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CN105074814A - 个人音频装置的低时延多驱动器自适应消噪(anc)系统 - Google Patents

个人音频装置的低时延多驱动器自适应消噪(anc)系统 Download PDF

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CN105074814A
CN105074814A CN201480015514.2A CN201480015514A CN105074814A CN 105074814 A CN105074814 A CN 105074814A CN 201480015514 A CN201480015514 A CN 201480015514A CN 105074814 A CN105074814 A CN 105074814A
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noise signal
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CN105074814B (zh
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J·D·亨德里克斯
杰弗里·奥尔德森
米拉尼·阿里·阿卜杜拉扎德
D·周
Y·陆
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Cirrus Logic Inc
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    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1083—Reduction of ambient noise
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
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    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
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    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
    • G10K11/17881—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal the reference signal being an acoustic signal, e.g. recorded with a microphone
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17885—General system configurations additionally using a desired external signal, e.g. pass-through audio such as music or speech
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/24—Structural combinations of separate transducers or of two parts of the same transducer and responsive respectively to two or more frequency ranges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/005—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for combining the signals of two or more microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/12—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
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    • G10K2210/1081—Earphones, e.g. for telephones, ear protectors or headsets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
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    • G10K2210/3019—Cross-terms between multiple in's and out's
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • G10K2210/3028—Filtering, e.g. Kalman filters or special analogue or digital filters
