CN106134491B - Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells novel metal bipolar plates - Google Patents
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells novel metal bipolar platesInfo
- Publication number
- CN106134491B CN106134491B CN200410029003.4A CN200410029003A CN106134491B CN 106134491 B CN106134491 B CN 106134491B CN 200410029003 A CN200410029003 A CN 200410029003A CN 106134491 B CN106134491 B CN 106134491B
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- exchange membrane
- proton exchange
- membrane fuel
- fuel cell
- plate
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Abstract
本发明属于燃料电池技术领域，特别提供了一种质子交换膜燃料电池新型金属双极板。本发明的质子交换膜燃料电池新型金属双极板由两块形状完全一样的薄金属板组合而成，两块薄金属板中间粘合一密封圈形成一片带有冷却液流道的双极板，气体和冷却液导流槽与相应流道不相连通，其特征在于：所述薄金属板的流道为平行分布的直流道；本发明质子交换膜燃料电池新型金属双极板具有重量轻、体积小、易密封等特点，因此所装配质子交换膜燃料电池电性能和可靠性能将有显著提高，而成本也将会大幅度下降，满足了质子交换膜燃料电池实用化需要。
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly provides a novel metal bipolar plate of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The new metal bipolar plate of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell of the present invention is composed of two thin metal plates with the same shape, and a sealing ring is bonded between the two thin metal plates to form a bipolar plate with a cooling liquid flow channel , the gas and cooling liquid guide grooves are not connected to the corresponding flow channels, and it is characterized in that: the flow channels of the thin metal plate are straight channels distributed in parallel; the new metal bipolar plate of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell of the present invention has light weight , small size, easy sealing, etc., so the electrical performance and reliability of the assembled proton exchange membrane fuel cell will be significantly improved, and the cost will be greatly reduced, which meets the practical needs of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to fuel cell technology field, a kind of pem fuel is provided especiallyBattery novel metal bipolar plates.
Background technology:
Fuel cell is that a kind of chemical energy by hydrogen and oxygen is directly changed into by electrode reactionThe device of electric energy. The maximum feature of this device is owing to not relating to combustion in course of reactionBurn, therefore its energy conversion efficiency is not subject to the restriction of " Carnot cycle ", and its energy conversion rate is highReach 60%-80%, efficiency of actual is 2-3 times of ordinary internal combustion engine. It is significantly specialPoint is long-time high-power output continuously. In addition, it also has fuel variation, exhaustTotally, noise is low, environmental pollution is little, reliability and the advantage such as maintainability is good.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells becomes fuel day by day with its excellent heavy-current discharge performanceBattery research and development emphasis, its high-specific-power output characteristics has extremely wide in national defense and military fieldsGeneral purposes. Countries in the world are all actively planned this technology for special dimensions such as national defense and militaryResource equipment, to meet growing all kinds Military Electronics electrical installation and Special useThe active demand of environment to high quality power supply.
Practical Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells must possess high-performance, high reliability, low one-tenthRequirement such as this grade. But with regard to current Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells technology, its general technicalAlso, in the research and development stage, battery cost is high, and commercialized running also needs a period of time.Must further improve as applied its Performance And Reliability in the national defence such as space, military affairs field, closeKey technology must be broken through, and wherein most critical is exactly bipolar plate technology.
Bipolar plates is one of critical component of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, and weight accounts for electricity at present75% of heap gross weight, cost accounts for more than 60%. It plays conduction in battery, isolation hydrogenGas and oxygen/air, the evenly important function of transport of reactant gases body. Current bipolar plate material,The technical problem that flow field structure, especially processing cost all exist many urgent needs to solve, for twoThe research of plate technique is just extensively carried out in countries in the world, research direction be mainly graphite material andMetal_based material. Graphite material research concentrates on pure graphite and graphite high molecular binder materialBipolar plates, research contents mainly comprise the optimal seeking of raw and processed materials, runner processing moulding, pole plate conduction andThe aspects such as permeability improvement. But due to the porous breathable of graphite material own and bad mechanical strength etc.Characteristic, causes and adopts the fuel cell pile cost of graphite bi-polar plate very high, energy density low andReliability is relatively low, is difficult to meet the requirement of harsh conditions in battery practical application, currentDeveloping direction is to develop high-performance metal sill bipolar plates. Metal_based material bipolar plates toolThere are the performances such as good electric conductivity, mechanical strength and low cost, to metal_based material bipolar platesResearch concentrates on the one hand and is applicable to Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and is oxidized by force, reduces by force working environmentLower noncorroding metal material preferably, stress on the other hand to develop new efficient, easily processing,Low-cost bipolar plate structure.
The dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell that patent of invention CN1242614A provides is by three layersThin metal forms, and centre is division board, and both sides are the deflector with flow field, between three layers withBrazing mode connects into as a whole. Strip-shaped grooves on deflector by gas access to gasOutlet is continuous, between groove step by step and connect, make trench cross-section long-pending by entrance to exportingDecay step by step, strip-shaped grooves accounts for the 1/2-4/5 of whole work area, and on deflector, groove is adoptedWith line cutting or the processing of electric spark method.
The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells composition metal that patent of invention CN1416184A proposes is twoPole plate is made up of two parts, and a part is that the strip-shaped grooves part corresponding with membrane electrode formsRunner, formed by two block-shaped identical thin metal solder, flow channel shape is snake type,Another part is metal edge frame, and it act as support and fixing flow field and forms air flue and waterRoad, frame and strip-shaped grooves part are by bonding or seam is integral.
The related bipolar plate runner of above-mentioned patented technology is complex-shaped, processes and assemble loaded down with trivial details expenseTime, being difficult for sealing, the volume and weight of bipolar plates does not alleviate, and therefore assembles thusPem fuel heap performance and cost all do not have be improved significantly, they are to bipolar platesImprovement be to be all improved in a certain respect.
Summary of the invention:
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells novel metal bipolar plates of the present invention is block-shaped complete by twoThe same metal sheet combines, and two metal sheet intermediate adhesion one sealing rings form a sliceWith the bipolar plates of cooling liquid flowing channel, gas is not connected with corresponding runner with cooling fluid guiding gutterLogical, it is characterized in that: the straight channel that the runner of described metal sheet is parallel distribution;
Runner, guiding gutter, frame, seal groove, reacting gas and the circulation of described metallic plate are coldBut the import and export of liquid all form on a metal sheet.
It is total that described metallic plate strip trench flow road boss is respectively runner with respect to the height of frame2/3 and 1/3 of height H is mal-distribution.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells novel metal bipolar plates of the present invention has lightweight, volumeThe features such as little, easy sealing, therefore assemble Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells electrical property and reliabilityCan will be significantly increased, and cost also will significantly decline, and has met pem fuelThe practical needs of battery.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is bipolar plates principle assumption diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is A-A ' cutaway view in Fig. 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the working state figure in metallic plate strip trench flow of the present invention road.
Fig. 4 is middle-jiao yang, function of the spleen and stomach pole plate principle assumption diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is minus plate principle assumption diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 6 fuel cell test performance of the present invention
Detailed description of the invention:
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells novel metal bipolar plates employing 0.10 of the present invention～Austenitic stainless steel, titanium and the alloy thereof that 0.50mm is thick or the metal sheet of its corrosion resistant alloy,First on metal sheet, stamp out strip-shaped grooves runner, guiding gutter and seal groove part, subsequently againBlanking goes out reacting gas and circulating cooling liquid is imported and exported square through hole. According to pem fuelThe operating current of battery is determined punching press flow area and clear size of opening, for ensureing the equal of reacting gasThe product water that even distribution and battery discharge generate discharges in time, the Aspect Ratio of Thin Rectangular metallic plateBe 1～2.5. The metal sheet of two block-shaped identical punching presses, blanking moulding is passed throughSealing ring is bonded together and just forms a slice bipolar plates, and its thickness can be controlled in as requiredBetween 1.5～3.5mm, structure as shown in Figure 1. Strip-shaped grooves flow passage structure as shown in Figure 2,The boss of strip-shaped grooves runner relatively around frame height is divided into again two of convex platform and lower convex platformsPoint. Convex platform height is 2/3 of strip-shaped grooves runner overall height H. Lower convex platform height is bar1/3 of shape groove runner overall height H, the width 1.5～6.0mm of convex platform, the width of lower convex platform1.0～4.0mm, strip-shaped grooves straight channel is width 0.5～4.0mm.
Import and export and metal sheet surrounding at each reacting gas and circulating cooling liquid strike outType integrated sealing groove, is conducive to cell sealing, can effectively prevent between reacting gas, reactBetween gas and circulating cooling liquid, alter mutually with reacting gas and leak outside.
