CN103229706B - Organic matrix for culturing tobacco seedlings - Google Patents
Organic matrix for culturing tobacco seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN103229706B CN103229706B CN201310185480.9A CN201310185480A CN103229706B CN 103229706 B CN103229706 B CN 103229706B CN 201310185480 A CN201310185480 A CN 201310185480A CN 103229706 B CN103229706 B CN 103229706B
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- thoroughly decomposed
- vermiculite
- matrine
- rice chaff
- camphortree leaf
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- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 241000723346 Cinnamomum camphora Species 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- ZSBXGIUJOOQZMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isomatrine Natural products C1CCC2CN3C(=O)CCCC3C3C2N1CCC3 ZSBXGIUJOOQZMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- 229930014456 matrine Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N (R)-camphor Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
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- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000195940 Bryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 description 4
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical group O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VQLYBLABXAHUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-fluorophenyl)-methyl-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)silane;methyl n-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)carbamate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1.C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC(F)=CC=1)(C)CN1C=NC=N1 VQLYBLABXAHUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JYYOBHFYCIDXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC(O)=O JYYOBHFYCIDXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011021 lapis lazuli Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y02P60/216—
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an organic matrix for culturing tobacco seedlings. The organic matrix mainly aims at solving the technical problems that the environment is damaged, and weeds and insect pests are easily bred and the like due to the use of turf in existing seedling culturing matrix. According to the key points of the technical scheme, the organic matrix is prepared by mixing and stirring the following materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of decomposed rice chaff, 1-5 parts of camphor leaves, 1-5 parts of matrine, 10-15 parts of puffing perlite, 10-15 parts of vermiculite and 10-15 parts of sepiolite. According to the organic matrix, all the components are prepared by a certain ratio and reasonably sterilized by steam; the cultured seedings are good in water absorption and permeability and capable of preventing insect pests, and have no weeds. The organic matrix can be wildly used for culturing tobacco seedlings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of matrix of nursery, particularly a kind of organic substrate of tobacco seedling.
Background technology
At present, seedling matrix material mainly adopts the peat composed of rotten mosses, fine perlite, vermiculite, wherein " peat composed of rotten mosses " has another name called " peat ", also be called " mud coal ", the abundant nutrition composition of itself, highly beneficial for plant, so " peat " is adopted lawn planting by a large amount of, golf course, football pitch, tennis court, grass place, gardens, meadow, plantation flowers and tobacco etc., it is one of excellent composite fertilizer material, institute is there to be the title of " peat composed of rotten mosses ", but it is non-renewable resources, and many tobacco leaf places of production there is no peat composed of rotten mosses resource, need to come from Mining Transport far away, cause high freight, so be faced with the Double jeopardy that resource-constrained and cost improve.Certainly, the organic waste materials such as the peanut chaff also having now employing to become thoroughly decomposed or discarded bacterium chaff as an alternative thing make the organic substrate of tobacco seedling.
As Nanyang City, Henan Province Binhe east road No. 1968 Henan Tobacco Company Nanyang Branch the people such as Zhao Mingshan invention and in " matrix of floating cultivation of cigarette seedling and preparation method thereof " (number of patent application: 200810230746.6 of application on November 5th, 2008 patent of invention, publication number: CN101401539, publication date: 2009.04.08), it comprises fine perlite and vermiculite, described matrix also comprises the peanut chaff of becoming thoroughly decomposed, the weight ratio of each composition of described Medium Culture for: described in the peanut chaff of becoming thoroughly decomposed account for 60 ~ 90%, described perlite accounts for 4 ~ 19%, described vermiculite accounts for 4 ~ 19%, surplus is impurity, the preferred weight ratio of each composition of described Medium Culture is: described peanut chaff accounts for 80%, and described perlite accounts for 10%, and described vermiculite accounts for 10%.
