding area is connected to the reducing agent inlet;

A reducing agent active reaction area, the other end of the first reducing agent guiding area is connected to one end of the reducing agent active reaction area;

a second reducing agent guiding area, one end of the second reducing agent guiding area is connected to the other end of the reducing agent active reaction area;

The reducing agent outlet is connected to the other end of the second reducing agent guiding area.

The first reducing agent diversion area contains:

A plurality of first reducing agent guiding channels, one end of each first reducing agent guiding channel is connected to the reducing agent inlet;

A plurality of first reducing agent guiding channel ridges, the plurality of first reducing agent guiding channel ridges are arranged at intervals with the plurality of first reducing agent guiding channels, each of the first reducing agent One end of the diversion channel ridge is connected to the reducing agent inlet;

The reducing agent active reaction area contains:

A plurality of second reducing agent guiding channels, one end of each second reducing agent guiding channel is connected to the other end of the corresponding first reducing agent guiding channel;

A plurality of third reducing agent guiding channels, the plurality of third reducing agent guiding channels and the plurality of second reducing agent guiding channels are arranged at intervals, each of the third reducing agent guiding channels One end is connected to the other end of the corresponding first reducing agent guide channel ridge;

The second reducing agent diversion area contains:

A plurality of fourth reducing agent guiding channels, one end of each fourth reducing agent guiding channel is connected to the other end of the corresponding second reducing agent guiding channel; each of the fourth reducing The other end of the agent guiding channel is connected with the reducing agent outlet;

A plurality of second reducing agent guiding channel ridges, the plurality of second reducing agent guiding channel ridges are arranged at intervals with the plurality of fourth reducing agent guiding channels, each of the second reducing agent One end of the guiding channel ridge is connected to the other end of the corresponding third reducing agent guiding channel, and the other end of each second reducing agent guiding channel ridge is connected to the reducing agent outlet.

The reducing agent enters the multiple first reducing agent guiding channels in the first reducing agent guiding area through the reducing agent inlet, and passes through the multiple second reducing agent guiding channels in the reducing agent active reaction area respectively. The flow channels and the plurality of fourth reducing agent flow guiding channels in the second reducing agent guiding area flow out to the reducing agent outlet.

Each of said oxidizer plates contains:

An oxidant inlet, through which the oxidant enters into the oxidant plate; the oxidant inlet is on the same side of the fuel cell bipolar plate structure as the reducing agent inlet;

a first oxidant flow guide area, one end of the first oxidant flow guide area is connected to the oxidant inlet;

An oxidant active reaction area, one end of the oxidant active reaction area is connected to the other end of the first oxidant flow guide area;

A second oxidant flow guide area, one end of the second oxidant flow guide area is connected to the other end of the oxidant active reaction area;

The oxidant outlet is connected to the other end of the second oxidant flow guide area.

The first oxidant diversion area contains:

A plurality of first oxidant diversion channels, one end of each first oxidant diversion channel is connected to the oxidant inlet;

A plurality of first oxidant flow guiding channel ridges, the plurality of first oxidant guiding channel ridges are arranged at intervals with the plurality of first oxidant guiding flow channels, each of the first oxidant guiding flow channels One end of the ridge is connected to the oxidant inlet; a plurality of the first oxidant flow guide channel ridges respectively intersect with a plurality of the first reducing agent flow guide channel ridges to form a third intersection area;

The active reaction zone of the oxidizing agent contains:

A plurality of second oxidant guiding flow channels, one end of each second oxidant guiding channel is connected to the other end of the corresponding first oxidant guiding channel;

A plurality of third oxidant diversion channels, the plurality of third oxidant diversion channels and the plurality of second oxidant diversion channels are arranged at intervals, one end of each third oxidant diversion channel is connected to the corresponding The other end of the first oxidant guiding channel ridge is connected;

The second oxidant diversion area contains:

A plurality of fourth oxidant diversion channels, one end of each fourth oxidant diversion channel is connected to the other end of the corresponding second oxidant diversion channel; each of the fourth oxidant diversion channels The other end of the channel is connected with the outlet of the oxidant;

A plurality of second oxidant flow guiding channel ridges, a plurality of second oxidant guiding channel ridges and a plurality of fourth oxidant guiding flow channels are arranged at intervals, each of the second oxidant guiding channel One end of the ridge is connected to the other end of the corresponding third oxidant flow guiding channel, and the other end of each second oxidant guiding channel ridge is connected to the oxidant outlet.

