CN105053015B - It is a kind of to be used to prevent and treat biological pesticide of tree peony brown spot and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology, and in particular relates to a biological pesticide for preventing and treating peony brown spot and a preparation method thereof. The present invention adopts Bacillus subtilis HS5B5, which has antagonistic effect on the pathogenic fungus Cladosporium peony, to compound with biological fertilizer and Bordeaux mixture, which can more effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of Cladosporium peony, and further achieve the prevention and treatment of brown spot of peony At the same time, Bordeaux mixture also has inhibitory effect on other fungal diseases of tree peony. After compounding with Bacillus subtilis and biological fertilizer, the control effect on fungal diseases of tree peony is enhanced. The present invention adds biological fertilizer and Bordeaux mixture to Bacillus subtilis HS5B5, which can also prolong the flowering period, which is 2-3 days on average compared with conventional planting. The invention adopts the biological pesticide control method, which is safe for humans and animals, has no pollution to the environment, has high efficiency and broad spectrum, and is not easy to produce drug resistance.

Description

A kind of biological pesticide for preventing and treating peony brown spot and its preparation method

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology, and in particular relates to a biological pesticide for preventing and treating peony brown spot and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Peony is a famous ornamental flower in my country. During the process of growth and overwintering, it is easily infected by pathogenic microorganisms and causes disease. There are many types of peony diseases, and the damage is serious. Most of these diseases are fungal diseases, such as brown spot, gray mold, rust, powdery mildew and purple feather disease. They can cause partial necrosis of peony leaves or the death of whole leaves, harm the leaves, branches and rhizomes of peony, make peony fall leaves in advance, and affect its vegetative growth and ornamental value. Peony brown spot is one of the most serious diseases, which mainly damages the leaves, but can also infect stems and flowers. The disease mostly occurs before and after flowering and continues until the dead leaf stage. The pathogenic fungus is Cladosporium paeoniae , which belongs to the subphylum Deuteromycetes, the class Hyphomycetes, the order Polyphyllales, and the genus Cladosporium. The pathogen survives the winter in dead leaves or soil with mycelium or conidia, and spreads by wind and rain. It begins to occur in early summer, and the damage is serious in autumn. High temperature, high humidity, insufficient light, poor ventilation, and continuous cropping are all conducive to the occurrence of the disease.

The prevention and treatment of peony brown spot disease mainly depends on the use of chemical drugs, which is not only harmful to human health and ecological environment safety, but also easily leads to drug resistance of pathogenic microorganisms. Biopesticide is a control method that uses microorganisms or their metabolites to control crop diseases and insect pests or regulate crop growth, but its research and application in the control of peony fungal diseases is still very little. In order to enhance the rapid development of the tree peony industry, it is imminent to develop biopesticides that are harmless to human health and the ecological environment and are not likely to cause pathogenic drug resistance. It has an obvious inhibitory effect on other fungal diseases such as peony powdery mildew, but the effect is not obvious. However, biological fertilizer and Bordeaux mixture play a role in inhibiting tree peony powdery mildew and promoting plant growth and prolonging plant growth through microbial nutrient competition and chemical action. There is a noticeable effect during the flowering period.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a biological pesticide for preventing and treating tree peony brown spot and its preparation method, which can not only effectively prevent and treat tree peony brown spot, is harmless to the environment, but also can effectively promote the growth and development of tree peony and prolong the flowering period , Control some other common fungal diseases.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention is: a kind of biopesticide used for preventing and treating peony brown spot, said biopesticide is made of Bacillus subtilis, biological fertilizer and Bordeaux mixture, and the parts by weight of each component used in the preparation process They are: 1-2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 8-10 parts of biological fertilizer and 4-5 parts of Bordeaux mixture. The Bacillus subtilis is named as Bacillus subtilis ( Bacillus subtilis ) HS5B5. General Microbiology Center of the Management Committee, address: Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, and the preservation number is: CGMCCNo. 6088.