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    • H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2460/01—Hearing devices using active noise cancellation
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    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/12—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers
    • H04R3/14—Cross-over networks

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种个人音频装置，所述个人音频装置包括多个输出换能器，用于再现源音频信号的不同频带，所述个人音频装置包括自适应消噪(ANC)电路，所述自适应消噪电路从至少一个麦克风信号为所述换能器各者自适应生成抗噪信号，所述至少一个麦克风信号测量周围音频以生成抗噪信号。所述抗噪信号通过单独自适应滤波器生成，使得所述抗噪信号使在它们对应的换能器处的周围音频基本抵消。单独自适应滤波器的使用提供了低时延操作，因为无需分频器将抗噪信号分成适当的频带。所述自适应滤波器可实现为或偏向于仅在与特定自适应滤波器对应的频带中生成抗噪信号。所述抗噪信号与适当频带的源音频进行组合以为对应换能器提供输出。

Description

个人音频装置的低时延多驱动器自适应消噪(ANC)系统
技术领域
本发明大体上涉及个人音频装置，所述个人音频装置包括自适应消噪(ANC)及不同频带的多个驱动器。
背景技术
无线电话(诸如移动电话/蜂窝式电话、无绳电话)及其他消费音频装置(诸如MP3播放器)被广泛应用。通过使用参考麦克风来测量周围声事件，然后使用信号处理将抗噪信号注入所述装置的输出中以抵消周围声事件来提供ANC，此类装置的性能就清晰度而论可得到改良。
虽然适用于个人音频装置的大多数音频系统依赖单一输出换能器，但是在安装于无线电话壳体上的换能器或一对换能器的情况下，当使用耳用扬声器时，或当无线电话或其他装置采用立体声扬声器时，为了高品质音频再现，可能期望提供单独高频换能器和低频换能器，如在高品质耳用扬声器中。然而，当在此类系统中实现ANC时，因分频引入的时延引入了延迟，所述分频将信号划分在低频换能器和高频换能器之间，由于增加了操作时延，这降低了ANC系统的有效性。
因此，期望提供一种个人音频装置，所述个人音频装置包括无线电话和/或耳用扬声器，当使用处理不同频带的多个输出换能器时，所述耳用扬声器提供低时延ANC操作。
发明内容
提供个人音频装置的上述目标在个人音频系统、操作方法及集成电路中完成，所述个人音频装置具有ANC且采用多个输出换能器，用于处理不同频带。
所述个人音频装置既包括低频输出换能器又包括高频输出换能器，用于再现回放给收听者的源音频信号及抗噪信号，所述抗噪信号用于应对周围音频声音在换能器的声输出中的影响。所述个人音频装置还包括集成电路，以提供自适应消噪(ANC)功能。所述方法为所述个人音频系统和集成电路的操作方法。参考麦克风安装于所述装置壳体上以提供表示周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号。所述个人音频系统还包括ANC处理电路，用于从参考麦克风信号自适应生成抗噪信号，使得所述抗噪信号使在它们对应的换能器处的周围音频声音基本抵消。自适应滤波器被用来通过对参考麦克风信号进行滤波来生成抗噪信号。
本发明的前述和其他目标、特征和优点从以下如附图所示本发明的优选实施例的更具体说明可显而易见。
附图说明
图1A示出了示例性无线电话10及一对耳塞EB1和EB2；
图1B为在无线电话10内的电路示意图；
图2为在无线电话10内的电路方块图；
图3为方块图，示出了可用来实现图2中CODEC集成电路20A的ANC电路30的多种示例性ANC电路的信号处理电路及功能方块；
图4为方块图，示出了在CODEC集成电路20内的信号处理电路及功能方块。
具体实施方式
本发明包括可在个人音频系统中实现的消噪技术及电路，诸如无线电话及连接耳塞。个人音频系统包括自适应消噪(ANC)电路，所述自适应消噪电路测量并试图抵消在耳塞或其他输出换能器位置处(诸如在个人音频装置的壳体上，所述个人音频装置接收或生成源音频信号)的周围声环境。多个换能器被用来提供高品质音频输出，所述多个换能器包括低频换能器和高频换能器，所述低频换能器和高频换能器再现源音频的对应频带。ANC电路生成单独抗噪信号，所述抗噪信号被提供给所述多个换能器中的相应换能器，以抵消在所述换能器处的周围声事件。参考麦克风被设置为测量周围声环境，所述周围声环境提供输入给单独自适应滤波器，所述自适应滤波器生成抗噪信号，使得通过消除对所生成抗噪信号的分频滤波的需要来保持低时延。源音频分频然后可置于源音频频带特定分量与它们对应的抗噪信号的总和前面，且自适应滤波器可被控制为仅在适合它们对应的换能器的频率范围内生成抗噪信号。
