CN104326269B - A continuous discharge method for cooling and decompression of high-temperature and high-pressure powder particles - Google Patents
A continuous discharge method for cooling and decompression of high-temperature and high-pressure powder particles Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种针对高温高压粉体颗粒冷却减压连续排放的方法及装置，适用于控制粉体颗粒的大范围连续排放。 The invention relates to a method and device for cooling and depressurizing continuous discharge of high-temperature and high-pressure powder particles, which are suitable for controlling large-scale continuous discharge of powder particles.
背景技术 Background technique
煤作为我国主要的一次能源，在工业生产中有着重要的地位，随着社会发展的需要，对煤的需求量越来越大，但是优质煤量不足以满足发展的需求，因此，加大了对劣质煤应用的研究。就目前的研究成果显示，处理好劣质煤带来的环境污染及效率不高等问题对技术发展至关重要。环境污染主要是气体排放污染和排渣的污染，利用流化床技术可以减少有害气体的排放，也有利于处理我国高灰熔点煤种带来的排渣困难等一系列问题。本发明开发了一种针对高温高压粉体颗粒冷却减压连续排放的装置，利用这种装置能将高温高压粉体颗粒先进行冷却卸压再排放，还可以在大范围内控制粉体颗粒的连续排放。 Coal, as the main primary energy source in my country, plays an important role in industrial production. With the needs of social development, the demand for coal is increasing, but the amount of high-quality coal is not enough to meet the needs of development. Therefore, increased Research on the application of inferior coal. According to the current research results, it is very important for technological development to deal with the environmental pollution and low efficiency caused by inferior coal. Environmental pollution is mainly gas emission pollution and slag discharge pollution. The use of fluidized bed technology can reduce the emission of harmful gases, and is also conducive to dealing with a series of problems such as the difficulty of slag discharge caused by high ash melting point coals in my country. The present invention develops a device for cooling and depressurizing continuous discharge of high-temperature and high-pressure powder particles. Using this device, the high-temperature and high-pressure powder particles can be cooled and depressurized before being discharged, and the powder particles can also be controlled in a wide range. continuous discharge.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
技术问题：本本发明的目的是对高温高压粉体颗粒进行降温卸压处理，提供了一种针对高温高压粉体颗粒冷却减压连续排放装置及方法，采用本发明可以实现控制粉体颗粒大范围内连续排放，操作方便。 Technical problem: The purpose of this invention is to cool down and relieve pressure on high-temperature and high-pressure powder particles, and provide a continuous discharge device and method for cooling and decompression of high-temperature and high-pressure powder particles. The invention can realize the control of large-scale powder particles Internal continuous discharge, easy to operate.
发明内容：针对上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是： Summary of the invention: For the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is:
一种针对高温高压粉体颗粒冷却减压连续排放的装置，该方法所用的装置包括冷却输料室、高压储罐、变压储罐和常压储罐； A device for cooling and depressurizing continuous discharge of high-temperature and high-pressure powder particles, the device used in the method includes a cooling material delivery chamber, a high-pressure storage tank, a variable pressure storage tank and an atmospheric pressure storage tank;
所述的冷却输料室包括定向输送室和减温排料室，其中定向输送室的进口与水冷输灰管的出口相连，定向输送室的底端设有定向风帽，松动风通过定向风帽流入定向输送室，与定向输送室相连的一侧是减温排料室；减温排料室的底端设 有布风板，流化风通过布风板吹入减温排料室，减温排料室内置水冷盘管； The cooling material conveying chamber includes a directional conveying chamber and a temperature-reducing discharge chamber, wherein the inlet of the directional conveying chamber is connected with the outlet of the water-cooled ash conveying pipe, and the bottom end of the directional conveying chamber is provided with a directional wind cap, and the loosening wind flows in through the directional wind cap. Directional conveying room, the side connected with the directional conveying room is the cooling and discharging room; the bottom of the cooling and discharging room is equipped with an air distribution plate, and the fluidized wind is blown into the cooling and discharging room through the air distribution plate to reduce the temperature. The discharge chamber has a built-in water cooling coil;
