CN103109795A - Preservation method for butterfly orchid cut-flower - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fresh-keeping method for Phalaenopsis cut flowers. The Phalaenopsis red dragon variety is used as a material to study the physiological effects of different pretreatment liquid concentration treatments and fresh-keeping liquid combinations on the lifespan of Phalaenopsis fresh-cut flowers in vases. The results showed that the Phalaenopsis cut flower lifespan and flower branch fresh weight index were significantly improved after being pretreated with silver thiosulfate (STS) and then placed in the preservative solution. (2% sucrose + 200mg/L8-HQS + 25mg/L silver nitrate) is the best formula. This preservative solution is beneficial to prolong the life of Phalaenopsis cut vases, delay the reduction of fresh weight and SOD activity, and slow down the proline content Under these conditions, the vase life of Phalaenopsis can be delayed up to 26.75 days.

Description

A fresh-keeping method for Phalaenopsis cut flowers

technical field

The present invention relates to a fresh-keeping method, especially a fresh-keeping method for Phalaenopsis cut flowers. the

Background technique

Phalaenopsis, also known as Phalaenopsis, is a perennial herb of the Orchidaceae Phalaenopsis. The origin is in tropical Asia such as Assam, Myanmar, the Philippines, and Taiwan. Its flowers have long pedicels and well-arranged inflorescences, and each arrow can have up to more than 20 flowers. The flowers are large and thick, and the diameter of the flowers can reach up to 15 cm. The color is bright and the flowering period is long. It is favored by consumers and is known as "Queen orchid" is one of the most ornamental high-end cut flowers in the Phalaenopsis genus of Orchidaceae. With the growing prosperity of the Phalaenopsis cut flower supply market, some people began to try to use Phalaenopsis as a flower arrangement material. After the cut flowers are separated from the parent body, due to the lack of normal root system as the active water absorption power, and accompanied by a series of internal and external adversities, such as water loss, microorganisms, etc. The vascular tissue blockage, ethylene production, abscisic acid production, etc. caused by fresh-cut flowers will directly lead to bud drop, leaf fall, flower aging and leaf yellowing of fresh cut flowers, thereby reducing shelf life and ornamental life. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to improve the quality and commercial value of Phalaenopsis cut flowers by adopting cut flower preservation liquid, and to prolong its vase life at room temperature. But there are few reports about the research on the preservation of Phalaenopsis cut flowers at present. the

Contents of the invention

The present invention studies the effect of the fresh-keeping solution on the vase life of Phalaenopsis cut flowers, the rate of change in fresh weight of cut flowers, and the physiological index changes of Phalaenopsis under the fresh-keeping conditions, etc. , to screen out the best preservative formula, which is conducive to improving the ornamental value of Phalaenopsis, and aims to provide a reference for the postharvest treatment and normal temperature storage and transportation of Phalaenopsis cut flowers. the

A fresh-keeping method for Phalaenopsis cut flowers, the method comprising the following steps: (a) inserting Phalaenopsis cut flowers into a pretreatment liquid; (b) moving the pretreated cut flowers into the fresh-keeping liquid. Before inserting the Phalaenopsis cut flowers into the pretreatment solution, cut the Phalaenopsis orchids. Described shearing method is that the sterilized scissors is cut branch stem bottom 1cm otch in water, and otch is inclined 45 °. The treatment liquid is formed by mixing and diluting Na ₂ S ₂ O ₃ ·5H ₂ O and AgNO ₃ , and the mass ratio of the two components is 100:17. The concentration of the treatment liquid is from 0.25mmol/L to 2.5mmol/L. The concentration of the treatment solution is preferably 2.0mmol/L, and the Phalaenopsis cut flowers are inserted into the pretreatment solution and soaked for 1.5 hours. The preservation solution is diluted by mixing sucrose, AgNO ₃ , and 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate, and the diluted concentrations of the three components are 2%, 25mg/L, and 200mg/L, respectively.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: after being pretreated with silver thiosulfate (STS) and then placed in the preservative solution, the lifespan of cut Phalaenopsis and the fresh weight of flower branches have been significantly improved, and the STS concentration is 2.0mmol/L for pretreatment. 1.5h + preservative solution (2% sucrose + 200 mg/L 8-HQS + 25 mg/L silver nitrate) is the best formula. This preservative solution is beneficial to prolong the life of Phalaenopsis cut vases and delay the reduction of fresh weight and SOD activity Speed, slow down the increase of proline content, under this condition, the vase life of Phalaenopsis can be delayed up to 26.75 days. the