" the tobacco floating seed rearing culture medium reproduction process " (number of patent application: 200910127552.8 in application on March 14th, 2009 patent of invention put down by shed as No. 263 tobacco companies in west section, Jianshe Road, Pingdingshan City, Henan Province, publication number: CN101531551, publication date: 2009.09.16), it adds microorganism-decomposing agent in discarded bacterium chaff, utilize spontaneous high temperature in digest process to kill edible mushroom mycelium, then spray carbendazim and kill other miscellaneous bacteria; Carry out raw material mixing with bacterium chaff, vermiculite and perlite after sterilizing of becoming thoroughly decomposed according to volume ratio 5:3:2, and stir, namely become tobacco floating seed rearing culture medium; Its culture medium reproduction process mainly adds microorganism-decomposing agent in discarded bacterium chaff, concrete technology is: step 1) bacterium chaff and microorganism-decomposing agent are stirred according to the ratio of weight ratio 5000:1, and regulate the percentage by weight of the water content of bacterium chaff to be 55% ~ 60%, step 2) build bacterium chaff buttress body, punch on bacterium chaff buttress body with wooden stick, step 3) when in bacterium chaff buttress body, temperature reaches more than 60 DEG C, turn over every other day and once pile up neatly, whole fermentation process is 12 ~ 28 days, turns over buttress 6 ~ 12 times.Before bacterium chaff and microorganism-decomposing agent being stirred according to the ratio of weight ratio 5000:1, also carry out removing the old mushroom on bacterium wall surface, dead mushroom and residual body, bacterium wall is also pushed over the process of stirring by bamboo pole and the mesh sheet of dismantling.Carry out raw material mixing with bacterium chaff, vermiculite and the perlite after sterilizing of becoming thoroughly decomposed according to volume ratio 5:3:2 and stir in process, also spray concentration is the carbendazim of 0.1%, namely becomes tobacco floating seed rearing culture medium and pack to be in store for after heap seals 24 hours after stirring.The concentration that the carbendazim of other miscellaneous bacteria killed by sprinkling carbendazim is 0.1%.
Said method is all only to provide certain matrix fertilizer, can not carry out disinfection to matrix, more can not carry out damage by disease and insect to nursery and prevent and treat.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of practicality, good environmental protection, cheap and have sterilization and to weeds damage by disease and insect prevent and treat the organic substrate of tobacco seedling.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: described matrix comprises fine perlite, vermiculite and rice chaff of becoming thoroughly decomposed, it is formulated by the raw material of following weight portion, become thoroughly decomposed rice chaff 60-70, camphortree leaf 1-5, matrine 1-5, fine perlite 10-15, vermiculite 10-15, sepiolite 10-15.
The preferred weight ratio of each component of matrix of the present invention for: described in become thoroughly decomposed rice chaff 60, camphortree leaf 1, matrine 3, fine perlite 15, vermiculite 15, sepiolite 10.
The preferred weight ratio of each component of matrix of the present invention for: described in become thoroughly decomposed rice chaff 60, camphortree leaf 3, matrine 5, fine perlite 15, vermiculite 10, sepiolite 15.
The preferred weight ratio of each component of matrix of the present invention for: described in become thoroughly decomposed rice chaff 65, camphortree leaf 3, matrine 2, fine perlite 15, vermiculite 10, sepiolite 10.
The preferred weight ratio of each component of matrix of the present invention for: described in become thoroughly decomposed rice chaff 70, camphortree leaf 5, matrine 5, fine perlite 10, vermiculite 10, sepiolite 10.
Rice chaff of becoming thoroughly decomposed of the present invention mainly adopts steam sterilization.Described camphortree leaf is the camphortree leaf that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and is to form through high temperature or normal temperature fermentation under sealing or airtight environment.
The present invention also can add the copper sulphate that weight is 0.2-0.8 in above-mentioned each component.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: raw material rice chaff can be gathered materials on the spot, and output is huge, reduce cost to a great extent, and the rice chaff of becoming thoroughly decomposed used reasonably uses high-temperature steam sterilization nursery without weeds phenomenon, rice chaff of becoming thoroughly decomposed and fine perlite, vermiculite is prepared by a certain percentage, both the water imbibition of rice chaff had been enhanced, permeability, solve again Lou chaff phenomenon, insect disinfestation component is also mostly adopt biomass material, substantially be refuse reclamation, both environmental protection was beneficial to, also secondary pollution can not be caused, also reduce the generation of a large amount of rubbish, there is good economy and social value.The matrix that it can be widely used in tobacco seedling is produced.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the explanation of work one step is entered to the present invention.
