CN103858934B - A kind of fumigation pharmaceutical composition for animals and its preparation method and application - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of fumigation pharmaceutical composition for animals, described pharmaceutical composition is made up of following three kinds of components by weight: sodium dichloro cyanurate 9-9.5 weight portion, potassium permanganate 0.25-0.45 weight portion, hexa 0.05-0.75 weight portion.Beneficial effect of the present invention is: one provided by the invention fumigation pharmaceutical composition for animals, be mainly used in the conventional fumigation sterilization of livestock and poultry colony house, solve the following shortcoming of prior art: 1, overcome formaldehyde gas and the pollution of reaction residue to environment, animal product and the harmful effect to producers that similar traditional sootiness disinfectant preparation produces; 2, be only made up of three kinds of raw materials, main ingredient can Homogeneous phase mixing, without the need to bag distribution packaging, has good stability; 3, compared with existing similar fumigating disinfectant, light during use without naked light, only with a small amount of more than 80 DEG C hot water, " product mist " reaction can occur, it is safer, convenient to store, transport and use.

Description

A kind of veterinary fumigation pharmaceutical composition and its preparation method and application

technical field

The invention relates to the field of disinfection drugs, in particular to a veterinary fumigation and disinfection drug composition, a preparation method and application thereof.

Background technique

At present, in almost all farms, major customs, import and export ports, bulk storage and transportation of goods, customs quarantine, biopharmaceuticals, health care and grain storage in my country and all over the world, fumigation is used as a fast and thorough method. , Effective disinfection methods have been widely used. Excellent fumigant, with strong penetration, low toxicity, no corrosion, no discoloration, good electrical insulation performance, wide use temperature, small dosage, less adsorption and fast desorption, etc. The fumigation method can sterilize agricultural and sideline products such as pens, feed warehouses, wool, cotton, chemical fiber fabrics, wood, grain, leather, tobacco, bamboo and wood utensils and handicrafts by selecting a suitable fumigant. On the other hand, all kinds of fumigants currently used are harmful to humans and animals. If they are used or the process is not properly controlled, they may endanger the safety of humans and animals, cause accidents, and cause greater pollution. Therefore, in order to give full play to the advantages of fumigation, minimize its disadvantages and unfavorable factors, and better protect the environment and food safety, it is necessary to develop new efficient, safe, low-toxic and economical fumigants.

In the large-scale healthy breeding industry, the livestock and poultry pens and houses must be fumigated and disinfected with fumigation disinfectants after they are cleaned, so that newly introduced animals can be allowed to enter the pens for normal breeding. The so-called fumigation or fumigation is the use of fumigant (chemical reaction between formaldehyde solution and potassium permanganate) to quickly release formaldehyde gas and kill pathogenic microorganisms after a certain period of time. It is commonly used and practiced in livestock and poultry houses. Effective traditional disinfection method. Fumigation disinfectants have been researched and reported in China for a long time, and a large number of laboratory and field disinfection researches have been carried out. The more successful fumigant is the acid chlorine fumigant with chlorine-containing disinfectant as the bactericidal component. In subsequent research reports, many similar gases and fumigant preparations have appeared one after another, but all fumigant None of these formulations solves the stability problem after the main material and auxiliary materials are mixed. Since the main and auxiliary materials are packaged in separate bags, they can be mixed during application, making it difficult to form a formal product for this type of preparation. For example, the fumigant disinfectant composed of sodium dichloroisocyanurate and polyformaldehyde (fumigant king) and the fumigant disinfectant composed of trichloroisocyanuric acid powder and polyformaldehyde (fumigation net is also called smoke bomb), because The stability after mixing is poor, and a slow spontaneous combustion reaction will occur. In one package, the main and auxiliary materials must be packaged separately. The similar utility model patent "Fumigation and Disinfection Smoke Bomb" (Application No. CN201120210181.2) still does not solve the stability problem after the main and auxiliary materials are mixed, so it cannot form a unitary package, and one of the bag cavities is filled with fumigation disinfectant The main agent, another bag cavity is equipped with fumigant auxiliary agent. Invention patent "A Disinfectant of UClCl (also known as Jiliao Brand UClCl Disinfectant) and Its Application" (application number CN200810071823.8), composed of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, adipic acid, permanganate Potassium, rosin, light calcium carbonate, sodium acetate and auxiliary materials are prepared by mixing seven ingredients, which are euchlorozine, adipic acid, potassium permanganate, rosin, light calcium carbonate, sodium acetate and auxiliary materials (such as plant starch), etc. The disinfectant involved in the invention has too many auxiliary materials, the proportion of auxiliary materials is large, the content of main disinfection components is reduced, the processing process is complicated, and the disinfection effect is also greatly reduced. To sum up, up to now, there is still no satisfactory official fumigation product, and the Veterinary Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China does not record any fumigation preparations. In addition, the traditional fumigation and disinfection methods used in livestock and poultry breeding places are divided into two types, one is the disinfection method of oxidation reaction between formaldehyde and potassium permanganate; Volatile disinfection. The smoke produced by the above fumigation and disinfection not only contains chlorine, but also contains a large amount of formaldehyde, which is still a potential factor that pollutes the environment, livestock and poultry products, and threatens the safety and health of workers. Formally disinfected products. In 2004, formalin (formaldehyde) was designated by the World Health Organization as a carcinogen, which can easily cause respiratory diseases, and is rarely used by many breeding enterprises. Potassium permanganate has a higher cost due to price increases in recent years, and fake and inferior products (with insufficient content) are rarely used.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to address the above defects in the prior art and provide a veterinary fumigation pharmaceutical composition with simple composition, convenient processing and production, good stability after mixing main and auxiliary materials, and no pollution to the environment and products.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the invention is:

