CN105129016B - Battery-operated motor cycle pendant bends conical pendulm formula self-adapting automatic gear shift drive assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a side-hanging bow-cone pendulum type self-adaptive automatic variable speed drive assembly of an electric motorcycle, which includes a box body, a transmission shaft, a slow gear transmission mechanism, a mechanically intelligent self-adaptive speed change assembly, and a slow gear transmission mechanism. An annular depression is formed on the axial end surface of the outer ring of the overrunning clutch, and the inner ring is rotatably fitted in the annular depression and the meshing space is formed between the outer circle of the inner ring and the radially outer inner wall of the annular depression. The meshing pair outputs the power and locks the variable speed elastic element; the invention avoids the structure in which the inner ring is directly supported on the transmission shaft in the traditional structure, and also avoids the problem of the transmission error being amplified on the overrunning clutch, not only ensuring the overall stability of the overrunning clutch, It also enables the transmission to maintain stable support during long-term operation, reduce operating noise, ensure operating comfort and improve transmission efficiency, thereby reducing energy consumption; it also improves service life and operating accuracy, and is suitable for heavy-duty and high-speed environments.

Description

Side-mounted bow cone pendulum type self-adaptive automatic variable speed drive assembly for electric motorcycle

technical field

The invention relates to a motor vehicle transmission, in particular to a side-mounted bow-cone-pendulum self-adaptive automatic transmission drive assembly of an electric motorcycle.

Background technique

In the prior art, automobiles, motorcycles, and electric bicycles basically directly control the throttle or current control speed through a speed control handle or an accelerator pedal, or use a manual mechanical automatic transmission mechanism to realize speed change. The operation of the handle or accelerator pedal depends entirely on the driver's operation, which often causes a mismatch between the operation and the driving conditions, resulting in unstable operation of the motor or engine, and stalling.

When the motor vehicle is operated and controlled by the rider only based on experience without knowing the driving resistance, the following problems inevitably exist: 1. When starting, going uphill and with a large load, the motor or motor is forced to The engine speed drops to work in the low efficiency area. 2. Since there is no mechanical transmission to adjust the torque and speed, it can only be used in plain areas, and cannot be used in mountainous, hilly and heavy-load conditions, which reduces the scope of use; 3. The installation space at the drive wheel is small, and an engine or motor is installed It is difficult to accommodate automatic transmission and other new technologies in the future; 4. It does not have the function of self-adaptation, and cannot automatically detect, correct and eliminate the driver's operation errors; Resistance is hard to match. 6. The continuation distance is short, the climbing ability is poor, and the adaptability range is small.

In order to solve the above problems, the inventors of the present application have invented a series of cam adaptive automatic transmission devices, which use driving resistance to drive the cam to achieve the purpose of automatic gear shifting and adaptive matching of vehicle speed output torque according to driving resistance, which has a good application effect ; Although the aforementioned cam adaptive automatic transmission has the above-mentioned advantages, its stability and high efficiency are greatly improved compared with the prior art, but the structure of some parts is relatively complicated, the volume of the transmission is large, and the deformation of the long-term running parts is obvious, and there is no stability. support, resulting in greater operating noise, affecting operating comfort and affecting transmission efficiency, resulting in higher energy consumption; and, due to the use of multiple cam structures, the stability is still not ideal; although the service life is somewhat better than that of the existing technology However, according to the structural analysis, there is still room for improvement in the service life; at the same time, because the slow gear transmission adopts the cam pair transmission, although the variable speed elastic element 2 can be locked, there will be frustration and noise during the return process , increasing the added discomfort.

Therefore, there is a need for an improvement to the above-mentioned cam adaptive automatic transmission device, which can not only automatically perform gear shifting without cutting off the driving force according to the change of driving resistance, but also solve the problem that the torque-rotational speed change is small and cannot be used on roads under complex conditions. problems; long-term operation still guarantees stable support, reduces operating noise, and has better stability and smoothness when the slow transmission is returned to release the variable speed elastic member, eliminating frustration and noise, which is conducive to further improving work efficiency. Better energy-saving and consumption-reducing effect, and prolong service life.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a side-mounted bow-cone pendulum adaptive automatic transmission drive assembly of an electric motorcycle, which can not only automatically perform gear shifting without cutting off the driving force when the driving resistance changes, Solve the problem that small torque-rotational speed changes cannot meet the problem of road use under complex conditions; long-term operation can still ensure stable support, reduce operating noise, and have better stability and smoothness when the slow gear transmission returns to release the variable speed elastic member, Elimination of frustration and noise is conducive to further improving work efficiency, has better energy saving and consumption reduction effects, and improves service life.