所述的高压储罐进口与减温排料室出口相连，高压储罐底部的锥形部分与下料管相连，下料管由第一锁料阀和第一锁气阀控制；高压储罐的一侧布置有旋风分离器，旋风分离器的排风管路由排风阀控制，旋风分离器的输料管由第二锁料阀和第二锁气阀控制； The inlet of the high-pressure storage tank is connected to the outlet of the desuperheating discharge chamber, and the tapered part at the bottom of the high-pressure storage tank is connected to the feeding pipe, and the feeding pipe is controlled by the first material lock valve and the first air lock valve; the high-pressure storage tank A cyclone separator is arranged on one side of the cyclone separator, the exhaust pipe of the cyclone separator is controlled by the exhaust valve, and the feeding pipe of the cyclone separator is controlled by the second material lock valve and the second air lock valve;
所述的变压储罐进口与高压储罐下料管的出口相连，变压储罐设有充气管路和放气管路，其中充气管路由进气阀、第一平衡阀和第二平衡阀控制，放气管路由排气阀控制；变压储罐底部的锥形部分与输料管相连，输料管由第三锁料阀和第三锁气阀控制； The inlet of the variable pressure storage tank is connected to the outlet of the feeding pipe of the high pressure storage tank, and the variable pressure storage tank is provided with an inflation pipeline and a deflation pipeline, wherein the inflation pipeline is composed of an intake valve, a first balance valve and a second balance valve Control, the air release pipeline is controlled by the exhaust valve; the tapered part at the bottom of the variable pressure storage tank is connected with the feeding pipe, and the feeding pipe is controlled by the third material lock valve and the third air lock valve;
所述的常压储罐进口与变压储罐输料管的出口相连，常压储罐的一侧与旋风分离器输料管的出口相连； The inlet of the atmospheric storage tank is connected to the outlet of the delivery pipe of the variable pressure storage tank, and one side of the atmospheric storage tank is connected to the outlet of the delivery pipe of the cyclone separator;
减温排料室内分隔成容积较小的排料室，在减温排料室总排料量范围内，划分为两个或两个以上小排料室，按照排放量要求，给对应小排料室下方的布风板通流化风，使粉体颗粒经过冷却盘管减温后输入到高压储罐，实现对排放颗粒量的大范围连续性控制； The cooling and discharging chamber is divided into smaller discharge chambers. Within the total discharge volume range of the cooling and discharging chamber, it is divided into two or more small discharging chambers. The air distribution plate under the material chamber passes through the fluidized air, so that the powder particles are transported to the high-pressure storage tank after being cooled by the cooling coil, so as to realize a large-scale continuous control of the amount of discharged particles;
该方法包括如下步骤： The method comprises the steps of:
步骤1：将高温高压粉体颗粒从水冷输灰管投入到定向输送室中，以N2作为松动风气源，通入到定向风帽，将高温高压粉体颗粒吹入减温排料室，减温排料室被分隔成容积较小的排料室，根据粉体颗粒排放量的要求，给对应容积排料室下方的布风板通入流化风，使粉体颗粒经过冷却盘管减温后流入高压储罐，打开排风阀，使流化风通过排风管路排出； Step 1: Put the high-temperature and high-pressure powder particles into the directional conveying chamber from the water-cooled ash conveying pipe, use N 2 as the source of loosening air, and pass it into the directional air cap, blow the high-temperature and high-pressure powder particles into the cooling and discharging chamber, and reduce the temperature. The warm discharge chamber is divided into discharge chambers with smaller volumes. According to the requirements of the discharge volume of powder particles, the fluidizing air is passed into the air distribution plate below the corresponding volume discharge chamber, so that the powder particles can be cooled by cooling coils. Then it flows into the high-pressure storage tank, and the exhaust valve is opened to let the fluidized air be discharged through the exhaust pipeline;