图1A示出了无线电话10及一对耳塞EB1和EB2，每个耳塞连接至收听者的对应耳朵5A，5B。所示无线电话10为可采用本文中所公开的技术的装置实例，但应当理解，在无线电话10中或在随后图示中所示的电路中示出的元件或构成并非全部需要。无线电话10通过有线或无线连接连接至耳塞EB1，EB2，例如，蓝牙BLUETOOTHTM连接(BLUETOOTH为BluetoothSIG公司的商标)。耳塞EB1，EB2各分别具有一对对应换能器SPKLH/SPKLL和SPKRH/SPKRL，该对换能器再现源音频，所述源音频包括从无线电话10接收的远距离语音、铃声、所存储的音频节目材料及近端语音注入(即，无线电话10的用户的语音)。换能器SPKLH和SPKRH为高频换能器或“高频扬声器”，所述“高频扬声器”再现较高声频范围，换能器SPKLL和SPKRL为低频换能器或“低频扬声器”，所述“低频扬声器”再现较低音频范围。源音频还包括无线电话10需要再现的任何其他音频，诸如由无线电话10接收来自网页或其他网络通信的源音频及音频指示(诸如电池电量低及其他系统事件通知)。参考麦克风R1，R2设置于相应耳塞EB1，EB2的壳体表面上，用于测量周围声环境。另一对麦克风，误差麦克风E1，E2，被设置为当耳塞EB1，EB2插入耳朵5A，5B的外部时，通过测量与由靠近对应耳朵5A，5B的相应换能器对SPKLH/SPKLL和SPKRH/SPKRL再现的音频组合的周围音频，以进一步改良ANC操作。
无线电话10包括自适应消噪(ANC)电路及功能，所述自适应消噪电路及功能将抗噪信号注入换能器SPKLH、SPKLL、SPKRH和SPKRL中，以改良远距离语音及由换能器SPKLH、SPKLL、SPKRH和SPKRL再现的其他音频的清晰度。在无线电话10内的示例性电路14包括：音频集成电路20，所述音频集成电路20从参考麦克风R1，R2、近距离语音麦克风NS及误差麦克风E1，E2接收信号；及与其他集成电路的接口，诸如包括无线电话收发器的RF集成电路12。在其他实现中，本文中所公开的电路和技术可并入单个集成电路中，所述集成电路包括控制电路及用于实现整个个人音频装置的其他功能，诸如MP3播放器单芯片集成电路。可选择地，ANC电路可包括在耳塞EB1，EB2的壳体内或包括在沿有线连接位于无线电话10与耳塞EB1，EB2之间的模块中。为了说明目的，ANC电路会被说明为设置于无线电话10内，但本领域普通技术人员可以理解以上变动，且需要时，对于这些变动可以很容易判定在耳塞EB1，EB2、无线电话10及第三模块之间所需合乎逻辑的信号。近距离语音麦克风NS设置于无线电话10的壳体处以捕捉近端语音，所述近端语音自无线电话10发送至其他(多个)会话参与者。可选择地，近距离语音麦克风NS可设置于耳塞EB1，EB2中一者的壳体外表面上，设置于固定至耳塞EB1，EB2中一者的支臂上，或设置于位于无线电话10与耳塞EB1，EB2中任一者或两者之间的挂件上。
图1B示出了音频集成电路20A，20B的简化示意图，所述音频集成电路20A，20B包括ANC处理，所述ANC处理耦合至参考麦克风R1，R2，所述参考麦克风R1，R2测量位于对应耳塞EB1，EB2内的周围音频声音Ambientl，Ambient2，所述周围音频声音通过在音频集成电路20A，20B内的ANC处理电路进行滤波。音频集成电路20A，20B可可选择地合并在单个集成电路中，诸如在无线电话10内的集成电路20。音频集成电路20A，20B为它们对应的信道生成输出，所述输出通过放大器A1-A4中的关联放大器进行放大，且所述输出被提供给对应换能器对SPKLH/SPKLL和SPKRH/SPKRL。音频集成电路20A，20B从参考麦克风R1，R2、近距离语音麦克风NS及误差麦克风E1，E2接收信号(有线或无线，取决于特定构成)。音频集成电路20A，20B还与其他集成电路对接，诸如图1A所示包括无线电话收发器的RF集成电路12。在其他构成中，本文中所公开的电路和技术可并入单个集成电路中，所述集成电路包括控制电路及用于实现整个个人音频装置的其他功能，诸如MP3播放器单芯片集成电路。可选择地，例如，当无线连接自耳塞EB1，EB2各者提供至无线电话10时和/或当ANC处理的一些或全部在耳塞EB1，EB2或沿电缆设置的模块内进行时，所述电缆连接无线电话10至耳塞EB1，EB2，可使用多个集成电路。
通常，本文中所示的ANC技术测量撞击在参考麦克风R1，R2上的周围声事件(相对于换能器SPKLH、SPKLL、SPKRH和SPKRL的输出和/或近端语音)，且还测量撞击在误差麦克风E1，E2上的相同周围声事件。集成电路20A，20B的ANC处理电路单独地调整从对应参考麦克风R1，R2生成的抗噪信号以具有使在对应误差麦克风E1，E2处的周围声事件的振幅最小化的特性。因为声路径PL(z)自参考麦克风R1延伸至误差麦克风E1，所以在音频集成电路20A中的ANC电路基本上与消除电声路径SLH(z)和SLL(z)的影响相结合来估计声路径PL(z)，所述电声路径SLH(z)和SLL(z)分别表示音频集成电路20A的音频输出电路的响应及换能器SPKLH和SPKLL的声/电传递函数。所估计的响应包括在特定声环境下在换能器SPKLH，SPKLL与误差麦克风E1之间的耦合，所述特定声环境受到耳朵5A的接近及结构以及可接近耳塞EB1的其他物理对象和人头结构影响。同样地，音频集成电路20B与消除电声路径SRH(z)和SRL(z)的影响相结合来估计声路径PR(z)，所述电声路径SRH(z)和SRL(z)分别表示音频集成电路20B的音频输出电路的响应及换能器SPKRH和SPKRL的声/电传递函数。