The oxidant enters the plurality of first oxidant flow guide channels in the first oxidant guide area through the oxidant inlet, and passes through the multiple second oxidant guide channels in the oxidant active reaction area, the A plurality of fourth oxidant flow guide channels in the second oxidant flow guide area flow out to the oxidant outlet.

The coolant inlet of each pair of bipolar plate structures is on the same side as the oxidant inlet of the oxidizer plate and the reducing agent inlet of the reductant plate, and the coolant outlet of the pair of bipolar plate structures is on the same side as the reductant inlet of the reductant plate. The oxidant outlet of the oxidizer plate and the reductant outlet of the reductant plate are on the same side;

Each pair of the bipolar plate structure contains a plurality of coolant diversion channels;

A plurality of the coolant diversion channels are respectively combined with a plurality of the first reducing agent diversion channel ridges, and a first intersection area is formed at the intersections;

A plurality of the coolant guide flow channels are respectively combined with a plurality of the first oxidant guide flow channel ridges to form a second intersection area at the intersections.

After the coolant enters the plurality of coolant diversion channels from each of the coolant inlets, the coolant enters the reducing agent plate and the oxidizing agent plate respectively;

When the coolant enters the multiple first intersection regions along the plurality of coolant diversion channels, the coolant enters the plurality of first reducing agent diversion regions through the plurality of first intersection regions. runner ridge;

When the coolant enters the plurality of second intersection areas along the plurality of coolant diversion channels, the coolant enters the plurality of first oxidizer diversion flows through the plurality of second intersection regions road ridge.

After the coolant enters the plurality of first reducing agent diversion channel ridges and the plurality of first oxidizer diversion channel ridges; at the plurality of third intersection areas, the coolant is redistributed , so that the coolant can be evenly redistributed to the plurality of first reducing agent guide channel ridges and the plurality of first oxidant guide channel ridges, and enter the coolant flow field.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

The invention discloses a fuel cell bipolar plate structure, which uses a plurality of reducing agent plates, a plurality of oxidant plates and a multilayer membrane electrode assembly to form the fuel cell bipolar plate structure. The bipolar plate structure designed in the present invention can rationally utilize the cavity formed by the reducing agent plate and the oxidizing agent plate to provide a flow field for the coolant, enabling the coolant to enter the active area in the combination of two substrates; The coolant is introduced into the channel of the diversion area through the coolant guide channel, and is introduced into the active cooling reaction zone by using the intersection area of the reductant guide channel ridge of the reductant plate and the oxidant guide channel ridge of the oxidizer plate . Moreover, the flow resistance of the coolant in the bipolar plate can be reduced to a large extent, and the energy consumption of the system can be reduced. The fuel cell bipolar plate structure provided by the invention can reduce the weight and volume of the bipolar plate, so as to improve the capacity density of the fuel cell.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the overall structure of a fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reducing agent plate of a fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an oxidant plate of a fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the crossing area between the coolant guide channel and the reducing agent guide channel of a fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the crossing area between the coolant guide flow channel and the oxidant guide flow channel of a fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the intersection area of the reductant guide flow channel and the oxidant guide flow channel of a fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be further elaborated below by describing a preferred specific embodiment in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a fuel cell bipolar plate structure 100 includes: a plurality of reducing agent plates 2 , a plurality of oxidizing agent plates 1 and a multilayer membrane electrode assembly 3 .

A plurality of oxidizer plates 1 and a plurality of reductant plates 2 are symmetrically arranged at intervals. Wherein, each oxidant electrode plate 1 is arranged symmetrically with a corresponding reducing agent electrode plate 2 to form a pair of bipolar plate structures 100 . Each membrane electrode assembly 3 is arranged between the oxidant electrode plate 1 of one pair of bipolar plate structures 100 and the reducing agent electrode plate 2 of another pair of bipolar plate structures 100 .

A coolant flow field 4 is formed between each pair of bipolar plate structures 100, a reducing agent flow channel 21 is formed between each reducing agent plate 2 and the corresponding membrane electrode assembly 3, and each oxidizing agent plate 1 is connected to the corresponding membrane electrode An oxidant flow channel 11 is formed between the components 3 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , each reductant plate 2 includes: a reductant inlet 201 , a first reductant guide area 202 , a reductant active reaction area 203 , a second reductant guide area 204 and a reductant outlet 205 .