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a graph showing the influence of pretreatment solution concentration on the coefficient of change in fresh weight of Phalaenopsis cut flowers. the

Figure 2 is a diagram showing the influence of S5 pretreatment solution + preservative solution on the SOD activity of Phalaenopsis cut flowers. the

Figure 3 is a graph showing the influence of S5 pretreatment solution + preservative solution on the change of proline content in Phalaenopsis cut flowers. the

Detailed ways

The present invention studies the effect of the fresh-keeping solution on the vase life of Phalaenopsis cut flowers, the rate of change in fresh weight of cut flowers, and the physiological index changes of Phalaenopsis under the fresh-keeping conditions, etc. , to screen out the best preservative formula. the

1. Experimental materials

The Phalaenopsis species tested in this experiment is (Dtps.Ben Yu Star "Red Dragon", Red Dragon), a large red flower type, and it comes from the Phalaenopsis Domestication Center of Dapu New Rural Agriculture Department, Wuhu, Anhui Province. Select a group of Phalaenopsis orchids with good freshness, strong flower branches, and uniform growth without pests and diseases as cut flower materials, with a length of about 55 cm. Basic ingredients of preservatives: silver nitrate, sodium thiosulfate, STS (silver thiosulfate), sucrose, 8-HQS (8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate), all of analytical grade, purchased from Shanghai Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. .

2. Material handling

Choose the test material of Phalaenopsis, and number, altogether 100 numbers, the Phalaenopsis flower branch base after plucking is immersed in water, cut the stem bottom 1cm incision from water with sterilized scissors before vase insertion and incline 45 °, so that increase The contact area between the pedicel and the solution is large, so that the vessels in the pedicel can fully absorb the nutrients in the solution. In the cutting process, the action is fast and accurate to avoid damage to the flower branches. The length of the cut flower branch is about 50cm, and it is inserted into the prepared pretreatment solution immediately after cutting.

Three, the method is as follows:

Step 1: Prepare the pretreatment solution.

The present invention designs 6 kinds of pretreatment solution (STS) S1~S6 with concentration ratios, and the concentrations are respectively prepared in gradients of 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5mmol/L, as shown in Table 1. the

Table 1 Preparation of STS pretreatment solution with six concentration ratios STS concentration Weigh the mass of AgNO ₃ Weigh the mass of Na ₂ S ₂ O ₃ ·5H ₂ O S1 (0.25mmol/L) 0.17g 1.0g S2 (0.5mmol/L) 0.34g 2.0g S3 (1.0mmol/L) 0.68g 4.0g S4 (1.5mmol/L) 1.02g 6.0g S5 (2.0mmol/L) 1.36g 8.0g S6 (2.5mmol/L) 1.70g 1.0g

Step 2: Put the fresh cut flowers in 6 kinds of STS solutions respectively to carry out the pretreatment test.