现在参考图2，在耳塞EB1，EB2和无线电话10内的电路如方块图所示。当音频集成电路20A，20B位于无线电话10外部(例如在对应耳塞EB1，EB2内)时，除了在CODEC集成电路20与在无线电话10内的其他单元之间的信令通过电缆或无线连接来提供，图2所示的电路还适用于上文提到的其他构成。在此类构成中，当音频集成电路20位于无线电话10内时，在实现集成电路20A-20B的单个集成电路20与误差麦克风E1，E2、参考麦克风R1，R2及换能器SPKLH、SPKLL、SPKRH和SPKRL之间的信令通过有线或无线连接来提供。在所示实例中，音频集成电路20A，20B被示出为单独且基本上相同的电路，因此，下文将只详细说明音频集成电路20A。
音频集成电路20A包括模拟-数字转换器(ADC)21A，用于从参考麦克风R1接收参考麦克风信号并生成参考麦克风信号的数字表示ref。音频集成电路20A还包括：ADC21B，用于从误差麦克风E1接收误差麦克风信号并生成误差麦克风信号的数字表示err；及ADC21C，用于从近距离语音麦克风NS接收近距离语音麦克风信号并生成近距离语音麦克风信号的数字表示ns(音频集成电路20B经由无线或有线连接从音频集成电路20A接收近距离语音麦克风信号的数字表示ns，如上所述)。音频集成电路20A从放大器A1生成输出，用于驱动换能器SPKLH，所述放大器A1对数字-模拟转换器(DAC)23A的输出进行放大，所述数字-模拟转换器(DAC)23A接收组合器26A的输出。组合器26C将左信道内部音频信号ial和源音频ds进行组合，所述源音频ds从射频(RF)集成电路22接收。组合器26A将源音频dsh+ialh(所述源音频dsh+ialh为组合器26C的输出的高频带分量)与由左信道ANC电路30生成的高频带抗噪信号anti-noiselh进行组合，通过转换，所述高频带抗噪信号anti-noiselh具有与在参考麦克风信号ref中的噪声相同的极性且因此通过组合器26A被减去。组合器26A还组合近距离语音信号ns的衰减高频部分，即侧音信息sth，使得无线电话10的用户听到他们自己的与下行链路语音ds相关的发声。近距离语音信号ns还被提供给RF集成电路22并作为上行链路语音经由天线ANT发送至服务提供商。同样地，左信道音频集成电路20A从放大器A2生成输出，用于驱动换能器SPKLL，所述放大器A2对数字-模拟转换器(DAC)23B的输出进行放大，所述数字-模拟转换器(DAC)23B接收组合器26B的输出。组合器26B将源音频dsl+iall(所述源音频dsl+iall为组合器26C的输出的低频带分量)与由ANC电路30生成的低频带抗噪信号anti-noisell进行组合，通过转换，所述低频带抗噪信号anti-noisell具有与在参考麦克风信号ref中的噪声相同的极性且因此通过组合器26B被减去。组合器26B还组合近距离语音信号ns的衰减部分，即侧音低频信息stl。
现在参考图3，示出了在ANC电路30内的细节实例，且所述ANC电路30可被用来实现图2中的音频集成电路20B。恒等电路被用来实现音频集成电路20A，随图内的信道标签变化，如下所述。高频信道50A和低频信道50B被设置用于分别生成抗噪信号anti-noiserh和anti-noiserl。在以下说明中，其中包括字母“r”的信号和响应标签表示右信道，在根据图3的另一个电路中，如在图2中的音频集成电路20A内实现，所述字母可被“l”取代以表示左信道。其中，对于高频信道50A中的低频率，信号和响应利用字母“h”进行标记，在低频信道50B中的对应元素可被标有字母“l”的信号和响应取代。自适应滤波器32A接收参考麦克风信号ref，且在理想情况下，调整其传递函数Wrh(z)为Pr(z)/Srh(z)以生成抗噪信号anti-noiserh。自适应滤波器32A的系数由W系数控制方块31A控制，所述W系数控制方块31A使用两个信号的相关性来判定自适应滤波器32A的响应，所述响应就最小均方意义来说通常使存在误差麦克风信号err中的参考麦克风信号ref的这些分量最小化。虽然本文中所公开的实例使用以前馈构成连接的自适应滤波器32A，但是本文中所公开的技术可在具有固定或可编程滤波器的消噪系统中实现，其中自适应滤波器32A的系数被预先设定，选择或以其他方式未持续调整，且还可选择地或与固定滤波器拓扑结构相结合，本文中所公开的技术可适用于反馈ANC系统或混合反馈/前馈ANC系统。作为输入提供给W系数控制方块31A的信号为通过由滤波器34B提供的路径Srh(z)的响应估计副本形成的参考麦克风信号ref及从组合器36C的输出提供的另一个信号，所述另一个信号包括误差麦克风信号err。通过利用路径Srh(z)的响应估计副本SErhCOPY(z)来变换参考麦克风信号ref，并使误差信号中与参考麦克风信号ref的分量相关的部分最小化，自适应滤波器32A自适应Pr(z)/Srh(z)的期望响应。