步骤2：关闭排风阀，打开充气管路的进气阀和第一平衡阀，将N2充入变压储罐，待变压储罐内的压力与高压储罐内的压力相接近时，关闭进气阀，打开第二平衡阀，使变压储罐与高压储罐两者的压力相等，依次打开第一锁气阀和第一锁料阀，粉体颗粒依靠自身重力落入变压储罐内，待粉体颗粒落到变压储罐后，打开放气管路的排气阀，完成减压操作； Step 2: Close the exhaust valve, open the intake valve and the first balance valve of the charging pipeline, and fill N2 into the variable pressure storage tank until the pressure in the variable pressure storage tank is close to the pressure in the high pressure storage tank , close the intake valve, open the second balance valve, so that the pressure of the variable pressure storage tank and the high pressure storage tank are equal, open the first air lock valve and the first material lock valve in turn, and the powder particles fall into the variable pressure tank by their own gravity. In the pressure storage tank, after the powder particles fall into the variable pressure storage tank, open the exhaust valve of the air release line to complete the decompression operation;
步骤3：依次打开第三锁气阀和第三锁料阀，变压储罐中的粉体颗粒落入常压储罐中被收集；依次打开第二锁气阀和第二锁料阀，旋风分离器中的粉体颗粒落入常压储罐中被收集。 Step 3: Open the third air lock valve and the third material lock valve in sequence, and the powder particles in the variable pressure storage tank fall into the normal pressure storage tank to be collected; open the second air lock valve and the second material lock valve in sequence, The powder particles in the cyclone separator fall into the atmospheric storage tank to be collected.
有益效果：与现有技术相比，本发明的技术方案具有如下优点： Beneficial effect: Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:
1、本发明对高温高压粉体颗粒进行了有效地降温卸压，利用水冷盘管将高温颗粒的温度降低，其中流化风还有助于颗粒的散热；在压力罐和变压罐之间设置充气管路和放气管路，利用充气管路使颗粒能依靠自身重力下降，使下落更加平稳，减少对变压罐的冲击；放气管路完成高压粉体颗粒的卸压。 1. The present invention effectively lowers the temperature and pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure powder particles, and uses a water-cooled coil to reduce the temperature of the high-temperature particles, wherein the fluidizing wind also contributes to the heat dissipation of the particles; between the pressure tank and the transformer tank Set up the inflation pipeline and the deflation pipeline, and use the inflation pipeline to make the particles fall by their own gravity, making the fall more stable and reducing the impact on the pressure tank; the deflation pipeline completes the pressure relief of the high-pressure powder particles.
2、本发明将减温排料室分成若干个小空间，根据排放量要求，导入相应空间的流化风，就可以完成对排放量的大范围连续控制，使排放过程更具连续性，有利于粉体排放的监控。 2. The present invention divides the temperature reduction and discharge chamber into several small spaces, and according to the requirements of the discharge volume, the fluidizing wind introduced into the corresponding space can complete the large-scale continuous control of the discharge volume, making the discharge process more continuous and efficient. Facilitate the monitoring of powder discharge.
3、定向输送室中设置有定向风帽，可以将高温高压粉体颗粒有效地导入减温排料室，避免了装置的堵塞，保证了装置的流畅性。 3. There is a directional air cap in the directional conveying chamber, which can effectively guide the high-temperature and high-pressure powder particles into the cooling and discharging chamber, avoiding the blockage of the device and ensuring the smoothness of the device.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图； Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
图2为定向输送室和减温排料室的结果示意图。 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the results of the directional conveying chamber and the desuperheating discharge chamber.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下面结合附图及实施方式对本发明专利作进一步详细的说明： Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment mode, the patent of the present invention is described in further detail:
下面结合附图和具体实施方式，对本发明的装置及操作方法进行更为具体的说明。 The device and operation method of the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
如图1和图2所示，本发明公开了一种针对高温高压粉体颗粒冷却减压连续排放的装置，其特点在于，该装置包括冷却输料室、高压储罐4、变压储罐11和常压储罐24； As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention discloses a device for cooling and depressurizing continuous discharge of high-temperature and high-pressure powder particles. 11 and atmospheric storage tank 24;
