CN104174631B - A kind of garbage sorting treatment process - Google Patents
A kind of garbage sorting treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN104174631B CN104174631B CN201410315321.0A CN201410315321A CN104174631B CN 104174631 B CN104174631 B CN 104174631B CN 201410315321 A CN201410315321 A CN 201410315321A CN 104174631 B CN104174631 B CN 104174631B
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003616 anti-epidemic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of garbage sorting treatment process, big rubbish manual sorting removes irony product by electromagnetic separation, is then selected by photoelectricity and the metallics in rubbish is sorted classification processing, pass through friction and spring sorting unit;Separate the rubbish of light and weight;The attachment on rubbish is flushed in cesspool by washing, the buoyancy of water and flowing, after concentrated machine processing, water is re-used, and garbage sludge residue sterilization, solids is recycled.To the material in house refuse, machine classification, electromagnetism sorting;The recycling of rubbish is improved, is turned waste into wealth;The remaining disinfectant anti-epidemic of rubbish, harmless treatment will not secondary pollution;Living environment is optimized, the sorting of mechanization reduces sanitationman's labor intensity, improve working environment, garbage reclamation rate more than 70% significantly reduces the cost of garbage disposal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to garbage sorting, more particularly, to a kind of garbage sorting treatment process.
Background technology
The rubbish of city people's daily life manufacture is very more, along with people are not high to the consciousness of garbage disposal, causes
Current categorized consumer waste intractability is than larger, and the recycling of rubbish is far from enough, although city roadside and some live
There is the chest of Waste sorting recycle at cell dumping, but actually active feasible accomplish that Waste sorting recycle is recycled not
It is many, even if citizen have been put into different (recyclable, not recyclable) dustbins consciously refuse classification, sanitationman's fortune
During rubbish, most of still mix is pulled away with dolly, moves destructor plant burial after concentration to cart, is lost in the time
Naturally rot, degrade, this process time is very very long, also land occupation, pollution of the destructor plant to underground water is also very tight
Weight.Although some places have refuse-burning plant, also more serious to atmosphere pollution because technology is not bery ripe.Although rubbish
There is 60% to re-use in theory, but domestic at present can finally reach that Waste sorting recycle, the quantity recycled are also seldom.
In view of above-mentioned many reasons are, it is necessary to improve the technique of garbage sorting processing.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve during workman's fortune rubbish, and most of still mix is pulled away with dolly, and cart is used after concentration
Move destructor plant burial to, rot, degrade with time loss nature, this process time is very very long, also land occupation, rubbish
Pollution of the treatment plant to underground water is also very serious.Although some places have refuse-burning plant, because technology is not bery ripe,
It is also more serious to atmosphere pollution.Although rubbish has 60% to re-use in theory, the country can finally reach rubbish at present
Classification is reclaimed, the quantity of recycling is also seldom;By reasonably designing there is provided a kind of garbage sorting treatment process, pass through conveying
Equipment is transported to broken bag mechanism, disperses all rubbish, is easy to the rubbish of manual sorting's bulk, and irony product are removed by magnetic separation,
By electric separation according to electric conductivity, the metal class material in rubbish is sorted out;To the material in house refuse, machine classification, electromagnetism
Sorting;The recycling of rubbish is improved, is turned waste into wealth;The remaining disinfectant anti-epidemic of rubbish, harmless treatment will not secondary dirt
Dye;Living environment is optimized, the sorting of mechanization reduces sanitationman's labor intensity, improves working environment, garbage reclamation
Rate more than 70%, significantly reduces the cost of garbage disposal.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that to realize above-mentioned goal of the invention:A kind of garbage sorting treatment process,
Rubbish moves soot to and directly pours into feed bin, and broken bag mechanism is transported to by conveying equipment, and rubbish is scattered by broken bag, then send
Enter distributing belt, be easy to the big such as timber of manual sorting, stone carton to cause the material of obstacle, people's work point to subsequent sort
The rubbish picked up is run forward by belt by station classification cartonning, residual refuse, is removed irony product by electromagnetic separation, then passed through
Electric separation handles such as classification such as copper, aluminium, zinc, lead, stainless steel of remaining metal class material in rubbish, and residual refuse is set by conveying
Standby feeding friction and spring sorting unit.