Wherein, the reducing agent enters the reducing agent plate 2 through the reducing agent inlet 201; one end of the first reducing agent guiding area 202 is connected to the reducing agent inlet 201, and the other end of the first reducing agent guiding area 202 reacts with the reducing agent. One end of the region 203 is connected; one end of the second reducing agent guiding region 204 is connected to the other end of the reducing agent active reaction region 203 , and the reducing agent outlet 205 is connected to the other end of the second reducing agent guiding region 204 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the first reducing agent guiding region 202 includes: a plurality of first reducing agent guiding channels 2021 and a plurality of first reducing agent guiding channel ridges 2022 .

Wherein, one end of each first reducing agent guiding channel 2021 is connected to the reducing agent inlet 201; multiple first reducing agent guiding channel ridges 2022 and multiple first reducing agent guiding channels 2021 are arranged at intervals, One end of each first reducing agent guiding flow channel ridge 2022 is connected to the reducing agent inlet 201 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the reducing agent active reaction area 203 includes: a plurality of second reducing agent guiding channels 2031 and a plurality of third reducing agent guiding channels 2032 .

Wherein, one end of each second reducing agent guiding channel 2031 is connected to the other end of the corresponding first reducing agent guiding channel 2021; multiple third reducing agent guiding channels 2032 are connected to multiple second reducing agent The flow guiding channels 2031 are arranged at intervals, and one end of each third reducing agent guiding channel 2032 is connected to the other end of the corresponding first reducing agent guiding channel ridge 2022 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the second reducing agent guiding region 204 includes: a plurality of fourth reducing agent guiding channels 2041 and a plurality of second reducing agent guiding channel ridges 2042 .

Wherein, one end of each fourth reducing agent guiding channel 2041 is connected to the other end of the corresponding second reducing agent guiding channel 2031; the other end of each fourth reducing agent guiding channel 2041 is connected to the reducing agent outlet 205 connections. A plurality of second reducing agent guiding channel ridges 2042 and a plurality of fourth reducing agent guiding channels 2041 are arranged at intervals, and one end of each second reducing agent guiding channel ridge 2042 is connected to the corresponding third reducing agent guiding channel. The other end of the flow channel 2032 is connected, and the other end of each second reducing agent guiding channel ridge 2042 is connected with the reducing agent outlet 205 .

In the present invention, the reducing agent enters the multiple first reducing agent guiding channels 2021 in the first reducing agent guiding area 202 through the reducing agent inlet 201, and passes through the multiple second reducing agents in the reducing agent active reaction area 203 respectively. The agent guiding channel 2031 and the plurality of fourth reducing agent guiding channels 2041 in the second reducing agent guiding region 204 flow out to the reducing agent outlet 205 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , each oxidant plate 1 includes: an oxidant inlet 101 , a first oxidant flow guide area 102 , an oxidant active reaction area 103 , a second oxidant flow guide area 104 and an oxidant outlet 105 .

Wherein, the oxidant enters the oxidant plate 1 through the oxidant inlet 101; the oxidant inlet 101 and the reducing agent inlet 201 are on the same side of the fuel cell bipolar plate structure 100. One end of the first oxidant flow guide area 102 is connected to the oxidant inlet 101, and one end of the oxidant active reaction area 103 is connected to the other end of the first oxidant flow guide area 102; The other end is connected; the oxidant outlet 105 is connected with the other end of the second oxidant flow guiding area 104 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the first oxidant flow guiding region 102 includes: a plurality of first oxidant flow guiding channels 1021 and a plurality of first oxidant guiding channel ridges 1022 .

Wherein, one end of each first oxidant guiding channel 1021 is connected to the oxidant inlet 101 . A plurality of first oxidant flow guiding channel ridges 1022 are arranged at intervals with a plurality of first oxidant guiding flow channels 1021, and one end of each first oxidant guiding flow channel ridge 1022 is connected to the oxidant inlet 101; a plurality of first oxidizing agent The guide channel ridges 1022 intersect with the plurality of first reducing agent guide channel ridges 2022 respectively to form the third intersection region 150 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the oxidant active reaction area 103 includes: a plurality of second oxidant diversion channels 1031 and a plurality of third oxidant diversion channels 1032 .

