CN102520368A - Experimental method for rapid start-up of fuel cell stack in sub-zero environment - Google Patents

Abstract

An experimental method for quick start of a fuel cell stack in an environment below zero comprises the fuel cell stack, a fuel cell test platform, a low-temperature test box, a circulating water pump and a cooling liquid circulating water tank, wherein the fuel cell stack is respectively connected with the fuel cell test platform, the circulating water pump and the cooling liquid circulating water tank, the load of the fuel cell test platform is an electronic load, and the fuel cell stack, the circulating water pump and the cooling liquid circulating water tank are arranged in the low-temperature test box. The experimental method comprises the steps of starting, loading and discharging under the condition of not performing cooling circulation, and starting the circulating water pump to finish starting after the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack or the temperature of the air tail reaches a specified temperature value. The invention has the advantages that: the method is simple, the starting speed is high, and auxiliary energy is not consumed; the starting is safe, and an experimental method is provided for the rapid starting and the normal operation of the fuel cell stack in the cold winter environment, so that the development of the industrialization of the fuel cell for vehicles is promoted.

Description

Experimental method for rapid start-up of fuel cell stack in sub-zero environment

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular relates to a low-temperature start-up technology for a fuel cell stack and a module in a subzero environment.

Background technique

The operating environment of automotive fuel cells includes both cold winter environments and hot summer environments, so automotive fuel cells must have strong environmental adaptability, especially to be able to start and operate normally in cold winters. In the prior art, the low-temperature start-up of the vehicle-mounted fuel cell mainly uses heat preservation or other auxiliary measures to ensure the low-temperature start-up of the fuel cell. For example, US5175975 and US6815103 adopt the method of thermal insulation for the entire fuel cell system to ensure that the fuel cell starts and operates in a low temperature environment; US6777115 adopts a method of providing hot air to increase the temperature of the MEA and other components, and then start it in a low temperature environment. The disadvantage of the prior art is that most of the methods require the use of auxiliary facilities and increase the consumption of auxiliary power consumption, thus affecting the mobile performance and increasing the additional cost of the fuel cell system.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of long start-up time at low temperature of the fuel cell stack in the prior art, or even failure to start at low temperature, and to design an experimental method for rapid start-up of the fuel cell stack in a sub-zero environment without additional auxiliary energy. .

In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:

Experimental method for rapid start-up of fuel cell stacks in subzero environments. The experimental devices include fuel cell stacks, fuel cell test platforms, cooling circulating water pumps, coolant circulating water tanks, and low-temperature test chambers. Fuel cell stacks are connected with fuel cell test platforms, The cooling circulating water pump is connected to the cooling liquid circulating water tank, the load of the fuel cell test platform is an electronic load, and the fuel cell stack, the cooling circulating water pump and the cooling liquid circulating water tank are placed in the low temperature test chamber, and the method is characterized in that the method is not carried out Under the condition of the cooling cycle, the fuel cell stack is started to load and discharge, and when the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack reaches a specified temperature value, the cooling circulating water pump is turned on. The method includes the following steps:

1) Keep the stability of the low temperature test chamber at 0°C to -20°C, and feed the reaction gas into the air chamber and hydrogen chamber of the fuel cell stack for loading and discharging to start the fuel cell stack;

2) Load and discharge the fuel cell stack with the electronic load of the fuel cell test platform according to the set loading slope;

3) Test the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack, and turn on the cooling circulating water pump when the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack reaches 10°C to 40°C;

4) The fuel cell stack circulating water inlet temperature reaches above 0°C, and the start-up is completed.

The experimental method for rapid start-up of a fuel cell stack in a sub-zero environment according to the present invention is characterized in that the set loading slope is 1A-8A/s, preferably 2-4A/s.

The present invention has the following advantages:

The method is simple, the starting speed is fast, and no auxiliary energy is consumed. The invention carries out loading and discharging without starting the circulating water pump, utilizes the heat generated by the electric stack to increase the temperature of the electric stack, uses the internal temperature of the electric stack to control when to start the cooling circulating water pump, and performs cooling liquid circulation, thereby ensuring that the electric stack is in the absence of Under the cooling liquid circulation, the internal temperature of the stack will not appear to be overheated, ensuring the safety of starting. The invention provides an experimental method for the rapid start and normal operation of the fuel cell stack in the cold winter environment, thereby promoting the industrialization of automotive fuel cells. develop.