除了误差麦克风信号err，通过W系数控制方块31A与滤波器34B的输出一起处理的另一个信号包括源音频(ds+iar)的反相总值，所述源音频(ds+iar)包括下行链路音频信号ds及由辅助路径滤波器34A处理的内部音频ian，所述辅助路径滤波器34A具有响应SErh(z)，响应SErhCOPY(z)为响应SErh(z)的副本。源音频(ds+iar)在提供给高频信道50A之前首先通过高通滤波器35A进行滤波，所述高通滤波器35A仅使由高频换能器SPKLH或SPKRH待呈现的频率通过。同样地，提供给低频信道50B的源音频(ds+iar)首先通过低通滤波器35B进行滤波，所述低通滤波器35B仅使由低频换能器SPKLL或SPKRL待呈现的频率通过。因此，高通滤波器35A和低通滤波器35B相对于源音频(ds+iar)形成分频，使得只有适当的频率分别通过高频信道50A和低频信道50B，且具有适合于相应换能器SPKLH，SPKLL或SPKRH，SPKRL的带宽。通过注入已经通过响应SErh(z)进行滤波的源音频(ds+iar)的反相总值，防止自适应滤波器32A自适应存在误差麦克风信号err中的大量源音频。通过利用路径Srh(z)的响应估计来变换源音频(ds+iar)的反相副本，在处理之前从误差麦克风信号err中去除的源音频应当与在误差麦克风信号err处再现的源音频(ds+iar)的预期形式一致。因为电声路径Srh(z)为源音频(ds+iar)到达误差麦克风E所选取的路径，所以源音频总值一致。滤波器34B本身不是自适应滤波器，但具有可调节响应，所述可调节响应被调谐为与辅助路径自适应滤波器34A的响应一致，使得滤波器34B的响应跟踪辅助路径自适应滤波器34A的调整。为了实现以上所述，辅助路径自适应滤波器34A具有由SE系数控制方块33A控制的系数。辅助路径自适应滤波器34A处理低频或高频源音频(ds+iar)以提供表示传送给误差麦克风E的预期源音频的信号。辅助路径自适应滤波器34A由此从源音频(ds+iar)自适应生成信号，当从误差麦克风信号err中减去时，所述信号形成误差信号e，所述误差信号e包括未归因于源音频(ds+iar)的误差麦克风信号err的含量。组合器36C从误差麦克风信号err中去除滤波源音频(ds+iar)以生成上述误差信号e。
高频信道50A和低频信道50B各可独立操作以生成相应抗噪信号anti-noiseh和anti-noisel。然而，因为误差信号e和参考麦克风信号ref可包括在音频频带中的任何频率的频率，所以在无限带抗噪信号anti-noiseh和anti-noisel的情况下，它们可包括不应发送至它们相应的高频换能器和低频换能器SPKRH/SPKLH和SPKRL/SPKLL的分量。因此，噪声注入技术被用来控制自适应滤波器32A的响应Wrh(z)。噪声源37生成输出噪声信号nh(z)，所述输出噪声信号nh(z)被供应给由自适应滤波器32B提供的自适应滤波器32A的响应Wrh(z)的副本WrhCOPY(z)。组合器36A将噪声信号nh(z)与提供给W系数控制方块31A的自适应滤波器34B的输出相加。通过滤波器32B形成的噪声信号nh(z)通过组合器36B从组合器36C的输出中减去，使得噪声信号nh(z)被非对称地与W系数控制方块31A的相关输入相加，以致自适应滤波器32A的响应Wrh(z)由于噪声信号nh(z)的完全相关注入而偏置至W系数控制方块31A的每个相关输入。因为经由通过组合器36在滤波器32B的输出处滤波噪声的组合，所注入的噪声直接出现在W系数控制方块31A的参考输入处，未出现在误差麦克风信号err中，以及仅出现在W系数控制方块31A的另一个输入处，所以W系数控制方块31A将调整Wrh(z)以衰减存在nh(z)中的频率。噪声信号nh(z)的含量未出现在抗噪信号中，仅出现在自适应滤波器32A的响应Wrh(z)中，这会使振幅在噪声信号nh(z)具有能量的频率/频带处减小。
为了防止在抗噪信号anti-noiseh中生成低频率，噪声源37生成噪声，所述噪声具有在低频带中具有能量的频谱，这会使W系数控制方块31A降低在这些低频带中自适应滤波器32A的增益，以试图抵消归因于所注入噪声信号nh(z)的周围声音的假源。例如，白噪声源可通过与低通滤波器35B的响应相似的响应进行滤波，以用作高频信道50A中的噪声源37，这会使自适应滤波器32A在低通滤波器35B的通带区中具有低增益。通过对低频信道50B进行相同操作，即，利用与高通滤波器35A的响应一致的响应对白噪声源进行滤波，分频通过自适应滤波器32A的调整在高频信道50A和低频信道50B中有效地形成，所述分频阻止在相应抗噪信号anti-noiseh和anti-noisel中的非期望频率。相似构造可形成于辅助路径自适应滤波器34A周围，但因为辅助路径自适应滤波器34A的输入已经通过滤波器35A，35B中的相应一者进行滤波以去除带外能量，所以此类噪声注入应当无需从辅助路径自适应滤波器34A的输出中去除非期望频率。使用噪声注入而不是另外滤波来从抗噪信号anti-noiseh和anti-noisel中去除非期望分频能量的一个优点在于，除了归因于应归噪声源37的响应变化的任何时延，未引入另外时延。
现在参考图4，示出了ANC系统的方块图，用于实现如图3所示的ANC技术，且所述ANC系统具有处理电路40，如可在图2中的音频集成电路20A，20B内实现，所述音频集成电路20A，20B示出为合并在一个电路内，但可实现为互通的两个或两个以上处理电路。处理电路40包括处理器核42，所述处理器核42耦合至存储器44，程序指令存储于所述存储器44中，所述程序指令包括计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品可实现上述ANC技术中一些或全部以及其他信号处理。视需要，专用数字信号处理器(DSP)逻辑电路46可被设置为实现由处理电路40提供的ANC信号处理的一部分或可选择地全部。处理电路40还包括ADC21A-21E，用于分别从参考麦克风R1、误差麦克风E1、近距离语音麦克风NS、参考麦克风R2及误差麦克风E2接收输入。在可选择实施例中，其中参考麦克风R1、误差麦克风E1、近距离语音麦克风NS、参考麦克风R2及误差麦克风E2中一个或一个以上具有数字输出或作为数字信号从远程ADC传递，ADC21A-21E中的对应ADC被省略，且(多个)数字麦克风信号被直接对接至处理电路40。DAC23A和放大器A1也由处理电路40提供，用于提供换能器输出信号给换能器SPKLH，包括如上所述的抗噪信号。同样地，DAC23B-23D和放大器A2-A4提供其他换能器输出信号给换能器对SPKLH，SPKLL，SPKRH和SPKRL。换能器输出信号可为数字输出信号，用于提供给听觉上再现数字输出信号的模块。