Add selection by winnowing material by light, reclassification, fortune of the different solid waste on inclined-plane with spring sorting unit by friction
Flowing mode is different from density and different with the property of particle, and fibrous waste is with sheet waste by sliding, and spheric granules has cunning
Dynamic, rolling and spring three kinds of motions mode, when particle monomer " interference-free " is moved downward on inclined-plane, corpus fibrosum or sheet
The sliding speed of body is smaller, and it is smaller that it departs from the initial velocity dished out on inclined-plane;Spheric granules is mutually tied due to sliding, rolling with spring
The motion of conjunction, acceleration is larger, and movement velocity is very fast, and the initial velocity that its disengaging inclined-plane is dished out is also larger, therefore in solid waste
Fibrous waste and particle waste, sheet waste and particle waste, when because shape is different, moving, bouncing on inclined-plane, produce
Movement velocity respectively and movement locus, by movement locus, such as brick of weight, tile fragment, glass, rubber slab in rubbish with
The classification of poor quality of light rubbish such as paper, leaf, polybag etc.;
Add all kinds of rubbish that selection by winnowing is classified again respectively by photometric sorting with spring sorting unit by rubbing, by life rubbish
The material such as remaining rubber, plastics, glass is finely sorted in rubbish;
Photometric sorting principle is as follows:Solid waste through the laggard material bin of narrow classification in advance, by vibratory sluice equably by
It is individual to fall on high speed groove feed belt, spaced out on belt and advance of queuing up, being thrown into light inspection case from belt head end is examined,
When particle is by light detection zone, irradiated by light source, background board show particle color and tone, when particle to be selected color with
When background color is different, reflected light is converted to the electric signal Strength Changes of reflected light " this signal with ", electronics through photomultiplier
After the circuit analysis signal, produce control signal driving high frequency air valve, eject compressed air, by electronic circuit analysis go out it is different
Blow off falls track to coloured particles " particle i.e. to be selected ", is collected, and the satisfactory particle of color still presses original track certainly
Collected by whereabouts, so as to realize separation.
The rubbish of weight enters weight with guipure machine and washes tank, and rubbish first passes through high-pressure nozzle flushing, then passes through tank
Buoyancy and flow sorting, suspension and adhesion thing in water taken away by current in the pond for flowing into sewage concentration, another kind of is
Solids current on guipure machine, which can not be taken away, to be left.
Sewage containing a large amount of floats and adhesion thing is divided into water and sludge by the concentration of sewage concentration equipment, and water passes through film
After pipe production water process, by the super purification considered with nanofiltration, removing heavy metal turns into industrial water or greening water, repeats profit
With;Meanwhile, by the sludge slurry of sewage concentration by sterilization after, carry out press filtration expressed water, pass through drying, crush, screening feeding
Packing machine is packed, and can make chemical fertilizer;If press filtration thing is sintered, construction material can be done after sinter crushing, screening.
After dehydration and drying that the solids left in the sewage of weight washing is sorted by solids, by optoelectronic device point
Choosing:The glass of sorting, plastics, rubber-like object classification packaging, sorting sandstone class material after disintegrating apparatus is broken, pass through
Packed after sub-sieve, construction material can be done.
Beneficial effect:To the material in house refuse, machine classification, electromagnetism sorting;The recycling of rubbish is improved, is become
Waste be changed into values;The remaining disinfectant anti-epidemic of rubbish, harmless treatment will not secondary pollution;Optimize living environment, point of mechanization
Pick, reduce sanitationman's labor intensity, improve working environment, garbage reclamation rate more than 70% significantly reduces rubbish
The cost of processing.
Rubbish moves soot to and directly pours into feed bin, and broken bag mechanism is transported to by conveying equipment, disperses all rubbish,
Distributing belt is then fed into, is easy to the rubbish of manual sorting's bulk, irony product are removed by magnetic separation, by electric separation according to conduction
Property, metallics is sorted out.By rub with spring sort different solid waste inclined-plane motion mode with particle
Property or density it is different and different.Fibrous waste or sheet waste almost entirely by slide, spheric granules have slip, roll and
Spring three kinds of motions mode.When particle monomer (interference-free) is moved downward on inclined-plane, the slip of corpus fibrosum or plates
Speed is smaller, and it is smaller that it departs from the initial velocity dished out on inclined-plane;The fortune that spheric granules is combined due to sliding, rolling and bouncing
Dynamic, acceleration is larger, and movement velocity is very fast, and it is also larger that it departs from the initial velocity dished out on inclined-plane.Therefore the fiber in solid waste
Shape waste and particle waste, sheet waste and particle waste, because shape is different, when moving or bounce on inclined-plane, are produced different
Movement velocity and movement locus, realize and separate each other.So in rubbish weight such as brick, tile fragment, glass, rubber slab with
Light such as polybag, paper product is separated.
Rubbish is sorted by photometric sorting, photometric sorting be using material surface reflective character difference and separation of material
Method, available for reclaiming rubber, plastics, metal, the material such as glass from municipal refuse.