The preparation method of described biopesticide, comprises the following steps:

Step 1, the preparation of the biological fertilizer

Adding yeast to livestock manure, and the ratio of livestock manure to yeast mass is 500:1, stirring evenly, putting it into a fermentation room for fermentation, taking it out after 6-7 days to prepare a mixture, adding rapeseed cake to the mixture, and The mass ratio of the mixture to the rapeseed cake is 2:1, and after stirring evenly, it is aired to obtain a biological fertilizer;

Step 2, the preparation of the Bordeaux mixture

Put copper sulfate into water to dilute, and the mass ratio of copper sulfate to water is 1:80, after stirring evenly, make diluted copper sulfate, put quicklime into water, and the mass ratio of quicklime to water is 1:40, stir After uniformity, the lime milk is obtained, and the diluted copper sulfate is poured into the lime milk, and stirred while pouring to obtain the Bordeaux mixture;

Step 3, mixing the Bacillus subtilis HS5B5, biological fertilizer and Bordeaux mixture and stirring evenly to obtain a biopesticide, and the parts by weight of each component in the biopesticide are 1-2 parts by weight of the Bacillus subtilis HS5B5 The parts by weight of biological fertilizer are 8-10 parts, and the parts by weight of Bordeaux mixture are 4-5 parts.

By using the self-prepared Bordeaux mixture, the present invention has extremely low inhibitory effect on the spores of Bacillus subtilis HS5B5 in biological pesticides, and the survival rate is 92-95%.

The Bacillus subtilis ( Bacillus subtilis ) HS5B5 in the present invention was preserved in the General Microbiology Center (CGMCC) of the China Microbiological Culture Collection Management Committee (CGMCC) on May 9, 2012, address: No. 3, Courtyard No. 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences, deposit number: CGMCC No. 6088. The yeast ( Trichosporon capitatum ) in the present invention was purchased from Shaanxi Yuanyi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the strain was preserved in the China Center for Type Culture Collection with the preservation number CCTCC AY 93140. The Cladosporium paeoniae used in the experiment of the present invention was purchased from China Agricultural Microorganism Culture Collection and Management Center, and the strain preservation number is ACCC36063.

Beneficial effect

The present invention adopts Bacillus subtilis HS5B5, which is the pathogenic fungus of Cladosporium peony, to be compounded with biological fertilizer and Bordeaux mixture, which can more effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of Cladosporium peony, and then achieve the purpose of preventing and treating brown spot of peony At the same time, Bordeaux mixture has inhibitory effect on tree peony powdery mildew, and after compounding with Bacillus subtilis and biological fertilizer, the control effect on tree peony powdery mildew is enhanced. In the present invention, adding biological fertilizer and Bordeaux mixture to the bacillus subtilis HS5B5 can also prolong the flowering period, which is 2-3 days on average compared with conventional planting. The invention adopts the biological pesticide control method, which is safe for humans and animals, has no pollution to the environment, has high efficiency and broad spectrum, and is not easy to produce drug resistance.

detailed description

A biological pesticide for preventing and treating brown spot of peony, said biological pesticide is made of Bacillus subtilis, biological fertilizer and Bordeaux mixture, and the parts by weight of the components used in the preparation process are respectively: Bacillus subtilis 1-2 parts, 8-10 parts of biological fertilizer and 4-5 parts of Bordeaux mixture, and the bacillus subtilis is bacillus subtilis HS5B5.

The preparation method of described biopesticide, comprises the following steps:

Step 1, the preparation of the biological fertilizer

Adding yeast to livestock manure, and the ratio of livestock manure to yeast mass is 500:1, stirring evenly, putting it into a fermentation room for fermentation, taking it out after 6-7 days to prepare a mixture, adding rapeseed cake to the mixture, and The mass ratio of the mixture to the rapeseed cake is 2:1, and after stirring evenly, it is aired to obtain a biological fertilizer;

Step 2, the preparation of the Bordeaux mixture

Put copper sulfate into water to dilute, and the mass ratio of copper sulfate to water is 1:80, after stirring evenly, make diluted copper sulfate, put quicklime into water, and the mass ratio of quicklime to water is 1:40, stir After uniformity, the lime milk is obtained, and the diluted copper sulfate is poured into the lime milk, and stirred while pouring to obtain the Bordeaux mixture;

Step 3, mixing the Bacillus subtilis HS5B5, biological fertilizer and Bordeaux mixture and stirring evenly to obtain a biopesticide, and the parts by weight of each component in the biopesticide are 1-2 parts by weight of the Bacillus subtilis HS5B5 The parts by weight of biological fertilizer are 8-10 parts, and the parts by weight of Bordeaux mixture are 4-5 parts.