虽然本发明已经参考本发明的优选实施例被特定示出和说明，但是本领域技术人员应当理解，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，可对形式和细节进行前述和其他变化。

Claims (30)

1.一种个人音频系统，所述个人音频装置包括：
音频源，用于再现，其中所述音频源提供源音频信号；
第一换能器，用于再现回放给收听者的所述源音频信号的高频含量及第一抗噪信号，所述第一抗噪信号用于应对周围音频声音在所述第一换能器的声输出中的影响；
第二换能器，用于再现回放给收听者的所述源音频信号的低频含量及第二抗噪信号，所述第二抗噪信号用于应对周围音频声音在所述第二换能器的声输出中的影响；
至少一个麦克风，用于提供表示所述周围音频声音的至少一个麦克风信号；及
处理电路，所述处理电路使用第一滤波器从所述至少一个麦克风信号生成所述第一抗噪信号和所述第二抗噪信号，以减少在所述第一换能器和所述第二换能器处与所述至少一个麦克风信号相符的周围音频声音的存在，其中所述处理电路使用第二滤波器从所述至少一个麦克风信号生成所述第二抗噪信号，以减少在所述第一换能器和所述第二换能器处与所述至少一个麦克风信号相符的周围音频声音的存在。
2.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频系统，其中所述第一滤波器为具有第一响应的第一自适应滤波器，所述第一自适应滤波器自适应减少周围音频声音的存在，以及其中所述第二滤波器为第二自适应滤波器，所述第二自适应滤波器自适应减少周围音频声音的存在。
3.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频装置，其中所述处理电路通过将所述第一自适应滤波器的第一频率响应限制在第一预定频率范围内来将所述第一抗噪信号的含量限定在所述第一预定频率范围内，以及其中所述处理电路通过将所述第二自适应滤波器的第二响应限制在第二预定频率范围内来将所述第二抗噪信号的含量限定在所述第二预定频率范围内，其中所述第一预定频率范围和所述第二预定频率范围基本上不同。
4.根据权利要求3所述的个人音频装置，所述个人音频装置还包括误差麦克风，用于提供表示周围音频声音及所述第一换能器和所述第二换能器的声输出的误差麦克风信号，其中所述第一自适应滤波器具有第一系数发生器，所述第一系数发生器自适应使存在于所述误差麦克风信号中的参考麦克风信号的分量最小化，以及其中所述处理电路通过改变输入至所述第一系数发生器的第一信号的频率含量来限定所述第一频率响应的调整，以及其中所述第二自适应滤波器具有第二系数发生器，所述第二系数发生器自适应使存在于所述误差麦克风信号中的参考麦克风信号的分量最小化，以及其中所述处理电路通过改变输入至所述第二系数发生器的第二信号的频率含量来限定所述第一频率响应的调整。
5.根据权利要求4所述的个人音频装置，其中所述处理电路通过将在所述第一预定频率范围内具有第一预定频率含量的第一附加信号注入输入至所述第一系数发生器的所述第一信号中来改变输入至所述第一系数发生器的所述第一信号的频率含量，以及其中所述处理电路通过将在所述第二预定频率范围内具有第二预定频率含量的第二附加信号注入输入至所述第二系数发生器的所述第二信号中来改变输入至所述第二系数发生器的所述第二信号的频率含量。
6.根据权利要求5所述的个人音频装置，其中所述第一附加信号和所述第二附加信号为噪声信号。
7.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频装置，其中所述处理电路接收所述源音频信号并对所述源音频信号进行滤波以提供分频(crossover)，所述分频生成较高频率含量源音频信号和较低频率含量源音频信号，以及其中所述处理电路还将所述较高频率含量源音频信号与所述第一抗噪信号进行组合以及将所述较低频率含量源音频信号与所述第二抗噪信号进行组合。
8.根据权利要求1所述的个人音频装置，其中所述第一换能器为耳用扬声器的高频换能器，以及其中所述第二换能器为所述耳用扬声器的低频换能器。
9.根据权利要求8所述的个人音频装置，所述个人音频装置还包括：
第三换能器，用于再现第二源音频信号的高频含量及第三抗噪信号，所述第三抗噪信号用于应对周围音频声音在所述第三换能器的声输出中的影响；及
第四换能器，用于再现所述第二源音频信号的低频含量及第四抗噪信号，所述第四抗噪信号用于应对周围音频声音在所述第四换能器的声输出中的影响，以及其中所述处理电路还使用第三滤波器从所述至少一个麦克风信号生成所述第三抗噪信号和所述第四抗噪信号，以减少在所述第三换能器处与所述至少一个麦克风信号相符的周围音频声音的存在，其中所述处理电路使用第四滤波器从所述至少一个麦克风信号生成所述第四抗噪信号，以减少在所述第四换能器处与所述至少一个麦克风信号相符的周围音频声音的存在。