Embodiment 1, matrix of the present invention comprises fine perlite, vermiculite and rice chaff of becoming thoroughly decomposed, and it is formulated by the raw material of following weight portion, and become thoroughly decomposed rice chaff 60-70, camphortree leaf 1-5, matrine 1-5, fine perlite 10-15, vermiculite 10-15, sepiolite 10-15.Rice chaff aboundresources, cheap, preserve moisture and fertility ability is strong, is the very good material of matrix, and the air capacity of soils of fine perlite and vermiculite amplified medium and moisture holding capacity, make medium fluffy, sepiolite light weight, thermal diffusivity is good, and stone matter is fine and smooth soft; Wherein, camphortree leaf and matrine pure natural have the effect of sterilization and desinsection.So, the present invention's not only practicality, good environmental protection, cheap, and there is sterilization and damage by disease and insect carries out prophylactic-therapeutic effect, it can be widely used in the matrix production of tobacco seedling.Wherein, vermiculite is a kind of natural, nontoxic mineral matter, dilatable mineral under high temperature action.It is a kind of more rare mineral, belongs to silicate.Its crystal structure is monoclinic system, and profile, it looks as mica.Vermiculite produces when being certain granite hydration.Its general and asbestos produces simultaneously.Because vermiculite has the ability of ion exchange, it has great effect to the nutrition of soil.
Perlite is a kind of acidic lava of volcanic eruption, through the glassy rock of quick refrigeration, gains the name because it has pearl fissured structure.Perlite ore deposit comprises perlite, obsidian and pitchstone.The difference of three is that perlite has the arc-shaped crack because condensation is formed, and claims perlitic structure, water content 2 ~ 6%; Pitchstone has unique resinous luster, water content 6 ~ 10%; Obsidian has glassy lustre and conchoidal fracture, and water content is generally less than 2%.
Camphortree leaf is a kind of plant leaf with certain medical value, particularly has removing toxic substances and disinsection efficiency.This plant is drawn materials conveniently, and resource is very abundant, particularly Shelter in South China Cities and rural area, camphor tree is very many as the seeds plantation of beautifying the environment, its winter does not fall leaf, and during to the Qing Ming Day, camphortree leaf just fluttering has fallen a ground voluminously, inconvenience is brought to city sanitation and hygiene and process, turning into " spring mud " by fully becoming thoroughly decomposed, both can be used as fertilizer, also can be used as matrix biopolymers agricultural chemicals, prove by experiment, the camphortree leaf that becomes thoroughly decomposed has sterilization and insecticidal effect.Method of becoming thoroughly decomposed comprises: fluff packing method, compact reactor area method and loose tight cross stacking method.
Matrine is a kind of botanical pesticide, has the feature of specificity, natural sex, and only to specific biological generation effect, can decompose rapidly in the Nature, end product is carbonic acid gas and water.And to the activated plant endogenous chemical substance of pest tool, composition is not single, but the combination of many group not close with chemical constitution of close many groups of chemical results is complemented each other, and jointly plays a role.Because matrine is the acting in conjunction of number of chemical material, it is made not easily to cause nuisance to develop immunity to drugs, can Long-Time Service.Can not directly kill completely corresponding insect, but Control pests biotic population quantity can not badly influence production and the procreation of this plant population.The principle that in this mechanism and the Synthetical control system that draws through decades of research after chemical pesticide protection side effect highlights, pest controls is very approximate.
In sum, the present invention's not only practicality, good environmental protection, cheap, and there is sterilization and damage by disease and insect carries out prophylactic-therapeutic effect, it can be widely used in the matrix production of tobacco seedling.
Embodiment 2, the preferred weight ratio of each component of matrix of the present invention for: described in become thoroughly decomposed rice chaff 60, camphortree leaf 1, matrine 3, fine perlite 15, vermiculite 15, sepiolite 10.All the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3, the preferred weight ratio of each component of matrix of the present invention also can be: described in become thoroughly decomposed rice chaff 60, camphortree leaf 3, matrine 5, fine perlite 15, vermiculite 10, sepiolite 15.All the other same above-described embodiments.
Embodiment 4, the preferred weight ratio of each component of matrix of the present invention also can be: described in become thoroughly decomposed rice chaff 65, camphortree leaf 3, matrine 2, fine perlite 15, vermiculite 10, sepiolite 10.All the other same above-described embodiments.
Embodiment 5, the preferred weight ratio of each component of matrix of the present invention also can be: described in become thoroughly decomposed rice chaff 70, camphortree leaf 5, matrine 5, fine perlite 10, vermiculite 10, sepiolite 10.All the other same above-described embodiments.