Fresh cut flowers were placed in 6 kinds of STS liquids respectively to carry out the pretreatment test, and the numbered Phalaenopsis cut flowers that were about to be weighed were immediately put into corresponding wide-mouth reagent bottles that 500ml of STS liquid was housed, and the time was recorded. 5 Phalaenopsis cut flowers were collected for processing (5 branches in each group, repeated 3 times), the flower branches were inserted to a depth of about 5cm, and the mouth of the bottle was sealed with plastic wrap. A total of 100 fresh cut flowers. Different concentrations of STS solution were pretreated for 1.5h to screen out the optimal concentration ratio of STS solution. the

The greenhouse is kept in an environment where the finished Phalaenopsis orchids are maintained, the temperature is 23°C~29°C, the humidity is 50%~85%, the light does not exceed 15000lux, and there is good ventilation every day. the

Step 3: Prepare fresh-keeping solution. the

The components of cut flower preservation solution are shown in Table 3. the

The preparation of table 2 preservative solution Drug Name Final concentration Sucrose (SUG) 2% AgNO ₃ 25mg/L 8-Hydroxyquinoline Sulfate (8-HQS) 200mg/L

Step 4: the pretreated Phalaenopsis cut flowers are treated with preservative solution and distilled water.

After the Phalaenopsis cut flowers were pretreated, the cut flowers were moved into the corresponding 500ml preservative solution, and the CK control in the pretreatment was divided into two groups, CK1 was still in the air without any treatment as the control, CK2 was placed in distilled water for Contrast, carry out preservation comparison. the

Step 5: Determine the coefficient of variation of fresh weight of cut flowers. the

Set the fresh weight on the day of vase insertion as 1, weigh the fresh weight of the cut flower branches every day with a balance, and take the average value (accurate to two decimal places), and then compare the fresh weight of the flower branches measured every 7 days with the initial fresh weight, That is, the fresh weight variation coefficient = the fresh weight measured on the day/the fresh weight at the initial bottle insertion. the

Step 6: Observe and record the effect of the STS solution on the withering time of the first cut Phalaenopsis flower. the

Observe and record the morphological changes of cut flowers every day. The end of life is based on the loss of ornamental value such as severe dehydration and wilting of petals. It is counted as the withering time (days) of the first flower and expressed as the average vase insertion time of 5 flowers. the

Step 7: Determining the change value of SOD activity and proline content of cut flowers. the

The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was determined by NBT reduction method, and the content of proline was determined by sulfosalicylic acid method. the

4. Analysis and conclusion

1. The fresh-keeping effects of different STS liquid + fresh-keeping liquid treatments on Phalaenopsis fresh-cut flowers are shown in the table below

Table 3 Effect of pretreatment time on the fresh weight of Phalaenopsis cut vases

After the cut flowers are separated from the mother plant, the fresh weight of the cut flowers will decrease due to the synthesis and consumption of nutrients such as sugar and protein and the imbalance of water metabolism. Therefore, in the index detection of cut flower preservation test, the reduction of fresh weight is a significant feature of senescence of cut flower in vase. It can be seen from Table 3 that the fresh weight of the pretreated Phalaenopsis cut flowers during vase insertion is better than that of the control CK1 and CK2 treatments. This indicated that pretreatment of fresh-cut flowers for a certain period of time could significantly prolong the vase life of Phalaenopsis.

It can be seen from Figure 1 that from the 3rd day of vase insertion, the fresh weight of CK1 treatment showed a gradual decline trend, while the fresh weight of Phalaenopsis cut flowers in the 6 treatment groups of STS all increased significantly, and the fresh weight variation coefficient of CK1 decreased rapidly at 3 days 0.90, while the treatment group and CK2 were higher than the initial fresh weight and reached the highest peak in the first 3 days of the vase test, CK2 (distilled water treatment) had the smallest increase, S5 (2.0mmol/L) treatment had the largest increase, cut flowers The fresh weight coefficient of variation reaches the highest value of 1.26, which means that there is still synthesis and accumulation of substances in the bottle for three days. After the peak period of increase, with the prolongation of the vase time, the fresh weight of each treatment showed a downward trend. The coefficient of change of the fresh weight of CK2 dropped to 0.93 at 10 days, while the fresh weight of the cut flowers of the treatment group S1 and S2 began to decrease at 24 days The initial fresh weight decreased to 0.90 and 0.95 respectively, which indicated that the water retention of cut flowers was gradually decreasing during vase insertion. However, S3-S6 significantly delayed dehydration and aging, and the fresh weight began to be lower than the initial fresh weight after 7 days. At 49 days, the fresh weight variation coefficients of CK1 and CK2 had dropped to 0.19 and 0.29, basically losing their ornamental value. The fresh weight of the treatment group was delayed by more than 20 days compared with the control group, and the fresh weight was lower than the initial fresh weight, and the difference reached a significant level (P<0.05). the