A pharmaceutical composition for veterinary fumigation, the pharmaceutical composition is composed of the following three components by weight: 9-9.5 parts by weight of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, 0.25-0.45 parts by weight of potassium permanganate Parts, hexamethylenetetramine, 0.05-0.75 parts by weight.

Further, the aforementioned pharmaceutical composition for veterinary fumigation is composed of the following three components in parts by weight: 9.3 parts by weight of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, 0.3 parts by weight of potassium permanganate parts by weight, 0.4 parts by weight of hexamethylenetetramine.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of a veterinary fumigation pharmaceutical composition, which is to weigh each component according to the above-mentioned weight ratio, mix them evenly, and pack them in aluminum-plastic film packaging bags. Can.

The third object of the present invention is to provide the application of the above-mentioned veterinary fumigation pharmaceutical composition in the disinfection of livestock and poultry houses.

Further, the above-mentioned application is to place the veterinary fumigation pharmaceutical composition in a container and evenly distribute it in various parts of the livestock and poultry house. The effective disinfection dose per cubic meter of space is 6 grams, and every 100 grams of Add 10 milliliters of hot water to the fumigation and disinfection medicinal composition, the temperature of the hot water is 80°C, and after leaving quickly, close the livestock and poultry house for more than 24 hours, and ventilate.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: a veterinary fumigation pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is mainly used for conventional fumigation and disinfection of livestock and poultry pens, and solves the following shortcomings of the prior art:

1. The veterinary fumigation pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention overcomes the pollution of formaldehyde gas and reaction residues produced by similar traditional fumigation preparations to the environment, the pollution of animal products and the adverse effects on production personnel. more environmentally friendly;

2. The veterinary fumigation and disinfection pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention is only composed of three kinds of raw materials. The main and auxiliary materials can be mixed evenly, without the need for separate bag packaging, and the stability is good. Disadvantages that main materials and auxiliary materials cannot be mixed during production, processing and transportation;

3. Compared with the existing similar fumigant disinfectants, the pharmaceutical composition for veterinary fumigation and disinfection provided by the present invention does not need to be ignited with an open flame when used, and only a small amount of hot water above 80°C can produce a "fog-producing" reaction. Storage, Transportation and use are safer and more convenient.

In order to confirm the fumigation and disinfection effect of the veterinary fumigation pharmaceutical composition provided by the invention, the fumigation and disinfection of chicken coops, breeding eggs and feed were successively carried out. The air disinfection effect is calculated according to the calculation formula of air disinfection and sterilization rate (PT) in the Ministry of Agriculture's "Appraisal Standards for Veterinary Disinfectants" (sterilization rate (%) = number of viable bacteria before disinfection - number of viable bacteria after disinfection × 100% )calculate.

1. On-site disinfection test of the chicken coop: The test selected 5 empty brooding houses with a total volume of 350 cubic meters (70 cubic meters per room) that had not been disinfected for more than 30 days as the test site. According to the drug concentration, they were divided into three groups: high, medium and low, and a formaldehyde control group and a blank control group were set up at the same time. Fumigation method: the hen house is rinsed once with clear water 1 hour before fumigation, keeps temperature 20～23 ℃, relative humidity 70～80%, then uses 12.0 grams, 6.0 grams, 3.0 grams were used to fumigate and disinfect three of the brooding houses, and put them in three different locations. When the smoke came out, people left and closed the doors and windows. For the formaldehyde control group, three ceramic basins were placed in three different positions in the house, and the formaldehyde solution was first poured in, and then potassium permanganate was added, and the people left immediately, and the doors and windows were closed.