The side-hanging bow-cone pendulum type self-adaptive automatic variable speed drive assembly of the electric motorcycle of the present invention includes a box body and a transmission shaft that rotates with the box body and outputs the power, and the box body has a device for side-hanging and being installed on the wheel hub side. The installation part also includes the slow gear transmission mechanism and the mechanical intelligent adaptive transmission assembly arranged on the transmission shaft;

The mechanical intelligent adaptive speed change assembly includes the axial outer tapered sleeve of the annular body, the axial inner tapered sleeve of the annular body and the variable speed elastic element 2;

The inner circle of the axially inner taper sleeve of the torus is an axial cone surface, the outer circle of the axially outer taper sleeve of the torus is an axial taper surface, and the axially inner taper sleeve of the torus is set on the circle in a manner that the cone surfaces cooperate with each other. The outer circumference of the axial outer taper sleeve of the ring body forms a conical surface transmission pair for transmitting fast gear; the variable speed elastic element 2 is applied so that the tapered surface of the axial outer taper sleeve of the annular body is in close contact with the inner tapered surface of the axial inner taper sleeve of the annular body The pretightening force of the combined transmission; the axial outer taper sleeve of the annular body is overlaid on the transmission shaft and matched with it through the main transmission cam pair;

The slow gear transmission mechanism includes an overrunning clutch and an intermediate reduction transmission mechanism, the overrunning clutch includes an outer ring, an inner ring and rolling elements, and an engagement space for engaging or separating through the rolling elements is formed between the outer ring and the inner ring , the axial end surface of the outer ring forms an annular depression, the inner ring is rotatably fitted in the annular depression and the engagement space is formed between the outer circle of the inner ring and the radially outer inner wall of the annular depression; the shaft of the annular body The inward taper sleeve inputs power to the outer ring of the overrunning clutch through the intermediate reduction mechanism, and the inner ring of the overrunning clutch outputs the slow gear power transmission to the axial outer taper sleeve of the annular body;

The overrunning clutch transmits and outputs slow gear power through the slow gear cam engagement pair; the slow gear cam engagement pair includes at least one pendulum end face cam engagement pair, and the pendulum end face cam engagement pair consists of a bidirectional end cam with a bidirectional end cam shape line. constitute.

Further, the pendulum end cam engagement pair includes a pendulum cam disc I and a pendulum cam disc II, and the pendulum end cam disc I and the pendulum cam disc II are provided with a bidirectional end cam-shaped line. Two-way end face cam meshing structure;

Further, both the pendulum cam disc I and the pendulum cam disc II are provided with two-way cam grooves along the circumferential direction, and the two-way cam grooves are gradually shallower from the middle to both ends, and the pendulum cam disc I and the pendulum cam disc The two-way cam rollers in the two-way cam grooves are engaged and driven between the two-type cam discs II;

Further, the inner ring of the overrunning clutch and the pendulum cam disc I are driven and matched in the circumferential direction, and the axial outer tapered sleeve of the annular body and the pendulum cam disc II are driven and matched in the circumferential direction through a cam pair; the overrunning clutch The inner ring of the transmission exceeds the outer ring in the direction of rotation of the power output of the transmission;

Further, the overrunning clutch also includes a support roller assembly, the support roller assembly at least includes a support roller parallel to the axis of the overrunning clutch and spaced from the rolling body, the outer circle of the support roller is in contact with the outer circle of the adjacent rolling body, so The supporting roller is arranged in a movable manner in the circumferential direction of the overrunning clutch;

Further, the inner ring axially extends out of the annular depression of the outer ring and the inner circle of the extension part has an inner ring support part that can cooperate with the transmission shaft, and the inner circle of the outer ring has an outer ring support part that can cooperate with the transmission shaft; The pendulum cam disc I is integrally formed on the inner ring support part;

Further, the backup roller assembly also includes a backup roller bracket, and the backup roller is supported on the inner wall and the inner wall of the radially outer side of the annular depression of the outer ring through the backup roller bracket in such a manner that it can slide along the circumferential direction of the overrunning clutch and rotate around its own axis. between the outer circles;

Further, the support roll bracket includes a support ring I and a support ring II corresponding to the two ends of the support roll, and the support ring I and the support ring II are respectively provided with the support ring I and the support ring II for the two ends of the support roll to penetrate. There is an annular groove in the circumferential direction of the support ring II, and the two ends of the support roller are slidably fitted with the corresponding annular grooves; the axial bottom of the annular depression of the outer ring is provided with an oil hole for passing lubricating oil, and the support ring I is located at The axial bottom of the annular depression and the bottom of the annular groove of the support ring I are provided with an axial through hole;