Wherein, one end of each second oxidant diversion channel 1031 is connected to the other end of the corresponding first oxidant diversion channel 1021; 1031 are arranged at intervals, and one end of each third oxidant flow guiding channel 1032 is connected with the other end of the corresponding first oxidizing agent guiding channel ridge 1022 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the second oxidant flow guiding region 104 includes: a plurality of fourth oxidant flow guiding channels 1041 and a plurality of second oxidant guiding channel ridges 1042 .

Wherein, one end of each fourth oxidant guiding flow channel 1041 is connected to the other end of the corresponding second oxidant guiding flow channel 1031 , and the other end of each fourth oxidant guiding flow channel 1041 is connected to the oxidizing agent outlet 105 . A plurality of second oxidant flow guiding channel ridges 1042 and a plurality of fourth oxidant guiding channel 1041 are arranged at intervals, and one end of each second oxidant guiding channel ridge 1042 is connected to the corresponding third oxidant guiding channel 1032 The other end of each second oxidant guiding channel ridge 1042 is connected with the oxidant outlet 105 .

The oxidant enters the plurality of first oxidant flow channels 1021 in the first oxidant flow area 102 through the oxidant inlet 101, and passes through the plurality of second oxidant flow channels 1031 and the second oxidant flow channels 1031 in the oxidant active reaction area 103 respectively. A plurality of fourth oxidant flow guide channels 1041 in the flow guide area 104 flow out to the oxidant outlet 105 .

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the coolant inlet 401 of each pair of bipolar plate structures 100 is on the same side as the oxidant inlet 101 of the oxidizer plate 1 and the reductant inlet 201 of the reductant plate 2, and the pair of bipolar plates The coolant outlet 402 of the structure 100 is on the same side as the oxidant outlet 105 of the oxidizer plate 1 and the reductant outlet 205 of the reductant plate 2 .

As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , each pair of bipolar plate structures 100 includes a plurality of coolant guiding channels 110 . The plurality of coolant guiding flow channels 110 are respectively intersected and combined with the plurality of first reducing agent guiding channel ridges 2022 , and a first intersection area 130 is formed at the intersections. The plurality of coolant guide flow channels 110 are respectively intersected and combined with the plurality of first oxidant guide channel ridges 1022 , and a second intersection area 140 is formed at the intersections.

As shown in Figures 4-6, the specific working principle of a fuel cell bipolar plate structure disclosed by the present invention is as follows:

The flow process of the reducing agent in the reducing agent plate 2 is as follows: the reducing agent enters the multiple second reducing agent active reaction regions 203 through the multiple first reducing agent guiding channels 2021 in the first reducing agent guiding area 202 . The reducing agent guiding flow channel 2031 , and flows out through the reducing agent outlet 205 through the plurality of fourth reducing agent guiding flow channels 2041 in the second reducing agent guiding area 204 . The flow process of the oxidant in the oxidant plate 1 is as follows: the oxidant enters the plurality of second oxidant flow channels in the oxidant active reaction area 103 through the multiple first oxidant flow channels 1021 in the first oxidant flow guide area 102 1031 , and flow out through the oxidant outlet 105 through a plurality of fourth oxidant flow guide channels 1041 in the second oxidant flow guide area 104 .

After the coolant enters the plurality of coolant guide channels 110 from each coolant inlet 401 , the coolant enters the reducing agent plate 2 and the oxidizing agent plate 1 respectively.

When the coolant enters the plurality of first intersection regions 130 formed by the plurality of first reducing agent guiding channel ridges 2022 and the plurality of coolant guiding channels 110 along the plurality of coolant guiding channels 110 , partial cooling The coolant enters the plurality of first reductant guide flow channel ridges 2022 through the plurality of first intersection regions 130 , and the rest of the coolant is divided into the plurality of coolant guide flow channels 110 . When the coolant enters the plurality of second intersection areas 140 formed by the plurality of first oxidizer flow guiding channels 1022 and the plurality of coolant guiding channels 110 along the plurality of coolant guiding channels 110 , part of the coolant It enters into the plurality of first oxidizer guide flow channel ridges 1022 through the plurality of second intersection regions 140 , and the rest of the coolant is divided into the plurality of coolant guide flow channels 110 .