1.1. Air disinfection of the chicken house: use the plate sedimentation method. One hour before disinfection and 24 hours after disinfection, three agar culture plates were placed in basically the same position in each group of henhouses, and the lids of the plates were opened at the same time, exposed to the air for 10 minutes, and then covered immediately. Then put them in a 37°C incubator and incubate them for 24 hours to count the bacteria.

Air disinfection effect of chicken coop: The veterinary fumigation and disinfection pharmaceutical composition of the present invention was tested with three concentrations of 12.0 grams, 6.0 grams and 3.0 grams per cubic meter. As a result, the high, medium and low doses of the veterinary fumigation and disinfection pharmaceutical composition of the present invention were fumigated, and the air disinfection and sterilization rates were 94.60%, 94.81% and 94.15%, respectively, and the difference between the groups was not significant (P≥0.05); formaldehyde control The air disinfection and sterilization rate of the group was 94.27%, which was not significantly different from the disinfection effect of the veterinary fumigation pharmaceutical composition of the present invention (P≥0.05).

1.2. Disinfection of the walls of the chicken coop: draw two 5 cm x 5 cm positions at the same position on the wall of the chicken coop, and use them as wall bacteria samples for 1 hour before disinfection and 24 hours after disinfection. When sampling, infiltrate the sterile cotton swab with 0.9% normal saline, and wipe the marked position horizontally and vertically for 10 times, and constantly change the swab to wipe the surface, cut off the cotton end of the swab, put it into the sampling solution, and forcefully wipe it. Shake 100 times to elute the bacteria. The lotion was diluted 5 times and 50 times with physiological saline, inoculated on 10% serum Martin agar medium, and cultured in a 37°C incubator for 24 hours to count the bacteria. The result is 93.88%, 92.20% and 90.00% respectively to the disinfection and sterilization rate of the wall surface, and the difference is not significant; the disinfection and sterilization rate of the formaldehyde control group to the wall surface is 92.31%, which is the same as the disinfection effect difference of the veterinary fumigation and disinfection pharmaceutical composition of the present invention. Significantly (P≥0.05).

2. Feed disinfection: spread the feed sample in the same position in the brooding house to a size of 20 cm × 20 cm × 5 cm, and start fumigation and disinfection. The fumigation and disinfection method is the same as 1, and the humidity remains in the original state of the feed warehouse. Take 1.0 g of samples before and after disinfection, dilute them 5 times, 50 times, 500 times, and 5000 times with normal saline, inoculate them on ordinary agar medium, culture them in a 37°C incubator for 24 hours, and count the bacteria . Because formaldehyde has high toxicity and irritating odor, no control experiment on feed disinfection was done. The disinfection and sterilization rates of feed were 85.36%, 84.57% and 83.03%, respectively, and there was no significant difference among the groups.

3. Disinfection of breeding eggs: due to the particularity of breeding egg embryos, the test group selected 3.0 grams/cubic meter of veterinary fumigation and disinfection pharmaceutical composition of the present invention; 16～18° C. of temperature and 70～80% relative humidity were maintained. The control group was fumigated with 25 milliliters of formalin and 12.5 grams of potassium permanganate per cubic meter. Before disinfection and 1 hour, 12 hours, and 24 hours after disinfection, 5 eggs were collected for surface bacterial culture and colony counting. 60 qualified breeding eggs were randomly selected and divided into a test group and a formaldehyde control group, 30 eggs in each group. Egg disinfection is carried out in the egg box, the method is the same as 1. One hour after fumigation and disinfection, the sterilization rates on the surface of the eggs were 97.2% and 95.6%; 12 hours after disinfection, the sterilization rates on the surface of the eggs were 99.9% and 100% respectively; 24 hours after disinfection, the sterilization rates on the surface of the eggs reached 100%.

4. Stability study: The stability observation of the veterinary fumigation pharmaceutical composition of the present invention includes determination of autoignition point, thermal stability and storage stability.

It has been determined that the autoignition point of the veterinary fumigation pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is 95°C. It shows that the formula is not prone to spontaneous combustion at room temperature. Then, the temperature of the sample was maintained at 45-51° C. (the temperature of the oil bath was 48±3° C.) in the oil bath, and there was no reaction for 2 hours. There was no reduction in the killing effect on Bacillus cereus spores compared to the unheated control samples. The formula is packaged in briquettes, and after 18 months of storage, there is no visible change in appearance, and the effect of killing Bacillus cereus spores has not declined.