Further, the main transmission cam pair is formed by the mutual cooperation of the internal helical cam provided on the inner circle of the outer tapered sleeve of the annular body and the internal helical cam provided on the transmission shaft; the transmission shaft extends out of the shaft of the box body The segment transmission is equipped with a transmission part used to cooperate with the hub transmission;

Further, a support frame of a cylindrical structure is fixedly connected with the axial inner taper sleeve of the annular body, and the end of the support frame away from the axial inner taper sleeve of the annular body is rotatably supported on the gearbox body, and the variable speed elastic element 2 It is located in the space between the support frame and the transmission shaft, and is covered with the transmission shaft.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the side-hanging bow-cone pendulum type self-adaptive automatic transmission drive assembly of the electric motorcycle of the present invention has all the advantages of the existing cam self-adaptive automatic transmission device, such as being able to detect the driving torque-rotational speed according to the running resistance And driving resistance-vehicle speed signal, so that the output power of the motor or engine and the driving condition of the vehicle are always in the best matching state, realizing the balance control of the vehicle's driving torque and comprehensive driving resistance, and adapting to changes in driving resistance without cutting off the driving force Automatic gear shifting; it can be used in mountainous areas, hills and heavy load conditions, so that the motor or engine load changes smoothly, the motor vehicle runs smoothly, and improves safety;

At the same time, the overrunning clutch of the slow gear transmission mechanism of this transmission adopts a structure in which the inner ring is located in the annular depression formed by the inner ring, and the inner ring is embedded in the outer ring from the structure, so that the inner ring and the outer ring form a mutual support effect, It avoids the structure in which the inner ring is directly supported on the transmission shaft in the traditional structure, and also avoids the problem that the transmission error is magnified on the overrunning clutch. It not only ensures the overall stability of the overrunning clutch, but also ensures stable support for the long-term operation of the transmission, reducing running time. Noise, ensure running comfort and improve transmission efficiency, improve service life and running accuracy, suitable for heavy-duty and high-speed environments; slow gear transmission and locking elastic elements adopt pendulum-type end-face cam engagement pairs composed of two-way end-face cams, And it has a swing buffer during the shifting process, and it has better stability and smoothness when releasing the shifting elastic member, eliminating frustration and noise, which is conducive to further improving work efficiency; reducing transmission energy consumption during the shifting process, and has better performance. The energy-saving and consumption-reducing effect of the vehicle can be improved, and the service life can be improved, and the power, economy, driving safety and comfort of the vehicle can be greatly improved.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the axial sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a two-way end face cam;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an overrunning clutch;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an axial section of an overrunning clutch.

Detailed ways

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the axial section structure of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a two-way end face cam;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the overrunning clutch, and Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the axial section of the overrunning clutch, as shown in the figure: the side-hanging bow cone pendulum type self-adaptive automatic transmission drive assembly of the electric motorcycle of the present invention includes a box body 13 and a box body The transmission shaft 1 that rotates the body and outputs the power. The box 13 has a mounting part for side hanging on the hub side. When in use, the motor is fixedly connected to the box 13, and the box 13 is fixedly connected to the hub side. on the frame to form a side hanging structure;

It also includes a slow gear transmission mechanism and a mechanical intelligent adaptive transmission assembly arranged on the transmission shaft;

The mechanical intelligent self-adaptive speed change assembly includes the axial outer taper sleeve 4 of the annular body, the axial inner tapered sleeve 5 of the annular body and the variable speed elastic element 2;

The inner circle of the axially inner tapered sleeve 5 of the annular body is an axial cone surface, the outer circle of the axially outer tapered sleeve 4 of the annular body is an axial tapered surface, and the axially inner tapered sleeve of the annular body is set in the way that the tapered surfaces cooperate with each other. A tapered surface transmission pair for transmitting fast gear is formed on the outer circumference of the axially outer tapered sleeve of the annular body; The surface fits the pre-tightening force of the transmission, and the axial outer taper sleeve of the annular body is overlaid on the transmission shaft and matched with it through the main transmission cam pair;