Example 1

A biopesticide for preventing and treating brown spot of peony, said biopesticide is made of Bacillus subtilis, biological fertilizer and Bordeaux mixture, and the parts by weight of each component used in the preparation process are: 2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 10 parts of biological fertilizer and 5 parts of Bordeaux mixture, and the bacillus subtilis is named as bacillus subtilis HS5B5.

The preparation method of described biopesticide, comprises the following steps:

Step 1, the preparation of the biological fertilizer

Yeast is added to the livestock manure, and the ratio of the mass of the livestock manure to the yeast is 500:1, stirred evenly, put into the fermentation room for fermentation, and taken out after 7 days to prepare a mixture, and rapeseed cake is added to the mixture, and the mixture is mixed with The mass ratio of the rapeseed cake is 2:1, and after being stirred evenly, it is dried in the air to obtain a biological fertilizer;

Step 2, the preparation of the Bordeaux mixture

Put copper sulfate into water to dilute, and the mass ratio of copper sulfate to water is 1:80, after stirring evenly, make diluted copper sulfate, put quicklime into water, and the mass ratio of quicklime to water is 1:40, stir After uniformity, the lime milk is obtained, and the diluted copper sulfate is poured into the lime milk, and stirred while pouring to obtain the Bordeaux mixture;

Step 3, mixing the Bacillus subtilis HS5B5, biological fertilizer and Bordeaux mixture and stirring evenly to obtain a biopesticide, and the parts by weight of each component in the biopesticide are 2 parts by weight of the Bacillus subtilis HS5B5, The parts by weight of the biological fertilizer are 10 parts, and the parts by weight of the Bordeaux mixture are 5 parts.

Example 2

A biopesticide for preventing and treating brown spot of peony, the biopesticide is made of Bacillus subtilis, biological fertilizer and Bordeaux mixture, and the parts by weight of the components used in the preparation process are: 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 8 parts of biological fertilizer and 4 parts of Bordeaux mixture, and the bacillus subtilis is named as bacillus subtilis HS5B5.

The preparation method of described biopesticide, comprises the following steps:

Step 1, the preparation of the biological fertilizer

Yeast is added to the livestock manure, and the ratio of the mass of the livestock manure to the yeast is 500:1, stirred evenly, put into the fermentation room for fermentation, taken out after 6 days, and the mixture is prepared, and rapeseed cake is added to the mixture, and the mixture is mixed with The mass ratio of the rapeseed cake is 2:1, and after being stirred evenly, it is dried in the air to obtain a biological fertilizer;

Step 2, the preparation of the Bordeaux mixture

Put copper sulfate into water to dilute, and the mass ratio of copper sulfate to water is 1:80, after stirring evenly, make diluted copper sulfate, put quicklime into water, and the mass ratio of quicklime to water is 1:40, stir After uniformity, the lime milk is obtained, and the diluted copper sulfate is poured into the lime milk, and stirred while pouring to obtain the Bordeaux mixture;

Step 3, mixing the Bacillus subtilis HS5B5, biological fertilizer and Bordeaux mixture and stirring evenly to obtain the biopesticide, and the parts by weight of each component in the biopesticide is 1 part by weight of the Bacillus subtilis HS5B5, The parts by weight of the biological fertilizer are 8 parts, and the parts by weight of the Bordeaux mixture are 4 parts.

test one

On April 6, 2015, 400 tree peonies in the peony cultivation area of Luoyang International Peony Garden were selected as test objects, and the peonies were divided into four groups A, B, C, and D, and the Peony seedlings were inoculated with the same amount of Cladosporium peony. Group A uses the biopesticide of the present invention and sprays once every two weeks; Group B uses the Bacillus subtilis HS5B5 bacterium liquid of the present invention and sprays it once every two weeks; Pesticides were sprayed every two weeks; group D was sprayed with water every two weeks as a control.