5. Toxicity study: oral LD ₅₀ of rats: 420mg/kg, dermal LD ₅₀ of rabbits: 3160mg/kg, eye irritation test: 100mg/24h, mild reaction, is a low toxicity disinfectant.

in conclusion:

At present, in the fumigation and disinfection of livestock and poultry houses, feed, incubators and breeding eggs, most of them still use traditional formalin and potassium permanganate fumigation and disinfection, which is harmful to the environment, breeding egg embryos and employees. The test results show that the disinfection effect of the veterinary fumigation pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is equivalent to that of formalin and potassium permanganate fumigation and disinfection, and has many advantages. Its development and application prospects are very broad, and it can be popularized and applied in actual production .

From the analysis of drug characteristics and disinfection methods, compared with formaldehyde plus potassium permanganate, the veterinary fumigation and disinfection pharmaceutical composition of the present invention has the advantages of safe transportation, no open flame, sufficient reaction, thick smoke, good diffusion, little toxicity to humans and animals, and low drug residue. Etc.

From the analysis of the disinfection effect of the veterinary fumigation and disinfection pharmaceutical composition of the present invention on the feed, the bacterial content of the feed is significantly reduced after fumigation, which is of great significance for cutting off the transmission route of poultry diseases. For livestock and poultry houses washed with clear water after the empty house, the usual disinfection dosage of the veterinary fumigation and disinfection pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is 3.0 to 6.0 grams per cubic meter of space, and the doors and windows are closed for 24 hours; Half an hour is appropriate.

detailed description

Example 1:

A veterinary fumigating and disinfecting pharmaceutical composition, the formulation of which consists of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, potassium permanganate and hexamethylenetetramine.

The production method is: 9kg of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, 0.25kg of potassium permanganate, and 0.75kg of hexamethylenetetramine. Weigh each component according to the formula dosage, mix them evenly, and divide them into aluminum-plastic film packaging bags. use.

Functional purposes: Chlorine has a high affinity for bacterial cell protoplasm, and it is easy to penetrate into cells, chlorinating the amino group of protoplasmic protein, destroying bacterial cells or changing the permeability of cell membrane, or inhibiting various sulfhydryl enzymes to present bacteria, The powerful killing effect of viruses, fungi, molds, and parasite eggs is a commonly used disinfectant for fumigation and disinfection of animal farms. This product has a wide bactericidal spectrum, and has a strong killing effect on reproductive bacteria, spores, viruses, and fungal spores, especially on various pathogens such as Newcastle disease, avian influenza, bursa of Fabricius, strep throat, and Marek. It is mainly used for fumigation and disinfection of animal chickens, pig pens, feed warehouses, egg warehouses and incubators.

Usage and dosage: averagely use 6.0 grams of this product per cubic meter of space, put it in disposable paper cups or other containers, and distribute it evenly in different parts of the livestock and poultry house. 10ml of hot water is evenly dripped on the surface of the disinfectant and left quickly, sealed for more than 24 hours, and then ventilated, and it can be introduced into livestock and poultry breeding without washing again.

Example 2:

A veterinary fumigating and disinfecting pharmaceutical composition, the formulation of which consists of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, potassium permanganate and hexamethylenetetramine.

The production method is: 9.5g of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, 0.45g of potassium permanganate, and 0.05g of hexamethylenetetramine. Weigh each component according to the formula dosage, mix them evenly, and divide them into aluminum-plastic film packaging bags. For equipment.

Functional purposes: Chlorine has a high affinity for bacterial cell protoplasm, and it is easy to penetrate into cells, chlorinating the amino group of protoplasmic protein, destroying bacterial cells or changing the permeability of cell membrane, or inhibiting various sulfhydryl enzymes to present bacteria, The powerful killing effect of viruses, fungi, molds, and parasite eggs is a commonly used disinfectant for fumigation and disinfection of animal farms. This product has a wide bactericidal spectrum, and has a strong killing effect on reproductive bacteria, spores, viruses, and fungal spores, especially on various pathogens such as Newcastle disease, avian influenza, bursa of Fabricius, strep throat, and Marek. It is mainly used for fumigation and disinfection of animal chickens, pig pens, feed warehouses, egg warehouses and incubators.

Usage and dosage: averagely use 6.0 grams of this product per cubic meter of space, put it in disposable paper cups or other containers, and distribute it evenly in different parts of the livestock and poultry house. 10ml of hot water is evenly dripped on the surface of the disinfectant and left quickly, sealed for more than 24 hours, and then ventilated, and it can be introduced into livestock and poultry breeding without washing again.