Among them, the trend of the change coefficient of fresh weight of different pretreatment solutions is similar, and the treatment with S5 (2.0mmol/L) concentration has the best effect on maintaining the fresh weight of Phalaenopsis cut flowers. Only 24%. Judging from the increase in fresh weight, the treatments S5>S4>S6>S3>S2>S1>CK2>CK1. the

This effectively shows that the pretreated test group plays a certain role in promoting the water absorption of cut flowers and preventing water loss, thereby maintaining the freshness of petals, delaying senility, and is conducive to prolonging the life of flower branches and vases. Delay the blooming time of cut flowers. the

2. Effects of different concentrations of STS solution on the withering time of the first flower of Phalaenopsis cut flowers

Table 4 Withering time of the first flower of the six pretreatment solutions and the control (days) pretreatment solution Withering average time (days) Difference from CK1 (days) Difference from CK2 (days) S1 25.75 15.75 8.75 S2 25.75 15.75 8.75 S3 29.25 19.25 12.25 S4 34.00 twenty four 17 S5 36.75 26.75 19.75 S6 30.75 20.75 13.75 CK1 10 0 -7 CK2 17 7 0

Table 5 The t-test of the withering time of the first flower of the six pretreatments and the control

Note: ﹡﹡ in the table means that the difference between the treatment group and the control group is extremely significant at the 0.01 level

Tables 4 and 5 show that after the cut flowers leave the parent body, due to the consumption of organic matter by respiration and the imbalance of water metabolism, it will not only lead to a decrease in the fresh weight of the flowers, but also promote the senescence and withering of the cut flowers. At room temperature of 25°C, pretreatment can prolong the withering time of the first flower. Compared with the control CK1, the withering time can be delayed by 15.75 days to 26.75 days, and compared with CK2, the withered time can be delayed by 8.75 days to 19.75 days , the difference between each treatment and the control reached a significant level (P<0.01). Among them, the concentration of pretreatment solution S5 was 2.0mmol/L, and the preservation effect was the best when the treatment time was 1.5h, and the average delay could reach 26.75 days.

It can be known from Table 4 that the ornamental lifespan of Phalaenopsis cut flowers after pretreatment + fresh-keeping treatment can be extended by more than 20 days compared with control CK1, and the difference reaches a very significant level. the

3 Effect of optimal concentration of pretreatment solution + preservative solution on SOD activity of Phalaenopsis cut flowers

It can be seen from Figure 2 that during the process of cutting Phalaenopsis vases, the SOD values of the optimal concentration S5 treatment group and CK2 both showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, but the range of change was not the same. However, the SOD value of CK1 dropped sharply. The SOD activity of CK2 increased slightly, and then decreased after reaching the highest level on the 3rd day, while the S5 treatment reached the highest level on the 10th day, which kept the superoxide dismutase in cut flowers at a high level, which was beneficial to the removal of superoxide Anionic free radicals. During the whole vase insertion period, the SOD activity of S5 treatment was always higher than that of CK2 and CK1, and the difference reached a significant level (P<0.05). The SOD activity of treatment group S5 decreased the slowest in the later stage, indicating that the Ag ⁺ in the fresh-keeping solution had a good fresh-keeping effect.

SOD plays a role in scavenging active oxygen and protecting cell membranes in plants, and its activity is related to plant disease resistance, stress resistance, and anti-aging ^[7] . The experimental data of this study showed that the Phalaenopsis pretreatment solution + preservative solution ingredients can increase the SOD activity and increase the ability of cut flower Phalaenopsis to scavenge free radicals, which is consistent with the fact that the fresh-keeping ingredients can significantly prolong the vase life of cut flowers.

