CN105294088B - The preparation process of mud Xing Juntao - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation process of Nixing Jun pottery, which includes preparing a blank, molding the blank, drying the blank, decorating the blank and firing the blank. The decoration of the blank is to apply a layer of low-temperature Glaze; the low-temperature glaze is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of quartz, 6-10 parts of calcite, 8-15 parts of borax, 8-12 parts of feldspar, 2-5 parts of spodumene, cordierite 3 to 5 parts, 1 to 3 parts of copper oxide, 3 to 5 parts of zinc oxide, 2 to 3 parts of Dongni, and 1 to 2 parts of Xini. The sintering temperature of the glaze of the present invention is compatible with the green body, and the expansion coefficient is slightly lower than that of the green body, which can effectively avoid glaze cracking, deglazing and other phenomena. The three-stage firing process can also effectively promote the formation of the intermediate layer of the blank glaze, increase its thickness and density, and make the blank glaze tightly bonded, thereby avoiding defects such as glaze cracking and deglazing.

Description

Preparation Technology of Nixing Jun Pottery

technical field

The invention relates to a preparation process of Nixing pottery, in particular to a preparation process of Nixing Jun pottery.

Background technique

The preparation process of Nixing pottery in Qinzhou mainly includes the following steps: 1) Preparation of blanks: The blanks are made of pottery clay materials, and the unique East and West clay in Qinzhou are selected as raw materials. The Dongni is the soil in the area east of the Qinjiang River across the urban area of Qinzhou City, mostly in low-lying areas. The soil is dense and soft, soft clay, yellow-white in color, and contains a small amount of quartz sand. Xini is the soil in the area west of the Qinjiang River across the urban area of Qinzhou City. The storage area is mainly on hillsides. The soil is dense and massive, containing a small amount of K ₂ O, Na ₂ O, CaO, MgO, Fe ₂ O ₃ , TiO ₂ , SiO ₂ , MnO ₂ , is a kind of purple mudstone with high iron content, the color is purple red, the surface layer has a small amount of iron dissemination, it is hard clay, and its plasticity and bonding are worse than Dongni. Mix 40-60% of Dongni and 60-40% of Xini, and make blanks by plastic method and grouting method; 2) Forming: use the blanks to make blanks of various types; 3) Trimming: Trim the green body to meet the design requirements; 4) Dry the green body: dry the green body to drain the water from the green body; for example, use indoor drying method, air drying method, sun drying method or other existing and feasible drying methods ; 5) Decorate the green body: use the engraving process to decorate the green body. 6) Firing: Put the decorated body into a kiln, slowly raise the temperature to 1100-1200°C, keep it warm at this temperature for 1-2 hours, and leave the kiln after cooling, which is Nixing pottery.

Jun porcelain is one of the five famous kiln porcelains in the Song Dynasty. It is a treasure in the traditional porcelain making process of the Han nationality. The kiln transformation phenomenon of Jun porcelain means that the Jun glaze melts and flows at high temperature, and the opacity and coloring colors undergo complex interlaced changes, making the glaze color colorful, with purple, red, blue and white intertwining each other, giving people a great feeling. The ever-changing beauty of nature. The art of Jun porcelain kiln transformation lies in the successful creation and firing of copper red glaze, which can vividly display the flow traces of the glaze under high temperature, and present a magnificent colored glaze with special aesthetic feeling and artistic appeal. This kind of kiln transformation art of Jun porcelain has changed the unobstructed glass texture of porcelain in the past dynasties, and integrated the unique natural beauty, artistic beauty and lofty ideal beauty of porcelain to create colorful and unique art works.