所述的冷却输料室包括定向输送室2和减温排料室14，其中定向输送室2的进口与水冷输灰管1的出口相连，定向输送室2的底端设有定向风帽3，松动风通过定向风帽流入定向输送室2，与定向输送室2相连的一侧是减温排料室14；减温排料室14的底端设有布风板16，流化风通过布风板16吹入减温排料室14，减温排料室14内置水冷盘管15； The cooling conveying chamber includes a directional conveying chamber 2 and a temperature-reducing discharge chamber 14, wherein the inlet of the directional conveying chamber 2 is connected to the outlet of the water-cooled ash conveying pipe 1, and the bottom end of the directional conveying chamber 2 is provided with a directional wind cap 3, The loose wind flows into the directional conveying chamber 2 through the directional air cap, and the side connected to the directional conveying chamber 2 is the temperature-reducing discharge chamber 14; The plate 16 is blown into the temperature reduction and discharge chamber 14, and the temperature reduction and discharge chamber 14 has a built-in water cooling coil 15;
所述的高压储罐4进口与减温排料室14出口相连，高压储罐4底部的锥形部分与下料管相连，下料管由第一锁料阀6和第一锁气阀7控制；高压储罐4 的一侧布置有旋风分离器19，旋风分离器19的排风管路17由排风阀18控制，旋风分离器19的输料管由第二锁料阀20和第二锁气阀21控制； The inlet of the high-pressure storage tank 4 is connected to the outlet of the temperature-reducing discharge chamber 14, and the tapered part at the bottom of the high-pressure storage tank 4 is connected to the feeding pipe, and the feeding pipe is connected by the first material lock valve 6 and the first air lock valve 7 Control; one side of the high-pressure storage tank 4 is arranged with a cyclone separator 19, the exhaust pipeline 17 of the cyclone separator 19 is controlled by the exhaust valve 18, and the feed pipe of the cyclone separator 19 is controlled by the second material locking valve 20 and the second Second air lock valve 21 control;
所述的变压储罐11进口与高压储罐4下料管的出口相连，变压储罐11设有充气管路8和放气管路22，其中充气管路8由进气阀9、第一平衡阀10和第二平衡阀5控制，放气管路由排气阀23控制；变压储罐11底部的锥形部分与输料管相连，输料管由第三锁料阀12和第三锁气阀13控制； The inlet of the variable pressure storage tank 11 is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure storage tank 4 feeding pipes, and the variable pressure storage tank 11 is provided with an inflation pipeline 8 and a deflation pipeline 22, wherein the inflation pipeline 8 is composed of an air intake valve 9, a second A balance valve 10 and a second balance valve 5 are controlled, and the air release pipeline is controlled by an exhaust valve 23; the tapered part at the bottom of the variable pressure storage tank 11 is connected with the feed pipe, and the feed pipe is connected by the third locking valve 12 and the third feed pipe. Air lock valve 13 control;
所述的常压储罐24进口与变压储罐11输料管的出口相连，常压储罐24的一侧与旋风分离器19输料管的出口相连； The inlet of the atmospheric pressure storage tank 24 is connected to the outlet of the variable pressure storage tank 11 feed pipe, and one side of the atmospheric pressure storage tank 24 is connected to the outlet of the cyclone separator 19 feed pipe;
减温排料室14内分隔成容积较小的排料室，在减温排料室14总排料量范围内，根据需要划分为两个或两个以上小排料室，按照排放量要求，给对应小排料室下方的布风板16通流化风，使粉体颗粒经过冷却盘管15减温后输入到高压储罐4，实现了对排放颗粒量的大范围连续性控制； The temperature-reducing discharge chamber 14 is divided into discharge chambers with smaller volumes. Within the total discharge volume range of the temperature-reducing discharge chamber 14, it can be divided into two or more small discharge chambers according to the discharge volume requirements. , to pass the fluidizing air to the air distribution plate 16 below the corresponding small discharge chamber, so that the powder particles are input to the high-pressure storage tank 4 after being cooled by the cooling coil 15, and a large-scale continuous control of the amount of discharged particles is realized;
定向输送室2中利用通过定向风帽3的气流，实现对高温高压粉体颗粒流动方向和流动速度的控制； In the directional conveying chamber 2, the air flow passing through the directional hood 3 is used to control the flow direction and flow velocity of the high-temperature and high-pressure powder particles;
利用所述的装置进行高温高压粉体颗粒冷却减压连续排放的方法，步骤如下： The method for carrying out cooling and decompression continuous discharge of high-temperature and high-pressure powder particles by using the device is as follows:
步骤1：将高温高压粉体颗粒从水冷输灰管1投入到定向输送室2中，以N2作为松动风气源，通入到定向风帽3，将高温高压粉体颗粒吹入减温排料室14，减温排料室14被分隔成容积较小的排料室，根据粉体颗粒排放量的要求，给对应容积排料室下方的布风板16通入流化风，使粉体颗粒经过冷却盘管15减温后流入高压储罐4，打开排风阀18，使流化风通过排风管路17排出； Step 1: Put the high-temperature and high-pressure powder particles from the water-cooled ash conveying pipe 1 into the directional conveying chamber 2, use N2 as the loosening air source, and pass it into the directional air cap 3, and blow the high-temperature and high-pressure powder particles into the cooling discharge Room 14, the cooling discharge chamber 14 is divided into discharge chambers with smaller volumes. According to the requirements of the discharge volume of powder particles, the air distribution plate 16 below the corresponding volume discharge chamber is fed with fluidized air to make the powder particles After being cooled by the cooling coil 15, it flows into the high-pressure storage tank 4, and the exhaust valve 18 is opened to discharge the fluidized air through the exhaust pipeline 17;
步骤2：关闭排风阀18，打开充气管路8的进气阀9和第一平衡阀10，将N2充入变压储罐11，待变压储罐11内的压力与高压储罐4内的压力相接近时，关闭进气阀9，打开第二平衡阀5，使变压储罐11与高压储罐4两者的压力相等，依次打开第一锁气阀7和第一锁料阀6，粉体颗粒依靠自身重力落入变压储罐11内，待粉体颗粒落到变压储罐11后，打开放气管路22的排气阀23，完成减压操作； Step 2: Close the exhaust valve 18, open the intake valve 9 and the first balance valve 10 of the charging pipeline 8 , and fill N into the variable pressure storage tank 11. When the pressure in 4 is close, close the intake valve 9, open the second balance valve 5, make the pressures of the variable pressure storage tank 11 and the high pressure storage tank 4 equal, and open the first air lock valve 7 and the first lock in turn. Material valve 6, the powder particles fall into the pressure-changing storage tank 11 by their own gravity, after the powder particles fall into the pressure-changing storage tank 11, open the exhaust valve 23 of the venting pipeline 22 to complete the decompression operation;
步骤3：依次打开第三锁气阀13和第三锁料阀12，变压储罐11中的粉体颗粒落入常压储罐24中被收集；依次打开第二锁气阀21和第二锁料阀20，旋风分离器19中的粉体颗粒落入常压储罐24中被收集。 Step 3: Open the third air lock valve 13 and the third material lock valve 12 in sequence, and the powder particles in the variable pressure storage tank 11 fall into the normal pressure storage tank 24 to be collected; open the second air lock valve 21 and the third material lock valve in sequence Second, the material lock valve 20, the powder particles in the cyclone separator 19 fall into the atmospheric pressure storage tank 24 and are collected.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出：对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。 The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also possible. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN1793290A (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2006-06-28 | 李园 | Control method for powdered coal pressure and transferring program for powdered coal gasification |
| CN103215080A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-07-24 | 东南大学 | Ash discharge device for high-temperature high-pressure ash particle and ash discharge method thereof |
| CN204173582U (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-02-25 | 东南大学 | A kind of for High Temperature High Pressure powder granule cooling decompressing and continuous tapping equipment |
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| CN1793290A (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2006-06-28 | 李园 | Control method for powdered coal pressure and transferring program for powdered coal gasification |
| CN103215080A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-07-24 | 东南大学 | Ash discharge device for high-temperature high-pressure ash particle and ash discharge method thereof |
| CN204173582U (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-02-25 | 东南大学 | A kind of for High Temperature High Pressure powder granule cooling decompressing and continuous tapping equipment |
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