After the coolant enters the multiple first reducing agent guide channel ridges 2022 and the multiple first oxidant guide channel ridges 1022 respectively; at the multiple third intersection areas 150, the coolant is redistributed, so that cooling After the agent can be evenly redistributed, part of the coolant is divided into a plurality of first reducing agent guide channel ridges 2022, and the remaining coolant is divided into a plurality of first oxidant guide channel ridges 1022, so that the coolant flows in each distribution flow The distribution in the channel is more even. Finally, the coolant enters the coolant flow field 4 .

Although the content of the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be considered as limiting the present invention. Various modifications and alterations to the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. a fuel cell bipolar plate structure, is characterized in that, this fuel cell bipolar plate structure comprises: multiple reducing agent pole plate, multiple oxidant pole plate and Multilayer Film Electrode assembly;

Multiple described oxidant pole plate and multiple described reducing agent polar plate interval are symmetrical arranged; Wherein, each described oxidant pole plate arranges formation a pair bipolar plate structure with corresponding described reducing agent pole plate symmetrical coupling;

Every layer of described membrane electrode assembly is arranged on the described oxidant pole plate of bipolar plate structure described in a pair and another is between the described reducing agent pole plate of described bipolar plate structure.

2. as claim 1 fuel cell bipolar plate structure, it is characterized in that, coolant flow field is formed between often pair of described bipolar plate structure, form reducing agent runner between each described reducing agent pole plate and corresponding described membrane electrode assembly, between each described oxidant pole plate and corresponding described membrane electrode assembly, form oxidant flow channel.

3. as claim 2 fuel cell bipolar plate structure, it is characterized in that, each described reducing agent pole plate comprises:

Reducing agent import, reducing agent enters in described reducing agent pole plate by described reducing agent import;

First reducing agent water conservancy diversion region, the one end in described first reducing agent water conservancy diversion region is connected with described reducing agent import;

Reducing agent active reaction region, the other end in described first reducing agent water conservancy diversion region is connected with the one end in described reducing agent active reaction region;

Second reducing agent water conservancy diversion region, described second one end, reducing agent water conservancy diversion region is connected with the other end in described reducing agent active reaction region;

Reducing agent exports, and is connected with the described second reducing agent water conservancy diversion region other end.

4., as claim 3 fuel cell bipolar plate structure, it is characterized in that,

Comprise in described first reducing agent water conservancy diversion region:

Multiple first reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner, one end of each described first reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner is connected with described reducing agent import;

Multiple first reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner ridge, multiple described first reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner ridge and multiple described first reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner are spaced setting, and one end of each described first reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner ridge is connected with described reducing agent import;

Comprise in described reducing agent active reaction region:

Multiple second reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner, one end of each described second reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner connects with the other end of corresponding described first reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner;

Multiple 3rd reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner, multiple described 3rd reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner and multiple second reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner are spaced, and one end of each described 3rd reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner connects with the other end of corresponding described first reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner ridge;

Comprise in described second reducing agent water conservancy diversion region:

Multiple 4th reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner, one end of each described 4th reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner connects with the other end of corresponding described second reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner; The other end of each described 4th reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner exports with described reducing agent and is connected;

Multiple second reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner ridge, multiple described second reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner ridge and multiple described 4th reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner are spaced setting, one end of each described second reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner ridge connects with the other end of corresponding described 3rd reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner, and the other end of each described second reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner ridge exports with described reducing agent and is connected;

Reducing agent enters the multiple first reducing agent water conservancy diversion runners in described first reducing agent water conservancy diversion region by described reducing agent import, and flows out to the outlet of described reducing agent respectively by the multiple second reducing agent water conservancy diversion runners in described reducing agent active reaction region, the multiple 4th reducing agent water conservancy diversion runners in described second reducing agent water conservancy diversion region.

5. as claim 4 fuel cell bipolar plate structure, it is characterized in that, each described oxidant pole plate comprises:

Oxidant inlet, oxidant enters in described oxidant pole plate by described oxidant inlet; This oxidant inlet and described reducing agent import are in the same side of fuel cell bipolar plate structure;

First oxidant water conservancy diversion region, the one end in described first oxidant water conservancy diversion region is connected with described oxidant inlet;

Anti-oxidant active conversion zone, one end of described anti-oxidant active conversion zone is connected with the other end in described first oxidant water conservancy diversion region;

Second oxidant water conservancy diversion region, described second one end, oxidant water conservancy diversion region is connected with the other end of described anti-oxidant active conversion zone;

Oxidant outlet, is connected with the described second oxidant water conservancy diversion region other end.