In order to enhance the decorative effect of Nixing pottery, Nixing pottery and Jun porcelain are combined. On the basis of retaining the characteristics of traditional Nixing pottery, Nixing Jun pottery is fired with Jun glaze, which can not only retain the antique tradition of Nixing pottery The characteristics of kiln transformation and the crystal color of Jun porcelain can greatly enhance the product performance and artistic value of Nixing pottery. However, the chemical composition of the Nixing pottery body and Jun glaze is quite different, and the Jun glaze is not compatible with the body. The thickness of the middle layer of the body glaze formed is only 15-20 μm, and the middle layer is loose, consisting of a large number of pores and large pores. Particles are very prone to defects such as deformation, cracking, deglazing, and glaze absorption.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a preparation process of Nixing Jun pottery. The middle layer of the finished product body glaze is thick and dense, so that the body glaze is tightly bonded, without cracking and deglazing.

The technical solution provided by the present invention is to provide a preparation process of Nixing Jun pottery, which includes preparing blanks, forming blanks, drying blanks, decorating blanks and firing blanks. The decoration of blanks is done after drying blanks A layer of low-temperature glaze is applied on top; the low-temperature glaze is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of quartz, 6-10 parts of calcite, 8-15 parts of borax, 8-12 parts of feldspar, 2-2 parts of spodumene 5 parts, 3-5 parts of cordierite, 1-3 parts of copper oxide, 3-5 parts of zinc oxide, 2-3 parts of Dongni, and 1-2 parts of Xini.

The addition of quartz is mainly to provide SiO ₂ , improve the mechanical strength and hardness of the glaze, and reduce the expansion coefficient of the glaze;

Calcite is added mainly to provide CaO to improve the hardness and luster of the glaze. And CaO and SiO ₂ are combined to form glass, which can enhance the bonding performance of the blank glaze;

Borax is a strong auxiliary solvent, which can greatly reduce the sintering temperature of the glaze, so that the sintering temperature of the glaze can be adapted to the green body. Borax can also reduce the expansion coefficient of the glaze, so that the expansion coefficient of the glaze is lower than that of the green body, greatly reducing glaze cracking Phenomenon;

Potassium feldspar provides alkali metal, acts as a strong flux, greatly reduces the melting temperature of the glaze, makes the glaze have good transparency, and can also reduce the expansion coefficient of the glaze;

Cordierite reacts violently with spodumene, which helps the rapid development of the middle layer, promotes the mutual penetration of the body and the glaze, increases the thickness of the middle layer, and improves the bonding of the body glaze;

Both zinc oxide and copper oxide have a certain solvent effect, which can reduce the melting temperature of the glaze and reduce the expansion coefficient.

The east clay and west clay are clay to improve the adhesion between the glaze and the green body.

Due to the joint effect of the above ingredients, the sintering temperature of the glaze and the green body is compatible with that of the green body, and the expansion coefficient is slightly lower than that of the green body, which greatly improves the bonding performance of the green body glaze.

The thickness of the low-temperature glaze layer is 0.5-1 mm.

In the process of green body firing, it is divided into three-stage firing. In the initial stage of firing, the temperature is raised to 500-600°C at a rate of 80-100°C per hour. The heating rate at this stage is relatively low. , mainly to slow down the dehydration of clay minerals, thereby slowing down the shrinkage of the green body and preventing the green body from cracking;

In the mid-firing stage, the temperature is raised to 900-950°C at a rate of 200-250°C per hour. The heating rate at this stage is faster, because the moisture in the body and glaze layer is basically eliminated at this stage, and the temperature is accelerated. The speed will not cause cracking of the green body and the glaze layer. Keeping the temperature at 900-950°C for 1-2 hours can ensure that SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O ₃ form enough aluminum-silicon spinel (2Al ₂ O ₃ 3SiO ₂ ), and make the Al-Si spinel have enough time to evenly distribute in the middle layer of the blank glaze, so that the middle layer of the blank glaze is thickened and dense, without large particles and pores, mainly composed of tiny crystal grains and glass phase Mainly, the green body and glaze are closely combined to improve the flexural strength, thermal shock resistance and crack resistance.