Description of drawings

The present invention has 3 accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is the low-temperature start-up process of the fuel cell stack

Figure 2 is the change of the average performance of the stack and the minimum node performance during the start-up process of the stack

Figure 3 shows the temperature change inside the stack during the start-up process of the fuel cell stack

In the figure: 1. Fuel cell stack 2. Low temperature test box 3. Fuel cell test platform 4. Cooling circulating water pump 5. Cooling circulating water tank

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.

Take a 15-cell fuel cell stack as an example to illustrate the experiment. The experimental device includes a fuel cell stack 1, a fuel cell test platform 3, a low temperature test chamber 2, a cooling circulating water pump 4 and a cooling circulating water tank 5, and the fuel cell stack is connected with the fuel cell testing platform 3, cooling circulating water pump 4 and cooling circulating water tank respectively. 5 are connected, the load of the fuel cell test platform 3 is an electronic load, and the fuel cell stack 1, the cooling circulating water pump 4 and the cooling circulating water tank 5 are placed in the low temperature test chamber 2.

The experimental method is as follows:

1. Purge and remove water before putting the 15 fuel cell stacks into the low temperature test box;

2. Put the purged fuel cell stack 1, cooling circulating water pump 4 and cooling circulating water tank 5 into the low-temperature test chamber 2, and connect the fuel cell stack 1 and the fuel cell test platform 3 to load and react gas in and out The connection of the pipelines is to connect the fuel cell stack 1 to the circulating water pump 4 and the cooling liquid circulating water tank 5 (the circulating water pump is not started), and the above equipment is kept in a low-temperature box at -10°C for more than 12 hours.

3. Carry out the start-up experiment at low temperature, and feed 80L/min and 20L/min reaction gas into the air chamber and hydrogen chamber of the fuel cell stack 1;

4. Use the electronic load of the fuel cell test platform 3 to load and discharge the fuel cell stack 1 according to the loading slope of 3A/s, and perform constant current operation after loading to 93A;

5. Detect the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack 1, and connect the cooling circulating water pump 4 and the cooling circulating water tank 5 when the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 reaches 20°C;

6. The temperature of the circulating water inlet of the fuel cell stack 1 reaches above 0°C, and the start-up is completed.

Claims (2)

1. the experimental technique that starts fast of fuel cell pile subzero environment; Experimental provision comprises fuel cell pile (1), fuel battery test platform (3), cool cycles water pump (4), cool cycles water tank (5) and low-temperature test chamber (2); Fuel cell pile links to each other with fuel battery test platform (3), cool cycles water pump (4) and cool cycles water tank (5) respectively; The load of fuel battery test platform (3) is an electronic load,, fuel cell pile (1), cool cycles water pump (4) and cool cycles water tank (5) place in the low-temperature test chamber (2); It is characterized in that said method is: starting fluid battery pile (1) loads discharge under the condition of not carrying out cool cycles; After fuel cell pile (1) internal temperature or air tail row temperature reached the set point of temperature value, the ON cycle water pump said method comprising the steps of:

1) low-temperature test chamber (2) temperature is remained on 0 ℃～-20 ℃, disconnect cool cycles water pump and cool cycles water tank (5), the reacting gas to the air chamber and the hydrogen chamber of fuel cell pile (1) feed starts fuel cell pile (1);

2) electronic load with fuel battery test platform (3) loads discharge according to the loading slope of setting to fuel cell pile (1);

3) test fuel cell pile (1) internal temperature or air tail row temperature is opened the cooling water circulating pump when fuel cell pile (1) internal temperature or air tail row temperature reaches 2 ℃～20 ℃;

4) fuel cell pile (1) circulating water outlet temperature reaches 2 ℃～10 ℃, starts to accomplish;

2. the experimental technique that starts fast according to the said fuel cell pile subzero of claim 1 environment, the loading slope that it is characterized in that said setting is 1A～5A/s, the best is 2～3A/s.

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