The slow gear transmission mechanism includes an overrunning clutch and an intermediate reduction transmission mechanism, and the overrunning clutch includes an outer ring 15, an inner ring 14 and a rolling element 23, and the outer ring 15 and the inner ring 14 are formed between the outer ring 15 and the inner ring 14 for engagement by rolling elements. Or a separate meshing space, the axial end surface of the outer ring forms an annular depression, the inner ring is rotatably fitted in the annular depression and the meshing space is formed between the outer circle of the inner ring and the radially outer inner wall of the annular depression; The axial inner tapered sleeve of the toroidal body transmits power to the outer ring of the overrunning clutch through the intermediate reduction mechanism, and the inner ring of the overrunning clutch transmits the slow gear power to the outer tapered sleeve in the axial direction of the toroidal body; the rolling body of the overrunning clutch and the The structure of the meshing space belongs to the prior art, and will not be repeated here; since the axial end surface of the outer ring forms an annular depression, its longitudinal section view forms a bow-like structure, which forms a radial support for the inner ring after the inner ring is installed; The structure in which the inner ring is located in the annular depression formed by the outer ring is adopted, and the inner ring is embedded in the outer ring from the structure, so that the inner ring and the outer ring form a mutual support effect, avoiding the traditional structure where the inner ring is directly supported on the drive shaft The structure also avoids the problem that the transmission error is magnified on the overrunning clutch, which not only ensures the overall stability of the overrunning clutch, but also improves the service life and operating accuracy, and is suitable for heavy-duty and high-speed environments; the intermediate reduction transmission mechanism can be a Stage gear reduction transmission or other reduction transmission structures, the intermediate reduction transmission mechanism can ensure that the rotational speed of the axial inner taper sleeve of the annular body to the outer ring of the overrunning clutch is lower than the rotational speed of the axial inner taper sleeve of the annular body; in order to realize this The purpose of the invention is that the inner ring of the overrunning clutch overruns between the outer ring and the output rotation direction of the power output member; Shaft 19 and the first slow gear 21 and the second slow gear 16 that are matched with its transmission, the slow gear intermediate shaft 19 is rotated and matched with the transmission case through the radial rolling bearing; Ring transmission cooperation (transmission structure such as splines) is provided with a slow gear driving gear, the slow gear driving gear meshes with the first slow gear for transmission, and the second slow gear meshes with the outer ring of the overrunning clutch for transmission; the structure is simple and compact , to realize the power transmission of slow gear; the overrunning clutch transmits the power of slow gear through the slow gear cam meshing pair; The two-way end cam of the end cam shape line is formed; the two-way end cam refers to the end cam that can realize two-way meshing; it is beneficial to eliminate the shifting frustration in the process of shifting from slow gear transmission to fast gear, and can make slow gear and fast gear coaxial The two directions are input to the power output member, which has better adaptability and saves driving efficiency.

In this embodiment, a motor 20 and a power input mechanism are also included, and the power input mechanism includes a power input driving gear, a first power input driven gear, a power input intermediate shaft and a second power input driven gear, and the power input The driving gear is driven by the rotor shaft of the motor. As shown in the figure, the rotor shaft transmission of the motor is equipped with a power input shaft that rotates and is arranged in the box. The first power input driven gear meshes with the power input driving gear, and the first power input The input driven gear and the second power input driven gear 6 are arranged on the power input intermediate shaft in transmission cooperation, and the power input intermediate shaft 8 is rotatably supported on the box body 13; the second power input driven gear 6 inputs power to the circle The axial inner tapered sleeve 5 of the ring body, in this embodiment, the axial inner tapered sleeve of the annular body is provided with an outer ring gear 7 meshing with the second power input driven gear; this structure is conducive to forming a preliminary deceleration, and at the same time, the structure Compact and easy to hang on the side.

In this embodiment, the speed-changing elastic element 2 applies a pretightening force to the axially outer tapered sleeve of the annular body so that the outer tapered surface of the annular body and the inner tapered surface of the axially inner tapered sleeve of the annular body are fitted for transmission; When outputting, the main transmission cam pair exerts an axial component force opposite to the pretightening force of the variable speed elastic element 2 on the axial outer taper sleeve of the annular body.

In this embodiment, the pendulum end cam engagement pair includes a pendulum cam disc I and a pendulum cam disc II. The two-way end face cam meshing formation of profile line; Can be that pendulum cam disc I and pendulum cam disc II are all provided with end cam, also can be that one of them is provided with end cam, all can realize the purpose of the invention.

In this embodiment, both the pendulum cam disc I and the pendulum cam disc II17 are provided with two-way cam grooves along the circumferential direction. I and the pendulum cam plate II17 are engaged and driven through the cam rolling element 18 provided in the two-way cam groove; the two-way meshing is formed by the cam rolling element 18, which has better guiding performance, and at the same time, reduces the cam engagement friction and reduces energy consumption. Consumption; cam rolling element 18 is generally a ball.