4 The effect of optimal concentration pretreatment solution + fresh-keeping solution on the change of proline content

It can be seen from Figure 3 that the change trend of proline content in cut flowers treated with S5 and distilled water compared with CK1 and CK2 is roughly the same, and there is a short-term decrease in the initial stage of vase. Rapidly increased; but the proline content of S5 treatment was lower than that of the control, and the rising trend was relatively flat. Then the gap gradually increased. After the 24th day, compared with CK2 and CK1 in the same period, the free proline content of S5 was 4000 and 5000ug/g lower, and the difference reached a significant level (P<0.05), indicating that the treatment of fresh-keeping solution reduced the The content of free proline in cut flowers can effectively delay and reduce the degree of water stress.

Proline is an effective substance in cytoplasmic osmotic adjustment, which can maintain the osmotic balance between the cell protoplasm and the environment under adversity stress to prevent water loss; and can also enhance protein hydration to maintain the integrity of the membrane structure . Almost all abiotic stresses, especially water stress, will cause the accumulation of proline in plants ^[ . Therefore, the proline content can directly reflect the degree of water stress suffered by plants. In this experiment, the proline content of Phalaenopsis cut flowers treated with preservative solution was lower than that of the control, indicating that the degree of water stress was lighter than that of the control.

In the present invention, the pretreatment liquid STS (silver thiosulfate complex) solution is currently the most widely used ethylene inhibitor in the preservation of cut flowers. It contains active silver, which has better mobility in cut flowers, and its transport function is 70 times higher than that of Ag+. It can reach the top of the corolla and has a bactericidal effect. The impact of ethylene production in cut flowers; then the sucrose in the preservation solution provides carbon and energy sources, AgNO ₃ inhibits ethylene production, and 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfuric acid maintains water and kills bacteria, thereby reducing the blockage of cut flower ducts. In short, pretreatment Liquid + fresh-keeping liquid components had obvious protective effects on water absorption and balance maintenance of Phalaenopsis cut flowers, and reduced adversity stress, thus prolonging the vase life of its fresh cut flowers.

The present invention compares the research of different pretreatment liquid STS concentration+preserving liquid on Phalaenopsis cut flowers in terms of fresh weight change rate, first flower withering time, physiological effects, etc., to treat butterfly with S5 concentration of 2.0mmol/L+preserving liquid Orchid vase life is the best, the treatment of S5 can significantly prolong the withering time of the first flower, the change rate of fresh weight is the smallest, and it can delay the decrease of SOD activity and the increase of proline content. Keep fresh. the

Claims (7)

1. preservation method to the Moth orchid cut-flower, the method comprises the following steps:

(a) the Moth orchid cut-flower is inserted in pretreatment fluid;

(b) be moved in fresh-keeping liquid through pretreated cut-flower.

2. preservation method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: before the Moth orchid cut-flower is inserted into pretreatment fluid, first the Hu Moth orchid is sheared.

3. preservation method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described cutting method is for cutting sterile scissors cane bottom 1cm otch from water, otch tilts 45 °.

4. as the pretreatment fluid in claim 1 preservation method, it is characterized in that: this treatment fluid is by Na ₂S ₂O ₃5H ₂O and AgNO ₃After mixing, dilution forms, the mass ratio 100:17's of two kinds of compositions.

5. as the pretreatment fluid in claim 4 preservation method, it is characterized in that: the concentration of this treatment fluid is from 0.25mmol/L to 2.5mmol/L.

6. as the pretreatment fluid in claim 4 preservation method, it is characterized in that: the concentration of this treatment fluid is preferably 2.0mmol/L and the Moth orchid cut-flower is inserted into pretreatment fluid immersion 1.5 hours.

7. as the fresh-keeping liquid in claim 1 preservation method, it is characterized in that: this fresh-keeping liquid is by sucrose, AgNO _3,Concentration after dilution after oxine sulphate mixes, three kinds of compositions dilutions is respectively 2%, 25mg/L, 200mg/L.

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