10.一种方法，通过个人音频系统来应对周围音频声音的影响，所述方法包括以下步骤：
利用至少一个麦克风来测量周围音频声音以产生至少一个麦克风信号；
首先使用第一滤波器从所述至少一个麦克风信号生成第一抗噪信号，以减少在所述第一换能器处与所述至少一个麦克风信号相符的周围音频声音的存在；
其次使用第二滤波器从所述至少一个麦克风信号生成第二抗噪信号，以减少在所述第二换能器处与所述至少一个麦克风信号相符的周围音频声音的存在；
提供音频源，用于再现，其中所述音频源提供源音频信号；
利用所述第一换能器来再现所述源音频信号的高频含量及所述第一抗噪信号；以及
利用所述第二换能器来再现所述源音频信号的低频含量及所述第二抗噪信号。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述第一滤波器为具有第一响应的第一自适应滤波器，所述第一自适应滤波器自适应减少周围音频声音的存在，以及其中所述第二滤波器为第二自适应滤波器，所述第二自适应滤波器自适应减少周围音频声音的存在。
12.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述第一生成包括通过将所述第一自适应滤波器的第一频率响应限制在第一预定频率范围内来将所述第一抗噪信号的含量限定在所述第一预定频率范围内，以及其中所述第二生成还包括通过将所述第二自适应滤波器的第二响应限制在第二预定频率范围内来将所述第二抗噪信号的含量限定在所述第二预定频率范围内，以及其中所述第一预定频率范围和所述第二预定频率范围基本上不同。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法，所述方法还包括利用误差麦克风来测量周围音频声音及所述第一换能器和所述第二换能器的声输出以生成误差麦克风信号，其中所述第一生成包括调整第一系数发生器的系数，所述第一系数发生器控制所述第一频率响应以使存在于所述误差麦克风信号中的参考麦克风信号的分量最小化，以及其中所述第二生成包括调整第二系数发生器的系数，所述第二系数发生器控制所述第二频率响应以使存在于所述误差麦克风信号中的参考麦克风信号的分量最小化，其中所述第一生成通过改变输入至所述第一系数发生器的第一信号的频率含量来限定所述第一频率响应的调整，以及其中所述第二生成通过改变输入至所述第二系数发生器的第二信号的频率含量来限定所述第二频率响应的调整。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中所述第一生成通过将在所述第一预定频率范围内具有第一预定频率含量的第一附加信号注入输入至所述第一系数发生器的至少一个第一信号中来限定所述第一频率响应的调整，以及其中所述第二生成通过将在所述第二预定频率范围内具有第二预定频率含量的第二附加信号注入输入至所述第二系数发生器的至少一个第二信号中来限定所述第二频率响应的调整。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述第一附加信号和所述第二附加信号为噪声信号。
16.根据权利要求10所述的方法，所述方法还包括以下步骤：
接收所述源音频信号并对所述源音频信号进行滤波以实现分频，所述分频生成较高频率含量源音频信号和较低频率含量源音频信号；以及
将所述较高频率含量源音频信号与所述第一抗噪信号进行组合；以及
将所述较低频率含量源音频信号与所述第二抗噪信号进行组合。
17.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述第一换能器为耳用扬声器的高频换能器，以及其中所述第二换能器为所述耳用扬声器的低频换能器。
18.根据权利要求17所述的方法，所述方法还包括以下步骤：
利用第三换能器来再现第二源音频信号的高频含量及第三抗噪信号，所述第三抗噪信号用于应对周围音频声音在所述第三换能器的声输出中的影响；以及
利用第四换能器来再现所述第二源音频信号的低频含量及第四抗噪信号，所述第四抗噪信号用于应对周围音频声音在所述第四换能器的声输出中的影响；
使用第三滤波器从所述至少一个麦克风信号生成所述第三抗噪信号和所述第四抗噪信号，以减少在所述第三换能器和所述第四换能器处与所述至少一个麦克风信号相符的周围音频声音的存在；以及
使用第四滤波器从所述至少一个麦克风信号生成所述第四抗噪信号，以减少在所述第三换能器和所述第四换能器处与所述至少一个麦克风信号相符的周围音频声音的存在。
19.一种集成电路，用于实现个人音频系统的至少一部分，所述集成电路包括：
音频源，用于再现，其中所述音频源提供源音频信号；
第一输出，用于提供第一输出信号给第一换能器，所述第一换能器用于再现所述源音频信号的高频含量及第一抗噪信号，所述第一抗噪信号用于应对周围音频声音在所述第一换能器的声输出中的影响；
第二输出，用于提供第二输出信号给第二换能器，所述第二换能器用于再现第二音频信号，所述第二音频信号既包括回放给收听者的第二源音频又包括第二抗噪信号，所述第二抗噪信号用于应对周围音频声音在所述第二换能器的声输出中的影响；
至少一个麦克风输入，用于提供表示所述周围音频声音的至少一个麦克风信号；及