Example 3:

A veterinary fumigating and disinfecting pharmaceutical composition, the formulation of which consists of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, potassium permanganate and hexamethylenetetramine.

The production method is: 9.3 tons of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, 0.3 tons of potassium permanganate, and 0.4 tons of hexamethylenetetramine. Weigh each component according to the formula dosage, mix them evenly, and divide them into aluminum-plastic film packaging bags. For equipment.

Functional purposes: Chlorine has a high affinity for bacterial cell protoplasm, and it is easy to penetrate into cells, chlorinating the amino group of protoplasmic protein, destroying bacterial cells or changing the permeability of cell membrane, or inhibiting various sulfhydryl enzymes to present bacteria, The powerful killing effect of viruses, fungi, molds, and parasite eggs is a commonly used disinfectant for fumigation and disinfection of animal farms. This product has a wide bactericidal spectrum, and has a strong killing effect on reproductive bacteria, spores, viruses, and fungal spores, especially on various pathogens such as Newcastle disease, avian influenza, bursa of Fabricius, strep throat, and Marek. It is mainly used for fumigation and disinfection of animal chickens, pig pens, feed warehouses, egg warehouses and incubators.

Usage and dosage: averagely use 6.0 grams of this product per cubic meter of space, put it in disposable paper cups or other containers, and distribute it evenly in different parts of the livestock and poultry house. 10ml of hot water is evenly dripped on the surface of the disinfectant and left quickly, sealed for more than 24 hours, and then ventilated, and it can be introduced into livestock and poultry breeding without washing again.

Basic train of thought of the present invention:

With the continuous expansion of intensive farming scale, people's selection of disinfectants is becoming more and more strict. Environmental protection, safety, convenience, economy and good effect have become the goals of people's choice. Veterinary fumigation pharmaceutical composition is a new type of organochlorine fumigation disinfectant, its main component is sodium dichloroisocyanurate, which is a crystalline powder containing 60% available chlorine. Studies have confirmed that it has a broad bactericidal spectrum and has a strong effect on bacteria, viruses, fungi and bacterial spores. When the available chlorine is 3ppm, more than 99.9% of E. coli can be killed after 30 minutes of action, and all bacterial spores can be killed after 5 to 30 minutes of action. The characteristic of this product is that the lower the pH, the stronger the effect. Therefore, sodium dichloroisocyanurate has been widely used as a product for drinking water disinfection, environmental disinfection, sewage disinfection and tableware disinfection, and its disinfection effect has been documented in a large number of documents. The present invention relates to a veterinary fumigant pharmaceutical composition, aiming at solving the defects of similar traditional fumigants and making up for their deficiencies in production, transportation and use.

The sodium dichloroisocyanurate used in the present invention is a commonly used disinfectant or disinfectant raw material drug. For a long time, in the production practice of animal husbandry, after dissolving sodium dichloroisocyanurate in water according to a certain proportion, it is used for livestock and poultry Spray disinfection of housing or "splash" disinfection of the environment. The smoke disinfection preparation made by mixing sodium dichloroisocyanurate and solid formaldehyde produces a large amount of formaldehyde gas during use, which not only directly pollutes the environment and livestock and poultry products, but also poses a potential threat to human health. The formula of the present invention does not contain formaldehyde, and does not need to be ignited with an open flame, and only warm water at 80°C can react to generate chlorine gas, thereby playing a disinfection role. At the same time, after the reaction is completed, the preparation will condense into a white honeycomb block, which will not cause pollution to the environment.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still The technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some technical features thereof may be equivalently replaced. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a fumigation pharmaceutical composition for animals, is characterized in that, described pharmaceutical composition is made up of following three kinds of components by weight: sodium dichloro cyanurate 9.3 weight portion, potassium permanganate 0.3 weight portion, hexa 0.4 weight portion.

2. a preparation method for fumigation pharmaceutical composition for animals, is characterized in that, is to take each component according to weight proportion according to claim 1, after mixing, with the packing of laminated aluminum film bag.

3. the application of a kind of fumigation pharmaceutical composition for animals according to claim 1 in poultry house sterilization.

4. application according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, that described fumigation pharmaceutical composition for animals is placed in container, evenly divide and be put in each position in poultry house, effective sterilization dose in every cubic metre of space is 6 grams, and add 10 milliliters of hot water in every 100 grams of fumigation pharmaceutical compositions for animals, hot water temperature is 80 DEG C, airtight poultry house more than 24 hours after speeding away, ventilation.