In the later stage of sintering, the temperature rises to 1000-1020°C at a rate of 100-150°C per hour. At this time, a large amount of mullite is formed. Extend the holding time to 3-4 hours, and the new liquid phase of mullite will be formed. Greatly increased, and there is enough time to evenly distribute in the middle layer of the blank glaze, so that the thickness of the blank glaze middle layer is greatly increased and dense, and the strength is greatly enhanced, thereby improving the bonding performance of the blank glaze. At the same time, because the firing temperature is only 1000-1020°C, which is lower than the conventional firing temperature of Nixing pottery, it avoids the problem of over-burning of Nixing pottery products caused by long-term heat preservation.

As a preference, the firing of the above green body is to send the decorated green body into the kiln, gradually increase the temperature, first raise the temperature to 550-600°C at a rate of 80-100°C per hour, and then Raise the temperature to 925-950°C at a rate of 200-250°C per hour, keep at this temperature for 1.5-2 hours, and then raise the temperature to 1000-1020°C at a rate of 100-150°C per hour. Keep warm at this temperature for 3.5 to 4 hours, and then leave the kiln after cooling to obtain Nixing Jun pottery.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) The sintering temperature of the glaze of the present invention is compatible with the green body, and the expansion coefficient is slightly lower than that of the green body, so that the middle layer of the glaze of the green body is thick and dense, which can effectively avoid glaze cracking, deglazing and other phenomena.

2) The present invention adopts a three-stage firing process, which can effectively promote the formation of the intermediate layer of the base glaze, increase its thickness and density, and make the base glaze tightly bonded, thereby avoiding defects such as glaze cracking and deglazing.

3) The Nixing Jun pottery made by the present invention not only retains the simple and simple atmosphere of Nixing pottery, but also has the gorgeous and crystal clear luster of Jun porcelain, which greatly improves the product performance and artistic value of Nixing pottery.

Detailed ways

The following specific examples further illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

Example 1

1) After drying 100 Nixing pottery teapot blanks with a diameter of 15 cm made by the conventional method, apply a layer of low-temperature glaze with a thickness of 0.5 mm on the surface of the blank; the low-temperature glaze is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight : 50 parts of quartz, 6 parts of calcite, 8 parts of borax, 8 parts of feldspar, 2 parts of spodumene, 3 parts of cordierite, 1 part of copper oxide, 3 parts of zinc oxide, 2 parts of Dongni, 1 part of Xini;

2) Send the decorated green body into the kiln, and gradually increase the temperature, first raise the temperature to 500°C at a rate of 80°C per hour, and then increase the temperature at a rate of 200°C per hour. The temperature is raised to 900°C, kept at this temperature for 1 hour, and then raised to 1000°C at a rate of 100°C per hour, kept at this temperature for 3 hours, cooled and then taken out of the kiln to obtain Nixing Jun pottery.

According to statistics, there are 100 complete Nixingjun pottery products. After testing, the thickness of the middle layer is 85 μm.

Example 2

1) After drying 100 Nixing pottery teapot blanks with a diameter of 20 cm made by the conventional method, apply a layer of low-temperature glaze with a thickness of 1 mm on the surface of the blank; the low-temperature glaze is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: quartz 60 parts, 10 parts of calcite, 15 parts of borax, 12 parts of feldspar, 5 parts of spodumene, 5 parts of cordierite, 3 parts of copper oxide, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of Dongni, 2 parts of Xini;

2) Send the decorated body into the kiln, and gradually increase the temperature, first raise the temperature to 600°C at a rate of 100°C per hour, and then increase the temperature at a rate of 250°C per hour. The temperature is raised to 950°C, kept at this temperature for 2 hours, and then raised to 1020°C at a rate of 150°C per hour, kept at this temperature for 4 hours, cooled and then taken out of the kiln to obtain Nixing Jun pottery.