Inspection results on June 5, 2015: In group A, no peony brown spot and tree peony powdery mildew occurred, and the plants grew robustly. In group B, 6 peony plants had brown spot disease, and 17 peony plants had powdery mildew. The plants were obviously not as good as A In group C, 32 peonies suffered from brown spot and 2 peonies suffered from powdery mildew. Although the plants were not as strong as in group A, they were obviously stronger than group B. In group D, 79 peonies suffered from brown spot, and 14 peonies suffered from brown spot. Powdery mildew, weak plant growth.

The results show that: Bacillus subtilis HS5B5 can prevent brown spot of tree peony, and also has a certain inhibitory effect on powdery mildew of tree peony. The mixed use of biological fertilizer and Bordeaux mixture can improve soil fertility, stimulate plant growth, and promote the absorption of nutrients by tree peony. Although peony brown spot and tree peony powdery mildew have certain effects, the effect is not obvious, and the biopesticide of the present invention can not only prevent tree peony brown spot more effectively, but also can effectively prevent tree peony powdery mildew, and can also promote plant growth and development. grow.

Test two

Select 300 peonies with the same growth potential and divide them into three groups: A, B, and C, wherein group A uses the biological pesticide of the present invention, group B uses the biological fertilizer of the present invention, and group C does not add any ingredients. Observe and record growth.

Test results: The average flowering period of group A is 11 days, the average flowering period of group B is 9 days, and the average flowering period of group C is 6 days.

The results show that the biological fertilizer can prolong the flowering period of peony, and the effect of prolonging the flowering period of peony is more obvious after adding Bacillus subtilis HS5B5 and Bordeaux mixture to form the biological pesticide of the present invention.

The results of Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 show that Bacillus subtilis HS5B5 has obvious inhibitory effect on tree peony brown spot with Cladosporium peony as the pathogenic fungus, and also has a certain inhibitory effect on tree peony powdery mildew. It has obvious effects on disease suppression, plant growth promotion and flowering extension. After being mixed in proportion, the biopesticide of the present invention can inhibit the activity of pathogenic fungi of peony brown spot and peony powdery mildew, increase the disease resistance and stress resistance of peony, and promote plant growth. The simple accumulation of bacillus, biological fertilizer and Bordeaux mixture, after compounding, there is an obvious synergistic effect between the ingredients.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of preparation method for being used to prevent and treat the biological pesticide of tree peony brown spot, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

Step 1: the preparation of bio-fertilizer：Saccharomycete is added in excrement of animals, and the ratio of excrement of animals and saccharomycete quality is 500:1, fermentation in fermenting cellar is put into after stirring, is taken out after 6-7 days, mixture is made, rape cake is added into mixture, And the mass ratio of mixture and rape cake is 2:1, dried after stirring, bio-fertilizer is made；

Step 2: the preparation of Bordeaux mixture：Copper sulphate is put into water and diluted, and the mass ratio of copper sulphate and water is 1:80, After stirring, dilute sulphuric acid copper is made, quick lime is put into water, and the mass ratio of quick lime and water is 1:40, stirring After uniform, milk of lime is made, dilute sulphuric acid copper is poured into milk of lime, Bordeaux mixture is made in bevelling stirring in side；

Step 3: by weight by the bio-fertilizer of 1-2 parts of HS5B5,8-10 parts of bacillus subtilis and 4-5 parts of Bordeaux Stirred after liquid mixing and biological pesticide is made；The bacillus subtilis HS5B5 is bacillus subtilis（Bacillus subtilis）HS5B5, the bacterial strain is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, address： No. 3 Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica of institute of BeiChen West Road, Chaoyang District, BeiJing City 1, preserving number is：CGMCC No. 6088 。