Embodiment 6, the rice chaff that the present invention is become thoroughly decomposed adopts steam sterilization, and prevention matrix carries disease and weeds.All the other same above-described embodiments.
Embodiment 7, described camphortree leaf is the camphortree leaf that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and is to form through high temperature or normal temperature fermentation under sealing or airtight environment.
Embodiment 8, the present invention also can add the copper sulphate that weight is 0.2-0.8 in each component of above-described embodiment 1,2,3,4 or 5, and it is a kind of good bactericide, is mainly used for preventing and treating the disease of various crop at this.Also can adopt cupric sulfate pentahydrate, also be referred to as copper sulfate crystal, the effects such as be commonly called as blue vitriol, blue stone or lapis divinus, it has corruption of dispelling, removing toxic substances, in this scheme, mainly adopt effect of its desinsection.
Claims (6)
1. the organic substrate of a tobacco seedling, it is characterized in that described matrix comprises fine perlite, vermiculite and rice chaff of becoming thoroughly decomposed, it is formulated by the raw material of following weight portion, become thoroughly decomposed rice chaff 60-70, camphortree leaf 1-5, matrine 1-5, fine perlite 10-15, vermiculite 10-15, sepiolite 10-15, copper sulphate 0.2-0.8; Camphortree leaf is the camphortree leaf that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and is to form through high temperature or normal temperature fermentation under sealing or airtight environment, thus realizes refuse reclamation, is both beneficial to environmental protection, and also can not causes secondary pollution, and also reduced the generation of a large amount of rubbish; Get the pure natural sterilization of camphortree leaf and matrine and effect of desinsection; The copper sulphate added, gets effect that it prevents and treats the disease of various crop.
2. the organic substrate of tobacco seedling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the weight ratio of each component of described matrix for: described in become thoroughly decomposed rice chaff 60, camphortree leaf 1, matrine 3, fine perlite 15, vermiculite 15, sepiolite 10.
3. the organic substrate of tobacco seedling according to claim 1, the weight ratio that it is characterized in that each component of described matrix also can be for: described in become thoroughly decomposed rice chaff 60, camphortree leaf 3, matrine 5, fine perlite 15, vermiculite 10, sepiolite 15.
4. the organic substrate of tobacco seedling according to claim 1, the weight ratio that it is characterized in that each component of described matrix also can be for: described in become thoroughly decomposed rice chaff 65, camphortree leaf 3, matrine 2, fine perlite 15, vermiculite 10, sepiolite 10.
5. the organic substrate of tobacco seedling according to claim 1, the weight ratio that it is characterized in that each component of described matrix also can be for: described in become thoroughly decomposed rice chaff 70, camphortree leaf 5, matrine 5, fine perlite 10, vermiculite 10, sepiolite 10.
6. the organic substrate of tobacco seedling according to claim 1, is characterized in that the rice chaff of becoming thoroughly decomposed adopts steam sterilization.
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CN109279993B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2024-01-09 | 井冈山大学 | Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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CN111758528B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2022-07-12 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of nursery substrate and its preparation method and use |
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CN101715714A (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2010-06-02 | 东北师范大学 | Moisture-preserving nutritious soil for growing herbaceous flower seedlings and preparation method thereof |
CN101919418A (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-22 | 杨军 | Method for converting wastes through biotechnology for controlling diseases and insect pests of wide bighead atractylodes rhizome growing in Tianmu Mountain |
CN102630478A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-08-15 | 云南省烟草公司保山市公司 | Organic tobacco field planting and field managing method |
CN102754590A (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2012-10-31 | 河南农业大学 | Tobacco floating growing substrate and preparation method thereof |
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2013
- 2013-05-20 CN CN201310185480.9A patent/CN103229706B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101919418A (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-22 | 杨军 | Method for converting wastes through biotechnology for controlling diseases and insect pests of wide bighead atractylodes rhizome growing in Tianmu Mountain |
CN101715714A (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2010-06-02 | 东北师范大学 | Moisture-preserving nutritious soil for growing herbaceous flower seedlings and preparation method thereof |
CN102630478A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-08-15 | 云南省烟草公司保山市公司 | Organic tobacco field planting and field managing method |
CN102754590A (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2012-10-31 | 河南农业大学 | Tobacco floating growing substrate and preparation method thereof |
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