Solid waste stays groove equably to fall people's high speed groove charging skin one by one through the narrow laggard people's hopper of classification in advance by vibration
Take, certain distance is pulled open on belt and advance of queuing up, throw people's light inspection case from belt head end and examined.When particle is detected by light
Qu Shi, is irradiated by light source, and background board shows the color or tone of particle, when the color of particle to be selected is different from background color,
Reflected light is converted to the electric signal Strength Changes of reflected light (this signal with), the electronic circuit analysis signal through photomultiplier
Afterwards, control signal driving high frequency air valve is produced, compressed air is ejected, the heterochromatic particle that electronic circuit analysis is gone out (is intended to select
Particle) blow off original whereabouts track, collected.And the satisfactory particle of color is still subject to by original track free-falling
Collect, so as to realize a point classification.
After such as polybag of rubbish lightly is removed, rubbish from cooking is mixed with a little rubbish of weight, is residue etc. by washing
Into in water, the rubbish drying in other carries out photometric sorting and separated completely again.The size-reduced screening that can be crushed is final
Put in storage or packed with powder.
All sewage of cleaning are concentrated into concentration basin, and clear water removes removing heavy metals through filmed passing tube production water, then through ultrafiltration and receives
The water of filter is repeatable to be utilized.After sludge slurry is sterilized, then through filter press squeezing water, drying can do fertilizer or construction material.
Rubbish by this PROCESS FOR TREATMENT can utilize more than 70% substantially.
At present, the problem of garbage reclamation is present and the present situation of garbage disposal, my company are set according to manufacturing and designing environmental protection for many years
The experience of standby and mining equiment, has developed a set of refuse classification handling process.Run by this technology and complete set equipment, can be life
The 70% of rubbish living reclassifies recycling.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is:Process flow diagram.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Embodiment 1
As shown in the figure;Rubbish moves soot to and directly pours into feed bin, and broken bag mechanism is transported to by conveying equipment, and rubbish leads to
Cross broken bag to disperse, be then fed into distributing belt, be easy to the big such as timber of manual sorting, stone carton to be caused to subsequent sort
The material of obstacle, the rubbish of artificial go-no-go presses station classification cartonning, and residual refuse is run forward by belt, removed by electromagnetic separation
Irony product are removed, then such as classification such as copper, aluminium, zinc, lead, stainless steel of remaining metal class material in rubbish is handled by electric separation,
Residual refuse passes through the friction of conveying equipment feeding and spring sorting unit.
Add selection by winnowing material by light, reclassification, fortune of the different solid waste on inclined-plane with spring sorting unit by friction
Flowing mode is different from density and different with the property of particle, and fibrous waste is with sheet waste by sliding, and spheric granules has cunning
Dynamic, rolling and spring three kinds of motions mode, when particle monomer " interference-free " is moved downward on inclined-plane, corpus fibrosum or sheet
The sliding speed of body is smaller, and it is smaller that it departs from the initial velocity dished out on inclined-plane;Spheric granules is mutually tied due to sliding, rolling with spring
The motion of conjunction, acceleration is larger, and movement velocity is very fast, and the initial velocity that its disengaging inclined-plane is dished out is also larger, therefore in solid waste
Fibrous waste and particle waste, sheet waste and particle waste, when because shape is different, moving, bouncing on inclined-plane, produce
Movement velocity respectively and movement locus, by movement locus, such as brick of weight, tile fragment, glass, rubber slab in rubbish with
The classification of poor quality of light rubbish such as paper, leaf, polybag etc.;
Add all kinds of rubbish that selection by winnowing is classified again respectively by photometric sorting with spring sorting unit by rubbing, by life rubbish
The material such as remaining rubber, plastics, glass is finely sorted in rubbish;
Photometric sorting principle is as follows:Solid waste through the laggard material bin of narrow classification in advance, by vibratory sluice equably by
It is individual to fall on high speed groove feed belt, spaced out on belt and advance of queuing up, being thrown into light inspection case from belt head end is examined,
When particle is by light detection zone, irradiated by light source, background board show particle color and tone, when particle to be selected color with
When background color is different, reflected light is converted to the electric signal Strength Changes of reflected light " this signal with ", electronics through photomultiplier
After the circuit analysis signal, produce control signal driving high frequency air valve, eject compressed air, by electronic circuit analysis go out it is different
Blow off falls track to coloured particles " particle i.e. to be selected ", is collected, and the satisfactory particle of color still presses original track certainly
Collected by whereabouts, so as to realize separation.
Embodiment 2
The rubbish of weight enters weight with guipure machine and washes tank, and rubbish first passes through high-pressure nozzle flushing, then passes through tank
Buoyancy and flow sorting, suspension and adhesion thing in water taken away by current in the pond for flowing into sewage concentration, another kind of is
Solids current on guipure machine, which can not be taken away, to be left.