In this embodiment, the inner ring 14 of the overrunning clutch and the pendulum cam disc I are driven and matched in the circumferential direction, the structure is simple and compact, the production, use and maintenance costs are low, and the transmission is stable; 4 and the pendulum cam plate II17 through the cam pair in the circumferential direction to increase the flexibility of the transmission; of course, in the case of space conditions, it can also be a plurality of cam pairs; the inner ring of the overrunning clutch is in the Overrun between the power output of the transmission and the outer ring in the direction of rotation;

In this embodiment, the main transmission cam pair is formed by the mutual cooperation of the inner helical cam 4a provided on the inner circle of the outer tapered sleeve 4 of the annular body and the outer helical cam 1a provided on the transmission shaft 1, and the slow gear forms During transmission, the axial component force of the helical cam pair composed of the pendulum end face cam pair, the cam pair, the inner helical cam 4a and the outer helical cam 1a is used to press the elastic element to lock and form a slow gear transmission; The transmission of the shaft section where the shaft extends out of the box is provided with a transmission member 11 for transmission cooperation with the hub. As shown in the figure, the transmission member 11 is a transmission disc structure used to connect with the hub; as shown in the figure, the ring body The outer edge of the axial inner tapered sleeve 5 is provided with an outer ring gear 7 for power input; the axial outer tapered sleeve 4 of the annular body is overlaid on the transmission shaft 1 and the inner circle is provided with an internal helical cam 4a, and the transmission shaft 1 is provided with The outer helical cam 10 matched with the inner helical cam 4a jointly forms a helical cam pair; the helical cam pair is a thread structure that cooperates with each other, both of which are helical grooves, and embedded with balls to form an meshing transmission structure; the annular body axially When the outer tapered sleeve rotates, two component forces in the axial and circumferential directions are generated on the transmission shaft through the spiral cam pair, and the component force in the circumferential direction drives the transmission shaft to rotate and output power. The axial component force is offset by the installation structure of the transmission shaft. The reaction force acts on the axial outer tapered sleeve of the annular body and is applied to the variable speed elastic element 2; when the axial component force reaches the set value, the elastic element is compressed, so that the axial outer tapered sleeve of the annular body and the shaft of the annular body The inward taper sleeve is separated to form the condition for shifting, which belongs to the structure of the prior art and will not be repeated here; of course, the spiral cam pair is the preferred structure of this embodiment, and other existing cam pairs can also be used to drive, such as end face Cams, etc., but the spiral cam pair can make the structure more compact, more convenient to manufacture, install and maintain, and the spiral structure has stable transmission, uniform force, unparalleled stability and smoothness, and further improves work efficiency. , has better energy-saving and consumption-reducing effects, greater control of vehicle emissions, and is more suitable for light vehicles such as light two-wheeled vehicles.

In this embodiment, the overrunning clutch further includes a backing roller assembly, the backing roller assembly at least includes a backing roller parallel to the axis of the overrunning clutch and spaced apart from the rolling body, the outer circle of the backing roller is in contact with the outer circle of the adjacent rolling body, The backup rollers are arranged in a movable manner in the circumferential direction of the overrunning clutch; the backup roller structure is independent of the outer ring and the inner ring, and adopts a follow-up structure to maintain the distance between the rolling elements, canceling the prior art The elastic element and the limit seat avoid directly processing the limit seat on the outer ring or the inner ring, simplify the processing process, improve work efficiency, reduce processing cost, ensure processing and assembly accuracy, prolong service life and ensure transmission effect, and related components It is easy to replace after damage, reducing maintenance and use costs; due to the use of the supporting roller 24 structure, without using a separate elastic element, the axial length of the overrunning clutch and rolling elements can be theoretically extended infinitely, and the meshing length can be increased. That is to say, it can be used according to Load-bearing needs to increase the axial length of the overrunning clutch, thereby increasing the load-bearing capacity of the overrunning clutch, and reducing the radial dimension of the overrunning clutch under higher load-bearing capacity, prolonging the service life of the overrunning clutch; Contact, especially when the roller structure is used, eliminates the possibility of unbalance caused by applying pretightening force to the point contact of the roller in the prior art, and ensures the limit balance of the rolling element under the premise of a long axial dimension Sex, so that it does not deviate from the parallel axis of the inner ring, so as to ensure the stable operation of the overrunning clutch and avoid mechanical failure; the support roller structure is adopted, and the rolling body generally adopts a roller structure;