According to statistics, there are 100 complete Nixingjun pottery products. After testing, the thickness of the middle layer is 86 μm.

Example 3

1) After drying 100 Nixing pottery teapot blanks with a diameter of 25 cm made by the conventional method, apply a layer of low-temperature glaze with a thickness of 0.8 mm on the surface of the blank; the low-temperature glaze is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of quartz, 8 parts of calcite, 12 parts of borax, 10 parts of feldspar, 4 parts of spodumene, 4 parts of cordierite, 2 parts of copper oxide, 4 parts of zinc oxide, 2.5 parts of Dongni, 1.5 parts of Xini;

2) Send the decorated green body into the kiln, and gradually increase the temperature, first raise the temperature to 580°C at a rate of 90°C per hour, and then increase the temperature at a rate of 225°C per hour. The temperature is raised to 935°C, kept at this temperature for 1.5 hours, and then raised to 1010°C at a rate of 125°C per hour, kept at this temperature for 3.8 hours, cooled and then taken out of the kiln to obtain Nixing Jun pottery.

According to statistics, there are 99 intact Nixingjun pottery products, of which 1 has cracked glaze. After testing, the thickness of the middle layer is 85 μm.

Example 4

1) After drying 100 Nixing pottery teapot blanks with a diameter of 30 cm made by the conventional method, apply a layer of low-temperature glaze with a thickness of 0.5 mm on the surface of the blank; the low-temperature glaze is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of quartz, 10 parts of calcite, 8 parts of borax, 12 parts of feldspar, 2 parts of spodumene, 5 parts of cordierite, 1 part of copper oxide, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 2 parts of Dongni, 2 parts of Xini;

2) Send the decorated green body into the kiln, and gradually increase the temperature, first raise the temperature to 550°C at a rate of 80°C per hour, and then increase the temperature at a rate of 250°C per hour. The temperature is raised to 925°C, kept at this temperature for 1.5 hours, and then raised to 1020°C at a rate of 150°C per hour, kept at this temperature for 3.5 hours, cooled and then taken out of the kiln to obtain Nixing Jun pottery.

According to statistics, there are 98 intact Nixingjun pottery products, and 2 cracked glazes. After testing, the thickness of the middle layer is 88 μm.

Claims (3)

1. The preparation process of Nixing Jun pottery, including preparing blanks, forming blanks, drying blanks, decorating blanks and firing blanks, characterized in that: the decoration of blanks is to apply a layer of low-temperature Glaze; the low-temperature glaze is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of quartz, 6-10 parts of calcite, 8-15 parts of borax, 8-12 parts of feldspar, 2-5 parts of spodumene, cordierite 3 to 5 parts, 1 to 3 parts of copper oxide, 3 to 5 parts of zinc oxide, 2 to 3 parts of Dongni, 1 to 2 parts of Xini; The firing of the green body is to send the decorated green body into the kiln, gradually increase the temperature, first raise the temperature to 500-600°C at a rate of 80-100°C per hour, and then Increase the temperature by 200-250°C per hour to 900-950°C, keep it at this temperature for 1-2 hours, and then increase the temperature by 100-150°C per hour to 1000-1020°C. Keep it warm at high temperature for 3 to 4 hours, and then leave the kiln after cooling to get the finished Nixingjun pottery. 2. The preparation process of Nixing Jun pottery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the low-temperature glaze layer is 0.5-1 mm. 3. The preparation process of Nixing Jun pottery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the firing of the green body is to send the decorated green body into the kiln, and gradually increase the temperature, first at an hourly rate Raise the temperature by 80-100°C to 550-600°C, then raise the temperature to 925-950°C by 200-250°C per hour, keep the temperature at this temperature for 1.5-2 hours, and then Raise the temperature to 1000-1020°C at a rate of 100-150°C per hour, keep the temperature at this temperature for 3.5-4 hours, and leave the kiln after cooling to obtain the finished product of Nixingjun pottery.