Embodiment 3
Sewage containing a large amount of floats and adhesion thing is divided into water and sludge by the concentration of sewage concentration equipment, and water passes through film
After pipe production water process, by the super purification considered with nanofiltration, removing heavy metal turns into industrial water or greening water, repeats profit
With;Meanwhile, by the sludge slurry of sewage concentration by sterilization after, carry out press filtration expressed water, pass through drying, crush, screening feeding
Packing machine is packed, and can make chemical fertilizer;If press filtration thing is sintered, construction material can be done after sinter crushing, screening.
Embodiment 4
After dehydration and drying that the solids left in the sewage of weight washing is sorted by solids, by optoelectronic device point
Choosing:The glass of sorting, plastics, rubber-like object classification packaging, sorting sandstone class material after disintegrating apparatus is broken, pass through
Packed after sub-sieve, construction material can be done.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of garbage sorting treatment process, it is characterised in that:Rubbish moves soot to and directly pours into feed bin, passes through conveying equipment
Broken bag mechanism is transported to, rubbish is scattered by broken bag, is then fed into distributing belt, is easy to the meeting of manual sorting greatly to subsequent sort
The material of obstacle is caused, the rubbish of artificial go-no-go presses station classification cartonning, and residual refuse is run forward by belt, passes through electromagnetism
Irony product are removed in blanking, then remaining metal class material classification in rubbish are handled by electric separation, residual refuse is set by conveying
Standby feeding friction and spring sorting unit;
Add selection by winnowing material by light, reclassification, motion side of the different solid waste on inclined-plane with spring sorting unit by friction
Formula is different from density and different with the property of particle, and fibrous waste is with sheet waste by sliding, and spheric granules has slip, rolling
Dynamic and spring three kinds of motions mode, when particle monomer " interference-free " is moved downward on inclined-plane, corpus fibrosum or plates
Sliding speed is smaller, and it is smaller that it departs from the initial velocity dished out on inclined-plane;Spheric granules is due to sliding, rolling and bouncing what is be combined
Motion, acceleration is larger, and movement velocity is very fast, and the initial velocity that its disengaging inclined-plane is dished out is also larger, therefore the fibre in solid waste
Shape waste and particle waste, sheet waste and particle waste are tieed up, when because shape is different, moving, bouncing on inclined-plane, difference is produced
Movement velocity and movement locus, by movement locus, in rubbish weight with light refuse classification;
Add all kinds of rubbish that selection by winnowing is classified again respectively by photometric sorting with spring sorting unit by rubbing, by house refuse
Remaining rubber, plastics, glass substance are finely sorted;
Photometric sorting principle is as follows:Solid waste is equably fallen one by one through the narrow laggard material bin of classification in advance by vibratory sluice
Enter on high speed groove feed belt, spaced out on belt and advance of queuing up, from belt head end be thrown into light inspection case examined, when
When grain is by light detection zone, irradiated by light source, background board shows the color and tone of particle, when the color and background of particle to be selected
When color is different, reflected light is converted to the electric signal Strength Changes of reflected light " this signal with ", electronic circuit through photomultiplier
Analyze after the signal, produce control signal driving high frequency air valve, eject compressed air, heterochromatic that electronic circuit analysis is gone out
Blow off falls track to grain " particle i.e. to be selected ", is collected, and the satisfactory particle of color is still pressed under original track freedom
Fall to be collected, so as to realize separation.
2. a kind of garbage sorting treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The rubbish of weight enters with guipure machine
Enter weight washing tank, rubbish first passes through high-pressure nozzle flushing, is then sorted by the buoyancy and flow of tank, the suspension in water
Thing and adhesion thing taken away by current in the pond for flowing into sewage concentration, it is another kind of be that solids current on guipure machine can not be taken away
It is left.
3. a kind of garbage sorting treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Contain a large amount of floats and adhesion
The sewage of thing is divided into water and sludge by the concentration of sewage concentration equipment, after water produces water process through filmed passing tube, by ultrafiltration and receives
The purification of filter, removing heavy metal turns into industrial water or greening water, repeats and utilizes;Meanwhile, pass through the sludge of sewage concentration
After slurry is by sterilizing, press filtration expressed water is carried out, by drying, crushing, screening is sent into packing machine and packed, and can make chemical fertilizer;If pressure
Screening is sintered, and construction material can be done after sinter crushing, screening.
4. a kind of garbage sorting treatment process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Stayed in the sewage of weight washing
Under the dehydration that is sorted by solids of solids and drying after, sorted by optoelectronic device:The glass of sorting, plastics, rubber-like
Object classification packaging, the sandstone class material sorted, by being packed after sub-sieve, can do construction material after disintegrating apparatus is broken.
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