The backup roller assembly also includes a backup roller bracket, and the backup roller is supported on the inner wall of the radially outer side of the annular depression of the outer ring and outside the inner ring through the backup roller bracket in a manner that can slide along the circumferential direction of the overrunning clutch and rotate around its own axis. between circles; this structure guarantees the freedom of rotation or sliding of the support roller, thereby further ensuring the follow-up of the support roller, so that rolling friction is formed between the rolling element 23 and the support roller 24 when the overrunning clutch is running, reducing power consumption, and Make the stability of the overrunning clutch better;

In this embodiment, the support roll bracket includes a support ring I22 and a support ring II21 corresponding to the two ends of the support roll. Annular grooves in the circumferential direction of the support ring I22 and the support ring II21 (the figure shows the annular groove 22a on the support ring I22, and the annular groove 21a on the support ring II21 is similar in structure to the annular groove on the support ring I and both are inward) , the two ends of the support roller are slidingly matched with the corresponding annular grooves, that is, one end of the support roller penetrates into the annular groove on the support ring I, and the other end penetrates into the annular groove on the support ring II; the installation structure of the annular groove is adopted, and the structure It is simple and easy to assemble, which further simplifies the structure of the overrunning clutch and reduces the cost.

In this embodiment, the axial bottom of the annular depression of the outer ring 15 is provided with an oil hole 15a for passing lubricating oil, the support ring I22 is located at the axial bottom of the annular depression and the annular groove 22a of the support ring I22 is provided at the bottom of the groove. There is an axial through hole 22b; through the oil hole, lubricating oil can be introduced and discharged, and together with the opening of the annular depression, a lubricating oil channel is formed to achieve better lubrication and cleaning, thereby ensuring the operation of the overrunning clutch.

In this embodiment, the meshing space is formed between the wedge-shaped groove machined on the outer circle of the inner ring 14 and the radially outer inner wall of the annular depression of the outer ring; the manufacturing process is simplified, the processing efficiency is improved, and the processing cost is reduced.

In this embodiment, the distribution of the axial through holes 22b at the bottom of the annular groove 22a of the support ring I22 corresponds to the supporting roller 24 and the rolling element 23; it can better provide lubrication directly.

In this embodiment, the diameter of the support roller 24 is less than one-third of the diameter of the rolling body, and the rolling body is a roller.

In this embodiment, the inner ring 14 axially extends out of the annular depression of the outer ring and the inner circle of the extension part has an inner ring support part that can cooperate with the transmission shaft 1, and the inner circle of the outer ring has an outer ring that can cooperate with the transmission shaft Support part; the pendulum cam disc I is integrally formed on the inner ring support part; that is, the outer ring support part and the inner ring support part are both rotated and arranged on the transmission shaft; the entire overrunning clutch of this structure is jointly supported by the inner ring and the outer ring, Increase the overall stability to ensure the service life and transmission accuracy.

In this embodiment, the inner ring supporting part of the inner ring 14 is provided with an inner ring needle roller bearing for rotating with the transmission shaft, and the outer ring supporting part of the outer ring 15 is provided with an outer bearing for rotating with the transmission shaft. Ring needle roller bearing; the structure of the needle roller bearing is adopted, which is suitable for installation on the transmission shaft 1, and the entire transmission structure has strong adaptability.

In this embodiment, a support frame 3 with a cylindrical structure is fixedly connected with the axial inner taper sleeve 5 of the annular body, and the end of the support frame 3 away from the axial inner taper sleeve of the annular body is rotatably supported on the gearbox body 13 , the variable speed elastic element 2 is located in the space between the support frame 3 and the transmission shaft 1 and is sheathed on the transmission shaft; as shown in the figure, the transmission shaft is provided with an overrunning clutch outer ring 15, an intermediate cam sleeve from left to right 20. The axially outer tapered sleeve 4 of the annular body and the variable speed elastic element 2 (this embodiment adopts a variable speed disc spring), and the support frame 3 of the cylindrical structure forms a stable support for the axially inner tapered sleeve of the annular body to ensure transmission accuracy , at the same time, the variable speed elastic element 2 is located in the space between the support frame and the transmission shaft and is sleeved on the transmission shaft, and has a compact structure.

The above embodiments are only the best structures of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention; the schemes adjusted in the connection mode will not affect the realization of the purpose of the present invention.