6., as claim 5 fuel cell bipolar plate structure, it is characterized in that,

Comprise in described first oxidant water conservancy diversion region:

Multiple first oxidant water conservancy diversion runner, one end of each described first oxidant water conservancy diversion runner is connected with described oxidant inlet;

Multiple first oxidant water conservancy diversion runner ridge, multiple described first oxidant water conservancy diversion runner ridge and multiple described first oxidant water conservancy diversion runner are spaced setting, and one end of each described first oxidant water conservancy diversion runner ridge is connected with described oxidant inlet; Multiple described first oxidant water conservancy diversion runner ridge intersects composition the 3rd cross-point region respectively with multiple described first reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner ridge;

Comprise in described anti-oxidant active conversion zone:

Multiple second oxidant water conservancy diversion runner, one end of each described second oxidant water conservancy diversion runner connects with the other end of corresponding described first oxidant water conservancy diversion runner;

Multiple 3rd oxidant water conservancy diversion runner, multiple described 3rd oxidant water conservancy diversion runner and multiple second oxidant water conservancy diversion runner are spaced, and one end of each described 3rd oxidant water conservancy diversion runner connects with the other end of corresponding described first oxidant water conservancy diversion runner ridge;

Comprise in described second oxidant water conservancy diversion region:

Multiple 4th oxidant water conservancy diversion runner, one end of each described 4th oxidant water conservancy diversion runner connects with the other end of corresponding described second oxidant water conservancy diversion runner; The other end of each described 4th oxidant water conservancy diversion runner is connected with described oxidant outlet;

Multiple second oxidant water conservancy diversion runner ridge, multiple described second oxidant water conservancy diversion runner ridge and multiple described 4th oxidant water conservancy diversion runner are spaced setting, one end of each described second oxidant water conservancy diversion runner ridge connects with the other end of corresponding described 3rd oxidant water conservancy diversion runner, and the other end of each described second oxidant water conservancy diversion runner ridge is connected with described oxidant outlet;

Oxidant enters the multiple first oxidant water conservancy diversion runners in described first oxidant water conservancy diversion region by described oxidant inlet, and flows out to described oxidant outlet respectively by the multiple second oxidant water conservancy diversion runners in described anti-oxidant active conversion zone, the multiple 4th oxidant water conservancy diversion runners in described second oxidant water conservancy diversion region.

7. as claim 6 fuel cell bipolar plate structure, it is characterized in that, the reducing agent import of the coolant inlet of often pair of described bipolar plate structure and the oxidant inlet of described oxidant pole plate, described reducing agent pole plate is in the same side, and this exports be in the same side to the coolant outlet of described bipolar plate structure and the oxidant outlet of described oxidant pole plate, the reducing agent of described reducing agent pole plate;

Multiple cooling agent water conservancy diversion runner is comprised in often pair of described bipolar plate structure;

Multiple described cooling agent water conservancy diversion runner respectively with multiple described first reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner ridge combined crosswise, and form the first cross-point region at infall;

Multiple described cooling agent water conservancy diversion runner respectively with multiple described first oxidant water conservancy diversion runner ridge combined crosswise, and form the second cross-point region at infall.

8., as claim 7 fuel cell bipolar plate structure, it is characterized in that,

After cooling agent enters multiple described cooling agent water conservancy diversion runner from each described coolant inlet, cooling agent enters described reducing agent pole plate, described oxidant pole plate respectively;

When cooling agent enters multiple described first cross-point region along multiple described cooling agent water conservancy diversion runner, cooling agent can enter multiple described first reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner ridge by multiple described first cross-point region;

When cooling agent enters multiple described second cross-point region along multiple described cooling agent water conservancy diversion runner, cooling agent can enter multiple described first oxidant water conservancy diversion runner ridge by multiple described second cross-point region.

9. as claim 8 fuel cell bipolar plate structure, it is characterized in that, after cooling agent enters multiple described first reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner ridge, multiple described first oxidant water conservancy diversion runner ridge respectively; At multiple described 3rd cross-point region place, cooling agent is redistributed, and makes cooling agent again can be assigned to multiple described first reducing agent water conservancy diversion runner ridge, multiple described first oxidant water conservancy diversion runner ridge uniformly, and enters described coolant flow field.