Bipolar plates 1 is combined by two block-shaped identical metal sheets, upper metal sheetFor positive plate 2, lower metal sheet is minus plate 3, and between cathode-anode plate, adhesive seal circle 4 formsBipolar plates 1. It is the direct current that is stamped to form, is completely parallel distribution at the mid portion of thin metalRoad 5, straight channel is shaped as strip-shaped grooves. The boss of strip-shaped grooves straight channel is frame relatively around6 are divided into highly again convex platform 7 and lower convex platform 8 two parts. Convex platform 7 is highly strip-shaped grooves2/3 of straight channel 5 total heights, form reaction gas passage 9. Lower convex platform 8 is highly strip1/3, two block of thin metal being superimposed together by sealing ring 4 of groove straight channel 5 total heightsThe lower convex platform 8 of plate is not only conducive to cathode-anode plate and effectively contacts, and also forms one completely directly with grooveThe coolant channel 10 of row, can strictly control electricity by controlling coolant flow and flow velocityPond internal temperature, temperature and current density that row is beneficial to battery active reaction region are uniformly distributed,Improve battery performance. Above metal sheet runner, blanking has through hole 11,12,13 respectively,Below metal sheet runner, blanking has through hole 14,15,16 respectively, through hole 11,12,15,16 adjacents respectively punching press row shape are similarly the guiding gutter 17,18,19,20 of strip-shaped grooves,Guiding gutter 18,20 is not communicated with runner 5. Through hole 11,16 and guiding gutter 17,19 formReacting gas is imported and exported passage 9, and through hole 12,15 and guiding gutter 18,20 form cooling agent and enterExit passageway 10. In each through hole 11,12,13,14,15,16 and metal sheet surroundingPunch forming integrated sealing groove 21, is conducive to cell sealing, can effectively prevent reacting gasBetween, between reacting gas and circulating cooling liquid, alter mutually with reacting gas and leak outside.
The invention provides a kind of novel pem fuel metal double polar plate structure, adoptRunner, frame, seal groove, reacting gas and the circulating cooling of the metal double polar plates of this kind of structureThe import and export of liquid adopt punching press and the machine-shaping on a metal sheet of blanking method, and runner becomesMould processing is simple, is applicable to automatic batch production, can greatly reduce bipolar plates processing cost.
The present invention has brought into play the following function of bipolar plates fully: 1, punch forming metal bipolarPlate guarantees that fuel gas is impermeable mutually, also has good conduction and heat conductivility simultaneously; 2,Guiding gutter can ensure fuel gas and oxidant gas is unobstructed, distribution equably; 3, strike outType strip-shaped grooves runner has compared with the convex platform of large platform area, can effectively reduce bipolar platesContact resistance, ensures being uniformly distributed of electric current; 4, punch forming strip-shaped grooves runner lower protrudingPlatform effectively contacts cathode-anode plate, reduces the contact resistance between cathode-anode plate; 5, be with cooling meritCan the used heat of bipolar plates can be in time by battery discharge time take out of, guarantee internal temperature of batteryBe uniformly distributed, be particularly suitable for high power fuel cell heap and use; 6, seal groove structure can makeBattery is effectively realized sealing, has simplified battery assembling, improves battery assembly yield and pile behaviourSecurity while operation.
The present invention adopts above-mentioned thin metal dual-pole board and W.L.Gore&Associates Inc.PRIMEA 5561 membrane electrodes and the monocell test performance of carbon cloth diffusion layer assembling as Fig. 7 instituteShow, test condition is: Hydrogen Vapor Pressure 0.10Mpa, and, air pressure 0.12Mpa, reacting gas phaseHumidity is to 100%RH, 70 DEG C of battery temperatures, hydrogen metering ratio is 1.2, air measures than being
2.0。
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200410029003.4A CN106134491B (en) | 2004-04-07 | 2004-04-07 | Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells novel metal bipolar plates |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200410029003.4A CN106134491B (en) | 2004-04-07 | 2004-04-07 | Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells novel metal bipolar plates |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106134491B true CN106134491B (en) | 2011-01-12 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200410029003.4A Expired - Lifetime CN106134491B (en) | 2004-04-07 | 2004-04-07 | Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells novel metal bipolar plates |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN106134491B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105336967A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-02-17 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Bipolar plate structures of fuel cell |
| CN109119654A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-01 | 武汉喜玛拉雅光电科技股份有限公司 | A kind of bipolar plates and fuel cell |
-
2004
- 2004-04-07 CN CN200410029003.4A patent/CN106134491B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105336967A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-02-17 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Bipolar plate structures of fuel cell |
| CN109119654A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-01 | 武汉喜玛拉雅光电科技股份有限公司 | A kind of bipolar plates and fuel cell |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR03 | Grant of secret patent right | ||
| DC01 | Secret patent status has been lifted | ||
| DCSP | Declassification of secret patent | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20110112 |