The fast gear power transmission route of the present embodiment:

Power → the axial inner tapered sleeve 5 of the annular body → the axial outer tapered sleeve 4 of the annular body → the inner helical cam 4a of the axial outer tapered sleeve of the annulus → the outer helical cam 10 of the transmission shaft 1 → the output power of the transmission shaft;

At this time, the overrunning clutch is overrunning, and the resistance transmission route: transmission shaft → external helical cam of the transmission shaft → internal helical cam of the axial outer tapered sleeve of the annular body → axial outer tapered sleeve of the annular body → compression variable speed disc spring; transmission shaft Through the external helical cam of the transmission shaft, an axial force is applied to the inner helical cam of the axial outer tapered sleeve of the annular body and the axial outer tapered sleeve of the annular body, and the speed change disc spring is compressed. When the driving resistance increases to a certain level, the shaft The force-shifting butterfly spring separates the axial inner tapered sleeve of the annular body from the axial outer tapered sleeve of the annular body, and the power is transmitted through the following route, that is, the slow gear power transmission route:

Power → ring body axial inner taper sleeve 5 → slow driving gear 9 → first slow gear 21 → slow intermediate shaft 19 → second slow gear 16 → outer ring 15 of overrunning clutch → inner ring 14 of overrunning clutch → pendulum end face cam meshing pair → cam pair → annulus axial outer tapered sleeve 4 → inner helical cam 4a of annulus axial outer tapered sleeve → outer helical cam 10 of transmission shaft 1 → transmission shaft output power.

The slow gear power transmission route also passes through the following route: pendulum end face cam meshing pair → cam pair → annular body axial outer tapered sleeve 4 → compression variable speed butterfly spring, to prevent the compression variable speed butterfly spring from reciprocating compression during the slow gear transmission process, In this way, it is prevented that the axial inner taper sleeve of the annular body and the axial outer taper sleeve of the annular body are fitted together during slow gear transmission.

It can be seen from the above-mentioned transmission route that when the present invention is in operation, the inner tapered surface of the axial inner tapered sleeve of the annular body and the outer tapered surface of the axially outer tapered sleeve of the annular body are closely fitted under the action of the variable speed butterfly spring, forming An automatic transmission mechanism that maintains a certain pressure, and can adjust the pressure required for clutch engagement by increasing the axial thickness of the transmission sleeve to achieve the purpose of transmission. Outward taper sleeve, transmission shaft, make the output power of transmission shaft rotate counterclockwise; At this moment, slow gear overrunning clutch is in overrunning state.

When the motor vehicle is started, the resistance is greater than the driving force, and the resistance forces the transmission shaft 1 to rotate clockwise at a certain angle. Under the action of the outer helical cam 10 of the transmission shaft 1, the annular body axially compresses the speed-changing disc spring with the outer tapered sleeve 4; the annular body The axial outer taper sleeve 4 and the annular body axial inner taper sleeve 5 are separated and synchronized, the slow gear overrunning clutch is engaged, and the power drives the annular body axial inner taper sleeve 5, the first slow gear 21, and the slow gear intermediate shaft 19 , the second slow gear 16, the outer ring 15 of the overrunning clutch, the inner ring 14, the pendulum end face cam meshing pair, the axial outer taper sleeve 4 of the annular body and the transmission shaft 1, so that the output power of the transmission shaft 1 is at the slow gear speed Rotation; therefore, low gear starting is automatically realized, the starting time is shortened, and the starting force is reduced. At the same time, the variable speed butterfly spring absorbs the energy of the motion resistance torque, and stores potential energy for restoring the fast gear transmission power.

After the start is successful, the driving resistance decreases. When the component force is reduced to less than the pressure generated by the variable speed disc spring, the pressure of the variable speed disc spring is quickly released due to the compression of the movement resistance, and the outer tapered sleeve 4 in the axial direction of the annular body is completed. The tapered surface and the inner tapered surface of the axial inner taper sleeve 5 of the toroidal body recover the tight fit state, and the slow gear overrunning clutch is in the overrunning state.

During the driving process, the principle of automatic gear shifting with the change of motion resistance is the same as above, and the gear shifting is realized without cutting the driving force, so that the whole locomotive runs smoothly, is safe and low-consumption, and the transmission route is simplified to improve the transmission efficiency.

Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A side-hanging bow cone pendulum type self-adaptive automatic variable speed drive assembly of an electric motorcycle, characterized in that: it includes a box body and a transmission shaft that rotates with the box body and outputs power, and the box body has a It is mounted on the installation part on the side of the hub, and also includes a slow gear transmission mechanism and a mechanical intelligent adaptive transmission assembly arranged on the transmission shaft; The mechanical intelligent self-adaptive speed change assembly includes the axial outer taper sleeve of the torus, the axial inner taper sleeve of the torus and the variable speed elastic element; The inner circle of the axially inner taper sleeve of the torus is an axial cone surface, the outer circle of the axially outer taper sleeve of the torus is an axial taper surface, and the axially inner taper sleeve of the torus is set on the circle in a manner that the cone surfaces cooperate with each other. The outer circumference of the axial outer taper sleeve of the ring body forms a conical surface transmission pair for transmitting fast gear; the variable speed elastic element is applied so that the tapered surface of the axial outer taper sleeve of the annular body and the inner tapered surface of the axial inner taper sleeve of the annular body fit The pre-tightening force of the transmission; the axial outer taper sleeve of the annular body is overlaid on the transmission shaft and matched with it through the main transmission cam pair; The slow gear transmission mechanism includes an overrunning clutch and an intermediate reduction transmission mechanism, the overrunning clutch includes an outer ring, an inner ring and rolling elements, and an engagement space for engaging or separating through the rolling elements is formed between the outer ring and the inner ring , the axial end surface of the outer ring forms an annular depression, the inner ring is rotatably fitted in the annular depression and the engagement space is formed between the outer circle of the inner ring and the radially outer inner wall of the annular depression; the shaft of the annular body The inward taper sleeve inputs power to the outer ring of the overrunning clutch through the intermediate reduction mechanism, and the inner ring of the overrunning clutch outputs the slow gear power transmission to the axial outer taper sleeve of the annular body; The overrunning clutch transmits and outputs slow gear power through the slow gear cam engagement pair; the slow gear cam engagement pair includes at least one pendulum end face cam engagement pair, and the pendulum end face cam engagement pair consists of a bidirectional end cam with a bidirectional end cam shape line. Composition, the pendulum end cam engagement pair includes pendulum cam disc Ⅰ and pendulum cam disc II, and the pendulum end cam engagement pair consists of pendulum cam disc Ⅰ and pendulum cam disc II through a two-way end cam shaped line. Two-way end face cam meshing structure; Both the pendulum cam disc I and the pendulum cam disc II are provided with two-way cam grooves along the circumferential direction. The cam rolling elements provided in the two-way cam grooves are engaged and driven between the discs II; The overrunning clutch also includes a backing roller assembly, the backing roller assembly at least includes a backing roller parallel to the axis of the overrunning clutch and spaced apart from the rolling elements, the outer circle of the backing roller is in contact with the outer circle of the adjacent rolling body, the backing roller the rollers are arranged movable in the circumferential direction of the overrunning clutch; The backup roller assembly also includes a backup roller bracket, and the backup roller is supported on the inner wall of the radially outer side of the annular depression of the outer ring and outside the inner ring through the backup roller bracket in a manner that can slide along the circumferential direction of the overrunning clutch and rotate around its own axis. between circles; The support roll bracket includes support ring I and support ring II, the support ring I is set at one end of the support roll, and the support ring II is set at the other end of the support roll, and the support ring I and support ring II are respectively provided for supporting The two ends of the roller pass through the annular grooves along the circumferential direction of the support ring I and the support ring II, and the two ends of the support roller are slidably fitted with the corresponding annular grooves; The oil passage hole of the support ring I is located at the axial bottom of the annular depression and the bottom of the annular groove of the support ring I is provided with an axial through hole. 2. The side-hanging bow-cone pendulum adaptive automatic transmission drive assembly of the electric motorcycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner ring of the overrunning clutch and the pendulum cam disc I are driven and matched in the circumferential direction, and the circle The axial outer taper sleeve of the ring body and the pendulum cam disc II are driven and matched in the circumferential direction through the cam pair; the inner ring of the overrunning clutch overruns the outer ring in the direction of power output rotation of the transmission. 3. The electric motorcycle side-mounted bow cone pendulum adaptive automatic transmission drive assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner ring axially extends beyond the annular depression of the outer ring, and the inner circle of the extension part has a The matching inner ring support part, the inner circle of the outer ring has an outer ring support part matched with the transmission shaft; the pendulum cam disc I is integrally formed on the inner ring support part. 4. The electric motorcycle side-mounted bow-cone pendulum adaptive automatic variable speed drive assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main transmission cam pair is set by the inner circle of the outer tapered sleeve axially of the annular body Some inner helical cams and the inner helical cam provided on the transmission shaft are formed by mutual cooperation; the shaft section of the transmission shaft extending out of the box is provided with a transmission member for transmission cooperation with the hub. 5. The side-hanging bow-cone pendulum adaptive automatic transmission drive assembly of the electric motorcycle according to claim 4, characterized in that: a support frame with a cylindrical structure is fixedly connected with the axial inner taper sleeve of the annular body, One end of the supporting frame away from the axial inner taper sleeve of the annular body is rotatably supported on the gearbox body, and the variable speed elastic element is located in the space between the supporting frame and the transmission shaft and is covered on the transmission shaft.