处理电路，所述处理电路使用第一滤波器从所述至少一个麦克风信号生成所述第一抗噪信号和所述第二抗噪信号，以减少在所述第一换能器和所述第二换能器处与所述至少一个麦克风信号相符的周围音频声音的存在，其中所述处理电路使用第二滤波器从所述至少一个麦克风信号生成所述第二抗噪信号，以减少在所述第一换能器和所述第二换能器处与所述至少一个麦克风信号相符的周围音频声音的存在。
20.根据权利要求19所述的集成电路，其中所述第一滤波器为具有第一响应的第一自适应滤波器，所述第一自适应滤波器自适应减少周围音频声音的存在，以及其中所述第二滤波器为第二自适应滤波器，所述第二自适应滤波器自适应减少周围音频声音的存在。
21.根据权利要求19所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路通过将所述第一自适应滤波器的第一频率响应限制在第一预定频率范围内来将所述第一抗噪信号的含量限定在所述第一预定频率范围内，以及其中所述处理电路通过将所述第二自适应滤波器的第二频率响应限制在第二预定频率范围内来将所述第二抗噪信号的含量限定在所述第二预定频率范围内，其中所述第一预定频率范围和所述第二预定频率范围基本上不同。
22.根据权利要求21所述的集成电路，所述集成电路还包括误差麦克风，所述误差麦克风用于提供表示周围音频声音及所述第一换能器和所述第二换能器的声输出的误差麦克风信号，其中所述第一自适应滤波器具有第一系数发生器，所述第一系数发生器自适应使存在于所述误差麦克风信号中的参考麦克风信号的分量最小化，以及其中所述处理电路通过改变输入至所述第一系数发生器的第一信号的频率含量来限定所述第一频率响应的调整，以及其中所述第二自适应滤波器具有第二系数发生器，所述第二系数发生器自适应使存在于所述误差麦克风信号中的参考麦克风信号的分量最小化，以及其中所述处理电路通过改变输入至所述第二系数发生器的第二信号的频率含量来限定所述第一频率响应的调整。
23.根据权利要求22所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路通过将在所述第一预定频率范围内具有第一预定频率含量的第一附加信号注入输入至所述第一系数发生器的所述第一信号中来改变输入至所述第一系数发生器的所述第一信号的频率含量，以及其中所述处理电路通过将在所述第二预定频率范围内具有第二预定频率含量的第二附加信号注入输入至所述第二系数发生器的所述第二信号中来改变输入至所述第二系数发生器的所述第二信号的频率含量。
24.根据权利要求23所述的集成电路，其中所述第一附加信号和所述第二附加信号为噪声信号。
25.根据权利要求19所述的集成电路，其中所述处理电路接收所述源音频信号并对所述源音频信号进行滤波以提供分频，所述分频生成较高频率含量源音频信号和较低频率含量源音频信号，以及其中所述处理电路还将所述较高频率含量源音频信号与所述第一抗噪信号进行组合以及将所述较低频率含量源音频信号与所述第二抗噪信号进行组合。
26.根据权利要求19所述的集成电路，其中所述第一换能器为耳用扬声器的高频换能器，以及其中所述第二换能器为所述耳用扬声器的低频换能器。
27.根据权利要求26所述的集成电路，所述集成电路还包括：
第三输出，用于提供第三输出信号给第三换能器，所述第三换能器用于再现第二源音频信号的高频含量及第三抗噪信号，所述第三抗噪信号用于应对周围音频声音在所述第三换能器的声输出中的影响；及
第四输出，用于提供第四输出信号给第四换能器，所述第四换能器用于再现所述第二源音频信号的低频含量及第四抗噪信号，所述第四抗噪信号用于应对周围音频声音在所述第四换能器的声输出中的影响，以及其中所述处理电路还使用第三滤波器从所述至少一个麦克风信号生成所述第三抗噪信号和所述第四抗噪信号，以减少在所述第三换能器和所述第四换能器处与所述至少一个麦克风信号相符的周围音频声音的存在，其中所述处理电路使用第四滤波器从所述至少一个麦克风信号生成所述第四抗噪信号，以减少在所述第三换能器和所述第四换能器处与所述至少一个麦克风信号相符的周围音频声音的存在。
28.一种个人音频系统，所述个人音频系统包括：
多个输出换能器；
至少一个麦克风，用于提供表示周围音频声音的至少一个麦克风信号；及
处理电路，所述处理电路实现自适应消噪，其中多个自适应滤波器为所述多个输出换能器中的对应输出换能器生成多个抗噪信号，并如分频器一样操作，用于通过在与所述多个输出换能器对应的多个频带的对应频带中生成所述多个抗噪信号来将所述至少一个麦克风信号分成所述多个频带。
29.一种方法，通过个人音频系统来应对周围音频声音的影响，所述方法包括以下步骤：
利用至少一个麦克风来测量周围音频声音以产生至少一个麦克风信号；
使用多个自适应滤波器中的对应自适应滤波器来生成多个抗噪信号，用于提供给多个输出换能器中的对应输出换能器，所述多个自适应滤波器如分频器一样操作，用于通过在与所述多个输出换能器对应的多个频带的对应频带中生成所述多个抗噪信号来将所述至少一个麦克风信号分成所述多个频带。
30.一种集成电路，用于实现个人音频系统的至少一部分，所述集成电路包括：
多个输出，用于提供多个输出信号给多个输出换能器中的对应输出换能器；
至少一个麦克风输入，用于接收表示周围音频声音的至少一个麦克风信号；及
处理电路，所述处理电路实现自适应消噪，其中多个自适应滤波器在所述多个输出中的对应输出处生成多个抗噪信号，并如分频器一样操作，用于通过在与所述多个输出换能器对应的多个频带的对应频带中生成所述多个抗噪信号来将所述至少一个麦克风信号分成所述多个频带。
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